FR2478189A1 - DRILL VALVE-TYPE DRILLING WELL TOOL, ESPECIALLY GRAVELING SLEEVE, AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

THIS TOTALLY OPENING SLEEVE 30 IS OF THE SLIDING SLEEVE VALVE TYPE AND IS INTENDED FOR GRAVELING ONE OR MORE ZONES IN A TANK OR NON-TUB BOREHOLE. THE SHIRT 58 OF THIS SLEEVE IS ACTUATED ONLY BY A VERTICAL UPWARD MOVEMENT OF AN INTERIOR CONCENTRIC TOOL TRAIL 20 WHICH WEARS A SHIRT POSITIONER 90 SERVING TO PUT THE SHIRT IN THE OPENING POSITION AND A SHIRT POSITIONER FOR PUTTING THE SHIRT. SHIRT IN THE CLOSED POSITION, SO THAT THE OPENING AND CLOSING OF THE GRAVELING SLEEVE ARE SUCCESSIVELY CONTROLLED BY THE SAME UPWARD MOVEMENT OF THE TOOL TRAIL. APPLICATION TO THE TREATMENT OF OIL WELLS.

Description

24 78 18 9

  The present invention relates to wellbore tools, particularly to grinding sleeves and

cementing.

  Unconsolidated formations, particularly those with loose sand and soft sandstone layers, continue to pose problems in well operations due to the migration of drifting sand and degraded sandstone into the borehole. when the formation deteriorates under the effect of pressure and

  the flow of fluids circulating in these formations.

  This migration of particles can end up by obstructing

  flows formed in the production device of the

  wells, and particles can seriously erode the equipment.

  In some cases, the obstruction of the production system may lead to a total cessation of the flow and to

"kill" the well.

  A frequently used method to limit migra-

  sand to the borehole consists in placing a

  gravel chit in place on the outside of a lost column or perforated or slotted strainer which is placed at the level of

  unconsolidated formation to form an opposing barrier

  laying migrating sand from the said structure

  while still allowing the fluids to circulate. The grading

  is sent to the training in the form of a suspension.

  sion, the vehicle fluid being separated and returned to the surface.

  To effectively stop the migration of the sand through the plug, it is necessary to use the appropriate gravel size, the openings of the lost column or strainer being dimensioned so that the gravel is removed.

  deposit on the outer surface of this column or strainer

  as the suspension fluid carrying the gravel penetrates from the outside into the lost column or

strainer.

  "Reverse circulation" is a procedure

  widely used for graveling wells. Usual-

  At the level of the unconsolidated formation, usually called the area to be gravelled, a loose column with a perforated sleeve or strainer is available, after which

  place a waterproof pad over the area between the

  lost and the casing of the well or, if the well is not

  not cuvelé, between the lost column and the wall of the hole

  rage, to isolate this area from the areas that surmount it. We drop a train of tubes inside the lost column

  in the area of the said area, thus creating an annu-

  between the lost column and the inner tube train.

  A suspension of gravel is forced back into this annular space, then it is taken out into the annular space between the lost column and the casing or the wall of the borehole,

  at an appropriate point above the zone, this suspension

  descending and gravel settling in the area of the

  strainer when the vehicle fluid enters the column

  due through the strainer, after which this fluid is brought up to

  through the inner tube train. A device for crossing

  embedded in the gravelling apparatus channels the fluid

  back to return it to the outside of the co-

  lonne lost, the fluid then rising to the surface. In sur-

  face, there is an increase in pressure at the time o gravel level reaches the upper end of the strainer,

  which indicates that a good gravel was made. Ensui-

  you stop the flow of the gravel-laden fluid.

  Optionally, it is possible to close the traversing device and to apply a pressure in the same direction as the flow of

  the suspension to suspend the suspension by

  in the formation, which consolidates the gravel plug.

  After the esquiche, the crossing device is opened and the circulation of the fluid is reversed, by pushing a clean fluid up and down in the inner tube train to do so.

  back in the annular space between this train

  the column lost to wash the area. Then, the well may be subjected to other treatments possibly

2478? 89

Necessary and in expioitation.

  The device by which the gravel suspension is

  directed towards the annular space between the

  and the casing of the well or the wall of the storm ro

  Like the height from which this suspension descends to the gravel crust, it is generally of simple design, and frequently composed of holes or holes neages in the

  column lost above the level of the gravel crust.

  This configuration is described in U.S.

  No. 3,987,854. In a variant, it is possible to provide means for

  the gravel passage holes after the gravel removal. The patent of B.U.A. No. 3,710,862 discloses a method of closing the orifices by depressing an obturator of orifices in the borehole after having retightened the string of tubes. U.S. Patent No. 3,726,343 employs another alternative, which is to provide a closing seal on the outer surface of the lost column, which liner is released to close the gravel passage openings, by

  shearing of a pin, after excising gravel.

  Another solution that has been tried to use for closing the gravel passage openings after gravel is described in the EBU.A patent. No. 3 963 0763 slutsion in which a sliding sheath is passed from a position

  opening at a closed position by translation of

  ascent of a tool1 of mameuvre. The shirt is twisted in the off position and in the closed position by a

  canism & curly elastic fingers. The U.A.

  No. 4,105,069 Utillse a grappling sleeve A sliding sleeve for the clogging of the gravel or gravel orifice, the sleeve being actuated by an upward and downward translation movement printed on tools on an inner concentric gear. Another variant used in the prior art consists in

  a gravel sleeve that uses a rotational movement

  a shirt to open and close the holes

- 4

wise gravel.

  The devices of the prior art, regardless of the form chosen, have a number of serious disadvantages. A disadvantage that represents a serious concern is the danger that presents itself

  when a lost column is installed in a well that

  carries one or more high pressure areas retained by.

  a column of mud. Open ports eliminate any possibility of acting effectively in the event of an eruption. The problem of eruption is also to be considered when an area has

  has been excavated and an opening is left permanently open

  in the well or while extracting a tool train (or train of tool stems) and

  in place a gasket across the orifices.

  If the gravel plug has not been fully consolidated at

  level of the gravel strainer, the constituents of the

  can bypass it and enter the column lost through the orifices. On the other hand, whether a separate seal is used, or a reciprocating translational movement of a sleeve integrated in the apparatus, it is necessary to carry out a second descent into the

  well to perform this operation.

  The rotating jacketing gravel sleeves are

  also put in place with their orifices

  be open, so that they also represent a risk

  stop eruptions or eliminate the possibility of arres-

  to stop the eruptions. In addition, the rotating sleeve sleeves

  can be difficult to operate because the value of the

  which can be applied at the bottom of the well is difficult to control. This, coupled with the fact that there is no way to determine the angle of rotation on the surface that will be necessary to obtain the desired angle of rotation at the bottom of the well, poses a problem for the operator in that the latter does not have

  the way to know if a shutter is or is not entirely

  open, partially open or fully closed after

  the application of force to the tooling train.

  The apparatus described in US Patent 4105069 overcomes many of these deficiencies, but in this case the setting of the sleeve sleeve in the open position and in the closed position is here also based on a transfer. the tool train up or down. By

  elsewhere in cases where the shirt is put in the position of

  upward movement, there is a risk of

  one or more sleeves when extracting the

  well tooling train if the tool for opening the

  setting is malfunctioning. In addition, the opening tool is actuated by rotation of the tool train combined with a translational movement of this train, which poses a particular problem in deviated drill holes,

  because of jamming that occur between the column

due and the tool train.

  On the contrary, the invention overcomes all the disadvantages

  which is found in the prior art and

  new advantages, so far unknown, of

  plicity and efficiency of work. The object of the invention is a three-position full aperture slip jacket type gravel sleeve. The shirt is fixed in each of its positions, after its displacement, by a ring of elastic fingers, and this shirt is moved

  from one position to another by cooperation with

  ticks carried by a concentric internal tool train.

  The elastic arms are released automatically when the shirt has reached each position. The only movement of the

  shirt which is necessary to ensure the opening and closing

  sleeve setting is an upward movement, which saves

  an additional maneuver after the execution of the gravel-

  to close the tool and ensures that the gravel sleeve is closed when the tool

  extract it from the well or bring it to the immediate area.

  higher level. The possibility of closing the graft sleeve

  upward traction also facilitates the maintenance of all the by-pass equipment included in the seal of gravity isolation seal carried by the internal tool train in its open position, which would be made impossible by a closing mode operating

  downward movement (because of the strength it is born

  need to develop to pull a shirt up and down).

  If the bypass contained in the sealing lining of the gravelling is closed, this lining, under the action of its sealing cups directed downwards, pushes under it.

  a column of fluid to inject it into the formations

  possibly exposed, and this maneuver can possibly cause a deterioration or a rupture of the cups of the - packing, so that it is no longer possible to proceed

  to a new gravel without rebuilding the tool train.

  Since it is difficult to adjust the exact path of the upward or downward movement of the tool train, the

  operating mode of the gravel sleeve according to the

  vention, which includes upward traction with

  or automatic release in the open position, followed by a second upward pull with a second release

  automatically in the closed position, presents advan-

obvious for the operator.

  The invention will be described below by way of illustration and not limitation in combination with a particular form of

  sealing gasket isolation seal. It will be obvious

  -dent for the man of the art that one can as well use

  another form of gravel isolation waterproof packing-

  such as that described in US Pat.

No. 4,105,069.

  It is also clear that the principle of invention

  It can also be applied to other types of devices such as cementing sleeves. This application of the principle of the invention would have the advantage that a full-opening cementation sleeve and z oStlionS p \ acc in its position as a special emitter r- SquSSa: Wt zDES Paz be opened by the 1r @ e1t ee and, secondly, from Curacao by the 2nd to the 21st century, which is preceded by the fact that, at present, there are other countries, such as those of the United States, which are now During the next session, I draw only $ 3 for the purpose of e:, me-the Pgo _ es9 a green-icae d! R of the ZSivaC iinvent-i & o & d-es his bone

  O of a year. of the 1bams 32 tie du-

  this shirt topsi 'i @ d or erture fant e e taken;

  Fig. 2 e 'a half = eztica2e cut ea.

  GZvilonnage em utio n dY @% zm o.tDqs d-2 What is the value of the XFio 6 @ is Half a year ago, it was about to have a grafted position in a position of supreme hardness in the Middle East. The Chasmi arm was already under way. Fig 4 4Bc 4D and 4D where you teach a young man with a vertical smp: The size of the grO.olao eag wlr.a t; ay 31e-a9 in douA 6 ilagem the pintle during the g = 717 3 - laú rig 53est Ulneoupie vertical If the amplification of the machine is nnaciated during the cicu! a + is inseed; Figs. 6A-6B, 6D and 6D are shown in a vertical view and in vertical section show the gravure stack at three positions along the line in its position to open, with a speed limit.

in position for 9ravi lonnage.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, FIG. 1 and FIG. 1 show the man- agement of the above-mentioned position of gray-and-gray ST posti + ons, while FIGS. 6A A 6D Zpresent a three-position gyrotron middling position with a gland isolation seal

  in place to perform the gravel.

  Fig. 1 shows a casing of wells 24 in which are disposed a lost column 22 and a tool train 20. In the lost column 24 is incorporated, above each of one or more formations or "zones" producing, a three-position gravel sleeve generally designated 30. The gravel sleeve is closed as shown in FIG. 1, when it is lowered into the well while it is incorporated in a

  lost column equipped with a valve shoe at the end-in-

  férieure. The gravel liner 30 comprises a barrel or barrel 32 pierced with at least one gravel or gravel orifice 38, screwed and welded to an adapter 34 at its upper end and an adapter 36 at its lower end. The adapters 34 and 36 are in turn screwed to the lost column 22. The upper adapter 34 has a

  part 40 of inner diameter narrowed or strangled, beyond

  beneath which is a chamfered surface 42. The

  Most of the inner surface of the sheath 32 is formed of a uniform cylindrical surface 44 which is traversed by the gravel orifice 38. By way of illustration, two, three, four or more of four orifices may be used. Gravel passage to increase the flow rate through the unit. Below the cylindrical surface 44,

  and directly following this surface, there is a

  upper annular groove 46, followed by an annular surface su-

  48, a central annular groove 50, a surface

  lower annulus 52 and a lower annular groove 54.

  The lower annular groove 54 is followed by a shoulder 56 formed by the upper edge of the lower adapter 36. Inside the sleeve 32 slides a jacket 58 which comprises

  a flat upper edge 60 which terminates at its end radially

  inner dial, by a chamfered inner surface and below which is located an annular shoulder 62 which extends radially inwards and faces downwards. Below the annular shoulder 62, an enlarged inner diameter zone 64 forms a recess on the inner surface of the liner 58, followed by a converging surface which leads to a cylindrical surface 66 of recess inside diameter.

  duit, which extends into a skirt 68 at the lower end.

  the upper part of which is formed a ring of elastic fingers

  70 having protuberances projecting radially

  outward at their lower end. The surface area

  The dullness of the skirt 68 has an annular recess 69 which presents at its lowest point an annular shoulder 71

  facing up. Annealed seals

  70, 74, 76 and 78 surround the jacket 58, and a light

  re 80 (or more lights if the sleeve has several orifices gravel passage) through this shirt between

  seals 74 and 76. Below the packing

  78, a chamfered annular shoulder 82 facing

  downward connects to the outer surface of the skirt 68.

  We can easily see that the contact between the shoulder 82

  and the axially upper edge of the upper annular surface

  upper 48 limits the downward movement of the liner 58 in the case where the adapter 36 is not screwed into the body 32 for a distance sufficient to act as a stop

  to the elastic fingers 70. In the position

  shown in FIG. 1, the gravel sleeve 30 is in its lower closed position, into which it is lowered into the casing 24, incorporated in the lost column

  22. The passage opening of the gravel 38 is surrounded by the

  annular sealing nitrates 72 and 74, while the

  80 is framed by the

  74 and 76. A shirt positioner is used in

  opening position 90 to open the gravel sleeve-

  30, this positioner 90, which will also be called positive

  opening valve forming part of the tooling train 20

  and being attached to this train by adapters 92 and 94. A man

  96 of the opening positioner 90 is surrounded by a man-

  chon with elastic arms 98 o hangs or hangs one or more

  elastic arms designated by reference 100. The man-

  chon with elastic arms is retained on the mandrel 96 by the

  upper adapter 92. The elastic arm 100, which is directed towards the arm, has on its outer surface a central shoulder 102 of elastic arm which is limited by edges

  chamfered upper and lower respectively. The shoulder-

  central portion 102 of the elastic arm may comprise a recessed carbide chip (not referenced), as shown, for

  improve its wear characteristics when it is

  tact with the internal surface of the lost column.

  lower end of the elastic arm 100, a protuberance 104 includes a shoulder 106 which faces upwardly and extends radially outwardly, and an outer edge 108 inclined inwardly and which leads to a tapered lower tip. Below the elastic arm sleeve 98 is located

  a sleeve 110 with fluted ribs, carrying one or more

  two ribs, one of which is designated 112

  and which is circumferentially aligned with the elastic arm

  100, (other ribs, not shown, being aligned with other elastic arms distributed over the circumference of the opening positioner 90). The sleeve 110 is keyed,

  so that it can not turn around the mandrel 96. The sur-

  outer face of the rib 112 is in a circumference

  with the same radius as that of the

  100 of the elastic arm 100, so that the rib 112 protects the elastic arm 100 deteriorations when descending the

  in the well, that it facilitates the removal of

  risk of hooking of the elastic arm 100 on the internal irregularities of the lost column or the casing

  and that it centers the elastic arm in the lost column.

  To open the gravel sleeve 30, it is

  the shoulder 106 directed upwards carried by the elastic arm

  than 100 of the opening positioner 90 engaged with the shoulder

247M189

  62 of the shirt 58 of the mecho de gv i2lornnage.o Le7vi-

  foxmg mar mar region 64 of the f-c intezrne of the shirt 58 allows the elastic arms 200 of sqcz-er zadialemenst

  to the e * tezer, the deun eplen 's being in action.

  $ Central Arms 102 Arms & Lastique metze;

  with the shoulder 62 of the shirt g ace to the fme

  braking of its edges and thanks to the compression of the elastic arm

  than 100 that resulted from the contact between the 2r-tbance 234

  bzas elastic and internal surface - 12 chsK, __ Ae 58, cGm-

  This is an important part of the effort to get involved in the Zvids region. 64 jaenteo lsqulon pulls the tooling train 20 the caretaker's arm

  1OX attains: 58% up to 58% of its total cost.

  OeZ s the P 2S, and, at this PDntMC.l 2LcU on -rZs graSllzEge

  30 is opening up the gavillonnae 3E & tt = -n rs aJiL-

  On the 80th, it is necessary to know that there are other artefacts of the past. As a result, the number of hours of work performed and the number of hours worked at the same time are spread evenly over the country to control the bit of the operation. In the second year on the 2nd, the general metals 74 and 7 are on the top of the bar and 28 on the same side, on the other side. fides and tf & res e. Partziculzs to infiltrate between the fur 32 and the shirt 38 during the gravel ophrxations. The check 58 is locked.

  in its opening position by lengagemeut dzs szan-

  These are worn by the fingertips of 2a this type of elastic fingers solicited ver3! Vetrieurx dîns in the central gurge 30 after these protuberances are rasont on the surface - nulaie

  lower 52 and have traveled this surface0 2 move_as-

  from the shirt 58 in response to the tzazeion of the position-

  The opening 9O is stopped in contact with the central station. 102 of the elastic arm 100 and the surface

  chamfered 42 which leads to the strangulated portion 40 of iladapta-

  The upper position of the elastic arm 100 over the length of this elastic arm

  is calculated in such a way that the above-mentioned contact occurs

  that the shirt 58 reaches a position in which the man-

  The gravel choker 30 is opened, after which the entry of the chamfered surface 42 and the throttled portion 40 in accordance with FIG.

  tact with the elastic arm 100 through the shoulder

  the central element 102 of this elastic arm and the

  of the elastic arm inwards have the effect that the shoulder 106 directed upwardly of the protuberance 104

  the elastic arm is disengaged from the shoulder 62 of the liner.

  Then, down the tool train 20, as will be described below about the gravel operation, the inclined edge 108 of the protuberance 104, first meeting the chamfered edge 60 of the shirt

  then the chamfered edge leading to the cylindrical inner surface

  than 66 of this folder, allows the opening positioner to

  to descend freely, the downward force exerted on the

  setting 58 being suitably compensated by the catch between the fingers of the ring of elastic fingers 70 biased towards

  the outside and the annular groove.central 50.

  When it comes to closing the gravel sleeve-

  30 - (as shown in Fig.3), we use a

  folder positioner 120 serving to place the shirt in po-

  closing position (closing positioner) which is located

  on the tool train 20 below the positioner of

  90. The closing positioner 120 is similar to the

  ] opening positioner 90, in that it comprises a maneuver

  126 on which is mounted a sleeve 128 A elastic arms

  comprising one or more elastic arms designated by the

  130, and a grooved rib sleeve 140

  one or more ribs 142 aligned with the elastic arms

  100. The elastic arms and ribs are aligned

* conferring and maintained in the same way as those of the opening positioner 90. The mandrel 126 is attached to the train

  tooling 20 by adapters 122 and 124 which serve

2478,189

  also to fix one the sleeve with elastic arms 128, and

  the other the rib sleeve 140. The elastic arm 130 carries

  a central shoulder 132 delimited by chamfered edges

  born. However, unlike the central shoulder 102 of the elastic arm 100, the central shoulder 132 is placed closer to the protrusion 134 located at the end of the elastic arm 130, this elastic arm 130 being moreover

  short that the elastic arm 100. When the shoulder 136 di-

  raised upwardly by the protuberance 134 deviates outward to engage the recessed region 64 adjacent and engages the shoulder 62 of the liner, and

  described above with regard to the opening positioner

  90, an upward pull exerted on the tool train-

  step 20 causes the gravel sleeve 30 to move to its upper closing position. As has been shown

  clearly in FIG. 3, the central shoulder 132 of the arm

  The elastic member makes contact with the chamfered surface 42 which leads to the neck portion 40 of the upper adapter 34 of the sleeve when the sleeve 58 reaches its closed position, and the continued upward movement of the tool train forces the elastic arm 130 to tighten and release the liner 58, the shorter length of the resilient arm and the positioning of the central shoulder 132 along the length of this arm being calculated to cause the release of the liner 58 at the desired time. In the position

  top closure, the annular

  76 and 78 frame the gravel orifice 38 of the furnace

  32, thus opposing any flow through this orifice. When the closing positioner is lowered into the well, on the tooling train 20, the rib 142 protects the elastic arm 130 and avoids clashes, in the same way as the inclined edge 138 of the protrusion 134, whose tip is on a circumference having approximately the same radius as the outer circumference of the rib 142. 24781 a9 Referring now to FIGS. 6A to 6D, on which the gravel sleeve 30 is in its

  opening position shown in Fig.2. The train of

  20 was positioned in such a way that the seal or sealing assembly 300 of gravity isolation carried by the

  equipment train 20 is in place for the beginning of the gravel-

  swimming. Insulation liner 300 includes constituents

  used for gravelling itself in combination with a

  taking a bypass and a relief valve to facilitate movement of the device in the lost column, as well as

  will explain in detail later.

  In the lost column, the watertight seal of

  300 is suspended from concentric tubes.

  208 and 210. A bypass liner 302 is secured by

  outer concentric tube 210 and carries an annular sleeve

  nular 306 which is fixed rigidly to it and which is traversed

  from a vertical passage 440 (it being understood that there is a

  analogous passage on the right side of the tool, which is sym-

  left side, as indicated in a simple form.

  folded in FIG. 4C). In the bore of the annular sleeve 306 slides a sliding joint mandrel 304 which is screw-fastened to a solid-walled inner tube 208, which mandrel 304 surrounds the upper end of an inner mandrel 420, a seal at fluid being established between the two mandrels by O-rings 416 and 418. A discharge port 318

  of the shirt and a bypass hole 324 of the shirt

  pour the wall of the bypass liner 302, fillings

  sealing rings 314 and 316 enclosing the orifice

  318 filler and 320 ring gaskets and

  322 flanking the bypass hole 324. At the infertile end

  The top of the bypass liner 302 is provided with a resilient ring of fingers 326 which extend downward and carry keys 328 at their lower end. Below the

  junction between the outer tube 210 with a solid wall and the

  by-pass setting 302, the outer surface of this shirt pre-

2478: 8UF

  let + z an idiamtre r'c a - coe Ze-presented in 33 n a-Zan, this-

  chrmfzeineSo The controller emerges from the analysis of the eypas, who, consciously downward, will be able to do so with the help of a fingertip 326, where it is possible to do so. c hemise de by = pass S, is endcouzSeG dvn oven at the 5th 3-_pS S3 EZui 'mont, cou! is on this (folder 9 314, 326 32 and S322 in co: and with the fool of R]? Pass S30D 7rm! oriice dcecn3_rge of: fura -e A oifc e PbF- = Dasàs 2 :: 4 1 -d al i o329D32 <.a p 1: ancDheo P & nm za rki m Supréienze dil frraâ G by = pass B2SO mzk = 2Gvn Ile, sznr of fingers eZaàsô: qmes ne SDE: 2à ez: '_Gen. Ve-r 2eGî ceises dy = &, Oo & = mr @ 2521 MS.2czt, C, to e: n_ 12 jp-_ Mc e2-S 2e% che R. e'ssee by-passes scene csonceasiee d! Ein 4 coee - eu -ID: ele cinse'e e Szg Se The following table shows the following information: Page 2 - 3 - eq. ., .. e; the furnace * a deby-pass S dd dca b.anli0 2and, as tm Èid the fsesie of o21CE dUZ 1 dc g e + & 1 ede by 2 to 33 eZleOSi lu-83D é, rC "aE Z-fnSe I & 1g1B ZgiCilaw> 342. rcîz = 2zfi3i", n2 raisesra-i-lies e ft aom tOzeGDn in ..... the sgeraiZ zepeio ' ie pzeaem'3e nt ptt: ;; of, 230, pctqz O maf ga "x iLDnzsmg tizp ,, l" 113m-iol2 & f a2V2le3, v zrS Mú4 = 3entiel of gold! ifeî; eC det' ". (X dé3charg2. - E3it of b> b tias 51e 2a3n chcz gr 0, ec cs __> 2as of the e> - t $ e rt, rt gue d gzi e sta 352 Cude sso-s of amil s a gasoline coeii e ee e 354 who face face 3ers

247,819

  the bottom, a sealing gasket spacer 356, a low-sided sealing gasket cup 358, and a tubular sealing spacer spacer 360. As can be seen in FIG. 6B, the seal cups are axially locked by the screw connection established between an upper circulation body 364 and the sleeve 350 of the seal, the upper circulation body abutting the spacer spacer 360. At the lower end of the 364 upper body is fixed a body 366 gravel passage which is pierced with a light 368 gravel passage, the body

  366 passage gravel bearing, welded to its surface inter-

  ne, a block 410 gravel passage crossed by a passage

  gravel 412 which is in communication with the light 368.

  The gravel-passage block 410 is designed to let the fluid flow from an outer annular passage 448 to an annular chamber 450. The inner face of the gravel-passage block 410 is welded to an outer mandrel 404,

  at the lowest point of this mandrel, which is in turn

  414 to a ring, a fluid-tight seal between the ring 414 and the inner mandrel 420 being established by rings

  O-rings 422 and 424. The upper end of the outer mandrel

  404, which is shown in FIG. 6A, slides inside the bypass liner 302, bearing against an area of reduced inside diameter of this liner, a fluid-tight seal being established between the liner and the

  mandrel by O-rings 406 and 408, over the entire length

  of the axial stroke described in relation to the shirt of

by-pass 302.

  Below the gravel pass body 366, a lower body 370m extends to a traffic body

  374 around which are mounted a cup of sealing gasket

  376 which is directed upwards, a spacer of

  378, a sealing cup 380,

  upward and a threaded ring of waterproof trim

  382 which are attached to the outer surface of the body of circula-

2478,189

  374. The screw connection established between the body

  370 and the circulation body 374 forms a shoulder

  retaining device which prevents the cups 376 and 380 from

  mount, thanks to the larger outer diameter 372 of the lower body 370, as can be seen in FIG. 6C, the displacement of the cups downwards being limited by the ring

  Thread 382 of the seal. A short distance beyond

  under this threaded ring 382, a circulation hole 384 passes through the wall of the circulation body 374, on the inner surface of which is welded a circulation block 426 traversed by a circulation passage 428 which communicates with the light

  384. The inner mandrel 420 is welded to the inside.

  interior of the block of circulation 426 which, like the block of passage of gravel 410, is studied to let the fluid to circumvent it axially, while passing from the upper part of

  room 450 at the bottom of this room. Not-

  axial circulation 452 of the inner mandrel 420 is in

  communication, as has been shown, with the passage of

  428. Below the circulation hole 384,

  386 upwardly facing seal shovel is pressed against a seal ring 388 which, in turn, serves as a support for a downwardly facing seal cup 390. The cups 386 and 390 are retained axially by

  a slight shoulder provided on the circulation body 384

  above the cup 386, as shown on the

  Fig. 6D, and by a similar shoulder formed on the body ter-

  * minal 392 below the cup 390. A lower bypass 394 through the wall of the terminal body 392 for

  connect the annular space 454 of the lost column located

  under 300 grit isolation waterproof seal-

  swim to the annular chamber 450 thereof. The terminal body

  392 carries recessed O-rings 396 and 398 which

  Blend a fluid-tight seal between the interior volume

  of this terminal body 392 and the outside of the lower end

of the inner mandrel 420.

  At the lower end of the end body 392 there is attached a ball check valve 460 which comprises an upper valve body 462 and a lower valve body 464.

  with a ball 468 inside the cavity of these bodies.

  The upper valve body 462 has a bypass brace 466 which allows the fluid to flow to its level even when

  ball 468 is in place. The lower body of the valve

  sits a seat 470, so that the flow of the fluid in the downward direction is blocked when the ball 468 is supported

on this seat.

  It can be seen that the gravel lumen 368 (FIG. 6C) is adjacent to the gravel orifice 38 and to the lumen 80 which are respectively formed in the sleeve 32 of the gravel sleeve and in the sleeve 58, which facilitates the flow of the gravel to the annular space 26 of the well casing. The flow of the gravel suspension

  which enters the annular space 444 of the seal

  insulation, coming from the passage light 368

  gravel, is limited at its upper end by

  354 and 358 of the seal and at its end

  the cups 376 and 380 of the seal, all these cups responding to the fluid pressure of the suspension. The suspension reaches the annular space 444 of the isolation liner through the annular space 209 of the solid-walled tube, the vertical passage 440, the space

  inner annulus 442, the gravel passage 412 and the

  first 368 gravel passage. The upward flow

  the check valve 460, which occurs during the re-

  turn of the vehicle fluid from the suspension through a tail tube during the gravel, travels the length of the insulation seal 300 through the passage

  axial circulation 452 of the inner mandrel 420, for

  then climb to the surface through the bore of the inner tube

full wall 208.

  During the course of the course, a clean fluid is discharged below the bottom of the inlet 292 and in the axial circulation passage 452 of the mandrel 420, the biile 468 of the valve 4 for 4 seconds. 470 pressurizes the seat 470 by forcing the fluid A to enter the circulation passage 428 via the rim 429 and to exit the seal 300 through the cizculation light 384. This pressurized fluid flattens the cups 376 and 350 the sealing gasket which are directed upward (it is represented as simp! fi on the IgO 5) and penetrates into the thin zone of the space 444 of this linings the continuation of the upward opening + t of the fluid and :. arxt ', aee by

  cups 254 and 359 of the nie inure ete which are di-

  rowed down. The fnide st of onc dii ge vetrs a lumirze 368 passage grayler and the sage e a 412 to go up in space, ann! Aize n'erien 42 and reach thep-ae annltaire 209O tube Ao pSiinc qiu ELmee to the

  When the train 20 is traveling in

  rZO loosing the lost coloîm it is AupmZaaz41 that the fluid can flow along this train by circling it, in order to avoid the swelling that could repress the fluid

  in: formations through gravel crushers and also

  endcmmager the compelles of the reed trim. In order to obtain this result, the by-pass plug 302 slides in the bypass body 3309 so that a pull is applied to the gateway 208 and 21, and an upward movement takes place. Bypass liner 202 relative to bypass body 330. The annular shoulder 310 provided on the bypass body 302 is provided by elastic fingers 338, thereby providing a lock. able to resist-er A from

  small upward and downward forces. The upward movement

  The end of the bypass liner 302 is provided by the contact between the abutment 340 provided in the bpass body 330 and the keys 328 of the fingers 320 provided at the bottom.

  of the bypass folder 302. In the extended position of

  By-pass liner 302, the discharge port 318 of this liner 302 is juxtaposed with the discharge port 332 of the bypass body 330. This allows communication between the annular space 446 located above the waterproof seal of insulation-

  300 and the annular space 444 through the orifice

  load 332, the discharge port 318, the inner annular passage 442, the gravel passage 412 and the gravel passage lumen 368. During the upward movement which flattens the cups 354 and 358 of the seal and applies the cups 376 to 380, the fluid column which overcomes the

  cups 376 and 380 can leave the area of the annular space

  444 and return to the top of the insulation isolation pad

  same time as it moves the fluid in its ascending

  ing. Likewise, when the by-pass shirt 302 is in the form of

  the bypass hole 324 is aligned with the orifice

  By-pass 334 of the by-pass sheath 330. In this case, the

  The annular space 446 located above the isolation liner is communicated with the annular space 454 below through the outlet of the outlet 334, the orifice

  discharge.324, the outer annular passage 448, in outline

  the block 410 gravel passage to enter the annular chamber 450 and then bypass the block of traffic

  426 and pass through the lower bypass hole 394. The

  downstream of the isolation liner 300 is thus facilitated because the column of fluid retained by the cup 390 of the insulation liner which is directed downwards can

  leave the annular space 454-and go back to the space

  nular 446 which overcomes the insulation liner 300 when

it moves the fluid.

  The by-pass portion of the insulation packing 300 is arranged so that it is necessary to exert a large downward force, for example 9000 kg, to close the discharge and bypass ports. Upper ends 338 push up by-pass shirt

  302 by coming into contact with the underside of the shoulder-

  ring 310 when the bypass liner 302 is in

  extension. When the insulation liner is anchored in

  for the execution of the gravel, as will be described below, a downward force of this value is then exerted.

  their. When moving up the tool train 20 after the grading

  villonnage, the initial flow of the fluid and the force exerted before the tool train is released from its anchorage

  open the discharge and by-pass ports.

  The fully open gravel sleeve 30 is

  studied to require a force of about 4,500 kg to

  the shirt 58, an operation during which the

  these discharge and bypass of the insulation seal 300 can be opened, just as they will be closed if the

  tooling train 20 is anchored for the execution of the gravel-

  swimming and a downward force is applied. There is therefore no problem if a force greater than 4500 kg is momentarily exerted since, in all likelihood, the discharge and b.ypass ports are already open and,

  In any case, they will be closed before the execution of

  pling. In the drawings and in particular in Figs. 4A to 4D and 5, the fully open gravel sleeve 30 and the gravel isolation seal 300 which are interposed respectively in the lost column and in the

  the tool train are represented in a simplified form.

  for the sake of clarity of the description of the grading operation

  villonnage. The tool train is designated in its entirety by the reference 20 while the lost column which surrounds it concentrically is designated by the reference 22. These two concentric trains are surrounded by the casing 24 of the well, which is pierced with perforations. at the levels of two unconsolidated producer formations 150 and 152 through which

  passes the borehole. If the graveling procedure de-

  written in this memo must be performed in a well that does not contain a lost column, the organs and elements

  which have been described above as incorporated in this

  lost, such as open gravel

  total, can be incorporated in the casing 24 of the well, using in this casing a tool train of

appropriate dimension.

  The lost column is fixed in the casing 24 of the

  well by means of an appropriate column

  requested 156, as schematically shown. A collar-

  tie of column suspension 154 is fixed in position in

  the casing 24 by means of wedges 160 which are themselves used

  to mechanically fix the position of the liner 156.

  The threaded sleeve 158 shown is used to fix the

  22 to a drill string during installation

  of this column in the borehole inside the tank.

24.

  Starting from the suspension device 154 of the

  lonne, this column comprises a length of solid walled tube 162 which extends to a point above

  the highest area to be graveled. At this level is

  an inflatable casing lining, shown schematically

  The annular space 166 defined by the mandrel 168 and the elastomeric outer wall 170 is inflated to a predetermined pressure by discharging a fluid through

  a non-return valve 172 shown schematically.

  Below the lining 164 is placed a full opening gravel sleeve 30 such as that described above.

  above but represented in simplified form, this man-

  chon comprising a sheath 32 in which is mounted

  In the upper part of the sleeve 32 is located a constricted portion 42, delimited by chamfered edges. Below the constricted portion 42 is an inner cylindrical surface 44 traversed by the grit holes 38 and 38 '. Below the inner surface

  44, there is shown an annular surface 48 followed by a groove

23--

  annular center 50, of a canceled surface 52 possessed

  approximately the same inner diameter as the

  nular 48 and a lower annular groove 54. For simplicity

  fold, the upper annular groove was omitted.

  re. Inside the sleeve 32, the sleeve 5 is surrounded by mechanical seals 72, 74, 76 and 78. At the upper end of the liner 58 is an annular shoulder 62 facing downwards. Between the annular seals 74 and 76 there are provided E80 and 80 'which communicate with the grading orifices 38 and 38 when aligned with them.

  the lower end of the shirt 58 ese washes the couzon-

  no resilient fingers 70 that present i..n-

  Lateral projecting radial towards: Leerieur "

  A polished extension 174 is provided below the man-

  30, and below this extension is provided a grinding tool 1760. This grinding tool 176 has an annular shoulder 178 which faces upwards and is delimited by recesses annrlaies n tube 189 A Dao: full is placed Immediately beneath the anchoring tool 176. A gravel screen 183 is disposed at the level of the predictive or preferentially oriented membrane, below the walled tube 10.o in respect of the desired surface area. a loose casing packing l19- pe almost identical

  At lining 1649 is placed under the crest of gra-

  villonnage 182 promar isolate the area of interest superior inferre interesting area. The space 186 delimited by the

  mandrel 188 and the outer wall 190 made of elastomer is

  This pressure is determined by the discharge of a fluid through the non-return valve 192 shown schnatically. Below the seal 184 is splined a second full-opening gravelling sleeve 30, shown in FIG.

  its opening position, in which the gravity holes

  38 and 38 'are aligned with the lights 80 and 80'.

  A second anchoring tool 196 is placed beneath the polished extension 194, itself located below the lower gravity sleeve 30. The anchoring tool 196 has an annular shoulder 198 facing towards the high and is

  delimited by annular recesses.

  A gravel strainer 202 is disposed at the level of

  productive formation or lower interest area, beyond

  under a solid-walled tube 200. Gravel strainers 182

  and 202 are shown in the drawings in a form

  in reality, they may have a length of one to several meters, the length being determined by the thickness of the producing formation to be gravelled,

  as will be obvious to those skilled in the art; he is also

  It is obvious that gravel strainers may have perforations as in the case shown in the drawings or that, to form the desired perforations,

  slots surrounded by a winding of wire.

  Another length of solid-walled tube 204 is

  below the 202 gravel strainer, and the end

  bottom of the tube is capped with a valve shoe 206.

  It should be noted that the correct orientation of the tool train 20 relative to the lost column 2.exige

  that the polished extensions 174 and 194 are of the appropriate length

  required to place the insulation seal 300 (see Fig.4C)

  at the level of the gravel sleeve 30 when the train of

  -tillage 20 is anchored in place in the area to be gravelled.

  After describing the lost column 22, the tool train 20 will now be described, starting with its part

higher.

  An unperforated inner tube 208 and an outer tube

  2, concentric to the first, descending from the surface to the insulation seal 300. Given

  that it is not possible to match exactly the two

  In the case of tubes, it is of course necessary to incorporate in the inner tube train a fluid-tight assembly forming a sliding and rotating joint represented in a form

simplified in 212.

  The solid-walled tubes 208 and 210 are engaged in the upper portion of the isolation liner 300, which has been described in detail above. At the upper end of the insulation seal 300 is placed an upper body 302 at which the solid walled tube 208 communicates with an axial circulation passage 452 and where the annular space 209 between the tubes 208 and 210 communicates. with passages

  external 440 and 440 '. In FIG. 40, the constituent elements

  insulation trim 300 are designated by means of

  ferences which correspond to those of the elements described above with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6D, but it should be noted that, for simplicity, it has been omitted to represent in FIG.

  certain elements which are not essential for the descrip-

  the gravel operation.

  In FIG. 4C, there is shown at about the same level as the ball check valve 460 a positioner

  opening 90 for putting the shirt in a position of

  verture and which comprises an elastic sleeve 98 and arms

  100 and 100 'elastics having medial shoulders in

  outward projection with chamfered edges. To the ex-

  tremities of the elastic arms are formed protuberances

  each of which has on its upper end a shoulder

  106 or 106 'protruding outwards and facing

  upwards, the lower outer face of each protuber-

  rance being chamfered inwards and downwards. The elastic arms 100 and 100 'are shown in a slightly compressed position in which they are pressed against the inner surface of the lost column 22 at the level of the elongate

polished 194.

  Below the positioner 190 is provided in the tool train 20 an anchor positioner 220. This anchor positioner 220 comprises a friction block assembly 222 and

  a body with elastic arms 224. The assembly 222 is mounted

  smoothing on a mandrel 226 in which is formed a groove J 228. A lug 230 is fixed to the assembly 222 and slides in the groove J 228. On the inside of the assembly 222 are provided friction blocks to 232 and 234 represent

  schematically, which are supported against the

  dull of the lost column 22, so that they center the po-

  anchoring system 220. The lower surface 236 of the

* seems to friction blocks is frustoconical, inclined

  inward and upward from its inner end

  férieure. Below the friction block assembly 222,

  the body 224 carrying elastic arms carries elastic arms

  238 and 240 upwards, similar to those of the posi-

  90. The resilient arms 238 and 240 have central shoulders projecting radially outwardly,

  as well as protuberances at their upper ends

  EXTERIOR. The shoulders have chamfered edges, and the protuberances have at their lower ends radially outwardly projecting shoulders facing downwards and at their upper ends, chamfered faces directed upwardly and inwardly. The upper extreme points of these faces are located at a radius inferior to that of the lower end of the assembly.

  friction block 222, which allows the inclined surface

  236 to slip by sliding on the elastic arms 238 and 240 and tighten them when pulling up the

  20. Since the J 228 groove pre-

  actually feels the shape of a J, a pulling down

  at the top of the tooling train 20 forces the spur 230 to circulate

  run to the bottom of groove 228, which is underneath

  of the short longitudinal part of the J, the positioner of

  220 which locks in a retracted position when

  the tool train 20 is lowered, the lug 230 engaging in the short longitudinal portion of the J. Below the anchoring positioner 220 is placed a

2478,189

  closure positioner 120 for positioning the chimney

  is in the closed position, and which comprises a sleeve 128 with elastic arm on which are mounted elastic arms

  and 130 'headed down. Each elastic arm has

  a radially outwardly projecting central shoulder 132 or 132 ', the edges of which are chamfered, and at the lower end of each of the resilient arms there is a protuberance which has on its upper edge a shoulder 136 or 136 'radially projecting facing towards

  top and, at its lower end, a chamfered edge

  clinch down and to the outside. The elastic arms 130

  and 1302 are reprinted in a position slightly

  in which they are pressed against the inner surface of the lost column 22 at the end of the walled out pipe

full 204.

  At the lower end of the tool train 20 is

  provided a tail-250 tube having a bore 252 which communicates

  only with the bore 2549 which selects through the mandrel

  226 from the anchor position, up to the anti-return valve 460.

  We will now describe a gravel operation by referring again to Figs. 4A to 4D and 5. When the well has been drilled and the casing 24 has been put in place, this casing is perforated at appropriate intervals at the level of

  formations 150 and 152, it is washed and possibly treated

  msent appropriately. At this point, the lost column 22 is lowered into the rock hole and suspended inside the casing 24 by means of the suspension assembly 154 of the

lost column.

  When placed in the casing, the colonist

  No. 22 includes a number of opening gravel sleeves

  the total number of sones to be scaled, each

  sleeve being designated as a whole by the reference 30.

  As mentioned above, the gravel sleeves

  Swimming 30 upper and lower are placed above the level

  corresponding sones and gravels, while

  corresponding gravel pits 182 and 202 are placed at

  level of these areas and cover the entire thickness of these areas.

  Between each gravel sleeve and the gravel strainer

  corresponding position are placed a polished length 174 or 194 respectively.

  and an anchoring tool 176 or 196 respectively, these

  tools to precisely fix the position of the tool train-

  20 in each zone when the anchor positioner 220

  is engaged in the appropriate anchoring tool.

  Above the upper zone is placed a garnish

  suitable inflatable lining 184. When inflated, these lining insulate the upper zone of the zone below and the portion of the annulus of the well. which is located above. If the upper zone is extremely close to the air suspension assembly 154, the gasket 164 can be omitted because it is used when a column suspension device is used.

  lost, equipped with a sealing element, as has been shown

  schematically in 156. If one wishes not only to isolate

  areas of each other but also isolate them from

  between formations, it is possible to use

  waterproof trims above and below each zone.

  For example, if, in the case considered, the upper zone

  far above the lower zone, we could use

  an additional inflatable packer in the column 22, above the liner 184 and yet below the upper zone, additional anchoring tools being

  intercalated at appropriate intervals in the column.

  When the lost column 22 has been suspended in the casing, the tool train 20 is lowered into the borehole. The operator may choose to inflate the inflatable packings 164 and 184 during descent of the tool string into the borehole, or to inflate these packings from below and during the upward movement of the tool string. In fact, it can inflate the inflatable packings in any crère but, for the needs of the exposed,

  The method in the following will be more fully described in the following.

  which one inflates pads from the bottom.

  When the anchor positioner 220 is in its contracted mode (the friction block assembly 222 tightening the resilient arms 238 and 240), the tool train 20 is lowered to about the lower end zone and the anchoring tool 196. Then, the tool train 20 is moved up a certain distance, it is rotated 30 to the right and it is lowered to have the released mode, the positioner anchoring then being lowered

  in order to rely on the shoulder 198 of the tool

  196, as shown in FIG. 4D. If it happens that the anchor positioner is released below the anchor tool 196, it can be picked up through this tool

  even in the liberated mode, since the outer edges

  inclined rims protuberances of this positioner guide

  the elastic arms 238 and 240 to get them through the

  198. The anchor positioner 220 is locked in position when the downwardly facing shoulders which are formed on the protuberances of the ends of the resilient arms 238 and 240 bear on the shoulder 198. At this point and at the difference from what is shown in FIG. 4C. the full aperture gravel sleeve 30 will be closed (as shown in FigA4B), since

  has not yet performed any operations to open it. From this

  In this embodiment, the inflation port 192 of the inflatable liner 184 is flanked by the downward facing cups 354 and 358 and the upwardly facing cups 376 and 380 of the gravity isolation liner 300. . Given

  that the filling can not be inflated while the

  the discharge and by-pass of the upholstery 300 are

  green, it is necessary to exert a force of

  9,000 kg on the anchor to close these orifices,

  as noted above. When the weight is established, the

  2478a189 By-pass 302 moves down relative to the barrel 330 of the bypass valve to assume the position shown in FIG. 4C, thus isolating the discharge and by-pass ports of the sleeve 330 from the corresponding orifices 302 of the bypass jacket, by opposing the flow of the fluid between the annular space 446, the annulus 444 of the liner and the annular space 454 below the gravity isolation liner 300. Naturally,

  it is obvious that the bypass is open during the

  in the well and remain open until a significant downward force has been exerted. All by-pass

  necessary being closed, we now net the tool train-

  under pressure, at the pressure level. desired, by the

  of the annular space 209 of the solid-walled tubes

  for inflating the inflatable lining 184. The fluid under pressure is

  sion reaches trim 184 through the annuli space.

  209 of the solid-walled tubes, the external passages 440 and 440 ', the inner annular passage 442, and the passages

  gravel 412 and 412 ', which open into the outer space of

  444 of the insulation seal delimited by the surface

  inside the lost column 22, the outer surface of the

  Insulation grit 300, sealing cups, 354 and 358 at the top and 376 and 378 at the bottom. From the annular space 444 of the isolation liner, the fluid enters the inflatable liner 184 through the flapper

  anti-return device 192 to inflate this filling at the pre-pressure

  determined. The inflatable lining being inflated, it can now be

  graveling in the lower zone of the

  way that will be described below.

  To open the gravel sleeve 30 to open

  of the lower zone, the tool train is pulled upwards to retract the anchor positioner 220,

  and the tool train 20 is raised so that the posi-

  Opening 90 activates the sleeve 58 of the sleeve

  The resilient arms 100 and 100 'of the position

  Opening 90 differs and the shoulders formed on the protuberances 106 and 106 'attack the annular shoulder 62 of the liner 58. A pull of approximately 4,500 kg aligns the lobes 80 and 80' of the liner 58 to the holes graveling 38 and 38 'of the sheath 32 "thus opening the gravel sleeve 30. When the opening position of the fully open gravel sleeve 30 has been reached,

  the central shoulders 102 and 102 'which protrude radially from

  outwardly are in contact with the chamfered edge which leads to the constricted portion 42, this contact having the effect of tightening the elastic arms 100 and 1001 in

  causing them to disengage from the shirt 58, to leave

  if the gravel sleeve 30 in its new position.

  Then, the tool train 20 is lowered to the approximate position of the anchor 198, it is moved up, it is tilted to the right and then on! lower to loosen the machine

  220 and set this positioner in contact with the anchor-

age 198.

  A suspension of vehicle fluid is repressed.

  gravel up and down along the annular space 209 of the solid-walled tubes, for injection into the passages 440 and 440 'and through the lower annular passage 442 and out through the gravel passages 412 and 412 '

  to make it penetrate the annular space 444 of the gar-

  insulation, then through the gravel

  swim 38 and 38 'from the gravel shank 30 to dump it

  in the lower annular zone 260, in which the

  The vehicle fluid returns to the lost column 22 through the gravel strainer 202, the gravel being retained on the outer surface of the strainer 202, at the appropriate chute of the size of the openings of this strainer. The vehicle fluid freed of its gravel then enters the bore 252 of the tail tube and returns through the ball valve 460, whose ball 468 is lifted from its seat by the fluid flowing from

  bottom up. The fluid then passes through the circulation of

  452 axial discharge formed in the gland isolation seal 300, then rises to the surface by the solid wall inner tube 208. The circulation of the gravel suspension is continued until the gravel plug

  262 has accumulated from a point below the

  gravel pine 202 to a point above this strainer, thus interposing a barrier against the migration of sand from the producing zone or interesting in

  the lost column 22. When a counter surface is detected

  pressure, this indicates that the gravel injected into the

  The bottom has been deposited (has formed a plug) to a level higher than that of the upper end of the gravel strainer 202 and the gravel is finished. It is obvious - that there was no fluid movement in the area

  26 during the removal of the gravel, since the suspension

  gravel and the return of the vehicle fluid are contained

  inside the tool train 20.

  At this stage, it may be possible to consolidate the

  be gravel by applying a pressure, what is called the esquiche. Pressure is applied up and down along the annular space 209 of the solid-walled tubes after having

  obturated at the surface the flow coming out of the imperfor-

  At the end of the second day, this pressure acts on the gravel plug via the same circuit as that described above. The

  Fluid is retained below the watertight insulation seal.

  grit 300 by the cup 390 directed towards the

  bottom of this filling, in the same way as during the

  normal use. To clear the interior space of the train

  20 of the residual suspension, the circulation is then reversed using a clean fluid. This operation is shown in FIG. 5. For the execution of this operation, no movement has to be made in the borehole, the only action that the operator has to perform is the inversion of the direction of the flow. The clean fluid is pumped back to the

  low in the full-walled tube 208 until the circulation

  axial discharge 452 of the grain isolation seal

  300. When the fluid reaches the check valve

  turn 460, the ball 468 rests on the seat 470 of this valve, opposing the downward flow. At this point, the fluid

  own fate of the liner 300 through the circumferential passages

  428 and 428 ', and goes up by crossing the cups 380 and 376 of the packing, which are flattened then

  back through the gravel passages 412 and 412 'in the pass-

  annular inner ring 442 and thence into the annular space

  209 of the solid-walled tubes through the ex-

  440 and 440 '. When the clean fluid returns to the surface, the gravel is finished. It should be noted

  that, under the effect of the pressure of the flow of fluid passing through

  the lateral circulation passages 428 and 428?

  shovel 386 of the liner 300 which is directed upwards

  the return fluid to circulate below the packing.

  300 and that, thanks to this seal and thanks to

  the closing of the ball valve 460, the reverse circulation is effected

  fectue without fluid movement in the area that has just been

gravestone.

  At this stage, the tool train can be raised

  that at the following interesting area 150, which is located in this

  case between the inflatable casing lining 164 and 184.

  The tool train 20 is raised, which retracts the position

  neur anchor 220 and releases this positioner from the tool

  * casing 198. When the tool train 20 is up to

  the next zone, the elastic arms 130 and 130 'of the position

  closing neur 120 do, by the way, fit the shirt 58

  of the lower gravel sleeve 30. The shoulders

  outer diagrams 136 and 136 'facing upwards

  tubing of the elastic arms 130 and 130 'attack the shoulder-

  The upwardly facing annular ring 62 which is formed on the sleeve 58. When the tool train is pulled upwards, the elastic arms 130 and 130 'close the gravel sleeve 30 and, at this point, the shoulders 132. and 132 'meet the constricted portion 42, which tightens the elastic arms 130 and 130' by releasing them from the shoulder 62 of the

  58. At this stage, the seals

  res 76 and 78 frame the grit holes 38 and 38 'insulating tight seal. Arrived at the zone level

  next, the tool train 20 is rotated to the right

  then lowered into the anchoring tool 176. If the

  Inflatable casing assembly 164 located above the upper area has been previously inflated, this final upward movement can determine the opening of the upper gravel sleeve 30, by engaging the sleeve 58 with the elastic arms 100 and 100t of the positioner. 90. If the casing inflatable lining 164 has not been inflated, this packing can be inflated in the same manner as has been described with regard to the lining 184. When

  elastic arms 100 and 100 'have opened the gravel sleeve

  upper 30 by pulling the shirt 58 up, they are released automatically when the central shoulders

  of these arms meet the constricted portion 42, which is effected

  fet to tighten the elastic arms.

  When the anchor positioner 220 attacked the

  If the sealing lining 164 located above the level of this zone is inflated, it is possible to proceed with the graveling in this zone (as described above with respect to the lower zone 152. After the execution of the gravelling of the higher interest zone 150,

  the tool train 20. When exiting the well, the posi-

  closing device attacks all the gravel

  30, thereby guaranteeing the formation of a column

  closed except for the locations of the strainers

  vier. The well can now be put into production after

  performing all other desired operations.

  The graveling operation has been described herein in the form that uses concentric solid wall tubes rising to the surface; however, a crossing apparatus may be placed above the upper extreme zone to grind and repress the fluid of

  up and down by a drill string to this ap-

  the same, the return fluid rermontant in the annular space which surrounds the casing. We can use a crossing device equipped with closing means so that, for the esquiche, we can close the return light

  at the bottom of the borehole instead of on the surface.

  Although the gravel sleeve & opening to-

  tale has been described in a configuration where the operations

  opening and closing are carried out in response to a

  this ascending, it is not limited to this configuration, thanks to the presence of the recess 69 and the shoulder 71 & the lower end of the sleeve 58. This recess allows

  elastic arms of an anchoring positioner in its

  loosened or released (with arms pointing upwards and shoulders facing downwards) to attack the jacket and reopen the gravity sleeve, if necessary, for example to replenish an area of gravel

  later on, or to attack the shirt and

  close & lower position if a grit sleeve was inadvertently opened before inflating the inflatable casing at this level. The central shoulders of the resilient arms of the anchor positioner release the resilient arms in the same manner as

  opening and closing positioners.

  Although the invention has been described in its application

  to some form of realization which has been exposed in

  detail, it goes without saying that the descriptions given in the preface

  are merely illustrative and are not

  restrictions. Reading this presentation, various variances

  devices and operating techniques of the process

  will come to the mind of those skilled in the art. For example, the name

  grit holes can be modified, the fingers

2478,189

  elastics of the shirts and corresponding throats of the oven-

  which are used to lock the liner in posi-

  may be provided in the upper part of the

  put and sheath instead of being provided in their lower part, one can use a flat-fingered shirt skirt provided on their outer surface with grooves suitably

  spaced apart which cooperate with a shoulder protruding radially

  dialing inwards on the sheath to replace the

  elastic finger loop device described, the gaskets

  The annular sealing lips may be housed in grooves formed in the inner surface of the sheath, or the main part of the liner may be secured to the sheath in rotation by splines. These and other amendments can therefore be made to the form of

  described embodiment without it. out of the scope of the invention

tion.

Claims (34)

- CLAIMS -   1.- tool for borehole type jacket valve, characterized in that it comprises: a sheath (32) having an openwork (38), this ajourage can   take two closed positions and one   Verture. 2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a liner (58) which is mounted to slide longitudinally in the sheath (32), the longitudinal movement of the liner determining   opening and closing said opening (38).   3. Tool according to claim 2, characterized   in that said openwork (38) comprises at least one opening   this peripheral (38) formed in the sheath (32) and in the   least one peripheral light (80) in the chimney   I5 is (58) and aligned with the orifice (38) of the sleeve (32)   in the circumferential direction, the orifice (38) and the light   re (80) being juxtaposed in the open position of 1 ajouration.   4. Tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the closed positions of the openwork (32) are obtained when the light (80) of the jacket (58)   and the orifice (38) of the sheath are not juxtaposed.   5. Tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the closed positions of the openwork (38) are obtained when the light (80) of the jacket (58)   is shifted longitudinally either above or below   below the orifice (38) of the sleeve (32).   6. Tool according to claim 5, characterized in that it has locking means (46 to 54,   70) for locking the liner (58) in the positions   in which the light is located or   below, above the orifice (38) of the scabbard   (32), juxtaposed with this orifice.   7. Tool according to claim 6, characterized in that said locking means comprise a elastic ring (70).   8. Tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the elastic ring (70) comprises resilient fingers provided at a first end of the jacket (58) and annular grooves (46, 50, 54) which can cooperate.   with these fingers and arranged in the sheath (32).   Tool according to claim 8, characterized   In that said liner (58) has a shoulder (62) radially inwardly projecting and facing towards the bottom.   10. Tool according to claim 9, characterized   in that the liner (58) has an annular recess   I5 lar (64) located immediately below said shoulder (62) facing down.   11. Tool according to claim 10, characterized   in that the opening of the sheath (32) comprises several   sioirs orifices (38) and in that the liner (58)   takes a number of lights (80) equal to the number of these orifices. 12.A tool of the type of jacket valve, characterized in that it comprises; a sheath (32) in which an openwork (38) is formed; a shirt   (58) mounted in the sleeve (32) to slide longitudinally   tudinalement; the opening (38) being open when the liner (58) is in a central position and being closed, when the liner (58) is in a position   upper and in a lower position.   13. Tool according to claim 12, characterized   in that the opening (38) comprises at least one orifice (38) formed in the sheath (32) and at least one lumen (.80) formed in the liner (58), the central position of the liner aligning with the liner (38). orifice (36) of the sleeve (32) to the light (80) of the jacket (58), the positions   upper and lower part of the sleeve (58) shifting the o-   rifice (38) of the sheath (32) with respect to the light (80) of the liner (58).   14. Tool according to claim 13, characterized   characterized in that it has locking means (46, 54, 70) for locking the jacket (58) in positions in which, respectively, the light (80) is below the orifice ( 38) of the sheath   (32), above this hole or juxtaposed with this t0 this.   15. Tool according to claim 14, characterized in that said locking means comprise an elastic ring (70).   16. Tool according to claim 15, characterized   I5 risé in that the elastic ring {70) comprises clastic fingers provided at one end of the jacket (58) and annular grooves (46, 50, 54) formed in   the sheath (32) and cooperating with these fingers.   17. Tool according to claim 16, characterized   in that the liner (58) has a shoulder (62) projecting radially inwards and facing towards the bottom.   18. Tool according to claim 17, characterized   in that the sleeve (58) has an annular recess   nular (64) immediately below said shoulder   (62) facing down.   12. Tool according to claim 18, characterized   in that the opening (38) of the sleeve (32) comprises a plurality of orifices and in that the sleeve (58) comprises   a number of lights equal to the number of these orifices (33).   20.- Drill tool of the jacket valve type,   characterized in that it comprises: a sheath (32)   sensing a peripheral opening (38); a shirt (58)   disposed in this sleeve to slide longitudinally-   and having a peripheral opening (80), the opening (38) of the sheath communicating with the opening (80) of the liner when the liner (58) is in a central position and being isolated from this opening (80)   when the liner (58) is in a sup- higher or lower.   21. Tool according to claim 20, characterized   characterized in that the opening (38) of the sheath (32) comprises at least one orifice (38) which passes through this sheath and in that the opening (80) of the liner (58) comprises   at least one light (80) passing through this jacket.   22.- Tool according to claim 21, characterized   in that it further comprises a shoulder (62)   provided on the shirt (58) and facing down.   23.- Tool according to claim 22, characterized   I5 rised in that the positions of the liner (58) are changed by placing a positioning tool (90, 120) in engagement with said shoulder (62) and by a shoulder   longitudinal position of the positioning tool (90, 120).   24.- Tool according to claim 23, characterized   in that said positioning tool (90, 120) comprises at least one elastic arm (102, 120), this arm   elastic engaging with said shoulder (62).   25.- Tool according to claim 21, characterized   in that it also includes locking means   lage (46, 50, 54, 70) for locking the shirt (58) in each of his positions.   26.- Tool according to claim 25, characterized   in that said locking means comprise   elastic fingers (70) directed outwards pre-   seen on the shirt (58) and grooves (46, 50, 54) merited   in the sheath (32), intended to cooperate with the elastic fingers <70) and which respectively correspond to   at different positions of the shirt (58).   27.- Tool according to claim 26, characterized   in that it further comprises sealing members 27q 1? upper (74) and lower (76) surrounding the jacket (58) above and below the openwork (80) of this jacket.   28.- Tool according to claim 27, characterized   in that it further comprises a plurality of additional sealing members which surround said jacket   (58), the first (72) of these additional sealing members   being disposed above said sealing member   higher (74) at a distance from these members (72) which IO is at least greater than the height of the openwork (38)   of the sheath (32), another (78) of these sealing members   an additional distance being disposed below said lower sealing member (76) at a distance from said member (76) at least greater than the height of the opening (38) I5 of the sleeve (32).   29.- Tool according to claim 28, characterized   in that said first additional sealing member   (72) and said upper sealing member (74) frame the opening (38) of the sleeve (32) in said   lower position; said sealing members   (74) and lower (76) frame the opening (38) of the sleeve (32) in said median position; and said lower sealing member (76) and said second additional sealing member (78) frame   (38) of the sleeve (32) in said upper position.   30.- Tool according to claim 29, characterized   in that the liner (58) has a shoulder (71) projecting radially inwards and facing towards   the top, above which is foreseen an annul- re (69).   31.- Tool according to claim 30, characterized   in that said liner (58) can be moved downward from its upper position or its   average position by applying a force to that   (71) facing upward.   32.- Tool according to claim 31, characterized   in that it constitutes a gravel sleeve (30).   33.- Tool according to claim 31, characterized   risé in that it is constituted by a cementation sleeve. 34.A method of using a borehole tool comprising a sheath (32) and a jacket (58) arranged to slide in this sheath, this sheath and this shirt each having an opening (36, 80) which passes through its wall, this method being characterized in that aligning the perforations (38, 80) by a displacement   longitudinal of the liner (58); and we isolate the   (38, 80) from one another by a longitudinal movement   I5 dinal consecutive shirt (58) in the same direction.   35. The process according to claim 34, wherein   characterized in that the direction of said longitudinal movement is the ascending sense.   36.- A method of using a borehole tool which comprises a sheath (32), a jacket (58) slidably disposed in this sheath and an openwork (38, 80), this method being characterized in that the openwork (38, 80) is opened by a longitudinal displacement of the liner (58) and the openwork (38, 80) is closed by a longitudinal displacement of the liner (58) in the same direction.   37. The process according to claim 36, wherein   characterized in that said direction of said longitudinal movement is the ascending sense.   38. Method of using a gravel sleeve   characterized in that the sleeve of   gravel (30) by applying a longitudinal force   and close the gravel sleeve by applying the   tion of a longitudinal force exerted in the same direction.