FR2477375A1 - Compsns. for elimination of ants - contg. insecticide with citral or citronellal as attractant - Google Patents

Abstract

Insecticidal compositions of particular use against ants, contains (a) an insecticide having a strong residual action and is a carbamate, cycloaliphatic derivative, phosphoric ester or chloroaliphatic derivative, (b) a citral or citronellal synthetic attractant, (c) a natural pyrethrin or synthetic pyrethroid, (d) piperonyl butoxide as synergist, and (e) propellant solvents, auxiliaries and/or powdered supports. The presence of the attractant (b) makes these compositions very much more effective.

Description

 The invention relates to an insecticidal composition which takes advantage of the specific attractive effect which certain chemical substances exert on insects, and in the particular case on ants, by combining, in a single composition, this action and that, essential, of 'insecticide, brought by the most common and best known insecticide compounds such as phosphoric esters, carbamates, etc ... with high residual efficiency.

 The composition which is the subject of the invention consists consequently of a chemical attraction, citral or citronellal, of one or more compounds with strong residual action of an agent called "flush'l having an effect mobilizing on insects, in addition to favorable auxiliary components of the formula, constituted by an inert support if the product is in powder and suitable solvents as well as propellants if the product is in aerosol form.

 In the composition which is the subject of the invention, does the attractive or appealing effect mentioned have the main function of "carrying" or directing the insect on a determined route? on which the insecticide is disseminated at the same time, so that it is contaminated by direct contact, or at least in order to neutralize the repulsion or the alarm that the presence of the insectic; Lde generally exerts on a colony insects in motion, thus preventing it from moving away and consequently away from the usual route on which the insecticide was distributed.

The explanation of the effect of these synthetic chemicals is that this effect is analogous to that from which it sometimes derives, which is exerted by what are called feromones, substances produced and secreted by a large number of insects, whose sensitivity and selectivity is very high, with various functions, of sexual attraction, mainly depending on mating. or also alarm or presence signals, or guidance, for example to food.

 Feromones are endowed with great volatility; they are easily dispersed in the air and can therefore be received even at long distances, up to a few hundred meters, - by chemoreceptor organs, in particular those located in the antennae of individuals of the same species . The sensitivity or reception limit of the odorous molecules constituting the E feromones is very high and, in certain cases, can reach values of the order of 10-14 g.

These properties of chemical substances produced by the insects themselves, the biological activity and the specificity of which are very high, can be used advantageously in practice for combating the insects themselves and limiting their diffusion.

 We know in the field of disinfestation of crops in agricultural work, practical applications of feromones that are generally used as apptts to attract and concentrate in large numbers of harmful insects in a point or in an area where it is easy to eliminate them en masse by means of drastic interventions such as fire, or massive doses, applied locally with appropriate powerful insecticides.

 In other cases, the attractive effect of feromones is exploited only as an indirect means to control and limit the reproduction of a species of insects, by diverting the males from the free females in nature while awaiting the coupling. .

Obviously, given the scarcity of natural feromones available, science has sought, using refined and sophisticated analytical techniques, to isolate and identify the main components of feromones clipped by some of the most harmful insects with the idea of them reproduce in the laboratory by synthesis and then use them in practical applications instead of natural products.

However, this research encountered significant difficulties due to the fact that the biological activity of natural feromones is rather complex and is linked to various factors. It appears due to the action not of a single one, but of several substances at the same time, present in particular relationships, and is moreover a function of specific isomeric structures of the substances concerned: it can moreover be reduced or canceled by the presence, in minimal quantities) of other foreign substances or impurities.

 The 1970s saw a notable development in the study and analysis of feromones and in the synthesis of chemical substances, components identified in the natural secretions of different species of insects, which can exert different actions, that is to say sexual attraction , either of call or alarm towards the individuals, mules and females, of a determined species, while passing by what quton calls a "chemical message".

A whole series of substances of this kind, or "chemical messengers" with specific action against different species of insect pests, are currently on the market. Palamai them we can quote the citral and the lemongrass, which according to information provided by the literature, exert an effect of call on the most common species of ants and which correspond respectively to

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Citral: mixture of the cis and trans isomers of 3-7-dimethsl-octadienal

Citronellal: 3-7-dimethyl-6-octenal
The action of one of these synthetic compounds, citral, introduced into an insecticide composition in the form of either powder or aerosol, containing insecid substances with strong residual action such as phosphoric esters, carbamates or chloroaliphatics, an agent called "flush" with mobilizing action, based on pyrethrum or synthetic pyrethrin, associated with a product with advantageous synergistic effect (piperonyl butoxide) in addition to various auxiliary products (talc or kaolin in powder, and the most common solvents and propellants in aerosol), has been experimentally evaluated in direct application tests against ants.

For the aerosol product, the following standard composition (liquid phase) was used for the execution of the practical tests:
Pyrethrum extract 25% 0.4%
Piperonyl butoxide 0.5%
3endiocarb R liq. 10 so 5%
Methylene chloride 50%
Solvent ** c3.8% + Bendicarb is 2-2-dimethyl-1, 3-benzodioxol-4-yl-N-
methyl carbamate, the brand being registered by Cooper USA.

the solvent is one. mixture of light aliphatic hydrocarbons,
with a chain length of 8 to 12 carbon atoms.

This basic formula, added with 0.3% citral and an appropriate amount of propellant, was put into standard aerosol cans.

 The tests were carried out on nests and lines of individuals belonging to the Lasius Niger species, one of the most common ants of those that infest the urban environment. The treatment with the product was carried out by spraying the nest near the opening for about 5 seconds and at the same time treating the lines of ants in motion over a length of one meter.

 Observations of the behavior of the insects were carried out after 10 minutes, one hour, twenty-four hours and daily until the mommertoù one could note the reappearance of the ants in a constant measure. It was found that the product had an attractive attractive effect on the ants, however limited in time, which could be attributed to the presence of citral.

To verify this fact, we decided to spray an area located at a distance of 15 cm from the usual route of ants and we observed for a few hours a deviation of these insects with exploration of the treated areas.

 The consequence of this attraction action is to make contamination more likely and easier by contact with the insecticide product and consequently a greater and more direct effectiveness of the insecticide itself towards the insect that one wants. combat.

Claims (3)

CATI ONS REVENOI  10) insect.cide composition intended in particular for fighting ants and also exerting an attraction effect towards -l'ectect, characterized in that it comprises in combination A) a highly resistant insecticidal substance dual type of carbamates, cycloaliphatic derivatives, phosphoric esters, aliphatic chloro derivatives 3) a synthetic compound having an effect of at  tirance, of the citral type. or citronellal, C) an agent called "flush" with mobilizing action,  of the natural pyrethrum extract, or synthetic pyrethrum type,  D) a tynergisffu agent of the buto type  piperonyl xyde, and  E) propellant solvents, auxiliary products  and / or powdered supports.  20) Insecticidal composition according to claim 1, presented in the form of an aerosol, characterized in that it consists of  A) a highly resistant insecticidal substance  dual of one of the following types: a) carbamate at a concentration of 0.1 to 2%, preferably 0.3 to 0.5%  b) cycloaliphatic derivative, in particular 3-phenoxy-benzyl-ciswtrans (+) 2-2-dimethhl-3- (2,2-dichloronitrile) - cyclopropane-1-carboxylate, at a concentration of 0.1 to 1%, preferably 0.2-0.4% c) phosphoric ester, in particular 5 (1-2 dicarboxy-ethyl) -0-O-dimethyl-phosphorus-disulfate, at a concentration of 1 to 10%, preferably 4 to 5% d) chloro-aliphatic derivative, in particular 1,1-dichloro-2,? - bis (p-ethyl-phenyl) ethane at a concentration of 1 to 10%, preferably 4 to 5%.  B) a synthetic compound with an attraction effect, in particular  a) citral at the concentration of 0.1 to 5 ode preferably from 0.2 to 0.4% or b) citronellal, at the concentration of 0.1 to 5 fov preferably from 0.2 to 0.4%.  C) an agent called "flush" with mobilizing action, of the type  a) natural pyrethrum extract at 25% at a concentration of 0.1 to 0.6% (corresponding to concentrations of 0.025 to 0.15% in pyrethrin at 100%), or b) synthetic pyrethroid, in particular bioalletrine at a concentration of 0.025 to 0.15%. D) a synergistic agent in particular piperonyl butoxide, at concentrations of 0.125 to 0.75%. E) propellant solvents, auxiliary products in sufficient quantity to complete the formula to 100. 30) Powder insecticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of  A) a high-action insecticidal substance residual of one of the following types a) carbamate, at a concentration of 1 to 2% of preferably from 0.5 to 0.75%,  b) cycloaliphatic derivative, in particular 3-phenoxy-benzyl-cis-trans (+) 2,2-dimethyl-3- (2, 2-dichloronitrile) cyclopropano-1-carboxylate, at a concentration of 0.1 to 1 of preferably 0.2 to 0.4%  c) phosphoric ester, in particular S (1,2dicarboxy-ethyl) -O-O-dimethyl-phosphoro-disulfate, at a concentration of 1 to 10%; preferably 4 to 5% ;;;  d) chloro-aliphatic derivative, in particular 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-ethyl-phenyl) -ethane at the concentration of 1 Q 10%, preferably from 4 to 5%.  3) a synthetic compound with an attraction effect,  in particular a) citral, at the concentration of 0.1 to 5, preferably 0.2 to 0.4%, or b) citronellal, at the concentration of 0.1 to 5, preferably 0.2 to 0.4;  C) an agent called "flush" with mobilizing action, like  a) natural pyrethrum extract at 25% at a concentration of 0.1 to 1% (corresponding to concentrations of 0.025 to 0.25% of pyrethrin at 100 o), or b) synthetic pyrethroid, in particular bioalletrine at the concentration from 0.025 to 0.25% 0.  D) A synergistic agent, in particular  the piperonyl oxide target at a concentration of 0.125 to 1.25%. E) A powder support, in particular talc, kaolin, bentonite and thinning agents, in particular colloidal silica and silicates, in an amount sufficient to complete the formula to 100.