FR2461689A1

FR2461689A1 - Jig for carrying porcelain plates etc. during baking in kiln - where jigs consist of stacks of rings and supports with low overall wt.

Info

Publication number: FR2461689A1
Application number: FR7919003A
Authority: FR
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1979-07-24
Filing date: 1979-07-24
Publication date: 1981-02-06

Abstract

The jig consists of a ring (a), on which a support (b) rests while being free to expand or contract. The plate, or other porcelain object which is to be baked, is placed on the support (b). Ring (a) is pref. provided with grooves on both its top and bottom edges, so that it can be laid flat on either edge; and the grooves in the top edge are used to locate lugs on a support (b). The grooves on the bottom edge of each ring do not receive lugs on the support and thus assist heat exchange (i.e. gas flow) in the kiln. Vertical stacks are made from the jigs (a,b) to form a vertical stack of the plates being baked. For example, a stack of jigs previously used had a total wt. of 2540 kg, which was reduced to only 1700 kg by using the invention. This means that much less heat is wasted in heating the jigs.

Description

La présente invention concerne des perfectionnements apportés aux supports utilisés pour la cuisson objets, tels qu'assiettes, en porcelaine. The present invention relates to improvements made to the supports used for cooking objects, such as plates, in porcelain.

En vue de luur cuisson, les assiettes en porcelaine sont placées, dans le four, sur des supports consistant en des plateaux réalisés en un matériau réfractaire, très généralement en carbure de silicium. Chaque assiette est placée sur un plateau et les plateaux sont empile s en "files" constituées généralement d'un nombre important de plateaux pouvant aller jusqu'à la trentaine et même plus.Chaque plateau pouvant être celui de base, supportant, pendant la cuisson, le poids de toute la file, on est amené à leur conférer un dimensionnement les rendant très résistants, ce qui rend considérableleur poids, ce dernier pouvant aller jusqu'à 2,500kg, alors que I'assiette qu'ils reçoivent ne pèse que 450 g environ. n s'agit donc d'un matériel en quelque sorte "surabondant" du point de vue de son poids, donc coûteux étant donné le court du matériau dont il est constitué. For cooking purposes, the porcelain plates are placed, in the oven, on supports consisting of trays made of a refractory material, very generally made of silicon carbide. Each plate is placed on a tray and the trays are stacked in "files" generally made up of a large number of trays which can go up to their thirties and even more. Each tray can be the basic one, supporting during cooking , the weight of the whole line, we are led to give them a size that makes them very resistant, which makes their weight considerable, the latter being able to go up to 2,500 kg, while the plate they receive weighs only 450 g approx. It is therefore a kind of "overabundant" material from the point of view of its weight, therefore expensive given the shortness of the material of which it is made.

En outre, ces supports sont d'une seule pièce, ce qui présente deux sortes dtinconvénient. D'abord en ce qui concerneles contraintes mécaniques auxquelles ils sont soumis, qui contrarient leurs libres dilatation et retrait pendant les différentes phases de la cuisson. Ensuite, leur épaisseur ntétant pas, au surplus, uniforme en tous points, dilatation et retrait provoquent, à la longue, des dégradations se traduisant par des fentes et des amorces de rupture. Il s'ensuit que des parcelles du matériau réfractaire, tel que carbure de silicium, dont ils sont constitués, se détachentet tombent, en sty fixant, sur l'assiette placée en-dessous du support dégradé, la rendant impropre à 1 1utilisation ou lui enlevant une grande partie de sa valeur marchande. In addition, these supports are in one piece, which has two kinds of drawbacks. First with regard to the mechanical stresses to which they are subjected, which interfere with their free expansion and shrinkage during the different phases of cooking. Then, their thickness not being, moreover, uniform in all points, expansion and shrinkage cause, in the long run, degradations resulting in cracks and incipient fractures. It follows that patches of the refractory material, such as silicon carbide, of which they are made, detach and fall, sty fixing, on the plate placed below the degraded support, making it unfit for use or use. removing much of its market value.

Enfin, outre que le rapport : poids du support/produit supporté est très important, donc defavorable, la "compacité" et l'importance de l'empilage réalise au moyen des supports connus absorbe une partie non négligeable des calories qui doivent être utilisées pour la cuisson, tout en ne favorisant guère les échanges thermiques dans le four de cuisson. Finally, in addition to the fact that the ratio: weight of the support / supported product is very important, and therefore unfavorable, the "compactness" and the amount of stacking carried out by means of known supports absorbs a non-negligible part of the calories which must be used for cooking, while hardly promoting heat exchange in the cooking oven.

Les perfectionnements apportés par l'invention permettent d'éliminer tous les inconvénients présentes par les plateaux-supports classiques. The improvements brought about by the invention make it possible to eliminate all the drawbacks present by conventional support plates.

Conformément à l'invention, le support, au lieu d'être monobloc est en deux pièces : une pièce en forme de couronne, constituant le support proprement dit; et un plateau, sur lequel est placée l'assiette, plateau qui vient s'adapter librement sur son support. According to the invention, the support, instead of being a single piece, is in two parts: a piece in the shape of a crown, constituting the support itself; and a tray, on which the plate is placed, a tray which freely adapts to its support.

Egalement conformément à l'invention, la pièce en forme de couronne comporte, à la périphérie de chacun de ses bords, supérieur et inférieur, des encoches destinées à recevoir des pattes ou saillies de fixation que comporte le plateau en vue de son adaptation sur la couronne support. Also in accordance with the invention, the piece in the form of a crown comprises, at the periphery of each of its edges, upper and lower, notches intended to receive fixing lugs or projections which the plate comprises for its adaptation to the support crown.

Ces encoches sont en nombre correspondant à celui des pattes ou saillies que présente le plateau et sont réparties suivant la même configuration que ces saillies. Celles d'entre elles qui ne reçoivent pas les saillies du plateau-support constituent autant d'ouvertures, favorisant les échanges thermiques dans l'ensemble contenant l'objet soumis à la cuisson. These notches are in number corresponding to that of the legs or projections that the plate has and are distributed in the same configuration as these projections. Those of them which do not receive the projections of the support plate constitute as many openings, promoting thermal exchanges in the assembly containing the object subjected to cooking.

Les divers caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description, qui va suivre, d'unede ses formes possibles de réalisation . The various characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows of one of its possible embodiments.

Il est bien précisé qutil s'agit uniquement d'un exemple et que toutes autres formes, proportions et dispositions pourraient être adoptées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is clearly stated that this is only an example and that all other forms, proportions and arrangements could be adopted without departing from the scope of the invention.

Au cours de cette description, on se réfère au dessin ci-joint sur lequel
la figure 1 est une vue en plan de la couronne-support;
la figure 2 est une coupe suivant II-II de la figure 1;
la figure 3 est une vue, analogue à la figure 1, du plateau;
la figure 4 est une coupe suivant IV-IV de la figure 3;
la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'un empilage de plateaux-supports suivant l'invention. During this description, reference is made to the attached drawing on which
Figure 1 is a plan view of the support ring;
Figure 2 is a section along II-II of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a view, similar to Figure 1, of the tray;
Figure 4 is a section along IV-IV of Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a sectional view of a stack of support plates according to the invention.

Conformément à l'invention, le support pour la cuisson d'objets tels qu'assiettes, en porcelaine, est constitue de deux parties
-une couronne ,représentée aux figures 1 et 2
- et un plateau d, représenté aux figures 3 et 4, qui est conformé, comme connu en soi, de façon à recevoirune assiette (non représentde). According to the invention, the support for cooking objects such as plates, made of porcelain, consists of two parts
-a crown, shown in Figures 1 and 2
- And a tray d, shown in Figures 3 and 4, which is shaped, as known per se, so as to receive a plate (not shown).

La couronne a présente, ménagées à sa périphérie, des encoches al sur son bord supérieur, a2 sur son bord inférieur. Ces encoches, qui sont identiques, sont destinées à recevoir, en vue du montage sur la couronne du plateau b, des pattes dtappuibl réguli èrement réparties sur la périphérie de ce plateau. Les encoches a et a2 sontréparties suivant la même configuration. La couronne et ses encoches étant réversibles, celles des encoches qui ne reçoivent pas les pattes du plateau constituent autant de carneaux établissant dans l'ensemble constitué par ltenfilage des supports, une circulation favori sant les Bchanges thermiques, favorable à une cuisson optimale des assiettes placées dans cet ensemble. The crown has present, formed at its periphery, notches al on its upper edge, a2 on its lower edge. These notches, which are identical, are intended to receive, for mounting on the crown of the tray b, dtappuibl tabs regularly distributed over the periphery of this tray. The notches a and a2 are distributed according to the same configuration. The crown and its notches being reversible, those of the notches which do not receive the legs of the plate constitute as many flues establishing in the assembly constituted by the threading of the supports, a favorite circulation sant thermal Bchanges, favorable to an optimal cooking of the plates placed in this set.

Les dimensions respectives des encoches et des pattes d'appui du plateau quelles reçoivent sont choisies de façon à/permettre et à permettre au plateau une libre dilatation etun retrait sans conséquence pour la cohésion de l'ensemble, ceci durant toutes les phases de la cuisson. The respective dimensions of the notches and of the support legs of the tray which they receive are chosen so as to / allow and allow the tray free expansion and a withdrawal without consequence for the cohesion of the assembly, this during all the phases of cooking. .

Les dispositions adoptées conformément à l'invention pour la constitution en deux pièces ai support, ont pour conséquence que le plateau ne subit qu'unie contrainte de poids très faible, provenant uniquement du poids de l'assiette qu'il reçoit. The provisions adopted in accordance with the invention for the constitution of two pieces have support, have the consequence that the plate undergoes only a very low weight constraint, coming solely from the weight of the plate it receives.

On peut donc donner au plateau une épaisseur faible, ce qui conduit à un plateau de faible poids, par exemple 700 g environ. Le plateau peut, dans ces conditions, être réalisé dans un matériau de très bonne tenue au feu, mais cependant coûteux ("Chrystar" par exemple). It is therefore possible to give the plate a small thickness, which leads to a plate of low weight, for example around 700 g. The plate can, under these conditions, be made of a material with very good fire resistance, but nevertheless expensive ("Chrystar" for example).

Par voie de conséquence, on peut gagner du poids pour la couronne, et en définitive on obtient un ensemble considérablement plus léger que les supports connus (par exemple 1, 700 kg au lieu de Z, 540 kg), cet important gain de poids réduisant, toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs, de façon considérable le court du support et entraidant - ce qui est fort intéressant -une diminution non négligeable des calories nécessaires pour la cuisson, donc de lténergie pour obtenir ces calories. As a result, we can gain weight for the crown, and ultimately we obtain a considerably lighter assembly than the known supports (for example 1, 700 kg instead of Z, 540 kg), this significant weight gain reducing , all other things being equal, considerably short the support and helping - which is very interesting - a significant reduction in the calories required for cooking, therefore the energy to obtain these calories.

Bien entendu, l'invention ntest en aucune façon limitée à la forme de réalisation décrite et représentée, mais peut donner lieu àde nombreuses variantes touchant notamment les encoches de la couronne > leur forme, leur répartition en fonction de la configuration - fort variable - des pattes de fixation du plateau. Enfin l'invention s'applique bien entendu, aux supports destinés à recevoir, non seulement des assiettes, mais tous autres objets analogues en porcelaine, soumis à cuisson. Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described and shown, but can give rise to numerous variants notably affecting the notches of the crown> their shape, their distribution according to the configuration - highly variable - of the plate fixing lugs. Finally, the invention obviously applies to the supports intended to receive, not only plates, but all other similar porcelain objects, subjected to firing.

Claims

1) Support for cooking objects such as plates, porcelain, characterized in that it is in two parts: a piece in the shape of a crown, constituting the support itself, and a tray, on which the plate is placed, tray which comes to adapt freely on its support.

2) Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the piece in the form of a crown comprises> at the periphery of each due its upper and lower edge5, notches intended to receive lugs or fixing projections which the plate comprises for its adaptation on the support crown.

3) Support according to claim 2, characterized in that the notches presented by the crown are in number corresponding to that of the legs or projections that the plate has and are repar rties in the same configuration as these projections.

4) Support according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that those of the notches of the crown which do not receive the projections of the support plate constitute as many openings, promoting heat exchanges in the whole containing the object subjected to cooking.

5) Support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective dimensions of the notches and of the tabs or projections which they receive are chosen so as to allow them and to allow the plate free expansion and withdrawal without consequence for the cohesion of the whole, this during all phases of cooking.

6) Support according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two parts which constitute it are relatively light weight sampling.