FI98489C - Sauna ventilation system - Google Patents

Description

98489 SAUNA VENTILATION SYSTEM

The invention relates to a sauna ventilation system which is attached to a heater as one of its integral parts. If necessary, the ventilation-5 system of the sauna includes e.g. humidification and after-ventilation systems and heat exchanger systems with heat recovery from the exhaust air and heat transfer to the supply air.

Sauna air quality plays an important role in creating good lo-10 ly enjoyment conditions during a bath. Ventilation also removes moisture generated in the sauna, which does not drain into the sewer. The heater is dimensioned with the individual heating and bath conditions of each sauna in mind. Suitable air quality and the desired air temperature must be able to be achieved in a sufficiently short time. In this case, the power of the heater has to be dimensioned “Ύ5”. Therefore, electric heaters throughout the electricity: '·; the power peak caused by the production and distribution system is large e.g.

during sauna hours on weekends. Usually sauna air

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'change and dehumidification have to be adjusted manually during sauna time • i · • · * and during firing time. In addition, the basic ventilation of the sauna is adjusted manually: ** with the help of Z0 valves after the sauna has dried between sessions.

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Usually the sauna is heated by an electric or wood-heated stove.

IM • · ’·: · * There are also gas and oil fired stoves. Similarly, the market r

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/ is a wood and / or electrically heated stove. Electric heaters are divided into 'storage heaters', which are thermally insulated and openable with constantly open baths, or continuously heated heaters, which are the most common of the electric heaters.

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The continuously heated electric heater is started before bathing and the temperature of the sauna is kept thermostatically controlled throughout the bathing time. The operation of the heater can also be controlled with a clock switch or 5 remote controls.

Continuously heated stoves are the most common of wood stoves. They are heated continuously throughout the bath. In addition, there are also disposable heaters that are heated before bathing. These heaters 10 cannot be heated during sauna time. Disposable heaters are also divided into flue and flue-free heaters. The flue-free stove is used in a smoke sauna. There is also an intermediate form of flue-free and flue-heating stove on the market, which can be used like a smoke sauna or as an out-heating stove of your choice.

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The problem with a continuously heated electric heater is the high power demand, especially in the early stages of heating. For electrically heated saunas: ventilation is often compromised in order to save power and energy per sauna. Hot exhaust air can bind a large amount of moisture • <· 'i2Ö. When the ventilation of the sauna is connected directly to the ventilation duct of the other part of the building, moisture condenses on the walls of the ventilation duct without cooling the long duct. As the pipes get wet, the flow conditions of the mold growth in the air conditioning system improve.

• · • · · • · • £ 5 Sauna ventilation system with exhaust air heats the supply air

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'by means of a heat exchanger is known from DE 2602361.

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It discloses a finned tube heat exchanger having an exhaust air cell connected to the front of the exhaust air duct and a supply air cell between the supply air duct and the heater. Heat is transferred from the exhaust air to the supply air by means of a circulating pipe system and a pumping system.

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The cells are located separately from each other, but are connected together by water circulation piping for heat transfer with fixed or flexible connections. The exhaust air duct is additionally equipped with a duct fan in the publication.

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The system according to DE 2602361 requires separate heat recovery and transfer cells which are difficult to place in the sauna space, a liquid piping between the cells and a pump system for circulating the liquid. Even temporarily, the water cannot withstand temperatures well above 100 degrees Celsius at 10 normal atmospheric pressures.

Otherwise, the system must be constructed in accordance with the pressure resistance requirements. At low outdoor temperatures, the cell after the supply air duct can freeze, making the risk of water damage obvious.

The object of the present invention is to improve the ventilation of electrically heated saunas in particular, but also of other saunas, and to recover the energy from the exhaust air of the sauna to the supply air. At the same time,

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. ' ·; to reduce the power demand of the heater and to reduce the air

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With the aid of the invention, the quality of the steam and the after-ventilation of the sauna, as well as t «»

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air humidity conditions.

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• · · »f? '· The integrated stove and ventilation system do not take up significantly more floor space than traditional stoves. Separate fluid piping • 4 * ’*; 25 and pumps for heat recovery and delivery are not required.

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The built-in system is easy to build in a safe, easy way

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for maintenance and use. With the system according to the invention, the ventilation and heating of the sauna works optimally in the desired way.

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The power requirement of the heater is reduced due to the heat recovery according to the invention. Ventilation heat recovery can be constructed, for example, so that the power required by the heater is reduced by about 10 ... 15%. In this case, the need for simultaneous electricity generation capacity 5 for 400,000 heaters decreases by 280 ... 420 MW if the average power of the heaters is 7 kW per electric heater, when there is no heat recovery per heater and the sauna supply air is unheated outdoor air.

The invention is based on a ventilation system built into a heater, to which the inlet of the sauna and the exhaust air ducts are connected, if necessary, provided with a heat exchanger with heat recovery and transfer. The ventilation system may additionally include a humidification and recirculation system, condensate drainage, inlet and outlet fan, actuators and automation.

More specifically, the sauna ventilation system built into the heater according to the invention is characterized by what is • I '; set out in the characterizing part of claim 1.

lii ’· ‘20 The invention provides considerable advantages.

• ♦ · '4 4 · * ·., According to the present invention, built into the heater, the sauna air »» * v; the exchange system is simple and easy to use. The invention * "* · 'improves the ventilation of the sauna and preheats the exhaust air with the supply air.” 25 The invention reduces the power requirement of the heater, saves energy and enables a sufficient level of fresh air, adjusts the bath time «tl

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moisture balance and dry ventilation to help sauna structures rot and reduce moisture damage, and reduce the humidity nuisance of the ventilation system in the rest of the building.

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The invention is described in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a continuously heated electric heater and a ventilation system 5 built into it in a vertical section and seen from the side.

Figure 2 shows an alternative arrangement of the supply and exhaust air connections and the storage type of the stove and the ventilation system 10 built into it, viewed vertically in cross-section and from the side.

In these figures, the upper part consists of the actual heater body 1, the heat storage mass 23, the thermal insulators 24, the heating resistors 2 and the necessary regulating and control units 3. A heat exchanger 4 is installed in the lower part of the heater. out and further mixing with hot • •• 20 air streams in the heater and / or above the heater.

• · * • · • · • ·. The exhaust air 9 is taken from the lower part of the sauna space to the heat recovery systems, where the air, after transferring its heat energy in the heat recovery to the supply air, the exhaust air 9 is led along the exhaust air duct 10 to another ventilation system in the building. With this arrangement, it is possible to • t <', even out the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the sauna. The moisture 13 condensing from the exhaust air of the sauna is drained along the water pipe 12 directly into the sewer 14 of the sauna room. The thermostats 18 are used to control and:] '··; monitoring the temperature of the heater and the hot air flow leaving the heater.

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If necessary, in order to balance the temperature and humidity of the sauna air and to keep it as desired, recirculated air 20 is suitably mixed with the supply air. The amount of recirculated air is controlled by valves 21 with actuators.

5 Humidity sensors 15 are available for the humidity control and monitoring of the sauna during the bath, as well as for the monitoring of post-ventilation and drying. After the bath time of the sauna, during the post-ventilation time, the air valves 16 and the fan devices 10 are suitably adjusted by means of their actuators and control unit.

The ventilation section can be equipped with the necessary exhaust and supply air fans 17, if the ventilation system of the stove is not connected to the ventilation system of the rest of the building but acts as its own air conditioning service area 15. The ventilation volume, supply and exhaust air ratio and the amount of recirculated air in the supply air can be adjusted to the needs of each sauna room by changing the speed of the exhaust and / or supply air fan and / or by adjusting the supply and / or exhaust air valves and \. ·; recirculated air control devices.

•• 20 • · • · · • · 'Ventilation equipment can be equipped with air filtration equipment 22 • ·: to remove contaminants from the air before transferring it to the stove «* · • J; and off the stove.

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In lighter solutions, heat recovery can also be increased

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‘. omitted, in which case the ventilation of the sauna is controlled in a controlled manner by other devices, but heat cannot be recovered and moisture cannot be removed before the air is led to the exhaust air system of the building, or if V ·! the sauna operates as its own air conditioning service area before the air is led out.

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The above are three solution options for a ventilation system built into an electrically heated heater. The ventilation system can also be built on a heater heated with solid, gaseous or liquid fuel.

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All of the above types of heaters can be equipped with the aforementioned equipment, which is generally known per se, or only a part of them, according to the efficiency needs of each sauna and energy use.

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Claims (10)

98489 8 A sauna ventilation system equipped with a heat exchanger-5 apparatus, characterized in that the heat exchanger (4) is attached to the heater (1) as an integral part thereof. In the heat exchanger (4), the supply air (6) is preheated by the exhaust air (9), whereby the average power required for the stove (1) can be reduced. Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an apparatus for collecting condensate (13) and directing it to the drain (14). Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that a supply air duct (5) with valves (16) and dampers (25) and their operating, control and programming devices (3) is provided for receiving supply air for the sauna space in the lower part of the heater, and to continue to the top of the heater and from there to the heater: * · to the hot air stream above (8). Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with valves (16) and dampers (25) • · · «· · V: and an exhaust air duct (10) provided with operating devices (3) for taking the exhaust air (9) from the sauna space close to the floor level and for directing • · * · · [•• 25 out of the sauna space. Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a supply and / or exhaust air fan (17) for ventilating the sauna. 30 9 98489 Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the supply and / or exhaust air openings are provided with filtering devices (22) for removing air contaminants. Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the desired amount of saw circulating air (20) can be mixed into the supply air by means of adjustable valves (21) and dampers (25) and their actuators to maintain the desired humidity and temperature of the sauna air (8). Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a humidity detection device (15) and a control unit (3) for automatically ventilating the sauna according to the moisture content of the sauna air. 15 Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a supply air humidification device (19) and a humidity measuring device (15). Ventilation system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the heat recovery system forms part of the heater body (1), the body of the heat recovery cells (4), the dampers (25) and the «« ·; by means of air ducts (7). • ♦ • · • · · • · ♦ • · 1 «'4