FI93468B - The use of diamides as plasticizers in detergent compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

Detergent compositions capable of providing through-the-wash softeness and other fabric-care benefits are disclosed, which contain specific polyamide softening agents.

Description

93468

This invention relates to the use of certain diamides as plasticizers in detergent compositions.

The diamides used according to the invention have excellent softening properties during washing and in addition provide improved fabric care properties such as antistatic, anti-wrinkle, ease of ironing, good color fastness and wool non-wicking.

Designers of fabric care compositions have long sought substances that can simultaneously wash and soften fabrics. Among the various approaches to the subject are methods in which clay plasticizers or amine materials, or both, are used together, as disclosed, for example, in DE patents 29 64 114, 28 57 16, 24 39 541, 23 34 899 and EP patents 0 026. 528 and 0 028 432.

Amines have been used in combination with soaps (GB Patent 1,514,276), fatty acids (EP-A-133 804) or phosphate esters (EP-A-168 889) as active plasticizers during washing.

However, the formation of emollient detergent compositions effective during washing can be associated with compatibility problems, often due to immiscibility between the individual components (e.g., between peroxyacid bleaches and emollients).

Carboxamides have been used as antistatic agents in industrial textile processing (DE patent 30 43 618) and N-alkyl isostearamides as antistatic agents in laundry use (FR patent 2,531,447). JP Patent Publication J5 8144-175-A discloses the industrial treatment of textiles with cationic plasticizers and ethoxylated fatty acid amides.

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93468 2

Alkoxylated fatty acid amides are known as surfactants (EP 0 000 595) and viscosity regulators (EP 0 112 719).

DE-A-19 59 007 deals with the use of mono-5 ethanolamide as a plasticizer. DE-A-33 10 417 discloses the use of fatty acid diethanolamides as antistatic / anti-yellowing agents.

None of the above documents include the use of the specific amines of this invention in emollient detergent compositions.

The use according to the invention achieves increased flexibility, especially when using peroxyacid bleach compounds.

It has now been found that, more specifically, the use of 15 classes of certain amines as fabric softeners in detergent compositions provides excellent results in both fabric cleaning and softening as well as "fabric care properties" possibly in conjunction with peroxyacid bleaches.

The invention relates to the use of a diamide as a softening agent in detergent compositions, which diamide is selected from the group consisting of i) diamides of the formula 25 R. 0 0 Rq

Il II // 3 N - C - C - N

R 1, R 4, R 4 wherein R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 are cocoalkyl or tallow alkyl groups, and ii) diamides of formula R. O O R 0

Wherein R 1, R 2 / R 3 and R 4 are coconut alkyl or tallow alkyl groups, R 5 is selected from the group consisting of alk (en) -yl groups containing 1-10 carbon atoms, aryl groups, substituted aryl groups, heteroaromatic groups, substituted heteroaromatic groups and polyaromatic groups, wherein R 5 may optionally contain hydroxy groups, ester groups and / or ether linkages.

Preferred compounds have the formula ii) wherein R 5 is either a C 1-4 alkyl or alkenyl group or a phenyl or substituted phenyl group.

When R5 is an alk (en) yl group, preferred compounds include tetracoconut and tetralathidamides which are derivatives of the following carboxylic acids: malonic, succinic, maleic, glutaric and adipic acid.

A particularly preferred compound from the above group is tetracocosadipine amide.

If R5 is an aromatic group, the amide group having R3 and R4 chains may be in any of the ortho, meta and para positions relative to the amide group containing Rx and R2 chains.

If R5 is a phenyl or substituted phenyl group, preferred compounds are tetrataliter terephthalide diamide and tetracocosterephthalide diamide.

The preferred polyaromatic group R5 is biphenyl. The emollient is used in an amount of 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 10% by weight, most preferably 3 to 6% by weight.

In a highly preferred embodiment, the emollient is premixed (dispersed) with the dispersant and the resulting mixture is then mixed with the rest of the composition.

Any common dispersant can be used for this purpose. Examples of suitable dispersants include nonionic surfactants obtained by condensing primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols, e.g. tallow alcohol or alkylphenol, with 5-12 ethylene oxide units, as well as phosphate esters such as those disclosed in the EP patent. in 168,889 and of formula 5 R '- 0 (αΗ2-0Η20) ΒΡ0 (0Η) 2, wherein R' is a C12_14 group and m is 1-5 and is sold under the tradename "Servoxyl VPAZ".

In a highly preferred embodiment, the fatty acids 10 are used as dispersants for amide emollients.

Fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, such as lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids, and mixtures thereof, can be used advantageously herein. A mixture of pal-15 mitic and stearic acids is particularly preferred.

The fatty acid dispersants are most preferably used in a weight ratio of amide emollient to fatty acid of 1 / 1-10 / 1.

Detergent compositions typically contain organic surfactants ("surfactant") to provide the usual good cleaning properties.

Detergent surfactant detergents used in this context include the well-known synthetic anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactant detergents. Typical of these are alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates, paraffin sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, alkoxylated (especially ethoxylated) alcohols and alkylphenols, amine oxides, well-known fatty acid esters of fatty acids and fatty acid esters. Typically, such cleansing surfactants contain an alkyl group of the order of C9 to C18; anionic detersive surfactants may be used as their sodium, potassium or triethanolamine salts; nonionics typically contain from about 5 to about 17 ethylene oxide groups. U.S. Patent No. 4,111,855 contains a detailed list of such typical cleansing surfactants. C 1 -C 16 alkyl benzene sulfonates, C 12 -C 20 paraffin sulfonates and alkyl sulfates and ethoxylated alcohols and alkyl phenols are particularly preferred in this type of composition.

Surfactant detergents useful in this context include water-soluble soaps, e.g., ordinary sodium and potassium coconut or still soaps, which are well known in the art.

Detergent compositions may contain as little as 1% of surfactant component, but preferably the compositions contain 5-40%, preferably 10-30% of surfactant detergent. Mixtures of ethoxylated nonionic compounds and anionic compounds such as alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates and paraffin sulfonates are preferred for cleaning many types of stains and soils.

The amide softener is preferably used in combination with a detergent compatible clay softener which acts as a cleaning additive. Such clay plasticizers are well known in the detergent industry and have abundant commercial use in both Europe and the United States. Such clay builders include various heat-treated kaolins and various multilayer smectites. Preferred clay plasticizers are the smectite plasticizer clays described in DE-application 23 34 899 and GB patent 1 400 898, to which reference may be made in detail. In preferred compositions, at least 1%, usually 1-20%, preferably 2-10% of plasticizer clays are used.

These compositions may contain other ingredients that facilitate the purification process. For example, these 6 93468 compositions may preferably contain a bleaching agent, in particular a peroxyacid bleaching agent, without compromising stability and overall performance, as the amide plasticizers of the invention are compatible with the peroxy-5 acid bleaching agents. In the context of this invention, the term peroxyacid bleach refers to both peroxyacids per se and systems capable of releasing peroxyacids in situ.

Peroxyacids per se also mean their alkali or alkaline earth metal salts. Peroxyacids and diperoxyacids are commonly used; examples are diperoxydodecanoic acid (DPDA) and peroxyphthalic acid.

Systems capable of producing peracids in situ include a peroxide oxygen bleach and the activator it requires.

Peroxide oxygen bleaches are those capable of producing hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution; these compounds are well known in the art and include hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal peroxides, organic peroxide bleaches, e.g., urea peroxide, inorganic persalt bleaches, e.g., alkali metal perborates, percarbonates, perphosphates, persilicates, and the like.

Preferred are sodium perborate, which is commercially available as mono- and tetrahydrates, sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate, sodium diphosphate peroxyhydrate and urea peroxyhydrate.

The released hydrogen peroxide reacts with the bleach activator to effect peroxyacid bleaching. Groups of protein-30 activators include esters, imides, imidazoles, oximes, and carbonates. Preferred materials belonging to these groups include methyl o-acetoxybenzoates, sodium p-acetoxybenzenesulfonates such as sodium 4-nonaneoxyloxybenzenesulfonate, sodium 4-octanoyloxybenzenesulfonate and sodium

II

7 93468 4-Decanoyloxybenzenesulfonate, biophenol A-diacetate, tetraacetylethylenediamine, tetraacetylhexamethylenediamine, tetraacetylmethylenediamine.

Other highly preferred peroxyacid bleaches disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,483,778 and 4,539,130 are alpha-substituted alkyl or alkenyl esters, for example, sodium 4- (2-chlorooctanoyloxy) benzenesulfonate, sodium 4- ( 3,5,5-tri-metyyliheksanoyylioksi) benzenesulfonate. Suitable peroxyacids are also peroxygen oxygen bleach activators such as those described in EP-A-0 166 571, i.e. compounds of the general type RXAOOH and RXAL, wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group, X is a heteroatom, A is a bridge-forming carbonyl group and L is is a leaving group, especially oxybenzenesulfonate.

Alternatively, these compounds may contain any other type of bleach commonly used in detergent compositions. It is also highly preferred that the detergent compositions used throughout the wash contain a detergent builder and / or complexing agents with methyl ions. Detergent builders that can be classified and are well known in the art include nitrilotriacetates, polycarboxylates, citrates, water-soluble phosphates such as tripo-25 phosphate and sodium ortho- and diphosphates, silicates, and mixtures thereof. Complexing agents with metal ions include all of the above, as well as agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetate, aminopolyphosphonates and phosphates (DEQUEST), and a wide variety of other polyfunctional organic acids and salts. U.S. Patent 3,579,454 provides typical examples of the use of such agents in various cleaning compositions. Usually, the builder and / or the complexing agent with metal ions is present in about 0.5-45% of the composition. Zeolites with a particle size of 93468 ____ 1 8 1-10 μm (e.g. zeolite A) disclosed in DE 24 22 655 are particularly preferred for use in compositions containing little or no phosphate.

The laundry compositions referred to herein preferably also contain enzymes, for example amylase, protease and cellulase enzymes, to increase the washing performance of various stains and dirt during the washing of the compositions. Amylase and protease enzymes suitable for use in detergents are well known in the art and are commercially available as liquid or granular detergents. Commercial cleaning enzymes (preferably a mixture of amylase and protease) are typically used in the present compositions of 0.001-15 2% or more. Other highly desirable detergent components used in the detergent compositions of this invention include quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula R 4 R 5 R 6 R 7 N * X ', wherein R 4 is alkyl of 10-20, preferably 12-18 carbon atoms, and R 5, R6 20 and R? are each C 1 -C 4 alkyl, preferably methyl, X is an anion, e.g. chloride. Examples of such quaternary compounds are C12-C14 alkyltrimethylammonium chloride and coconut alkyltrimethylammonium methosulfate. The quaternary ammonium compound may be used in an amount of 0.5 to 5%, preferably 1 to 3%.

In addition, the compounds referred to herein may contain, in addition to the ingredients already mentioned, various other possible ingredients which are typically used in commercial products for aesthetic and other reasons affecting the appearance of the product. Typical ingredients include pH adjusters, perfumes, dyes, optical brighteners, dirt suspending agents, hydrotropes and flow regulators, solidification-melt stabilizers, bactericides, preservatives, foam regulators, foam regulators.

9 93468

In the case of compositions active during washing, they are typically used in washing water at least 500 ppm, preferably 0.10-1.5% of the amount of fabric to be washed, and have a pH of 7-11. Washing can be performed in the temperature range of 5 ° C to the boiling point with excellent results.

Detergent compositions may be in any suitable physical form, including granular, liquid, paste and sheet form. They can be prepared in any manner suitable for their physical form by mixing the components, agglomerating them together, microencapsulating them, dispersing them in a liquid carrier and reversibly adsorbing or coating particulate materials, for example "non-woven" or paper sheets. .

The composition is preferably in granular form.

A preferred method of preparing said granular compositions comprises forming a melt of dispersant and amide, dispersing the mixture in a mixed aqueous mixture containing a weighed amount of detergent ingredients, and spray drying in the usual manner. Likewise, in a preferred method of preparation, the melt can be atomized on the surface of the detergent granules. These compositions can also be sprayed onto particles, e.g. sodium perborate mono- or tetrahydrate, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate or clay particles.

The following examples are preferred embodiments of the invention, but do not limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Tetracocosterephthalic acid diamide (total amount 5% of the total composition after spraying) and 93468

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The mixture of 10 lauric acid (1.5% of the total composition) is stirred, melted and further mixed until homogeneous. Prepare a standard mixture containing the following ingredients (percentages given refer to the amount of ingredient as a percentage of the total composition after spray drying).

Ingredients%

C 1 -C 12 alkylbenzenesulfonate 6.2 10 Tallow alcohol ethoxylate (E011) 1.0

Sodium tripolyphosphate 24.0

Sodium sulphate 15.0

Sodium silicate 8.0

Smectite clay1 6.5 Carboxymethylcellulose 0.4

Polyacrylate (dirt suspender) 1.7

Enzymes 0.5

Optical brightness 0.23

Sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine ** 25 ppm 20 EDTA 0.2

Perfume / copper salts / trace components 0.5

C 12 -C 14 alkyltrimethylammonium chloride 1.9

The humidity is adjusted to 77%. 25 The mixture is then treated in a completely conventional manner and spray-dried. After drying, sodium perborate (20%) and bleach activator (3% 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, sulfaphenyl ester, sodium salt ***) (3%) are dry blended with granules. The tetracocosterephthalamide / lauric acid melt is then sprayed onto the finished product.

* Intrinsic smectite: ion exchange capacity greater than 50 meq / 100 g clay ** U.S. Patent 3,927,967 35 *** U.S. Patent Nos. 4,483,778 and 4,539,130 11,946,468

The softness formed during the washing with the composition of Example 1 was compared with the softness obtained with a similar composition that did not contain tetracocosterephthalamide / lauric acid premix (comparison). The experiment was performed by comparing the softness of the textile patches washed once (monocyclic) and four times (multicyclic) using the composition of the invention and the reference composition.

The test conditions were as follows: automatic 10 drum washing machine Miele 423, heating from 15 ° C

to a temperature of 90 ° C; 50 min at 90 ° C, 1% product concentrate in wash liquor, water hardness 18 grains / gallon (0.31 g / l) (Ca / Mg ratio 3: 1).

Washed and string-dried samples were compared by a panel of 15 independent experts using a pairwise comparison technique and a 9-point Scheffe scale. Differences were denoted as panel score units (psu), with positive values being better, and the least significant difference (LSD) was also calculated using a 95% confidence limit.

The test results were as follows:

Softness (Example 1 relative to reference substance) 25 1 wash 4 washes

Plush fabric (12) +1.30 (0.49) +0.80 (0.44)

Polyester fabric (12) +1.0 (0.63) +1.00 (0.00) 1 The value in parentheses is the LSD value (see text) 30 These results show significant good softness properties obtained during washing, which are derived from the invention. composition in accordance with

Example 2 35 A low phosphorus detergent composition 12 93468 is as follows:

Ingredients%

Zeolite A (1-10 μm) 26.0 Sodium nitrilotriacetate 5.0

Smectite clay * 6.5

Tetracocosadipinamide / lauric acid (3: 1 weight ratio) ** 5.0

C 1 -C 12 alkylbenzene sulfonate 6.5

Tallow ethoxylate (E0 9-11) 0.5

Sodium perborate 4H2O *** 20

Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) *** 3 15 Sodium silicate 8 CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) 1

Sodium sulphate 18

Enzymes (1: 1 amylase / protease) *** 1.5

Optical brightener 0.5 20 Water, trace components full. to 100 * As a mixture of Gelwhite GB (TM): CaCC> 3, ion exchange capacity 70 Meq / 100g ** Prepared as in Example 1 and sprayed onto the finished product *** Dry blended with the composition

The composition of Example 2 was prepared as described in Example 1. Composition 30 of Example 2 has better softness than a composition in which the amide / lauric acid complex has been replaced by increasing the amount of sodium sulfate.

Claims (9)

13 93468 Use of a diamide as a plasticizer in detergent compositions, which diamide is selected from the group consisting of i) diamides of the formula R, 0 0 lv \ H II ^ 3 N - C - C - N 10 R0 ^ ^ R. 2 4 wherein R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 are coconut alkyl or tallow alkyl groups, and ii) diamides of formula 15 R. 0 0 R0 1 \ II II 3 3 NC-Rc-CN / 5 \ H R4 wherein Rx, R2, R3 and R4 are coconut alkyl or tallowalkyl groups, R5 is selected from the group consisting of alk (en) -yl groups containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl groups, substituted aryl groups, heteroaromatic groups, substituted heteroaromatic groups and poly-aromatic groups, wherein R 5 may optionally contain hydroxy groups, ester groups and / or ether linkages. Use according to Claim 1, characterized in that the diamide is predispersed with a dispersant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants obtained by the condensation reaction of primary or secondary alcohols, phosphate esters of the formula R , -O (CH 2 -CH 2 O) b PO (OH) 2, where R 'is a C 12 -C 14 group and m = 1-5, and fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. 14 93468 Use according to Claim 2, characterized in that the dispersant is a fatty acid having 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and present in a weight ratio of amide emollient / fatty acid of 1: 1 to 5: 1. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the diamide has the formula ii) in which R 5 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the diamide has the formula ii) in which R 5 is a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group. Use according to Claims 5, characterized in that the diamide is tetrataliter terephthalide amide or tetracocosterephthalide diamide. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the amount of diamide is 0.1 to 15% by weight. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the detergent composition contains a peroxyacid bleaching compound. Use according to Claim 8, characterized in that the peroxyacid bleaching compound consists of a peroxyacid bleaching compound and an activator thereof. 15 93468