FI91908C - Reinforcement in a slab made of concrete or must match material - Google Patents
Reinforcement in a slab made of concrete or must match material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI91908C FI91908C FI920377A FI920377A FI91908C FI 91908 C FI91908 C FI 91908C FI 920377 A FI920377 A FI 920377A FI 920377 A FI920377 A FI 920377A FI 91908 C FI91908 C FI 91908C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- reinforcement
- concrete
- slab
- dome
- column
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001634884 Cochlicopa lubricella Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
- E04C5/0645—Shear reinforcements, e.g. shearheads for floor slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/43—Floor structures of extraordinary design; Features relating to the elastic stability; Floor structures specially designed for resting on columns only, e.g. mushroom floors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
9190891908
Vahvike betonista tai vastaavasta materiaalista valmistet-tua laattaa vårtenReinforcement made of concrete or similar material tile
Taman keksinnon kohteena on betonista tai vastaavas-5 ta materiaalista valmistetun laatan vahvike pistemåisiå kuormia, kuten pilarin tukireaktiota vårten.The present invention relates to a reinforcement of a slab made of concrete or similar material for point loads such as a column support reaction.
Betonilaatan låvistyskeståvyys pistemaiselle kuor-malle, kuten pilarin tukireaktiolle, riippuu tuen ja laatan dimensioista seka betonin leikkauslu juudesta. Perinteisilla 10 raudoitteilla voidaan kasvattaa låvistyskeståvyyttå, mutta betoninormit asettavat ylårajan leikkausraudoitetun raken-teen laskennalliselle keståvyydelle. Ylåraja on 2 kertaa raudoittamattoman rakenteen keståvyys Suomessa nykyisin sovellettavan normin mukaan. Euroopassa sovelletaan pienem-15 påå ylårajakerrointa ja valmisteilla olevassa euronormissa (EC2) raja on 1,6.The puncture resistance of a concrete slab to a point load, such as a column support reaction, depends on the dimensions of the support and the slab, as well as the shear strength of the concrete. Conventional reinforcements can increase puncture resistance, but concrete standards set an upper limit on the calculated strength of a shear-reinforced structure. The upper limit is 2 times the durability of the unreinforced structure according to the currently applicable standard in Finland. In Europe, a lower upper limit factor of 15 is applied and the limit in the forthcoming Euronorm (EC2) is 1.6.
Ongelma on se, ettå låvistys on mitoittava tekijå tavallisissa, pistemåisesti rasitetuissa laattasovellutuk-sissa, jolloin se rajoittaa ko. sovellusten kåytettåvyyttå. 20 Riittåmåton laatan låvistyskeståvyys pilarin tukireaktiota vastaan aiheuttaa laatassa pilarin ympåri luonteeltaan hauraan murron, jolloin laatta saattaa luhistua.The problem is that the perforation is a dimensioning factor in ordinary, point-stressed tile applications, whereby it limits the application availability. 20 Insufficient puncture resistance of the slab against the supporting reaction of the column causes a brittle fracture in the slab around the column, which can cause the slab to collapse.
Koska rakennuksissa arkkitehtonisista syistå ja tilankåyton kannalta pyritåån ohuisiin pilaridimensioihin 25 on siis tarpeellista lujittaa laattaa låvistystå vastaan. Eras tunnetun tekniikan mukainen ratkaisu perustuu laattaan sisåånvalettaviin teråsrakenteisiin, joilla laatan kriit-tinen poikkileikkaus saadaan riittåvåsti kasvatettua, ja vastaavasti betonin leikkaus jånnitys pienennettyå. Kåy t os så 30 olevat ratkaisumallit koostuvat useasta teråsosasta, joita yleenså hitsaamalla liitetåån toisiinsa arina- tms. rakenteen aikaansaamiseksi. Tunnetut laattavahvikeratkaisut ovat siten suhteellisen raskaita, valmistusmielesså suuritoisiå sekå hinnaltaan kalliita.Therefore, since in buildings, for architectural reasons and in terms of space use, thin pillar dimensions 25 are sought, it is necessary to strengthen the slab against perforation. The solution according to the prior art is based on steel structures that can be cast into the slab, with which the critical cross-section of the slab can be sufficiently increased, and the shear stress of the concrete can be reduced accordingly. The solution models in section 30 consist of several steel parts, which are usually joined together by welding to form a grate or the like structure. The known tile reinforcement solutions are thus relatively heavy, large in terms of manufacturing and expensive.
35 Toinen tunnettu ratkaisu on kasvattaa tukipintaa tekemållå pilarin ylåpååstå ns. sienimuotoinen erikoismuo- 2 91908 tin avulla. Ongelmana on pilarin ei suosiossa oleva sil-miinpistava muoto, joka lisaksi vaikeuttaa tilojen kayttoå ainakin liittyvien rakenteiden ja installaatioiden osalta.35 Another known solution is to increase the support surface by making the top of the pillar so-called. sponge-shaped with a special mold 2 91908. The problem is the unpopular shape of the pillar, which further complicates the use of the spaces, at least for the associated structures and installations.
Vielå eras tunnettu ratkaisu on kåyttåå laatassa 5 kriittisellå alueella lujempaa betonia kuin muualla laatassa. Menetelmå on tyomaalla koettu huonoksi, koska se hidas-taa valua ja aiheuttaa laadunvalvontaan liittyviå lisåkus-tannuksia.Another known solution is to use stronger concrete in slab 5 in the critical area than elsewhere in the slab. The method has been found to be poor on site because it slows down drainage and incurs additional costs related to quality control.
Keksinnon tarkoituksena on aikaansaada sellainen 10 vahvike betonista tai vastaavasta materiaalista valmistet-tua laattaa vårten, jolla våltytåån edella mainituista haitoista. Taman aikaansaamiseksi on keksinnon mukaiselle vahvikkeelle tunnusomaista se, ettå vahvike muodostuu te-råksisestå laattaan valettavasta, oleellisesti kartion tai 15 kalotin muotoisesta tai monikulmaisesta kuvusta, ja sen kanssa samaa kappaletta olevasta pohjalaipasta, jonka piiri on suurempi kuin kuormitusalueen piiri.The object of the invention is to provide such a reinforcement 10 for a slab made of concrete or a similar material, which avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages. To achieve this, the reinforcement according to the invention is characterized in that the reinforcement consists of a steel plate cast in a substantially conical or cap-shaped or polygonal dome, and an integral base flange with a circle larger than the load area circuit.
Keksinnon mukainen betonilaatan pilarivahvike voi-daan valmistaa esimerkiksi syvåvetotekniikalla yhdestå 20 tasapaksusta, suhteellisen ohuesta teråslevystå, ja se on painoltaan selvåsti perinteisempiå ratkaisuja kevyempi, seka helposti valmistettavissa ilman kalliita tyostokoneita tai manuaalista tyotå vaativia tyovaiheita. Edelleen keksinnon mukaista vahviketta voidaan kåyttåå kaikkien pilari-25 tyyppien, kuten elementti-, liitto- ja betonipilareiden kanssa.The concrete slab pillar reinforcement according to the invention can be manufactured, for example, by deep drawing technology from one of 20 uniform, relatively thin steel plates, and is clearly lighter in weight than traditional solutions, and can be easily manufactured without expensive work machines or manual work steps. Furthermore, the reinforcement according to the invention can be used with all types of column-25, such as prefabricated, composite and concrete columns.
Keksinnon muille edullisille sovellutusmuodoille on tunnusomaista se, mitå jåljempånå olevissa patenttivaati-muksissa on esitetty.Other preferred embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is set forth in the claims below.
30 Keksintoå selostetaan seuraavassa esimerkkien avulla viittamaalla oheisiin piirustuksiin, joissa kuvio 1 esittåå keksinnon mukaisen vahvikkeen eråstå sovellutusmuotoa, kuvio 2 esittåå tunnettua vahvikeratkaisua, 35 kuvio 3 esittåå keksinnon mukaisen vahvikkeen eråstå toista sovellutusmuotoa,The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a known reinforcement solution, Figure 3 shows another embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention,
IIII
91908 3 kuvio 4 esittaå låpileikkauksena keksinnon mukaista vahviketta betonilaattaan sijoitettuna.91908 3 Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a reinforcement according to the invention placed on a concrete slab.
Kuviossa 1 on esitetty keksinnon mukainen betonilaa-tan låvistysvahvike, joka on syvåvetotekniikalla tehty 5 esim. kartion tax kalotin muotoiseksi yhdestå tasapaksusta, suhteellisen ohues ta, sitkeåstå teråslevystå. Keveys perus-tuu siihen, etta vahvikkeen sisåiset voimat toimivassa rakenteessa paåasiassa ovat kalvo- tax rengasvoimia, jotka aiheuttavat vain levyn tason suuntaisia jånnityksiå. Syvå-10 veto on kylmåmuokkausta, mikå kasvattaa materiaalin lujuut-ta. Keksinnon ideana on se, etta keksinnon mukaisella vah-vikkeella kasvatetaan låpileikkautumiskartion vaipan (vrt. kuvio 4) pinta-alaa alkuperåistå suuremmaksi, jolloin laa-tan keståvyys ko. rasitusta vastaan kasvaa.Figure 1 shows a concrete slab piercing reinforcement according to the invention, which has been made by deep drawing technique, e.g. in the shape of a cone tax calotte, from one uniformly thick, relatively thin, tough steel plate. The lightness is based on the fact that the internal forces in the reinforcing structure in the functional structure are mainly membrane tax ring forces, which only cause stresses parallel to the plane of the plate. Deep-10 drawing is cold working, which increases the strength of the material. The idea of the invention is that the reinforcement according to the invention increases the area of the cross-sectional cone jacket (cf. Fig. 4) beyond the original, whereby the durability of the slab in question. against strain increases.
15 Vahvike muodostuu kupumaisesta osasta 1, johon liit- tyy saumattomasti 8-kulmainen pohjalaippa 2. Edullisesti vahvikkeen kuvun 1 ja pohjalaipan 2 vålisså on oleellisesti pystysuora vyohyke E, joka johtaa hyvin eteenpåin laattaan kohdistuvista taivutusmomenteista johtuvat vaakasuuntaiset 20 puristusvoimat. Vahvikkeen ylåosassa on aukko 4 betonin valua ja raudoitteiden låpivientia vårten. Lisåksi vahvikkeen kylkeen voidaan tehdå aukkoja 3 låpivientejå vårten ja betonivalun påasyn helpottamiseksi vahvikkeen sisåån.The reinforcement consists of a domed part 1 to which an 8-angled bottom flange 2 is seamlessly connected. Preferably, there is a substantially vertical zone E between the dome of the reinforcement 1 and the bottom flange 2, which conducts horizontal compressive forces 20 due well to the plate. At the top of the reinforcement there is an opening 4 for concrete drainage and the passage of reinforcements. In addition, openings 3 can be made in the side of the reinforcement to facilitate the passage of the handles and concrete casting inside the reinforcement.
On todettu, etta vahvikkeella laatan lavistyskesta-25 vyytta voidaan kasvattaa selvåsti yli betoninormien ylåra-jan. Keveyden ansiosta vahvikkeen asennus on mahdollinen ilman voimakoneiden kayttoå; kuvion mukaisen vahvikkeen paino on n. 70 kg, jos se on tehty esim. 10 mm teraslevystå ja sen låpimitta on 1100 mm. Tållaisella vahvikkeella vah-30 vistetun 250 mm paksun (K35-1) betonilaatan laskennallinen mitoituslåvistyskeståvyys on η. 1 MN esim. 280 mm kokoisel-la pilarilla. Ilman vahviketta tållaisen laatan låvistys-keståvyys on alle 0,4 MN. Vastaavan, kuvion 2 ja tunnetun tekniikan mukaisen I-palkeista 5, 6 ja 7 hitsaamalla tehdyn 35 vahvikkeen paino on yli kaksinkertainen.It has been found that with the reinforcement the slab resistance of the slab-25 can be increased well above the upper limit of the concrete standards. Thanks to the lightness, the installation of the reinforcement is possible without the use of power machines; the weight of the reinforcement according to the figure is approx. 70 kg if it is made of eg 10 mm steel plate and its diameter is 1100 mm. The calculated dimensional puncture resistance of a 250 mm thick (K35-1) concrete slab reinforced with such a reinforcement is η. 1 MN, eg with a 280 mm pillar. Without reinforcement, the puncture resistance of such a slab is less than 0.4 MN. The weight of the corresponding reinforcement 35 made by welding the I-beams 5, 6 and 7 according to Fig. 2 and the prior art is more than double.
91908 491908 4
Kuviossa 3, jossa esitetåån keksinnon mukaisen vah-vikkeen erastå toista sovellutusmuotoa, vahvike muodostuu monikulmaisesta osasta 8 ja siihen liittyvåstå pohjalaipas-ta 9. Tåsså tapauksessa kupu 8 on muotoiltu tasomaisista 5 pinnoista muodostaen esim. kahdeksantahoisen monikulmion. Pohjalaippa 9 on esitetty ympyrån muotoisena poikkeuksena kuvion 1 mukaisesta 8-kulmion muodosta poiketen vain osoit-tamaan eri mahdollisuuksia muodostaa keksinnon mukaisia vahvikkeita. Tåssåkin tapauksessa on vahvikkeen kuvun 8 ja 10 pohjalaipan 9 vålisså oleellisesti pystysuora vyohyke F, joka johtaa laatan vaakatason suuntaiset puristusvoimat låvitseen ilman, ettå vahvike pyrkisi liukumaan laattaan nåhden pystysuuntaisten voimakomponenttien johdosta.In Fig. 3, which shows another embodiment of the reinforcement according to the invention, the reinforcement consists of a polygonal part 8 and an associated base flange 9. In this case, the dome 8 is formed of planar 5 surfaces forming e.g. an octagonal polygon. The bottom flange 9 is shown as a circular deviation from the shape of the 8-angle according to Fig. 1 only to show different possibilities for forming the reinforcements according to the invention. In this case too, there is a substantially vertical zone F between the bottom flange 9 of the dome 8 and 10 of the reinforcement, which conducts the horizontal compressive forces of the slab without the reinforcement tending to slide due to the vertical force components relative to the slab.
Vahvikkeen ylåosassa on valun ja raudoitteiden låpi-15 vientiaukko 11 sekå låpivientiaukot 10. Låpiviennit voivat olla esim. såhkokaapeli- tai vesijohtoputkia vårten. Aukot ovat tåsså tapauksessa pyoristetyn kolmion muotoisia, mikå on edullista vahvikkeen lujuuden kannalta. Vahvikkeen sopi-va kuvun muoto (kartio-, kalotti- tai monikulmiopinta) sekå 20 mahdollisten aukkojen koko, muoto ja jakovåli riippuu ti-lanteesta, ja ne valitaan rakenteen, tarvittavien låpivien-tien jne. tekijoiden perusteella.At the top of the reinforcement there is an outlet 11 for castings and reinforcements 11 and through openings 10. The throughlets can be, for example, for electric cable or water pipes. The openings in this case are in the shape of a rounded triangle, which is advantageous in terms of the strength of the reinforcement. The appropriate shape of the dome of the reinforcement (conical, cap or polygonal surface) as well as the size, shape and spacing of the 20 possible openings depend on the situation and are selected on the basis of factors of structure, required penetrations, etc.
Kuvio 4 esittåå låpileikkauksena keksinndn mukaista vahviketta betonilaattaan 14 sijoitettuna jatketun pilari-25 rakenteen 13a, 13b tapauksessa. Pilarin kohdalla on esitetty keksinnon mukainen vahvike 15 ja pilarin harjatanko-raudoitusta 16, joka kulkee vahvikkeen 15 keskiaukon låpi.Figure 4 shows a cross-section of a reinforcement according to the invention placed on a concrete slab 14 in the case of an extended pillar-25 structure 13a, 13b. In the case of a column, a reinforcement 15 according to the invention and a brush rod reinforcement 16 of the column, which passes through the central opening of the reinforcement 15, are shown.
Ilman vahviketta 15 pilari 13a pyrkii tyontymåån laatan 14 låpi siten, ettå murtuminen tapahtuu kartiomaista 30 leikkauspintaa C (katkoviivoitettu) pitkin. Murtopinnan kulma vaakatasoon nåhden on kåytånnosså osoittautunut ole-van låhellå 30°. Keksinnon mukaisella vahvikkeella, jonka pohjalaipan piiri on suurempi kuin pilarin 13a kuormitus-alueen B piiri, laatan kartiomainen leikkauspinta siirtyy 35 (vrt. katkoviivat D) vahvikkeen ulkopuoliselle alueelle. Tålloin våltetåån låpåisyvaara, koska låpileikkautumiskar- 5 919C8 tion vaipan pinta-ala on alkuperåistå suurempi ja siten myos sen leikkauskeståvyys. Betonilaatan konventionaaliset mitoitusnormit påtevåt låvistysvahvikkeen vaikutuspiirin ulkopuolella.Without the reinforcement 15, the pillar 13a tends to protrude through the plate 14 so that fracture occurs along the conical cutting surface C (dashed line). The angle of the fracture surface with respect to the horizontal has in practice proved to be close to 30 °. With the reinforcement according to the invention, the circuit of the bottom flange of which is larger than the circuit of the load area B of the column 13a, the conical cutting surface of the slab moves 35 (cf. the dashed lines D) to the area outside the reinforcement. In this case, the risk of puncture is avoided, because the surface area of the sheath of the cross-section map is larger than the original one and thus also its shear strength. Conventional sizing standards for concrete slabs apply outside the scope of the penetration reinforcement.
5 Alan ammattimiehelle on selvåå, ettå keksinnon eri sovellutusmuodot eivåt rajoitu yllå mainittuihin esimerk-keihin, vaan ettå keksinnon eri sovellutusmuodot voivat vaihdella jåljempånå olevien patenttivaatimusten puitteis-sa.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the various embodiments of the invention are not limited to the examples mentioned above, but that the various embodiments of the invention may vary within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI920377A FI91908C (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1992-01-28 | Reinforcement in a slab made of concrete or must match material |
| DE69314069T DE69314069T2 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-28 | Reinforcement for a concrete slab |
| ES93101328T ES2108143T3 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-28 | REINFORCEMENT FOR A CONCRETE SLAB. |
| DK93101328.8T DK0557731T3 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-28 | Reinforcement for concrete slab |
| AT93101328T ATE158633T1 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-28 | REINFORCEMENT FOR A CONCRETE Slab |
| EP93101328A EP0557731B1 (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1993-01-28 | Reinforcement for a concrete slab |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI920377 | 1992-01-28 | ||
| FI920377A FI91908C (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1992-01-28 | Reinforcement in a slab made of concrete or must match material |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI920377A0 FI920377A0 (en) | 1992-01-28 |
| FI920377L FI920377L (en) | 1993-07-29 |
| FI91908B FI91908B (en) | 1994-05-13 |
| FI91908C true FI91908C (en) | 1994-08-25 |
Family
ID=8534272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI920377A FI91908C (en) | 1992-01-28 | 1992-01-28 | Reinforcement in a slab made of concrete or must match material |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0557731B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE158633T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69314069T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0557731T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2108143T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI91908C (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9913994D0 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 1999-08-18 | Horton Brian | Shear cone |
| DE102004005916A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-09-01 | Tue, Nguyen Viet, Prof. Dr.-Ing.habil. | Mounting part e.g. for concrete for increasing load under pressure, has special fitting for concrete to be applied with tubular pipe arranged between load introduction surfaces |
| CN104718332B (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2017-03-08 | 韩国建设技术研究院 | Reinforcing member for punching resistance and construction method |
| KR101378663B1 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-03-26 | 신세계건설(주) | Satgat type reinforcement member for preventing punching shear |
| KR101363839B1 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2014-02-26 | 신세계건설(주) | Reinforcement member for preventing punching shear |
| KR101378628B1 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-03-26 | 신세계건설(주) | Dome type reinforcement member for preventing punching shear |
| KR102045624B1 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | Reinforcing structure for column and slab |
| CN109162406A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-08 | 杨大刚 | A kind of assembled bolumn cap |
| KR102619654B1 (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-12-29 | 에이에이아키그룹건축사사무소 주식회사 | Reinforcing structure of slab-column junction using punching shear reinforcement member |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1476572A (en) * | 1919-09-06 | 1923-12-04 | Grid Flat Slab Corp | Concrete construction |
| DE2221549C3 (en) * | 1972-05-03 | 1975-12-11 | Georg Dipl.-Ing. 3322 Salzgitter-Thiede Droege | Reinforced concrete ceiling with at least one vertical steel column |
| DE2307645A1 (en) * | 1973-02-16 | 1974-08-22 | Mueller Johann | MUSHROOM HEAD FOR FLAT CEILING |
| GB1403337A (en) * | 1973-11-12 | 1975-08-28 | Arnold S | Modular building structure elements |
| NO884885D0 (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1988-11-02 | Riss Ag | CONNECTOR FOR CONNECTING A CONCRETE COVER TO A SUPPORT, AND A BUILDING. |
-
1992
- 1992-01-28 FI FI920377A patent/FI91908C/en active IP Right Grant
-
1993
- 1993-01-28 DE DE69314069T patent/DE69314069T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-28 DK DK93101328.8T patent/DK0557731T3/en active
- 1993-01-28 EP EP93101328A patent/EP0557731B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-01-28 AT AT93101328T patent/ATE158633T1/en active
- 1993-01-28 ES ES93101328T patent/ES2108143T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE158633T1 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
| ES2108143T3 (en) | 1997-12-16 |
| DK0557731T3 (en) | 1998-04-27 |
| EP0557731A1 (en) | 1993-09-01 |
| EP0557731B1 (en) | 1997-09-24 |
| FI91908B (en) | 1994-05-13 |
| DE69314069T2 (en) | 1998-01-15 |
| FI920377A0 (en) | 1992-01-28 |
| FI920377L (en) | 1993-07-29 |
| DE69314069D1 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
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Owner name: DALSBRUK OY AB |
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