FI91513B - Propeller device with nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The propeller device (10,30) comprises a propeller nozzle (12,32), inside which is arranged a propeller (14,34) driven by a propeller shaft (22,42). In front of the propeller (14,34), arranged to rotate inside the propeller nozzle (12,32), is arranged a front piece (16,36) acting as an ice crusher and provided with blades (17,37) or corresp. extensions. The front piece is arranged to rotate on the same rotational shaft (S-S) as the propeller (14,34). The front piece (16,36) acting as an ice crusher, and provided with blades (17,37) or corresp. extensions, is provided with a drive.

Description

91513

The invention relates to an extruder device, which propeller device comprises an annular propeller nozzle in which a propeller driven by a propeller shaft is arranged.

As is already known, the thrust of the propeller, in particular at low speeds, can be improved by means of an annular propeller nozzle around the propeller. In order to obtain a sufficient thrust, the diameter of the propeller to be used can then be slightly reduced. However, under ice conditions, the extruder device poses a rather significant problem, i.e. that the propeller device may become clogged when the ice blocks wedge between the propeller body and the nozzle, or on the other hand when driving in an ice guide as the front of the nozzle fills the sump. In both cases, the water supply to the propeller is blocked either partially or completely, resulting in a substantial reduction in the thrust of the propeller. This problem is particularly pronounced with small kick-20 rigs. In many cases, it is not desired to use a propeller nozzle for the reasons mentioned above. For example, it has not been possible to use a propeller nozzle in harbor ice-breakers, because in narrow harbor basins, ice constricts and often even accumulates. that there is constricted ice to the bottom in the basins.

25 ··. Attempts have been made in the past to prevent nozzle clogging in a number of different ways, but with considerable success. Attempts have been made to remove blockages in propeller nozzles without accessories by reversing the direction of rotation of the propeller. However, this solution works- ... 30 even poorly, especially in cases where there is a lot of constricted * ice. The ship will then be able to proceed only jerkily for very '· *' short distances at a time.

Attempts have also been made to treat the blockage by arranging various accessories in connection with the propeller nozzle device. Such solutions have been presented in the past. Finnish patent applications Nos. 861370 and • · · '·' · 861371. These publications have attempted to treat blockages by attaching spikes or the like to the nozzle for the purpose of crushing ice blocks or so that. a separate ring portion is provided in front of the propeller nozzle to prevent ice blocks from clogging the propeller nozzle. However, these solutions have not eliminated the problem, but the ice blocks have still blocked the propeller nozzle because the blocks have stuck to said spikes or the ring part.

Attempts have also been made in the past to prevent clogging of the nozzle by arranging an "ice cage" in front of the nozzle, which prevents ice blocks 10 from entering the nozzle. However, the main disadvantages of this solution are the high resistance caused by the ice cage and the poor durability. In addition, at low speeds, the "ice cage" itself becomes clogged regardless of whether said cage is streamlined or not. The cage may be filled with crushed ice because suitably small pieces of ice may be able to go through the slots of the cage in si-15 weather, but will not hit the correct position to come out of the same size slit. Such cages may be fixed to the hull of the vessel, or, for example, in connection with a pivoting propeller device, they may have been mounted on the propeller device itself to pivot with it. However, they have not been able to solve the problem of clogging 20, as already stated above.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a mouthpiece which avoids the disadvantages associated with the prior art and prevents wedges from wedging the body and nozzle of the propeller device. between. In order to implement the core, the invention is mainly characterized in that in front of the propeller arranged to rotate inside the propeller nozzle, on the suction side of the propeller, an ice crusher, a pallet or .. a rotating front piece provided with corresponding projections, wherein the largest radii of said blades or similar projections. 1 wheel is calculated to be substantially smaller than the corresponding radial dimension of the propeller. '· * · ": PL ·

It can be considered as the most significant advantage of the invention over the prior art solutions. that when the prior art solutions have been "passive" with the sole aim of preventing ice blocks bad OWG'Mk 3 91513 from blocking the propeller device, the device according to the invention is arranged to operate "actively" in such a way that the extension propeller device according to the invention is equipped with an arrangement which seeks to crush large ice blocks stuck in the propeller nozzle so that they can pass through the nozzle, whereby the nozzle itself is not blocked. At the same time, the crusher acts as a feed screw that compresses the ice pieces into the nozzle. Other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 is a schematic side view of an extruder device according to the invention as a reversible propeller device implementation.

15

Figure 2 corresponds to Figure 1 seen from the direction D.

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the propeller device of Figs. 1 and 2, showing an embodiment of the operating arrangement of the propeller device 20.

Figure 4 schematically shows a true propeller drive according to the invention implemented in conventional, non-reversible propeller operation.

• · · · 25 • · · • # · · Figures 1-3 of the drawing show an extruder device according to the invention! ! is generally indicated by reference numeral 10. The nozzle propeller device 10 according to Figures 1-3 is of the type e.g. a reversible propeller device, as previously disclosed in Finnish patent applications Nos. 830373 and 853173. The propeller device 10 thus comprises a body 11, • m · On which the propeller nozzle 12 is attached by means of a support structure 13.

• · · · * * Inside the propeller nozzle 12 there is a propeller 14 arranged to rotate. The force • · · is introduced into the propeller device 10 by a vertical axis 18 which uses an angle -: *! ·. via a gear 20, a propeller shaft 22 to which a propeller hub 15 is attached and which propeller shaft 22 is rotatably mounted on a bevel gear body 21.

A

91513

In conventional propeller units, the front part of the bevel gear body 21 is formed as a streamlined front view, but in the solution according to the invention the front cover is replaced by a rotating front piece 16 with blades 17 attached to its surface. The front member 16 may be mounted on the propeller device body 11 for free rotation, but in the most preferred embodiment of the invention, the front member 16 is provided for use. The purpose of the front piece 16 and the blades 17 attached thereto is to cause movement in the ice constriction in front of the propeller nozzle 12 10 and to crush the ice blocks in front of the propeller nozzle 12 so that they can pass through the propeller nozzle 12 or guide outside the propeller nozzle. The blades 17 can be e.g. straight or spike-shaped, in which case they act only as an ice crusher, but on the other hand they can be shaped e.g.

15 as shown in the figures, in which case they act in a way as a second propeller and as a device for controlling the crushed ice. The blades 17 are drawn in a rather small size in the figures of the drawing, but their size can be considerably larger than shown in the figures, whereby their pushing and crushing effect is improved.

20

The firing nozzle 12 is conventionally shaped so as to taper from its leading edge 12a until it reaches the narrowest point of the propeller nozzle 12, denoted A in the figures of the drawing, and then extends into a substantially cylindrical propeller nozzle discharge edge 12b. In order for the front piece 16 with its blades 17 to function as intended, it is positioned relative to the propeller nozzle 12 so that it is located at the narrow position of the propeller nozzle 12 at point A, at the beginning of the cylindrical portion or:. · Η in front. This will ensure that. that iääloh-. · -_ the crumbs are crushed so small that they can pass through the kick- '3u r islet 1? narrow i through point A.

It has already been found that the front body 16 acting as an ice crusher may be arranged to rotate freely in the propeller unit 10, but is most preferably arranged to be used. Figure 3 shows an alternative to the use of a crusher for the use of the front piece 16 of Ivan already above. -ttu; in the embodiment of Fig. 3, the force BKOOP'6 "^ '5 91 513 is applied to the propeller shaft 22 on the vertical shaft 18 via an angular pin 20. is extended past the front drug site to the front of the bevel gear body 21 and the ice crusher front 16 is suitably attached to said propeller shaft 22. In the solution of Figure 3, the ice crusher front 16 thus rotates in the same direction and rotation speed as the propeller IA.

10

The operating solution according to Figure 3 can be considered as the best implementation alternative of the invention, as it has the simplest structure and thus the most reliable operation. However, the use of the front piece 16 acting as an ice crusher may be mechanically arranged, e.g. so that the front piece 16 is arranged to rotate in the opposite direction to the propeller 14. The use of the front piece can then be implemented in a manner known per se, e.g. in accordance with Finnish patent application No. 861798. However, the structure of the propeller device then becomes more complicated than the solution shown in Fig. 3. However, the rotation of the front ippa lean 16 may be arranged, e.g. electrically. hydraulically or by some other non-mechanical means. However, such methods further increase the structure of the propeller. complexity and are · ... · so I had no mechanical use ka 11 i imp i a.

'k 25 In the figures. a 1-3 are shown and the use of the front piece 16 acting as a crusher; ; ; However, the invention can be sow 'au mvos conventionally ·; τ · ιlakepot.kuri 1 ai: r. · is i in and this is pvr i:: v schematic L ... observe! sit picture i; ,. In Fig. A, the hull is denoted 30 by reference numeral 3. Force: uoda.m for the propeller 34 on the propeller shaft 0. ', which is conventionally mounted on the hull 5. The propeller 11 1 is arranged around the propeller 11 1 in a suitable manner; : closed; ·· ;:. · hull of y. Ki inni tvse 1 imin in Fig. A is not o.si- ... tfettv. K-: v i is A in the implementation of the leak, there is a propeller i nakse l ia 42 extended 3 »ships: crowded ta 3 ni: n. K ... ..;, et r a between the propeller j i body 3 can be '· can be arranged · ia palletized ;; a 51 ’equipped with e tukapp ·. 1 ·· ih, which is suitably 6 91513 ct ·· I la ki interleaved on the pocker shaft 42, in which the propeller hub 35 is also closed. In the embodiment of Figure 4, the front body 36, which acts as an ice crusher, thus rotates together with the propeller 34. The positioning of the front piece 36 follows the same principle as already described above, i.e. the front piece is placed at or in front of the narrowest point A of the propeller nozzle 32.

In Figure 4, the nozzle propeller device is generally indicated by reference numeral 30 and the leading edge of the propeller nozzle 32 by reference numeral 32a and the leading edge 10 by reference numeral 32b. Although the nozzle propeller device 30 according to the invention can also be implemented in the conventional solution according to Fig. 4, problems may arise in this connection, e.g. with regard to the bearing of the propeller shaft 42, because the propeller shaft 42 is extended longer than in conventional solutions. Thus, the solution according to the invention can be considered as the most advantageous in the embodiment of Figures 1-3. In Figures 1-3, the application of the invention is also more advantageous due to the fact that the front body 16 and the blades 17 therein can be shaped more freely than in the solution of Figure 4.

The invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawing. However, this does not limit the invention to the examples shown in the figures only, but many modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined in the appended claims.

t · · · 25 »· · • * · • · · • · * · ·« «· ·« 0 · • · * * * 0 · • · * * • • · · · g gDDGGW.

Claims (10)

1. Nozzle propeller assembly, which propeller assembly (10, 30) includes an annular propeller nozzle (12, 32) within which it is arranged. propeller (14,34) driven by a propeller shaft (22,42), can be drawn therefrom, before the propeller (14,34) in the suction side of the propeller on the same axis of rotation (SS) as the propeller (14,34) which is arranged to rotate provided within the propeller nozzle is a rotating head (16,30) provided with blades (17,37) or the corresponding projections or acting as ice crusher, the front being the largest radial measurement of said blade (17,37) or corresponding projections; calculated from the axis of rotation (SS) is substantially smaller than the corresponding mat on the propeller (14,34). 1) 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fabricator 1,16,36) which functions as an ice crusher and is provided with blade 6 17, 3 ^ or similar prints: Long is provided for operation. 'Device according to nn tenti ·: amber 1, one :: eekekekning thereof, that 5': rv: ket: 1-, h,> sum of heavy ra r ·; ο: π in. *; K: \,; san * and is provided with h Lad: 17,17: or the corresponding layout. Device according to claim 1 or 1. k a n n e: e. · k n a d da r; ·. '. to frame:; t ·. ··· * ·: ·: ·; 1 o, 36) as heavy sco rs of ice crusher are arranged '' 'at the root era in the co:. : i o n s r L k t n :: g as urone l letn. 14.: .3. '. ·· .: v> rdn ig. : g t t .uil requirements *, k a n n. e t e c k n. s 7 .. ·, amber, at; - t t 7 · vcVa · '. .. '· m. We have an ax! n. (35, 15 'i of prope 1 1 ·· m to, ·' 'o:. ··: · ::: ng -t: »! g! ·. · ··; ·; xrav 1 e 1! or 5,! ar dr i ve;:, -k '·:; hamtas tili ·; · pro; ··,. ··: · :: ·: ·· ::: - · ,, ·: ιο. :: formed:; of vertical t <18: and one. v · ί η;. *; wax 1 .O /, ksn; signed then amber to trim: ket (16) V '·' · 'in no ·. · ri as; s. ;; · -,; ns · and .s' lorsed.d with hl.ui (1 7 iar arranged "· 1> o ·. in:)": iri on: ; r: or: i: ng: \ ,,; -i ui! _ \, -t .., |, to; 0: 0001 le rn b „00WG'nN- 91515 7. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2 or 6, characterized in that the cut-off piece (16) which functions as a single ice crusher is equipped with electric drive. 8. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 6, characterized in that the cutter piece (16) which functions as an ice crusher is equipped with hydraulic operation. 9. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cut-off piece (16,36) which functions as a single ice crusher has been placed in the axial direction at the narrowest point (A) of the propeller nozzle (12,32) or ρΔ the front side of the this. 10. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim, characterized in that the blades (17,37) of the cutter piece (16,36) are formed so that they are rising in such a way that their direction deviates from the direction of the axis of rotation (SS). . • 1 »• ♦ · 1 ·» »4