FI91460C - satellite antenna - Google Patents

Description

i 91460

SATELLIITTIANTENNIJÅRJESTELY

The invention relates to a satellite antenna arrangement 5 as defined in the preamble of claim 1, in particular for a mobile earth station for voice communication.

New satellite systems are being developed, especially for mobile terrestrial communication systems. Communication and positioning systems such as Inmarsat 10 C, PRODAT, Euteltracks and Lockstar have already been introduced and are gradually being introduced. Marketing research also shows that there is a need for voice communication systems. Two systems, EMS (European Mobile System) and Inmarsat M, are being developed for mobile earth station communication systems for L-band voice-15 communications. The systems complement the services provided, in particular, for terrestrial mobile stations by providing flexible closed networks covering the whole of Europe. One of the most promising 20 applications can be considered to be truck communication networks.

Ambient antennas can be used at low data rates. The gain of these antennas is of the order of 3 ... 5 dBi, which is usually sufficient. However, a better signal-to-noise ratio is needed in voice communications than can be provided by ambient antennas. This requirement means that the antenna gain must be in the order of 10 ... 12 dBi. Many antenna systems are previously known in which the antenna element is directional. Such antennas include e.g. certain slot and horn antennas and dipole antennas. The problem with these antenna units is the complexity and unsuitability of the feeder circuit adaptations for different monitoring systems.

35 In addition, the mechanical properties of these antenna elements are often unsuitable specifically for a mobile ground station.

2

The object of the invention is to provide a new antenna arrangement by means of which the above-mentioned problems can be eliminated. It is a further object of the invention to provide an antenna arrangement which is inexpensive to manufacture and suitable for mass production.

The antenna arrangement according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in claim 1.

The satellite antenna arrangement 10 according to the invention, in particular for a mobile earth station intended for voice communication, comprises an antenna unit which can be directed to the satellite in the azimuth plane. According to the invention, the satellite antenna arrangement comprises an antenna unit formed of a plurality of antenna elements and ground plates, a control unit and a switching unit, the antenna elements of the antenna unit , which are selected by means of a control unit and a switching unit to receive from the desired direction and to send a circularly polarized electromagnetic sphincter in substantially the same direction.

The antenna elements are preferably air-insulating antenna elements of the traverse wave type 25, which are identical in structure. The antenna elements are arranged on the circumference of the circle so that they cover the entire 360 ° circumferential area. SatelliittiantennijårjestelystS

in this case, the two antenna elements whose radiation beams are directed in the desired direction can be selected by means of the control unit and the switching unit 30.

In one embodiment of the satellite antenna arrangement, each antenna element is formed of a thin plate 35 of conductive material, preferably metal, and each antenna element comprises a planar arcuate portion, i.e. an arcuate portion, preferably flat and 60 preferably triangular, circular portions located on each side of the arc portion and arranged at an angle to the plane of the arc portion nfi and towards the ground plane plate, 5 at the ends of the tip portions of which are arranged poles, one connected to the core / receiving circuit and the other to the load. The antenna elements with the ground planes are arranged in the same position, i.e. at an elevation angle, parallel to the circumference of the circle.

In a specific application of a satellite antenna arrangement, the kirkis portions of each antenna element are formed as blunt kefir, preferably flat kefir, and the polygrices of the blunt kefir are arranged in the shape of Kfir klypymmetrically. The arrangement of the terminals 15 provides a very good fit between the antenna element, its core / receiver circuit and the load.

In an embodiment of the satellite antenna arrangement, the ground plane of each antenna element is formed as a basin-like part in which the antenna element is mounted. Such a ground plane has a single and mechanical structure. In addition, such a ground plane plate achieves better insulation for the profile of neighboring antenna elements compared to a ground plane plate. The 25ff ground plane has a stabilizing effect on the input impedance.

In a specific application of a satellite antenna arrangement, the switching unit comprises two switch groups, by means of which two parallel antenna elements can be selected from the desired location in a circle. The switch groups are preferably formed of PIN diodes.

In a specific application of a satellite antenna arrangement, the antenna arrangement comprises a power distribution and phasing unit with two phasers and a 180 ° 35 hybrid, the power distribution and phasing unit being connected to the switching unit.

In a specific application of a satellite antenna arrangement, the phaser is a load line type phaser. It comprises two parallel transmission lines connected at the other end to the input and output ports, transmission lines arranged between the input and output ports, 5 and coupling means mounted at the ends of the matching lines connected to the input and output ports to realize the phase difference. By means of the switching unit and said phasing devices, three beam beams in different directions can be implemented for the two antenna elements selected, depending on the states of the phasing switches. The radiation beam of the active antenna unit formed of the two antenna elements can advantageously be adjusted, e.g., by 7 ° to the inventive normal direction of the antenna elements, and thus satellite tracking can be carried out expeditiously and reliably. In addition, at least twice the number of radiation beams can be realized around the circumference of the relatively small antenna elements in the circumferential circle, which substantially fill the azimuth plane without gaps.

In one embodiment of the satellite antenna arrangement, the antenna elements are provided with support members by means of which the antenna elements are arranged in the body part at a suitable elevation angle with respect to the azimuth plane. The elevation angle depends on the orbital position of the telecommunication satellite to be monitored and the mean position 25 of its ground station in which the antenna arrangement is used.

In one application of the satellite antenna arrangement, the support members are adjustable members for adjusting the elevation angle. By means of the support members, the elevation angle of all antenna elements is set the same in the azimuth plane 30 so that the elevation angles of the radiation beams of the antenna elements are correct considering the position of the satellite. The elevation angle varies between 10 ° and 50 ° and is preferably adjustable, e.g. at intervals of 10 °. The width of the beam beam still covers the said 10 ° region without the fact that there is a very strong attenuation in the reinforcement of the edge region of the beam.

In one application of the satellite antenna arrangement, the antenna arrangement is provided with a shield.

In an embodiment of the satellite antenna arrangement, it includes a directional device for performing satellite tracking and tracing. A detector and measuring unit are connected to the directional device 5 to measure the signal level in the used radio frequency range. The directing device is connected to the control unit and the switching unit to select the two co-operating antenna elements from the antenna elements, the antenna elements of which provide the best signal-level communication connection to the satellite. The orientation device is most preferably implemented with a microprocessor-based data processing device comprising a plurality of peripheral and connection units. The various functions of the directing device 15 are suitably programmed.

An advantage of the invention is that the satellite antenna arrangement is relatively simple and suitable for a small space. This type of antenna arrangement is inexpensive to manufacture and thus suitable for mass-20 production.

It is an advantage of the invention that the antenna unit formed by the antenna elements and the simple signaling / receiving arrangement connected thereto are most preferably formed with 24 identical radiation-25 beams in a horizontal plane. With the help of NM radiation beams, the entire horizontal corner area can be covered. The search and monitoring of the satellite signal takes place tSysin sMhkoii without moving parts.

A further advantage of the invention is that a high gain is provided by an active antenna unit 30 which simultaneously comprises two antenna elements.

A further advantage of the invention is that the input circuit of the antenna arrangement is relatively simple and provides an efficient and simple way to switch and phase out the desired radiation beams from the selected antenna elements.

A further advantage of the invention is that a double number of radiation beams is obtained with respect to the number of antenna elements. The antenna elements arranged in the circumference of the circle always have two active elements and they produce two radiation beams with 5 predetermined phases.

A further advantage of the invention is that it is simple to obtain an elevation angle and it can be implemented either mechanically with a suitable actuator.

A further advantage of the invention is that the antenna unit-10 kdn provides a suitable rain pattern with a wide coverage area. The satellite antenna arrangement is suitable for small elevation angles up to approx. 10 °, which are particularly important for the use of the antenna arrangement at northern latitudes.

A further advantage of the invention is that the satellite search routines operate quickly when the arrangement is started. Furthermore, the system takes into account a reasonably large alignment error of the antenna unit, taking into account the bandwidth and gain loss of the antenna unit 20. A further advantage of the arrangement is that it operates with a low signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, the antenna arrangement operates reliably despite short and long term signal level changes. A further advantage of the antenna arrangement is that it quickly recovers from hMiride situations. In addition, the antenna SR arrangement causes minimal distortion to the communication channels.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a view of a satellite antenna arrangement according to the invention; Figure 2 shows a cross-section A-A of the satellite antenna arrangement of Figure 1; Figure 3a is a top view of the antenna element and Figure 3b is a side view; Figure 4 is a block diagram of the main parts of a satellite antenna arrangement according to the invention; 91460 7 Figure 5 schematically shows a hybrid; Figure 6 schematically shows a phaser; Figure 7 shows a layout diagram of a power distribution and phasing unit; Fig. 5 shows rainbows; Fig. 8a shows radiation beams of an active pair of antenna elements and Fig. 8b shows feasible radiation beams of an antenna unit with 12 antenna elements; and Figure 9 shows the alignment device in block diagram form 10 with associated units and devices.

Figures 1 and 2 show a satellite antenna arrangement according to the invention in an illustrative schematic view. The antenna arrangement comprises an antenna unit 1 'having a plurality of identical antenna elements 1; 11 15 to 112 and their ground plane plates 9; 91-912, which are arranged on the disc-shaped body part 2. They are arranged parallel to the circumferential circumference of the body part 2 in a circumferential manner. They are arranged at a small distance from each other so that in this case they fill 20 sectors at a time over the entire circumferential area. In this application example, the antenna unit 1 'is formed of two or two antenna elements 11 to 1' and a ground plane 91 to 912.

The antenna arrangement also includes support members 3, 25 by means of which the elements 11 to 112 of the antenna unit 1 'with their ground plane plates 91 to 912 are arranged at a suitable elevation angle α with respect to the body part 2. The support members 3 are e.g. support rods of intermittent or continuous length actuators provided with actuators to provide an elevation angle.

The antenna arrangement further comprises a control unit 4 and a switching unit 5. Of the antenna elements 11-112, the same active antenna unit e.g. 6 comprises simultaneously two antenna elements 17, 18, which are selected .

The satellite antenna arrangement is provided with a shield 7 for protecting the antenna elements 11 to 12 and the devices belonging to the antenna antenna arrangement.

5 Antenna elements 1; 11 to 12 are identical, discrete propagation wave type air isolation antenna elements, as shown in Figures 3a and 3b. The antenna element 1 of the cup is formed of a conductive material, preferably a metal such as copper or brass, only from a thin plate 8. The antenna element 1 comprises a planar constant plate and a substantially circular arc-shaped part, i.e. an arc part 8a. The arcuate portion 8a fills a sector of 270 ° from the circle. The nominal sSh-size length of Charles 8a is close to the wavelength used. The kaa-15 section 8a is adapted to a constant distance h from the ground plane-vystM 9.

At each end of the carousel 8a there are tapered, preferably equilateral triangular, carcass parts 8b, 8c. The carcass parts 8b, 8c are arranged in a plane 20 of the curved part 8a at an angle to the ground plane 9. They are preferably of the same uniform sheet material as the curved part 8a and bent from the curved part 8a. The grooves of the roughening parts 8b, 8c have a slot 10. The ends of the roughening parts 8b, 8c are shaped as blunt bristles, most preferably they are cut into equal bristles 8d, 8e, as can be seen from Fig. 3a.

The proximity of the straight candies 8d, 8e to the central stone line D-D, E-E of the rough candies 8b, 8c is asymmetrical, i.e. on the side of the rectangles, poles 11, 12 are placed. One pole acts as an input pole and the other as a load pole. By shaping the candy-30 portions 8b, 8c into blunt herds, especially straight herds 8d, 8e, and the asymmetrical placement of the poles 11 and 12, an optimal fit (approximately 50 ohms) is obtained between the antenna element and the input / output circuit. The antenna element is symmetrical to the center F-F running directly in the middle of the slot 10 35 and in its direction. Depending on the direction of circular polarization used, each of the poles 11, 12 can act as either a core or a load pole.

The coupling pins lead from the terminals 11, 12 through the ground plane plate 9 to the other side of the electrically insulated ground plane plate, from where they are connected to the coupling unit 5 and the matching loads 15 (cf. Fig. 4). However, the antenna element 1 of the tip parts 8b, 8c is attached to the ground plane plate 9, which acts as a base, by means of connecting pins, so that there is no electrical connection, i.e. from the flat tips 8d, 8e. insulate-10 vy or film is arranged in the joint. In addition, the antenna element 1 is most preferably supported on the ground plane 9 by an electrically insulating support 10a in the middle of the arcuate part 8a.

Antenna element 1? The radiating power I1 to l12 can be adjusted by adjusting the width b and the remote charge h of the arcuate portion 8a of the plate 8 from the ground plane 9. Optimal antenna gain is achieved when about 90% of the power applied to the antenna element is converted into radiation and 10% is absorbed into the matching load.

The active antenna unit, e.g. 6 in Figure 1, is formed electrically by selecting two parallel antenna elements, such as l7, Is, from among the antenna elements l1 l12. It achieves significant advantages over a single selectable antenna element. It has been found that the optimal gain value of the antenna element and the width of the radiation beam depend on the ground plane 9; 91 -912 shape and size. The maximum direction of the radiation beam depends somewhat on the frequency used and differs from the normal on the ground plane by approx. 5 - 15 °. This angle of deviation 30 also depends on the shape of the ground plane. By means of two cooperating parallel antenna elements 11 to 12, which elements are arranged at a distance from each other and which are fed side by side with a suitable phase difference, the frequency-dependence of the angular beam angle 35 can be eliminated approximately.

The ground plane 9 is a trapezoidal plane, the edges 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d of which are turned upside down so that the ground plane forms a low alias (note that the edges are turned horizontally in Fig. 3a for the sake of clarity). The center width 1 of the ground plate 9 is of the order of the total width of the plate 8 and the distance 5 of the antenna elements, and the width k of the ground plate is in turn of the order of 1.5 to 2.0 x a. The depth s of the basin plate is of the order of 0.1a. In a preferred embodiment, the dimensions of the ground plane are: height k to 150 mm, width base width 11 = 150 mm, narrow base width 12 = 90 mm 10 and ground plate depth h = 20 mm. The ground plane 9 is of some suitable conductive material, preferably a metal such as aluminum.

Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a satellite antenna arrangement according to the invention. Antenna elements 1 of the antenna unit 15 1 '; 11 to 112 input terminals 11; 111 to 1112 are connected to the two switch groups MaHn 13, 14 and the second terminals 12 of the switching unit 5, respectively; 121 to 122 are connected to the adapter loads 15; 151 to 1512. Antenna elements 11 to 112 are grouped so that adjacent elements 20, 112; l2, l3; 13, 14, ... are connected to different switch groups 13, 14. In the NS procedure, the antenna elements 11 to 112 are alternately connected to the first switch group 13 and the second switch group 14. Each switch group 13, 14 in this case has six bays 25 13; 131-136 and 14; 141-146. By means of the control unit 4, the switch group 13, 14 is controlled so that two parallel elements l1, l2 can always be selected; l2, l3; ... to operate as an active antenna unit at the same time.

The inputs 16, 17 of the switch groups 13, 14 are connected to a power distribution and phasing unit 18. The power distribution and phasing unit 18 comprises two phasers. the first stage 19 and the second stage 20, as well as a 180 ° hybrid! 21. The first input 21a of the hybrid 21 is the input of the power distribution and phasing unit 18 and is connected to the detector and measuring unit 29 and the receiver-transducer unit (not shown in the drawing). One of the inputs of the hybrid 21 is connected to the ground via a load 22 91460 11. The outputs 21c, 2Id of the hybrid 21 are connected to the input of the first phaser 19 and the input of the second phaser 20, respectively.

Hybrid! 21 is shown schematically in Fig. 5. The input and output ports are denoted by the same reference numerals as in Fig. 4. The input port 21a is a differential or D port and the input port 21b is a sum or S port. When the signal is input from the D-gate, the output gates 21c, 2Id provide ISto signals which are 180 ° out of phase with each other. While the signal from the S port is fed to the hybrid, the signals in the same phase are output from the output ports.

The phasers 19, 20 are implemented by means of transmission lines and switching elements, as shown in Fig. 6 kSy 15. The phaser 19, 20 comprises two parallel transmission lines 23a, 23b and 24a, 24b connected to both the input and output ports P1, P2 from the second terminal, and transmission lines 25a, 25b connected between the ports.

In addition to the TMm3, the phaser 19, 20 includes in each of the 20 ports P1, P2 the adapter lines 26a, 26b; 27a, 27b Coupling members 28a and 28b set to pH. The switching means 28a, 28b are implemented by means of suitable diodes and can be switched from the conductive state to the closed state.

Both switching members 28a, 28b are simultaneously 25 in the same state, whereby the phasing 19, 20 is symmetrical in structure. The transfer characteristics of the phaser 19, 20 from the port PI to the port P2 or vice versa are the same as in nMin. The load line type phaser 19, 20 h & vidt are small and the frequency range 30 is wide. In addition, the matching properties of the phaser are good.

A preferred embodiment of the power distribution and phasing unit 18 erHs is shown as a layout diagram in Figure 7.

Hybrid! 21 and the steppers 19, 20 are made 35 on the same substrate by the microstrip method.

The phasers 19, 20 are optimized in this application to give a phase shift of 33 °. TSma means 12 η. 14 °: η (± 7 ° from the straight center) separation angle for the radiation beams available from the active antenna unit. By changing the states of the stage 19, 20 and, in particular, the switching members 31, 32, the direction of the radiation beam of the ac-5 antenna unit can be changed between the normal, center and outer positions of the ground plane 9, as shown below.

Staging devices 19, 20 are used to direct the radiation beam when implementing satellite tracking. By appropriately controlling the switches 28a, 28b of the stage 19, 20, it is possible to switch from the right beam "right" to the left beam "left" or the center beam beam "mid", which beam beams are illustrated in Fig. 8a. The connection from the right beam-15 child "right" to the left beam "left" or vice versa is carried out in such a way that the state of the coupling members 28a, 28b of both phasorizers 19, 20 is changed. Tål-18in phase shifters change into mirror images of each other. Accordingly, if only the state of the second switching member 28a or 28b is changed, the radiation beam shifts from the center radiation beam "mid" to either the right "left" or the left "left" radiation beam. The width of the radiation beams is somewhat affected by the elevation angle α and also the reception and transmission band used. The power distribution and phasing unit 18 described above is mainly intended for the frequency range 1.5 to 1.7 GHz.

The active antenna unit is formed by two adjacent antenna elements l1, l2, l2, l3, .... Two radiation beams 30 can be arranged on the active antenna unit, as described above, which beams differ from each other by up to 15 °. By means of the antenna unit 1, a double number of radiation beams is obtained on the circumference of the circle compared to the number of antenna elements l1 to 12. Thus, twenty-four radiation beams can be realized on the twelve antenna elements-35, which are distributed substantially evenly at the azimuth level on the circumference of the circle. This is illustrated 91460 13 in Figure 8b.

Figure 9 shows a block diagram in the form of a block diagram 30 with its connection and peripheral units. The orientation device 30 includes a data processing unit 31a 5 and any connected memory unit 31b. The data processing unit 31a is further connected in a suitable bus 32 by a number of peripheral units by selecting the connection units, such as the elevation angle indicator 33 via the connection 34, the control unit of the detector and measuring unit 29 4 is also connected to the directional device bus 32. The directional device 30 further comprises an interface unit 38 for inputting data such as programming and earth data to the directional device 15 and an interface unit 39 for connecting the directional device to external systems.

In addition, the orientation device 30 preferably includes a compass connection unit 40 for connecting the compass 41 to the arrangement.

The connection unit 34 of the elevation angle detector is connected to an elevation angle detector 33 measuring the elevation angle α of the antenna elements 1, which is arranged between the body part 3 and the antenna elements 1; 11-112 (cf. Fig. 2). The detector and measuring unit 29 includes 25 for measuring the rf level of the intermediate frequency part and the rf detector as well as the measuring part. This measurement signal is fed to the directing device via an A / D converter 35. The switching unit 36 is connected to the switching elements 28a, 30 28b of the phase repeaters 19 and 20 of the power distribution and phasing unit 18. In this case, the support members 3 are provided with an actuator 42 (cf. Fig. 2), such as an electric motor, for lengthening and shortening the support members 3. The support member controller 37 is connected to the support member actuator 42.

35 By means of the aiming device 30, the search and tracking of the satellite is carried out as follows. When starting the satellite antenna arrangement, the elevation angle α of the elements l1 to l12 of the antenna unit 1 is checked. If the elevation angle α does not correspond to the slope of the earth station in relation to the latitude and the satellite, it is corrected, for example, every 10 ° between 10 ° and 50 °. The shape and width 5 of the radiation beam is such that the 10 ° emission steps are sufficient to apply the antenna gain and the signal / assembly well. The correction angle α is corrected by adjusting the size of the support member 3 to fit the actuator 42 of the blocking members so that the desired elevation angle 10a is reached. The elevation angle α provides information about the elevation angle i lma i through the simulator 33 to the orienting device 30.

After setting the elevation angle α, the satellite search phase is started. The level of the satellite radio frequency signal, i.e. the rf level, is measured by the detector and measuring cycles 15 by activating the antenna element pair l1, l2; l2, l3; l3, l4; etc. one at a time and by passing through all the antenna elements l1 to l12. The rf level measurements obtained from the sequentially activated antenna units are stored in the memory 31b. During the current measurement, the radiation beams of each pair of antenna elements as well as the right and left radiation beams are passed through 20, whereby the azimuth level must be completely passed through the radiation beams shown in Fig. 8b.

When the first series of measurements has been performed, the pair of antenna elements of the antenna unit 1 in connection with which the maximum rf level signal is measured is activated. After this, we move on to the monitoring phase.

The monitoring phase is based on monitoring the rf signal level with two radiation beams, i.e. the left and 30 right radiation beams, as previously described in connection with the division and phasing unit. In this way, the aim is to keep the active antenna unit continuously electrically directed to the satellite object in order to maintain the communication connection despite the movements of the earth station.

An electronic compass 41 or other detector can be added to the aiming device to monitor the acquisition of the vehicle, and the active antenna unit 30 of the plt & nMM can be effectively assisted by the tMmM.

The foregoing invention has been described in detail with reference to one preferred embodiment thereof, but many modifications are possible while retaining the bolts of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. Satellite antenna systems may receive speech communication intended to receive a land station to which hair 5 is an antenna unit (1 '), which in the azimuthal plane can be directed to a satellite, characterized by having an antenna unit (1 ·) formed in the satellite antenna system of a plurality of antenna elements (1; 11-112) and their ground plane plates (9; 9-1912), a control unit 10 (4) and a coupling unit (5), said antenna unit (1 ') antenna element (11-112) with associated ground plate plates (9l - 912) are arranged side by side on a circular periphery and of which antenna elements (l1 - l12) of the same active antenna unit (6) simultaneously simultaneously two adjacent antenna elements (l7, 1 *) which are selected by means of auxiliary of the control unit (4) and the coupling unit (5) receive from the desired direction and substantially in the same direction the circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation. Satellite antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that each element (1; ll - l12) is formed of one of a conductive material, made of metal, consisting of a thin plate (8), and that each one of the antenna elements ( 1; l -25 l12) hairs a planar circular arc-shaped part or arch-part (8a), the width of the spring (b) sheep-less year constant, and which year adapted to a constant distance (h) from the ground plane plate (9; 91-912), and tapered, square triangular, pointed portions (8b, 8c) which are disposed in each spirit of the arch portion (8a) and which are disposed at an angle to the plane of the arch portion (8a) and to the ground plane plate (9), in which The spirits of spirit parts (8b, 8c) have been placed poles (11, 12), one of which is connected to the input / output circuit and the other to the load (15). 3. Satellite antenna system according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the antenna element tip portions (8a, 8b) is designed as blunt tips, advantageously equal tips (8d, 8e), and in proximity to which blunt tips are asymmetrical. relative to the shape of the tips, poles 5 (11, 12) have been placed. Satellite antenna system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that each antenna element (1; l1 - l12) has a ground plane plate (9; 91 - 912. Mr designed as a trough-shaped part, inside which the antenna element (1; II-l12) Mr is mounted. Satellite antenna system according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that two switching groups (13, 14), with the aid of two side-by-side antenna elements (I1, L2; L2), belong to the switching unit (5). l3; l3, l4; ...) can be selected from a desired location on the arc. Satellite antenna system according to claim 5, characterized in that the antenna system comprises a power distribution and phase shift unit 20 (18), wherein there are two phase sliders (19, 20) and a 180 ° hybrid (21), which power distribution and phase shift unit (18). ) Mr. drained to the connector (5). Satellite antenna system according to claim 6, 25 characterized in that, each of the phase shifters (19, 20) has two parallel cross-connection lines (23a, 23b; 24a) connected in their one breath to the input and output ports (P1, P2). 24b), transmission lines 30 (25a, 25b) adapted between the input and output ports (PI, P2), and connecting couplings (26, 26b; 27a, 27b) connected to the input and output ports (PI, P2) 28a, 28b) for shading the phase difference. 8. Antenna satellite system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the antenna elements (1; 11-112) are provided with supporting means (3), with the aid of the antenna elements being arranged in relation to the azimuth plane (B) of the frame member (2). - B) at a suitable height angle (a), and which supporting means (3) are preferably constituted by adjustable means for adjusting the height angle (a). Satellite antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the antenna system is provided with a protective cover (7). Satellite antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the antenna system comprises a directional device (30) for realizing the satellite outreach and auxiliary, to which the directional device is associated with a detector and measuring device (29) of the rf signal level, and which alignment device is drained by the control unit (4) and the switching unit (5) for selecting their two mutually functioning antenna elements (e.g. 6) from the array of antenna elements (1; 1 - 1X2) with which antenna elements form the signal communication to the satellite at the signal level is obtained.