FI89103C - Terminal device for ventilation provided with adjusting and regulating device for the volume flow - Google Patents

Description

89103

Ventilation terminal with volume flow setting and control device

Terminals for ventilation are installed with installation-5 and volume control for volumes

The invention relates to an air-exchange terminal equipped with a volume flow measuring and control device, comprising two air volume flow control devices connected to each other in a saw, which are tracked in connection with a ventilation duct, one of which , and which terminal comprises a flow resistor or a similar air diffuser with a routed jacket and a measuring chamber as a setting device for the maximum air flow.

The most typical ventilation disadvantages in houses with mechanical exhaust have proven to be draft, stagnation of room air, spread of odors between and inside the apartments, and condensation in the structures. In houses equipped with a mechanical blower and 20 exhaust and air heating, the complaints are mainly caused by noise, draft, the spread of odors between the apartments and the difficulty of maintenance and use.

With regard to the state of the art related to the present invention, reference is made to RC-Linja Ky's Finnish patent 71,614 and journal article LVI-2 1990 p. 20-26, Marianna 25 Luoma: "New directions in apartment building ventilation".

The main object of the present invention is to further develop the state of the art while reducing the above-mentioned drawbacks.

It is a particular object of the invention to provide a new ventilation airflow terminal which can control both the minimum airflow and the maximum airflow of a ventilation duct so that the device meets high requirements both in terms of air technology and sound technology. With regard to sound technology, the aim is to provide a terminal device 2 89103 which does not generate harmful noise and which has a sufficiently high sound attenuation, taking into account the sound insulation between the different apartments.

It is a particular object of the invention to provide a ventilation terminal by means of which, in addition to normal ventilation, the user S can efficiently and simply, efficiently and energy-efficiently increase ventilation when the need for ventilation in a ventilated room is greater than the need for basic ventilation.

In connection with the above, the object of the invention is to provide such a terminal device, by means of which the necessary ventilation can also be implemented in residential apartment buildings so that the sound levels remain sufficiently low regardless of the required high duct pressure.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a terminal in which the air flows of both basic ventilation and booster ventilation can be measured reliably in a simple manner on the basis of pressure differences and set to the correct values. If necessary, this terminal can also act as a fire choke, by means of which the air flow can be limited to the maximum permissible air flow of the fire choke, which is currently 42 dm3 / s with a pressure difference of 100 Pa.

20

The invention is intended to be suitable for use in both new production and renovation.

In this connection, it should be emphasized that the terminal according to the invention is also suitable for use on both the exhaust and supply air side for setting and exchanging the minimum airflow and maximum airflow levels.

In order to achieve the above and later objects, the invention is mainly characterized in that a perforated booster flap acting as a device for setting the minimum airflow 30 is connected to the terminal in its closed position, in the open position there is a maximum airflow, and said perforated flap is perforated. d = 3 ... 10 mm and the mutual distribution of holes s is in the range

II

3 89103 s = 7 ... 20 mm and the ratio of the hole diameters d to the hole division s d / s is in the range d / s <0.4.

When applying the terminal device according to the invention, the following advantages are realized simultaneously: 5 - the necessary ventilation efficiency and, if necessary, return to the basic state e.g.

controlled by a timer, the possibility of adjusting the minimum airflow by adjusting the number of open holes in the booster flap adjusting the maximum airflow by closing the open holes of the flow resistor 10 - accurate measurement method of minimum and maximum airflow sound insulation.

15

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the application examples of the invention shown in the figures of the accompanying drawing, to the details of which the invention is in no way narrowly limited.

Fig. 1A shows a schematic side view of a terminal according to the invention and its airflow measurement with the booster flap closed.

Fig. 1B shows the same as Fig. 1A with the booster flap in the open position.

Figure 2 shows the effect flap used in the invention and the location and dimensioning of its holes.

Figure 3 shows the connection of a terminal according to the invention provided with a control device to the ventilation system of an apartment building and its operating principle.

30 4 89103

Figure 4 shows a central vertical section of a ceiling diffuser according to the invention.

Fig. S shows an embodiment of the invention for a wall-connected terminal member in which the perforated tube and the effect flap are separate from each other.

5

As shown in Figures 1A and 1B, the flow resistance perforated tube 30 has an evenly spaced perforation 31 which opens into the interior 18 of the portion 12. At the end of the perforated tube 30 there are pressure measuring chambers 32 and 33 and an enclosed end wall 38 outside the measuring chamber. chamber bore 33 of the tube 30 outside of the pressure, that is, the space 18 at the top of the pressure. The measuring chambers 32 and 33 can be connected by hoses 32a and 33a to a pressure gauge 35 having measurable pressure differences Δρ0 and Apj.

An essential new feature of the invention is the dimensioning and coordination of the effect flap 20 15 of the terminal device with the perforated pipe 30. In order to achieve at the same time a suitable pressure difference Δρ} (Fig. 1A) and sufficient sound attenuation without disturbing noise generation due to the air flow qj, the pitch s of the perforation 21 and the diameter d of its holes 21 must be dimensioned within precise limits.

20

Figure 2 shows a particularly preferred dimensioning example, according to which the effect flap 20 has an effective diameter D = 125 mm and has 69 holes with a diameter d = 5 mm and a hole pitch s = 13 mm. The holes 21 of the booster flap 20 are most preferably in rows perpendicular to each other with an even distribution s. In this case, with an air flow qj = 11 dm3 / s 25, the pressure difference Δρ} <80 Pa. The hole density in the flap 20 according to Fig. 2 is 5.8 holes / dm 3 / s relative to the air flow qj. Studies have shown that the dimensioning presented above is both aeronautically and acoustically optimal. Extensive studies have shown that the effect flap 20 operates as intended in the given environment in the following dimensioning range d = 3 ... 10 mm, s = 7 ... 20 mm and in addition the ratio d / s must be d / s <0.4. The above-mentioned dimensioning ensures sufficient flow resistance, li 5 89103 sufficient sound attenuation and at the same time a sufficiently small noise generation for the intended use.

With regard to the operation and dimensioning of the perforated pipe 30, reference is made to the Finnish patent 71 614 of RC-linya Ky for its details. The pressure difference Δρ0 can be measured according to Fig. 1B with the booster flap 20 in the open position 20 in the measuring chambers 32 and 33. In the terminals connected according to Fig. 3, Δρ0 is generally Δρ0 * 100 Pa. If necessary, the perforated pipe 30 can be provided with the annular control device disclosed in the above-mentioned F1 patent 10 and the application, with which a certain number of holes 31 can be covered to adjust the maximum airflow q0 of the pressure difference Δρ0 to a suitable level, e.g. so that the perforated pipe 30 acts as a fire damper. q0 = 42 dm3 / s with a pressure difference Δρ0 = 100 Pa. Said adjustment can also be made in such a way that a part of the holes 31 is closed, e.g. with plastic plugs 31a. Even then, when acting as a fire choke 15, the maximum number of all holes 31 in the perforated pipe 30 is such that the above-mentioned maximum permissible air flow qo = 42 dm3 / s is not exceeded even if the plastic plugs 31a return. Accordingly, the flow resistance of the booster flap 20 can be adjusted as desired by closing the required number of holes 21 with plastic plugs 21a or the like.

20

Figure 3 illustrates the connection of a terminal according to the invention to an air-conditioning system in an apartment building. The ventilation system comprises a fan 40, the suction side of which is connected to a manifold 41, from which branch vertical ducts 42 to different floors of the apartment building. The terminals connected to the vertical channels 42 by the connecting pipe 11a are marked with K. The lower part of Fig. 3 25 shows the basic "analog connection" of the air control devices 20 and 30 of one terminal, in which the switch k, in its closed position, represents a situation where the effect flap 20 is in the open position 20 ', the hood flow resistance consisting mainly of perforated pipe 30 and maximum -air flow q0 is usually in the range qo = 20-40 dm3 / s. To implement the minimum flow q, the flap 20 is in the closed position (switch k, in the open-30 position), whereby the minimum flow q1 is determined on the basis of the combined effect of the flow resistances of the perforated tube 30 and the closed booster flap 20.

6 89103

When the perforated pipe 30 is connected to the booster flap 20 used in the invention, the perforated pipe 30 provides sufficient inter-apartment sound attenuation with sufficiently low noise generation when the booster flap 20 is in the open position 20 ', while the perforated pipe 30 acts as a fire choke and preferably also a device with fast control chambers 5 32 and 33. tune to act in an appropriate manner. In addition, the perforated tube 30 can be tracked for quick removal for cleaning.

As a terminal member according to the invention shown in Fig. 4, a roof diffuser 50 is placed 10 in a hole 52 made in the ceiling 51 at the end of the air inlet pipe 53. At the lower end of the inlet pipe 53 there is a booster flap 20 similar to the one described above, which can be turned by the actuator to the open position 20 '. The perforated pipe 30 is formed as a diffuser member through which the ventilation air is distributed to the surrounding space. The perforated tube 30 is either circular or rectangular in cross section. The perforated pipe 30 has a closed end 38 with a measuring chamber 32 as described above, which communicates with the interior of the perforated pipe 30 for measuring the pressure difference between it and the external environment. The hole tube 30 in the open position 20 'of the booster flap 20 limits the maximum air flow q0 and when the booster flap 20 is in the closed position the minimum air flow qlt of the diffuser 50 passes, whereby the pressure drop is mainly due to the throttling effect of the holes 21 of the booster flap 20 20. When the perforated tube or similar flow resistor used in the invention acts at the same time as the diffuser part, its shape can differ substantially depending on the shape of the tube, what kind of diffusing pattern is desired. One possible alternative to the diffuser part shown in Fig. 4 is a cylinder-shaped perforated diffuser part with closed ends, for example in the shape of a semicircle or ellipse 25, perpendicular to the perforated shell. Many other shapes and geometries of the diffuser part are also possible.

Figure 5 shows a terminal whose air diffuser 55 is attached to an opening 58 in the wall 59. The diffuser 55 has a baffle plate or plate portion 57, 30 which disperses air into the environment. Inside the diffuser 55 there is a perforated tube 30, at the end of which there is a measuring chamber 32 operating as described above. The perforated tube 30 is connected to the same

Fig. 7 89103 has a diameter air duct 61. An air flap unit 60 is connected to the air duct 61, inside which there is a two-position power flap 20 arranged to pivot on the shaft 23, which can be pivoted to the open position 20 '. The effect unit 60 is connected to the air ducts 61 by means 60a and 60b. The effect unit 60 is square or circular in shape in its vertical wall ul-S.

shown in Figures 4 and 5, the terminal members can serve as an exhaust air terminal half-bodies, whereby the air flows are shown in Figures 4 and 5, directions A and B of the opposite.

10

The following claims set forth within the scope of the inventive idea, the various details of the invention may vary and differ from those set forth above by way of example only.

15

Claims (10)

A ventilation terminal equipped with a volume flow measuring and control device, comprising two air volume flow (q) control devices 5 (20,30) connected to Saija, tracked in connection with a ventilation duct, one of which can set the maximum air flow (¾) of the terminal. the flow resistances of the control devices (20,30) together limit the minimum air flow (q,) of the terminal, and which terminal comprises a flow resistor (30) with a torn jacket and a measuring chamber (32 and / or 33) or a similar air vent a perforated booster flap (20) acting as a device for setting the minimum airflow (qj) in its closed position, in the open position (20 ') of which a maximum airflow (qg) prevails, and that said booster flap (20) the hole diameter d of the perforation (21) is in the range d = 3 ... 10 mm and the holes (21) the mutual distribution s is in the range s = 7 ... 20 mm and the ratio of the hole diameters d to the hole distribution s d / s 15 is in the range d / s <0.4. Terminal according to Claim 1, characterized in that the diameter d of the holes (21) of the booster flap (20) is in the range d = 3 to 6 mm and the hole pitch s is in the range s = 10 to 15 mm and the ratio d / s is <0.35. 20 Terminal device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at the end of the flow resistor or corresponding air diffuser (30) there are measuring chambers (32, 33) between which the pressure difference (Δρ0) caused by the flow resistor or air diffuser (30) can be measured. maximum airflow through (q ^ with the booster flap 25 (20) in the open position (Fig. 1B) and that the pressure difference (Apj) caused by the booster flap (20) in its closed position can be measured between the second measuring chamber (32) and the outside air and the minimum through the terminal airflow (qj) (Figure 1A). Terminal according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flow resistance of the flow resistor 30 or the corresponding air diffuser (30) and / or the booster flap (20) can be set according to the desired minimum and maximum air flows (q0, Qi) by closing with plugs (21a). , with a cover ring or the like part of the flow holes (21,31). Il 9 89103 Terminal device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the holes (21) of the booster flap (20) are arranged in rows perpendicular to one another, preferably in an even division (s). Terminal according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that with said flow resistor (30) the maximum flow q0 passing through the terminal with the booster flap (20) in the open position is set lower than the maximum permissible air flow required from the fire choke, with a pressure difference Δρ0 = 100 Pa is q0 = 42 dm3 / s. Terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said flow resistance (30) and booster flap (20) are dimensioned such that the minimum air flow qj with the booster flap (20) in the closed position is of the order of 10 dm3 / s and that the pressure difference Apj caused by the booster flap (20) is of the order Äpt «80 Pa. 15 Terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the terminal is integrated as an air diffuser (50) such that a flow resistor such as a perforated pipe (30) or the like acts as a part through which perforated air is dissipated into its surroundings and said booster flap (20) ) is located at the mouth of the air tube (53) inside the perforated tube (30) or the like, or that the booster flap (20) is located as a separate unit from the diffuser portion in connection with the air tube. 8 39103 Terminal according to one of Claims 1 to 5, arranged in whole or in part in connection with an air diffuser (55), which air diffuser comprises a guide plate or a plate part (57) which disperses air into its surroundings, characterized in that inside the diffuser (55): a perforated tube (30) having a measuring chamber (32) at its end and said perforated tube (30) preferably connected to an air duct (61) of the same diameter, to which is connected an effect flap unit (60) with a two-position pivoting position on the shaft (23); effect flap (20). ::: 30 10 891 03 Terminal according to Claim 9, characterized in that the effect flap unit (60) is connected to the diffuser (55) by its second pipe connection (60a) via an air inlet pipe (61) and to the supply air duct (61) by its second pipe connection (60b). 5 II 11 89103 1. Ventilation arrangements for ventilation with volume and volume control, for which the volume of the control devices (20,30) for 5 volumetric regulators (q) with volume, with the exception of the volume of the ventilation ducts , varvid man med den ena derleranordning kan ställa in en maximal luftstöm (q0) förnandningen and varvid strömningsmotständen av regulleranningningarna (20,30) tillsammans begränrand en minimal maxurnstrandm (qj) förnordn, (q0) with the aid of the stroke (30) or with the addition of air to the perforation of the mantle and the chamber (32 and / or 33), the känneteck-n adärär, att mans enslutit en perforerad effektiveringsflik (20) som i slut the installation order for the minimum airflow rate (qj), varvid en maximal airflow rate (qo) räder i det öpp on the side (20 ') of the effecting effect, and in which of the 15 perimeters of the perforation (21) of the effect effect (20) is of a value of d = 3 ... 10 mm and of a value of the value (21) of the effect (s) = 7 ... 20 mm in the case of a d / s with a dielectric d and an external diameter of d / s <0,4. 20 2. Ordinance according to claim 1, with reference to the diameter (21) of the effect set (20) with an omission of d = 3-6 mm and with a tolerance of s = 10-15 mm and with a tolerance d / s <0.35. 1 An arrangement according to claims 1 or 2, comprising a number of steps or more than the total number of air chambers (30) in the backbone chamber (32,33), for which a single point of interest (30) is obtained and the maximum number of airflows (q0) in the genome of the effect of the effect (20) and then in the case of the effect (Figure IB) and in the case of the effect chamber (32) and 20) this is due to the fact that the minimum genome (qr) of the lower genome is defined (Figure IA). n 89103 4. An arrangement according to claims 1-3, which is intended to include a minimum or maximum effect (20) and a maximum effect (20) of a maximum of the following maximum, maximum ) the genome is shown on the basis of the reference number (21,31) with proppar (21a), and 5 points or more. 5. An arrangement according to claims 1-4, according to the preceding claims, in which the effect (21) of the effectors (20) is shown in the form of a radar with a plurality of residues (s). 10 6. An arrangement according to claims 1-5, which includes the maximum number of devices (qo) in the case of genome data terminals and effects (20) at the same time, and at least one of these terms (30) the distance to the air flow is measured at the level of the branding system, 15 for the three-hour period Δρ0 = 100 Pa är% = 42 dm1 / s. 7. An arrangement according to claims 1-6, which comprises the following steps (30) and effects (20), and there is no effect on the effects (20) of the present invention with a minimum of 10 parts per second. s och härvid är tryckskillnaden Apj som förorsakas av effektiverings-tliken (20) av Klassen Apj «80 Pa. 8. An arrangement according to claims 1-5, according to the preceding claims, the arrangement of which is integrated into the airfoil (50) head, the stroke setting, the string (30) or the cross-section, fungerar of the genome stem perforation. air springs for the construction and operation of these effects (20) are replaced by air filters (53), with the exception of the effect (30) or with the effect of the effects (20) or with the effect of separating the account from the account, luftröret. 9. An arrangement according to claims 1-5, having a light or an auxiliary means for the air conditioner (55), a light air conditioner for the air conditioner (55); kännetecknad därav, att innanför spridaren (55) finns ett hälrör (30), i arm ända finns en mätkammare (32) och att nämnda hälrör (30) warming the connection to the air ducts (61) with the same diameter as the bushings (60), in addition to 5 effects (20) are found in this section of the anordnats att svänga kring en Axel (23). 10. A method according to claim 9, which comprises the effects (60) of a genome-forming (60a) genome for use in an air-10 circuit (61) with a set of spheres (55) and a medium (see). (61) (Fig. 5).