FI88816B - Procedure and arrangement for placing an object in the ground - Google Patents

Description

Method and apparatus for mounting the part on the ground Förfarande och anordning för att Placera ett föremäl i jorden 3881 6

The invention relates to a method for mounting pipes or similar elongate bodies by pulling on an earth, in which an excavator or a similar mobile device is used as the traction device, in which the traction device is moved along the mounting groove so that the traction sheave associated with the traction The invention further relates to a traction device for pulling a continuous elongate body such as a pipe or the like into the ground by means of a device moving above the ground, the traction device having a traction shoulder projecting into the ground at least to the installation depth, with fastening means for fastening the elongate body.

When relatively thick elongate pieces such as pipes, wires, cables or the like are installed in the ground at a certain depth, the traditional method involves:. an elongate channel or ditch is dug in the ground in which the body is placed, after which the channel is filled. This operation can be alternating, in which case the excavation is carried out first, then the installation work is carried out and finally the trench is filled. In this case, it is still often necessary to temporarily support the trench - · - sides. Excavation and installation of the workpiece can also be carried out continuously, as described, for example, in EP 251 876-A1. In general, these methods can be said to be quite laborious and, in terms of workload::: inefficient because they require · '. several temporary tasks such as moving earth masses and supporting walls.

::: Methods have been further developed to pull the body to the ground: without actually digging the canal. FI application 885830 discloses a method in which a separate traction cable is pulled into the ground by means of a boom mounted on an excavator 2 88816, by means of which the actual pipe is later pulled into place by means of a winch. The disadvantage of this method is that it also has to carry out essentially temporary work, i.e. the installation of a separate traction cable. In addition, in connection with this method, there is a problem that the soil often allows the installation of a thin traction cable, in which case it becomes clear only when drawing the actual pipe that, for example, stones in the planned groove prevent the pipe from being pulled.

In order to eliminate these problems, a method and a device according to the invention have been developed, whereby the features of the invention appear from the appended claims. Thus, the method according to the invention is characterized in that immediately before pulling the piece, the soil is pre-softened by a mechanically rotatable, depth-of-adjustment plasticizer which forms a substantially pre-softened substantially tubular groove in the ground into which the piece is drawn. The device according to the invention is characterized in that a mechanically movable softening device is arranged in front of the fastening means and at substantially the same height to form a modified, pre-softened substantially tubular groove in front of the elongate body with respect to the pulling direction.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:

Figure 1 shows an overview of an arrangement according to the invention, Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of a plasticizer according to an embodiment of the invention,

Figure 3 shows a cross-section of a plasticizer casting rim according to a preferred embodiment,

Figure 4 shows an overview of another embodiment, and

Figure 5 shows an overview of an alternative embodiment.

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According to Figure 1, the arrangement according to the invention comprises an excavator 1 or other ground-moving device known per se. The excavator is preferably provided with a drawbar 2 connected to an adjustable digging boom, which is preferably substantially narrow compared to the diameter of the part to be installed. The lower part of the traction sheave 2 suitably has a softener 3 at the installation depth, which is described in more detail below. By adjusting the working depth of the traction sheave, for example by means of the excavator boom operating means of the excavator, the position of the plasticizer 3 in the soil can be precisely set to the desired installation depth. The arrangement further comprises a drawbar 4 for a pipe or other piece 5 to be mounted, which is preferably somewhat pivotally attached to the drawbar substantially at the level of the softener.

The towing tip 4 can preferably be fastened separately to the towing bracket, for example with a shackle or the like. It is often advantageous in the initial stage of the installation work of the elongate body 5 that there is a short wire 13 between the traction tip 4 and the traction sheave 2, whereby the handling of the body 5 in the initial fitting is facilitated.

According to the invention, the traction is performed in such a way that the traction sheave moves at the installation depth, whereby the plasticizer 3, when operating, forms a tubular groove 6 in the soil, which is formed by the impacted ground. This elongate body 5 attached directly or indirectly to the traction sheave 2 in this groove 6 and moving with the Vantaa 2 strikes, whereby the elongate body 5 attached to the traction sheave 4 follows the movements of the traction sheave 2 and the traction sheave 5 and settles in the groove 6. and a body of relatively large diameter.

Figure 2 shows a more detailed embodiment in which the plasticizer 3 according to the invention is suitably formed. a rotating blade means having two or more shank mixing vanes 8, in some embodiments auxiliary vanes 8a and preferably a throwing belt 9 surrounding these vanes 8, 8a. with respect to the axis of rotation, metal vanes 8, 8a mounted at somewhat different inclinations. The function of the throwing strap 9 is to protect the vanes 8, 8a and to move and push the stones in front of the plasticizer 3 and removed by the vanes 8 out of the groove 6 formed for the part 5 to be mounted. The throwing strap 9 is preferably somewhat oval, as shown in Fig. 3.

In general, the diameter of the softener device corresponds approximately to the diameter of the elongate body 5 and / or the coupling tip 4 connected thereto, but in difficult soils it may be advantageous for the softener 3 to operate with a slightly larger radius than the diameter of the body 5 to be installed. In soft soils, on the other hand, it is sometimes advantageous for the plasticizer 3 to operate in a somewhat narrower area, whereby the groove 6 closely follows the piece 5 to be installed.

In difficult hard or smooth soils, according to a preferred embodiment, the invention can be arranged in such a way that the operation of the plasticizer 3 is promoted and / or the friction limiting the movement of the elongate body 5 drawn into the groove 6 is reduced by applying a suitable lubricant. This is preferably done by means of a nozzle 10 suitably arranged in front of the plasticizer 3 shown in Fig. 4, through which a suitable lubricant such as water or bentonite is pumped in the vicinity of the plasticizer 3. Fig. 4 further shows an embodiment in which the plasticizer device 3 is a rotating suitably conical screw means with one or more external screw vanes 11 extending towards the pullable elongate body 5. In one embodiment the lubricant is fed through a pipe to be installed, and in a further developed embodiment 2 or the energy of the lubricant 5 R 8 81 6 fed through the pipe to be installed, whereby the power can be increased by arranging the suction device in connection with the plasticizer 3 on its other side, for example through the traction sheave 2.

Figure 4 further shows a further advantageous feature according to another embodiment of the invention. The device according to the said figure has a separate removal means 12, along which the soil 5 modified by the softener 3 is preferably continuously at least partially removed from the groove 6 in front of the body 5 to be pulled. Said discharge means 12 is preferably a pipe of suitably oval cross-section leading above the ground, along which the loosened soil material passes under the action of the preferably axially acting helical vanes 11 of the liquid nozzle 10 and the plasticizer 3. Thus, material is removed from the substantially tubular groove formed for the pullable body 5, leaving a soft-shaped cavity around the body into which the body is considerably easy to insert. In some embodiments, the discharge device 12 further comprises an active conveyor for enhancing the transfer operation.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which the pullable body 5 is fastened immediately after the plasticizer 3 during the pulling. In this embodiment, the controllability of the towed body is particularly good. A further embodiment further comprises that the detached or softened soil material is removed via a towed body 5, which in this case must be a hollow, tubular body, the towing tip 4 and / or a separate coupling piece 14 comprising openings 15 which preferably lead to the towed body 5 in. With this arrangement, the softened material is passed for removal through a drawable body, whereby; at the same time, this is at least partially filled temporarily. This::: embodiment is advantageous especially in cases where the traction *:: takes place under very mild conditions, where the buoyancy may otherwise interfere with the traction of the hollow body. In this case, the tubular body may further comprise a separate suitably removable inner liner or a separate temporary discharge pipe 16 running inside the pull-out body 5, schematically shown in Fig. 5 by a broken line. This prevents possible wear damage to the soil in the pipe that remains in place after drawing. The transport of soil in the towed body 5 can be suitably promoted by rinsing the towing head 4 towards the towed body 5.

Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5 show a solution where the plasticizer is located in front of the traction sheave 2. However, within the scope of the invention, the plasticizer 3 can also be arranged so that the plasticizer 3 is located behind the traction sheave before the traction tip 4, and in some special applications the traction tip 4 itself can act as an active plasticizer 3 so that the traction tip 4 has a mechanically movable part. Especially in this embodiment, the plasticizer may suitably consist of a conical vibrator.

Some embodiments of the invention have been described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention encompasses other embodiments within the scope of the claims.

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Claims (14)

A method of pulling pipes or similar elongated pieces in the ground by pulling an excavator or similar device (1) moving, the pulling device (1) being caused to move along a mounting bar, thus, that a truss (2) connected to the tractor (1) which penetrates into the ground pulls the piece (5) connected directly or indirectly to the tractor (2) into the trace which the device forms, characterized in that immediately before the piece is retracted beforehand soften the earths by means of a machine-rotated plasticizer (3) set at the mounting depth, which plasticizer forms a substantially pre-softened barrier in the ground, into which the piece is retracted. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, by bringing in the vicinity of the plasticizer a lubricant, preferably water and / or bentonite, the function of the plasticizer (3) is promoted and / or the resistance limiting the movement of the elongated piece ( 5) to be pulled into the latch (6) formed by the plasticizer. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that before removing the elongated article (5) in the groove (6) from the same, it is preferably continuous to at least partially remove the soil material which the plasticizer processes. 4. A pulling device for pulling into the ground a continuous elongated object (5) such as a pipe or the like by means of a device (1) moving above the ground surface, the pulling device (1) having a pull-out lug (2) extending downwards in the ground at least to the mounting depth and in the lower part of which is fastening means (13) for attaching a pull point (4) for the elongate piece (5), characterized in that a means of force is arranged in front of the fastening means (13) and substantially at the same height. movable plasticizer (3) for forming in the direction of pull seen in front of the elongated piece (5) a processed pre-softened spar (6). n 888U 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the diameter of the plasticizer (3) corresponds substantially to the diameter of the elongated piece (5) and / or the tensile tip (4) connected thereto. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the plasticizer (3) is a rotary wing means suitably rotated by a hydraulic motor, which wing means has two or more mixing blades (8, 8a) and advantageously a throwing belt (9) which surrounds the wings. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the plasticiser's throwing belt is oval in relation to its axis of rotation. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the plasticizer (3) is a rotating preferably conical screw means with one or more outer screw wings (11) which extend in the direction of the elongated piece (5). Device according to any of the claims 4. . 8, characterized in that the plasticizer (3) is an advantageous conical vibrator device. 10. Device according to any of claims 4 ... 9, characterized in that the plasticizer (3) is mounted in front of the drawbar (2), seen in the direction of travel of the device. : ··; 11. Device according to any one of claims 4 ... 10, characterized in that the plasticizer (3) is arranged behind the drawbar, seen in the direction of the wound, preferably in close connection with the drawbar (4) arranged for the longitudinal pull. 2 88816 stretched piece (5). 12. Apparatus according to any one of claims 4 ... 11, characterized in that the towbar (2) joins a feeding tube (10) for supplying sliding and / or flushing liquid in the vicinity of the plasticizer (3) and / or the tip (4) of the elongated piece (5) to be pulled. Device according to any of the claims 4. . 12, characterized in that, to the tractor (2), a means (12) joins upwardly over the ground surface, to remove and guide softened soil material completely or partially away from the substantially movable latch (6) as the plasticizer (3). forms. Device according to any of the claims 4. . 12, characterized in that, in connection with the plasticizer (3) and / or the taper (4) and / or a coupling piece (14), means for conducting softened soil material into the piece (5) to be drawn are provided. preferably there is a removable liner (16), where further advantage is provided of flushing means for transporting the soil material through the piece (5) being pulled. in