FI88652C - Method and method of analysis - Google Patents

Description

88652

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING CONES

The invention relates to a method for drying cones, in which the cone mass is treated by blowing warm air through the mass 5 and, if necessary, by wetting the cone mass. The invention also relates to a cone drying and treatment device for carrying out the method, comprising an air-permeable vessel and a hot air device for blowing heated air through the cone mass placed in the vessel.

10

An important step in the conifer seed production chain is the drying of the cones so that the scales of the cones can be opened and the seeds removed from inside the cone. The cone sheds currently have tower-type silo groups, in which the cones are placed on 15 overlapping shelves, and the drying air blown from below is passed vertically through the silo and the cone mass placed in it. Due to the dryer design, it is impossible to conduct drying air evenly through the entire cone layer, although some degree of stabilization occurs between the different layers 20. As drying progresses, as the volume of the cones increases, the gap decreases and the leveling is less.

As it passes through the cone mass, the drying air becomes humid and thus the last cones in their direction of travel are exposed to the moisture removed from the initial end. As a result, these last cones do not even begin to dry until the upstream cones have already dried to a considerable extent. With this type of dryer, it is not possible to identify other naturally occurring variables with the drying event. However, irrigation has been added to such a dryer, whereby the cones of the lower part in particular are exposed to a reciprocating treatment in which the scales are opened by drying, closed by irrigation and reopened by drying. Such reciprocal processing has proven advantageous.

'; * 35 The main purpose of the treatment of cone pulp is to produce as many germinating seeds as possible per unit weight of cone pulp. Thus, a quantitative yield alone is not sufficient, but the seeds obtained must be germinating in order to benefit from a high yield. In driers such as the present, more efficient drying 2 88652 e.g. with hotter air or an extension of the heating cycle usually cause a decrease in germination.

The object of the present invention is to obviate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a new type of efficient method and apparatus for treating and drying cones, with which seeds can be produced substantially more efficiently than before with high germination. The characteristic features of the method according to the invention are set out in claim 1 and the features of the corresponding device implementing method 10 are set out in claim 6. The invention is largely based on the finding that homogeneous drying is only possible up to an absolutely definable As a result, the cone must be divided into sufficiently small batches and the drying and processing steps must be carried out for each batch separately. The invention also makes it possible to carry out non-heating and irrigation for each cone. In this case, 20 phenomena occurring in nature can be better imitated. Such phenomena include variations in temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, and light. Other preferred embodiments and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following embodiment.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show a cone drying and handling device according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows the processing equipment seen from the side.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the device of Figure 1 from point II-II.

Figure 3 shows a section similar to Figure 2, but with the containers in their transfer position.

The device according to the invention forms a kind of chain conveyor in which the cones drying dishes 2 are connected to each other in succession by means of articulated spacers 5 and the corners of the dishes include wheels 4 for conveying them along the desired path. Here, the containers are moved in the transfer position of the device in the upper rotation 3 88652 9 along the path 6 and in the lower rotation 8 along the path 7, which paths consist of beams placed on the sides of the device. The upper track 6 is formed only in the transfer phase, as shown below. At the feed end, the conveyor includes a normal folding wheel 10 5 for moving containers from a lower turn 8 to an upper turn 9. In contrast, at the discharge end, the arrangement is more complicated. The wheels 4 of the containers are allowed to drip at the end of the track 6 onto a wire 16 which leads them to a lower turn 8. In this way a rapid emptying movement is provided in which the containers turn rapidly downwards 10 to an inclined position to pour the cones into a trough 19 marked with broken lines.

The upper hoppers 1 are connected to the outlet channel 12 by means of a flexible connection 11. The flexible connection 11 allows the hoppers 15 to be lifted upwards by about 10 cm.

Figures 1 and 2 show the device in its drying and handling position, with the containers 2 pressed against the inlet connections 20 23 of the lower hoppers 3 tightly fixed by their lower flange 21 and further the outlet connection 20 of each upper hopper 1 pressed against the upper flange 22 of the respective container. The flanges of both the vessels 2 and the connections 23, 20 are 40 mm wide. The flanges of the inlet and outlet connection 23, 20 have a rubber seal.

When pressed, these simple joints are tight and: a reasonable tolerance range is also allowed for the alignment of the 25 vessels.

In the described test apparatus, the size of the vessels is 1200 mm x 500 mm x 300 mm. In this case, each container can hold about 30 to 40 kg of fresh cones (a layer of about 10 cm), taking into account that the volume of the cones increases up to 2.5 times as they dry. In the device intended for actual production use, the size of the containers is larger (capacity approx. 65 kg), however, being so small that homogeneous handling of the entire batch is possible. In principle, the batch size can be 10 to 100 kg, the optimal batch size is 50 to 70 kg, whereby practical fan powers provide a suitable flow resistance over the cone layer. In the test equipment, each hopper 3 had its own fan, with a flow rate of 0.15 -0.20 m3 / s at a back pressure of 250 Pascals.

4 88652

Figures 2 and 3 show how the transfer of the containers 2 is performed. Figure 2 corresponds to the situation of Figure 1, in which the inlet connection 23 of the lower hopper 3 and the outlet connection 20 of the upper hopper 1 are closed in the container 2. The vessels 2 of the upper circuit 9 lie on the fixed lower funnels 5 3 and the support wheels 4 are in the air. Correspondingly, the upper funnel 1 is placed on the container 2 with its own weight. It can be seen in Figure 2 that the track 6 is at this point spaced from the support wheel 4. The lifting cylinder 13 first lifts the upper hoppers 1 from the container 2 via the beam 14, but the beam 6 must first come up with the adjusted clearance until it reaches the support wheel 4. Then with the upper hopper 1 the upper circuit vessels 2 rise, providing clearances 17 and 18 between the inlet and outlet connections 23, 20 and the flanges 21, 22 of the vessel 2. A stepped compressed air-15 cylinder 15 can then be used to move the vessels one unit forward.

The solution according to the invention enables a simple but reliable sealing structure which is not subjected to any stress during the transfer of the containers.

The upper hoppers 1 include irrigation nozzles and the lower hoppers have drain connections (not shown). The upper funnels l further include ultraviolet lamps for illuminating the cone mass (not shown).

25

Independent units include an automatic control drop with e.g. heat blowing is controlled based on the supply air temperature and empirical data. For more precise control, the system would include a measurement of the humidity of the exhaust air.

30

The device can be used either to fully load all the containers and perform all the steps for each container in the same unit, or each unit can specialize in providing heating, watering or other treatment, moving the containers one step at a time.

Claims (11)

A method for drying cones, in which the cone is treated by blowing warm air through the pulp and, if necessary, by wetting the cone, characterized in that the cone to be treated is divided into small batches of 10 to 100 kg, most preferably 50 to 70 kg and several batches are treated simultaneously. individually by a plurality of independent heating and irrigation unit processes such that the batches 10 are conveyed along a path with said unit processes at regular intervals. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in each batch the untreated cone is divided in the direction of the track into one layer 5 to 30 cm thick, and that the drying is carried out by blowing warm dry air through the layer. 3. Metod enligt patentkrav 1 eller 2, kännetecknad av. In this case, the enhancement process can also be used in the following ways: uptake, torking, coating, extraction, processing with ultraviolet fluid from the pulp as well as processing and processing with the processing process. 8 88652 Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the independent unit processes each carry out at least one of the following operations: heating, drying, irrigation, cooling of the cone pulp, exposure to ultraviolet light, processing delay between the two processing processes. . *. 25 4. Metod enligt patentkrav 2, kännetecknad av. att ätminstone en del av enhetsprocesserna innehäller en alternatlv möjlighet att utföra uppvärmningen genom att bläsa luft antingen under-ifrän uppät eller uppifrän nedät. 5 A method according to claim 2, characterized in that at least some of the unit processes include an alternative possibility to carry out the heating by blowing warm air either from the bottom up or from the top down. '.' 3Ό 5. Metod enligt patentkrav 2, kännetecknad av. att ätminstone en del av enhetsprocesserna innehäller en alternativ möjlighet att utföra bläsningen av den uppvärmda luften antingen med över-eller undertryck. 10 A method according to claim 2, characterized in that * at least some of the unit processes include the alternative possibility of blowing hot air under either overpressure or underpressure. 35 5 88652 6. In the case of tanning and handling according to the method described in claim 1, the ingestion of the fleets and the fleece of the fleece from the fleece of the up to 2 fats of the genome of 15 har formats som en horizontell kedjetransportör, där upptill öppna, med bottengaller försedda kärl (2) med ledade mellanstycken (5) har kopplats bevattningsenheter, vilka var och en ennefattar pä kärlets översida fasttryckbar koppling (23, 20) förfurmningsluften som bildar de första copplingarna, och veri anordningen hör redskap (19, 4, 14) förtert de förflytta de nämnän kopplingarna , kännetecknad av, att anordningen även innefattar pä undersidan av de nämnda kärlen f aftershockbars (23, 20) for uptake of the image and aberrations, and anchors of the redemption (19, 4, 14) for the above-mentioned copying loss from the carriage under the drift. 30 A cone drying and handling device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising an air-permeable container and a hot air device for blowing heated air through the mass placed in the container (2), the device 6 88652 being formed as a horizontal chain conveyor with open bottom grate the vessels (2) are connected to each other by articulated spacers (5) to form an endless chain, the apparatus comprising independent heating and irrigation units formed in connection with a plurality of vessels 5, each comprising a heating air unit (23, 20) pressed onto the top of the vessel, forming first connections, and the device comprises means (19, 4, 14) for moving said connections away from the container during use of the chain conveyor, characterized in that the device also comprises said heating air connections (23, 20) pressed against the undersides of said plurality of containers to form a second t connections, and the device comprises means (19, 4, 14) for moving said second connections out of the container during use of the chain conveyor. 15 7. In addition to the rules of procedure laid down in Article 6 of the patent law, at the end of the period (9) at the end of the year (9) at the end of the year at the end of the banana (6), at the end of the year 35 at the end of the year kopplingarna loss frän kärlen för att möjliggöra deras förflyttande. 9 68652 A cone drying and handling device according to claim 6, characterized in that the containers (2) of the upper circuit (9) are arranged to run along a path (6) which can be lifted by means of a lifting device to detach the first one from the 20 containers. to remove them from the containers to allow their transfer. 8. In addition to the provisions of this Regulation, Articles 6 and 7 of this Regulation apply. att varth oc ett ett av karien (2) innefattar pä BAda sldor tvA efter varandra account banan (6) anpassade bärhjulul (4) och den transportkedja som bildas av de 5 5fter varandra kopplade karien är i den änden placerad för att Stiga frAn det undre the end (8) of the end of the dead end (9) and the end of the dead end (4) the end of the end of the dead end (9) the end of the end (9) of the wire (16) or the end of the dead end, vilken leder dessa account 10 det undre végets (8) bana (7). Cones according to claim 6 or 7. ·. drying and handling device, characterized in that each container (2) has two consecutive sides,.! a support wheel (4) arranged on the track (6) and a conveyor chain formed by successively connected containers are set at one end to rise from the lower turn (8) to the upper turn around the deflection wheel (9) and at the opposite end the support wheels (4) are arranged to fall 3Ό from the upper turn (9) access to a wire (16) or the like which leads them to the track (7) of the lower turn (8). 9. In addition to the provisions of this Regulation, paragraph 7 is replaced by the following: to be copied with a fast placer and to the end and to end, sA to varje 15 copying placer sig mot botten av det kärl som befinner sig mitt för i driftställning och Atminstone en del av de andra copplingarna medelst en flexibel kanal är anslutna account en gemensam channel, and anordningen innehAller redskap för att ansluta varmluftsblAsningen account de första copplingarna eller 20 account de nämnda andra kopplingarna samtidigt som de motstäende kopplingarna ansluts account utloppskanalen. A cone drying and handling device according to claim 7, characterized in that the first joints are fixedly positioned between the lower and upper turns so that each joint is fixed to the bottom of the container in the operating position and at least some of the second joints are connected by a flexible channel to a common duct, and the device includes means for connecting hot air blowing to the first common or said second common while connecting the opposite to the exhaust duct. 10. In addition to the provisions of this Regulation, paragraphs 6 to 9 of this Regulation apply. Fig. 25 and 25 of the English version (23, 22) and cartilage (2) above and below the inner flange and end flange of the base pack and the rubber packing. A cone drying and handling device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the inlet and outlet connection (23, 22) and the upper and lower edges of the containers (2) comprise flanges and in each connection one of the flanges has a rubber seal or the like. A cone drying and handling device according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the inlet connection (23) belongs to an air distribution / exhaust hood (3), characterized in that the hood comprises one for a drain line. 15 20 l. A method for loading the genome into a single mass of the genome is followed by the introduction of the genome as a whole. with a mass of between 10 and 100 kg, with a weight of between 50 and 70 kg, and with the same weight as the individual parts .35 Elite with a maximum of one step for each part, up to a maximum of the transporter is an envelope, which is best used to increase the process. "- * 30 2. The method according to claim 1, which comprises the use of a shielding mass and a shield batch for a period of 5 to 30 cm, is carried out in a banana, and in this case the genome is present. 11. In the process of arranging for 30 or more claims according to claims 6-9, the English copy (23) has been provided with an unrestricted / 3-way link (3). the undesired ingestion of the feed line.