FI87823B - VAKUUMINSAMLINGSSYSTEM FOER AVFALLSVATTEN - Google Patents

Description

1 37823 Sewage vacuum collection system

The invention relates to a vacuum effluent collection system with a vacuum tank connected to supply pipes 5 toilets, urinals, raw water, etc. discharge tanks, and a vacuum pump which provides a vacuum to the vacuum tank by means of a suction pipe and which is intended to pump liquid and from a tank to a storage tank or the like.

10 Toilet sewage vacuum collection systems have been known for several decades. Such systems were originally developed for airplanes and trains. Aircraft in particular have been forced to reduce the amount of water carried in order to reduce the overall weight of the aircraft.

15 Thus, an important advantage of a toilet vacuum collection system is that the amount of water used for each flush is very small. For conventional toilets, using 8-10 liters of water for each flush to vacuum toilets requires only less than 1.5 liters, respectively.

20 Although vacuum collection systems have been used for the above purposes, they have evolved over the last two decades and are now being used on an increasing scale, both on board ships and on land. Additional benefits include: 25 Demand for wastewater treatment is constantly growing. As the amount of rinsing water is now lower than in conventional systems, the amount of wastewater to be treated is also lower and the treatment cost is reduced.

: The lack of clean water (drinking water) due to pouch guarantees, environmental pollution and other factors is constantly increasing. Sewage vacuum collection systems' ··, have a positive effect on reducing the consumption of clean water.

In conventional wastewater collection systems, 35 outlet pipes and possible wastewater collection tanks are installed as 2 87823 units downstream of toilets and the like (drop height). However, this is not necessary in vacuum collection systems, since vacuum outlet pipes and also waste water vacuum collection tanks can also be installed upstream. For this reason, the installation of wastewater vacuum collection systems is made more flexible.

The possibility of a leak in a vacuum wastewater collection system is lower than in conventional systems because the wastewater is transferred by a vacuum rack.

Some notable advantages have been presented above.

However, wastewater vacuum collection systems also present both practical and actual operational problems.

In one known design type of wastewater vacuum collection system, the vacuum in the vacuum tank is provided by a vacuum pump, while the wastewater in the vacuum tank is pumped out of the tank by a separate centrifugal pump. To empty the tank, the vacuum pump must be stopped, which will cause the operation to stop (toilets cannot be used). It has also been established that toilets are used for purposes other than those for which they were originally intended, that is to say, they dispose of various household waste, such as plastic bags, bottle caps, hand towels, sanitary ware and the like. Such objects easily clog the impeller of the central pump and prevent the vacuum tank from being emptied, which again causes downtime and increases maintenance costs.

It is therefore a main object of the present invention to provide a wastewater vacuum collection system which does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks, i.e. in which the pumps are not blocked and which operates without interruption.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a wastewater vacuum collection system that consumes less energy, which in turn is based on the use of more efficient vacuum pumps.

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According to the invention, the above-mentioned advantages are achieved in that the vacuum container of the vacuum collection system is divided by an air and liquid permeable partition plate or wall into two chambers, a first chamber to which a supply pipe is connected and a second chamber to which a suction pipe is connected. to the first chamber to grind the solid particles into small pieces and transfer them with the liquid (wastewater) present in the first chamber to the second chamber with a duct tube.

The invention will now be described in more detail by means of examples and with reference to the drawings, in which Figure 1 schematically shows a vacuum collection system for waste water according to the invention, and Figure 2 shows another structure of a vacuum container for the system according to Figure 1.

As can be seen from Figure 1, the wastewater vacuum collection system comprises a vacuum tank 1 connected on one side to a supply line 6 and on the other side 20 to a suction pipe 7 connected to the vacuum pumps 4.

The vacuum container 1 is divided into two chambers by a 'dividing plate' 10. According to Figure 1, the dividing plate 10 is a grating, perforated plate or the like and is partly conical and has a 'partially bent tubular portion extending downwards from the center of the plate 10 , to the lower chamber 8, the number of chambers 8, 9 being then two. Wastewater with feces, urine, sanitary waste, and so on flows into the first chamber 8 • Y: from toilets, urinals, etc. (not shown) along the supply pipe 6. Water, or indeed liquid components, which flow into the first chamber 8 can flow. * ·· 'freely into the upper, second chamber 9 through the grate 10.

However, the solids entering the first chamber 8 are ground by a grinder 3 located in the lower part 35 of the chamber 8 and then pumped with the respective liquid into the second chamber 9 along the connecting pipe 11.

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The refiner may be a combined refiner and pump device or a refiner with a separate drive connected to a pump with a separate drive. In addition, the refiner may be either continuous or cyclic. The mode of operation selected in this context depends on the power of the grinder, the amount of material to be ground and other factors.

The effluent, air and ground solids in the second chamber 9 are pumped out of the chamber 10 via a suction pipe 7 by a vacuum pump which is a screw pump 4. The effluent and solid particles are then directed by an outlet pipe 13 to a storage tank (not shown), a water treatment plant or the like. while the air is removed by the air exhaust pipe 16.

In the schematic drawing of Figure 1, the vacuum collection unit is provided with two pumps 4 with separate actuators, which can be operated separately by means of pipes 14, 15 and two-way valves 5 and can be connected in parallel, whereby they can be operated simultaneously. This is done for safety reasons to avoid interruptions and to arrange the spare capacity of the unit.

The vacuum of the vacuum tank 1 is kept at a sufficient level, i.e. 30-40%, by screw pumps 4 which are started and stopped by a drive unit (not shown). The pump drive unit can be a vacuum detector (pressure switch) located in the tank 1 and connected to the pump start relay.

To prevent the suction power of the screw pumps 4 from being reduced: the supply pipes 12 are connected to the suction opening of the pumps for supplying the supply water. The feed water is supplied by pipes 12 from a feed water tank 2 arranged in an outlet pipe 13. In the example under consideration, the feed water is the waste water of the pumps 4. However, other wastewater or clean water can be used instead of wastewater. The use of screw-35 pumps as vacuum pumps is therefore an important advantage of the present invention and can be widely used because the solids in the vacuum tank are ground before they enter the vacuum pumps. The advantages are therefore based on the fact that screw pumps have a higher power and 5 lower maintenance costs than other types of vacuum pumps.

Although screw pumps are preferred in the present example, other types of vacuum pumps, for example ejector pumps, can also be used within the scope of the invention. 10 Even with these pumps, maintenance costs are reduced and clogging problems are eliminated.

Figure 2 shows another vacuum container according to the invention. Also in this example, the vacuum container is divided into two chambers 8, 9. However, the partition plate 17 is now a plate with an upwardly directed tube 18. The tube 18 comes somewhat inside the upper chamber 9 and connects this chamber to the lower chamber 8. The air entering the lower chamber 8 flows through the pipe 18 to the upper chamber 9, while the wastewater and solid particles therein entering the lower chamber 20 are ground by a grinder and then transferred to the upper chamber 9 by the connecting pipe 19.

The refiner is started by a signal coming from a toggle switch 20 located in the lower chamber 8 and which stops. . stored by a timer relay. The purpose of the pipe 18, as already mentioned above, is essentially to allow air to flow freely into the upper chamber 9, so that a similar pressure is obtained in both chambers 8, 9. However, the pipe 18 also acts as a return pipe if the wastewater in the upper chamber reaches the level at which the pipe 18 ends.

::: 30 The advantage of the vacuum pump shown in Figure 2 is that it already operates only when necessary, i.e. when: the wastewater exceeds the level at which the toggle switch 20 is activated. In the example shown in Figure 1, the grinder must be in operation for long periods of time to ensure that all solids in the chamber 35 are ground to a minimum.

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In the previous examples, the supply lines 6 and the refiner 3 are connected to the lower chamber 8, while the suction pipe 7 is connected to the upper chamber 9. However, according to the invention it is possible to arrange these connections opposite, i.e. by connecting the supply line 6 and the refiner 3 to the upper chamber 9 and the suction pipe 7 to the lower chamber 8. In this case, it is natural to use a refiner 3, which is a pump-free refiner arranged close to the distribution plate 10, 17, so that the solid particles in the chamber 9, which are finely ground with a refiner, fall freely into the lower chamber 8.

Furthermore, according to the invention, it is also possible to use a vertical partition or plate, with which two parallel chambers are obtained, instead of the horizontal partition plate 10, 17 shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Claims (5)

A sewer water vacuum collection system, comprising a vacuum container (1), which is connected to toilets, urinal, fountain water and other wastewater by means of a feeding tube 5 (6) and a vacuum pump (4) which is connected to a suction pipe (7). vacuum is provided in the vacuum container (1) which is intended to degrade liquid and also the disintegrated solid particles from the container (1) into a storage container or equivalent, characterized in that the vacuum container (1) has by means of an air and a water-permeable manifold or wall (10) is divided into two chambers, a first chamber (8) to which the feeding tube (6) has been connected, and a second chamber (9) to which the suction tube (7) has been connected, a percolator (3) known per se is provided in the first chamber (8) for grinding the solid particles finely and for moving the ground solid particles with liquid (sewer water) contained in the first chamber (8). the second chamber (9) with til 1-20 by means of a connecting tube (11). 2. Sewage water vacuum collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum pump (4) is a screw pump or two or more separators. . rata pumps and with the aid of pipes (14, 15) parallel coupled screw pumps, which can operate separately or at the same time, are used and that the pump or pumps (4) are provided - "with supply pipes (12) to supply feed water to the pump inlets. V: 3. Sewage water vacuum collection system according to:: claim 2, characterized in that the feed water supply pipe (12) is connected to a feed water container (2), which is located in the screw pump drain pipe (13), is sewage from the vacuum container. 35 10 87823 4. Sewage water vacuum collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributor disk is a heel plate, a crosspiece or the like. 5. Sewage water vacuum collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributor plate (17) is provided with a tube (18) which enters the second chamber (9), the lower chamber (8) being joined to the upper chamber (9) by means of said tube (18) and the grinder is started with a rocker switch (20), which is in the chamber (8), and stopped with a timing adjustment switch or relay.