FI84417C - Rotary mower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to rotary mowers driven from below. According to the invention, shafts (18) and wheels (23) have at least their operational dimensions approximately identical, and alternate wheels (23) take two different positions in relation to the shafts (18). Moreover, when one of the disks (5, 6) is inclined in relation to an adjacent disk, the wheel (23) of the disk most inclined toward the front is farther from the disk (5, 6) than the wheel (23) is from the adjacent disk (5, 6). Moreover, the housing (4) comprises a sliding member (30) which at least partially closes the front part and/or the lower part of the housing (4).

Description

1 84417

Rotary mower. - Roterande slättermaskin.

The present invention relates to a rotary mower according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2.

A mower is previously known whose traction devices include belt-driven wheels wedged on vertical shafts. However, with this drive mechanism, it is not possible to ensure the uniformity of the cutting movement of the machine. In practice, the belt may slide over the wheels during operation of the mower due to the fact that the operation of one of the cutting members attached to the wheels slows down or stops within a certain time for some reason (external obstacles, large grain bundles, etc.).

In addition, as is known, when the asynchronization of two adjacent cutting members reaches a certain value, the Cutting Tools contained in the cutting members may collide with each other if they are set at the same level. Such a collision may cause said cutting tools to break or become stuck.

Due to the increased rotational speed of the cutting members, a cutting tool that is broken or detached from the cutting member can cause serious accidents to persons in the vicinity of the mower or to the operator himself. In addition, a cutting member with or without a broken cutting tool performs its work unsatisfactorily.

To remedy this serious drawback, the two adjacent cutting members of a known mower have been moved apart in height so that they have different levels of rotation. Thus, the cutting tools of adjacent cutting members can no longer collide with each other, even if the operation of these cutting members takes place at different rates.

2 84417 The disadvantage of this known mower is that the vertical axes of the different adjacent cutting members are different. As a result, two or more types of shafts have to be manufactured, which in turn increases the cost of the machines.

Another mower of this type is also known, which similarly includes adjacent cutting members rotating at different levels. In this machine, the vertical axes to which the cutting members are attached are identical to each other and the difference between said cutting members is achieved by means of crossbeams placed between the shaft and the cutting member, whereby the cutting member must be higher than the axis.

This second known mower has two drawbacks. The first disadvantage is, in practice, that when the upper cutting element is replaced after it has been repaired or replaced, the repairer cannot insert the crossbeams between the shaft and the cutting element. This poses a serious risk of accidents when operating the machine.

Another disadvantage is that in this case it is necessary to make additional support pieces for the crossbeams. This thus also raises the price of the machine.

Yet another type of mower is known, comprising a pair of adjacent cutting members, one of which is inclined with respect to the other. Due to this inclination, the cutting members can rotate at different rotational levels, the points of the extreme trajectories of the cutting tools contained in said cutting members being substantially in the same plane with respect to the ground.

In connection with this mowing machine structure, the traction drive of the cutting members is set to act downwards in a manner known per se, i.e. simply by tilting one cutting member relative to the adjacent cutting member, whereby the cutting height becomes 3,84417 relatively important. In fact, given the dimensions of the cutting members of this known mower, the thickness of the housing below the cutting members must be sufficient to allow a transfer device, such as a belt, to pass from one cutting member wheel to an adjacent cutting member wheel.

However, an increase in cutting height is not desirable in this context.

Another major disadvantage of certain known mowers is that the front of the housing slides directly along the ground, protecting the cutting members. However, this front part of the housing is then exposed to heavy wear and to greater or lesser impact effects, which can render the housing unusable after a certain period of use. As the housing is made of a single part, it must be completely replaced, which imposes considerable costs on the user of the machine.

In connection with other mowers, it is known to attach to the front of the housing support pieces which form a cutting bar which slides along the ground and protects the cutting members. These pieces can thus be replaced after replacement. However, these support pieces make the cutting bar heavy and also require a lightening device to achieve a lighter contact with the ground during operation of the machine.

In addition, these supports increase the cost of the mower.

It is an object of the present invention to remedy the various disadvantages of known mowers. For this purpose, the mower according to the invention is characterized by the features according to the characterizing part of claims 1 and 2.

4,84417 With the arrangement according to the present invention, it is not necessary to use two different shafts or support beams placed between two adjacent cutting members rotating at different levels. This avoids additional costs and also the storage of these aids. Likewise, the risk of accidents due to poor installation is eliminated.

The two positions taken by the wheel with respect to the axis can be sensibly chosen so that the part of the wheel making the movement comes almost flush with the housing in each of said axially different positions.

The axles and / or wheels are preferably completely identical to each other.

A simple embodiment of the invention comprises a wheel whose hub is spaced axially with respect to the axis of symmetry of the part of the wheel making the movement, the wheel hub being substantially above the plane of symmetry for the upper cutting member and substantially below said plane of symmetry for the lower cutting member.

.The wheel is preferably attached to the axle with a detachable joint.

According to a further feature of the invention, the bearings of two adjacent cutting members are different.

According to another further feature of the invention, it is possible to further reduce the cost of the mower by making the bearings of both cutting members completely identical. In this case, the bearings may be in two positions relative to the box, or the upper part of said box may include recesses which raise the bearings of the upper cutting members.

5,84417

According to another basic feature, one of the pairs of adjacent cutting members is inclined with respect to the second cutting member in a manner known per se, whereby the wheel of the forward-sloping cutting member is farther from this cutting member than the wheel of the other cutting member.

According to this feature, it is possible to manufacture a mowing machine comprising at least one pair of adjacent cutting members, one of these cutting members being inclined with respect to the other cutting member, without increasing the cutting height but still allowing a transfer device such as a belt to pass from one wheel to another.

In fact, the fact that the wheel of the forward-sloping cutting member is farther from it than the wheel of the adjacent cutting member thus allows these two wheels to operate at relatively close levels.

According to a third basic feature, the housing of the mower comprises sliders which at least partially enclose the front part and / or the lower part of said housing. These sliders are preferably mounted on the housing in a removable manner.

The sliders thus form a complementary part of the mower housing so that the weight of the cutting bar can be kept low without having to replace the entire housing after said sliders have been used up.

According to an additional feature, said sliders also protect the front of the cutting members.

The shape of said sliders can be optimized as they are made by casting.

6 84417

Other advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the following non-limiting examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows a rear view of a cutting bar of a mower according to the invention,

Fig. 2a shows a section according to plane Ha of the cutting bar of the mower according to the invention shown in Fig. 1,

Fig. 2b shows a section according to plane Hb of the cutting bar shown in Fig. 1 of a mower according to the invention,

Fig. 3a shows a section according to plane lila from a cutting bar included in a second embodiment of a mower according to the invention,

Fig. 3b shows a section according to plane IIIb of a cutting bar included in a second embodiment of a mower according to the invention,

Fig. 4a shows a section according to plane IVa of a cutting bar included in a third embodiment of a mower according to the invention,

Fig. 4b shows a section according to plane IVb of a cutting bar included in a third embodiment of a mower according to the invention,

Fig. 5 shows a section illustrating the connection between the axle and the wheel according to the plane V,

Fig. 6a shows a section according to plane Via of a cutting bar included in a fourth embodiment of a mower according to the invention, 7 84417

Fig. 6b shows a section according to plane VIb of a cutting bar included in a fourth embodiment of a mower according to the invention,

Fig. 7 shows a top view of the housing of the cutting bar according to Figs. 2a and 2b,

Figure 8 shows a section according to level VIII,

Figure 9 shows a section according to level IX.

Fig. 1 shows the cutting bar 1 of the mower 2. This mower 2 further comprises a coupling mechanism 3 only partially shown in the figure, by means of which the cutting bar 1 can be connected to a tractor used in agriculture, for example.

The cutting rod 1 includes a housing 4 in which are placed cutting means pulling devices, such as plates 5, 6. The plates 5, 6 are placed in the upper part of the housing 4 and are provided with cutting tools such as blades 7. At the end of the cutting rod 1 away from the clutch mechanism 3 is placed on top of the rotating class device 8. This grading device 8 cooperates with the fixed grading device 9, reducing the size of the grades of cut grain placed at the rear of the cutting bar 1.

At the end of the cutting rod 1 on the side of the clutch mechanism 3 there is a transfer housing 10. This transfer housing 10 transmits the movement of the belt 11 to the traction devices in the housing 4 of the cutting rod 1. To this end, the transfer case 10 includes a pulley 12 through which the belt 11 passes, this belt further passing through a second pulley supported by the clutch mechanism 3 and not shown in the figure, transmitting traction directly via a force transmission arm not shown in the figure.

A brake shoe 13 is placed under the transfer housing 10, which allows this end of the cutting rod 1 to slide along the ground surface and which prevents the cut grain from sticking to the transfer housing 10.

Above the cutting bar 1 there is a support 14 which supports the protective device 15.

As can be seen from the following figures, the operation of the traction devices placed in the housing 4 cannot be disturbed when the discs 5,6 operate at different rates when using the mower. In order to avoid a collision between the blades 7, the plates 5 rotate at different and higher levels with respect to the planes of rotation of the plate 6. The blades 7 can thus operate in common planar zones without touching each other approximately simultaneously after their asynchronization.

Figure 2a shows the structure of the top plate 5. The plate 5 is provided with blades 7 which, by means of a joint, are arranged to pivot backwards from both sides under the plate 5 when they encounter an external obstacle. The plate 5 is fixed to the traction device 16 by means of screws 17. The drive device 16 itself is again fixed to the vertical shaft 18 by means of a pin 19. The rotational movement of the shaft 18 is controlled by means of a bearing surface 20 comprising two bearings 21. This bearing surface 20 is fixed to the housing 4 by means of a screw 22. The shaft 18 inside the housing 4 is fixed to the wheel 23. This connection is preferably detachable. In the case shown in Figure 2a, the rotary connection is made by means of a retaining pin 24 and the transfer connection by means of a spring ring 25 and a flange 251 of the shaft 18.

The wheel 23 is driven by an endless transfer member, such as a hexagonal belt 26.

The housing 4 comprises an almost flat cover 27 and a base 28. The base 28 forms a trough with a rear part 29 84417 made of bent sheet metal and sliders 30. The sliders 30 allow the cutting bar 1 to slide along the ground surface 31. For this purpose, they are made in the shape of a ski. Since these sliders 30 are subject to heavy wear, it is recommended to be able to replace them quickly. For this purpose, the sliders 30 are detachably fastened to the rear part 29 and to the cover 27 by means of screws 32 (see Figures 7 and 8) and to the front only by means of the screws 33 of the cover 27. The cover 27 and the rear part 29 are in turn fastened to each other by means of screws 34.

In order to reduce the weight of the housing 4, the sliders 30 form a complementary part of the housing 4, enclosing the front part of said housing 4 and partly also its lower surface.

Figure 2b shows the structure of the lower plate 6. The numbers have the same meaning as in Figure 2a. The lower plate 6 is also provided with blades 7. This plate 6 is fixed to the traction device by means of a screw 17. As in Fig. 2a, the traction device 16 is in turn fixed to the vertical shaft 18 by means of a pin 19.

The rotational movement of the shaft 18 is controlled by means of a bearing surface 35 comprising two bearings 21. Said bearing surface 35 is fixed on the housing 4, i.e. by means of a screw 22 on the cover 27.

As shown in Fig. 2b, the shaft 18 of the lower plate 6 penetrates deeper into the housing 4 than the shaft 18 of the upper plate 5. The deeper penetration of this shaft 18 is due to a bearing surface 35 lower than the bearing surface 20 of the upper plate 5. The height difference 5 between these two bearing surfaces 20 and 35 and the transition between the bottom plate 6.

In order to allow the belt 26 to rotate in substantially the same plane, the displacement parts of the wheels 23 of the upper plate 5 and the lower plate 6, i.e. the sink parts 36, are set at approximately the same plane. This result is achieved in that the wheel 23 of the lower plate 6 ίο 84 41 7 is in a different position with respect to its axis 18 than the wheel 23 of the upper plate 5. To this end, the wheels 23 have a hub portion 38 eccentrically with respect to the synunetry plane 37 of the throat position 36. Thus, in connection with the upper plate 5, the hub 38 of the wheel 23 is located substantially above the plane of symmetry 37 of the throat point 36, while in the case of the lower plate 6 the hub 38 of the wheel 23 is located closest below the synunetria plane 37 of its throat position 36.

It is further shown from Figure 2b that the plate 6 is provided with a stopping device 39 which limits the rotational movement of the blades 7. This device protects the bearing surface 35 as the blade 7 moves below the plate.

At the same time, this stopping device 39 can also act as a stiffener for the plate.

Figures 3a and 3b show another embodiment of the invention. In this connection, parts which are completely described but which are located higher are denoted by the same numbers, and this embodiment will no longer be described in more detail.

In this example, the plates 5 and 6 are provided with a welding device 40 fixed directly by welding. This combination is then fixed to the vertical shaft 41. The rotary joint is formed by a reaming groove formed in the drive device 40 which cooperates with the grooves of the shaft 41. guides the bearing surface 44 via two bearings 21. In this example, the bearing surfaces 44 of the upper and lower plates 5 and 6 are similar. The height difference of the plates 5 and 6 is achieved by placing a crossbeam 45 between the bearing surface 44 and the upper surface of the housing 4, the thickness of which corresponds to the intended height difference between the upper plate 5 and the lower plate 6.

The cross member 45 is preferably fastened by means of the same screws 46 11 8441 7 which fasten the bearing surface 44 to the upper surface of the housing 4. For this purpose, it can be seen from the figure that these screws 46 are longer than the screws 47 securing the bearing surface 44 of the lower plate 6 to the upper surface of the housing.

In order to prevent neutralization of the forces which may be exerted on the plates 5, 6 only by the action of the screws 46 or 47 and the bearing surface 44, the crossbar of the upper plate 5 and the bearing surface 44 of the lower plate 6 are centered on the housing 4, this housing containing openings 48 for this purpose. the bearing surface 44 is centered with respect to the cross member 45 by means of a lower bearing 21. For this purpose, the cross member 45 includes a bore 49 into which the lower bearing 21 partially penetrates. In the second case, the cross beam 45 is centered in the housing 4 by means of a centering flange 50 penetrating the opening 48 of this housing.

In the case of the lower plate 6, the lower bearing 21 immediately partially penetrates the groove 48 of the housing 4.

It should be noted that during the operation of the top plate 5, its position can no longer be adjusted because the cross beam 45 is in place.

Figures 4a and 4b show a third exemplary embodiment of the invention. The same parts are denoted by the reference numerals previously used, and their operation is no longer described in more detail.

In this example, the plates 5 and 6 are provided with a drive device 51 welded immediately in place. The device combination is mounted on the vertical shaft 18 and fixed in place by means of a pin 19. The rotational movement of the shaft 18 is controlled by the bearing surface 52 by means of two bearings 21. In this embodiment, the bearings 52 of the upper and lower plates 5 and 6 are completely similar. These bearing surfaces 52 of i2 8441 7 include two support surfaces 53 and 54. The support surfaces 53, 54 are at different heights in the axial direction and the distance between them corresponds to the distance between the upper and lower plates 5 and 6. In addition, the support surfaces 53 and 54 are also radially spaced apart. Thus, the support surface 54 is radially farther from the shaft 55 of the bearing surface 52 than the support surface 53.

The bearing surface 52 for the top plate 5 is thus supported on the upper part 56 of the housing 4 by means of a support surface 53 and is fixed to it by means of screws 57. In this case, the upper portion 56 of the housing 4 includes a small bore 58 that allows the shaft 18 to penetrate the housing 4. The radius of this small bore hole 58 is less than the radial distance of the bearing surface 53 from the shaft 55 of the bearing surface 52.

In connection with the lower plate 6, the bearing surface 52 penetrates into the upper part 56 of the housing 4 via the support surface 54 and is fixed to it by means of screws 59. In this case, the upper portion 56 of the housing 4 includes a large bore 60 that allows the shaft 18 and the support surface 53 to extend into the housing 4. The radius of this large bore 60 is greater than the radial distance of the bearing surface 53 from the bearing surface 52 axis 55; 52 of said shaft 55.

In this third embodiment of the invention, the wheel 23 is also detachably attached to the shaft 18. The rotational connection is ensured by a flat surface 61 of the shaft 18, which cooperates with the wide hole 62 in the part 38 of the wheel 23 (see Fig. 5).

The housing 4 is made slightly different from the previous examples. Namely, the upper part 56 of the housing 4 is bent backwards in a U-shape on its side, so that the rear part 63 of the base 28 is flat. As in the previous embodiments i3 8441 7, the sliders 30 are fixed to the rear part 63 by means of screws 32 to form a base 28. This base 28 is further secured to the top 56 by screws 33 and 64.

Figures 6a and 6b show a fourth embodiment of the invention. The same parts are denoted by corresponding reference numerals and their operation will not be described in more detail in this context.

In connection with this embodiment and as shown in Fig. 6a, the upper plate 5 is tilted forward in a known manner so that the blades 7 of the upper plate 5 travel in their extreme position approximately the same distance 65 from the ground 31 as the blades 31 of the lower plate 6, so at critical points. The operation of the mower is then even more reliable.

In this embodiment, the rotational movement of the shafts 18 of the upper and lower plates 5 and 6 is controlled by means of similar bearing surfaces 66. The bearing surfaces 66 are fixed to the upper part 67 of the housing 4 by means of screws 59 which are the same for both the upper and lower plates 5 and 6. The difference in height of the upper plates 5 is achieved by means of thickenings 68 made in the upper part 67, for example by bending or deep drawing. These thickenings 68 extend to the attachment points of the top plates 5 and are also used to determine the slope of said top plates 5.

The tip of the thickeners 68 also extends relatively close to the stop members 39 of the plates 5 and 6. These stop members 39 are thus able to perform an additional function compared to the operation of the sub-plates 6 of the previous exemplary embodiments. This additional task comprises forming a protective plate which prevents the debris or wire-like pieces from wrapping around the bearing 66 and the adhesion of such grain debris or foreign objects between the plates 5, 6 and said bearing surfaces 66 i 8 8441 7. The bearings 21 are thus effectively protected, which increases their service life. It should also be noted that in connection with the embodiment of Fig. 3a, a cross beam 45 placed under the plate 5 can also extend below the plate 5 stop device 39 within the scope of the invention, forming a protective plate preventing grain waste or wire-like pieces from entering under the plate 5.

As shown in Fig. 1, a plate 6 located at the distal end of the cutting mechanism 1 of the cutting rod 1 is placed on the class device 8.

Since this grading device 8 has to move laterally the grain cut by the plate 6, its use requires a sufficiently high power. To this end, it is recommended that the belt 26 rotates in a maximum manner around a wheel 23 fixed to said plate 6. Since the plates 5 and 6 rotate in opposite directions, the belt 26 must therefore pass through certain points on its way from the rear of the inclined wheel 23 to the adjacent wheel 231. Thus, this rear part of the inclined wheel 23 is higher than the wheel 231. However, the housing 4 must be of suitable thickness to allow the belt 26 to run freely. In order to keep this thickness as small as possible and thus maintain an acceptable cutting height 65, it can be seen from Figures 6a and 6b that the wheel 23 of the forward inclined plate 5 is further from said plate 5 than the corresponding wheel 231 of the adjacent plate 6. decreases.

However, it is possible on the other side that the belt 26 enters the inclined wheels 23 from their front. Since the front of these inclined wheels 23 is at the same level as the wheels 231 (in Figs. 6a and 6b the belt 26 is marked in horizontal and diagonal lines), the belt 26 can thus move at approximately the same level.

As can be seen from the above, this embodiment of the invention 8441 7 is quite economically advantageous because the inclined plates 5 and the plates 6, shafts 18, wheels 23, 231, bearing surfaces 66 and screws 59 securing these bearing surfaces 66 to the upper part 67 of the housing 4 are completely similar.

In addition, in both cases, the bearing surfaces 66 are centered on the top 67 of the housing 4, with the stop devices 39 in each case forming a protective plate with the top 67 of the housing 4.

Of course, within the scope of the invention, it is also possible to use an embodiment in which the plates 5 are not inclined, but are simply placed axially at different heights with respect to the plates 6.

Figure 7 shows in more detail the structure of the housing 4.

This housing 4 is used, for example, in the mower shown in Figures 2a and 2b. As described above, the sliders 30 form a complementary part of the housing 4. They are fixed to the rear part 29 of the cover 27 and the base 28 by means of two screws 32 and one screw 33. The position of the screws 32 is shown in section on a larger scale in Figure 8. Each slider 30 comprises two hubs 70, each having a threaded hole 71. The rear portion 29 of the base 28 is provided with crossbeams 72 to which it is welded and which extend to the cover 27. The screw 32 is fastened transversely from above through the cover 27, the corresponding cross member 28 and the rear part 29 of the base 28 and is then fastened to the threaded hole 71 of the corresponding center piece 70.

It thus secures the slider 30, the rear part 29 of the base 28 and the cover 27 to each other, whereby the structure of the housing 4 is strengthened.

It can be seen from Figure 7 that the leading edge 73 of the slider 30 is substantially circular in shape and centered on its sides on the axis of rotation of the corresponding plate. This leading edge 73 preferably extends slightly to the other side of the trajectory of the rotation of said plate i6 8441 7. Thus, the slider 30 is also able to protect the leading edge of the plate.

In the space between the two adjacent sliders 30, there is an element 74 which, according to Fig. 9, is relatively sharp-tipped to prevent grain waste from sticking between the sliders 30. The element 74 is fixed to the rear part 29 of the base 28 by means of a single screw 75 which runs across said element and is threaded into a nut 76 welded to the vertical edge of said rear part 29.

It is clear that the invention is not limited to the application examples described above, but that these applications can be combined and improved without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the traction devices of the plates 5, 6 may be different from the wheels 23, 231 and the belt 26. They can be formed, for example, in combination with friction wheels or the like.

Claims (11)

A rotary smoothing machine (2) provided with a first group of cutting means (5,7) forming a first cutting plane, and with a second group of cutting means (6,7) forming a second cutting plane which is lower than the first cutting plane, wherein the cutting means (5,6; 6,7) are placed on a drawer (4), so that over the length of the leather (4), which as a pair of adjacent cutting means (5,7; 6,7) comprises a first group cutting means (5.7) and a second group of cutting means (6.7), wherein the cutting means (5.7; 6.7) are each connected to a corresponding vertical axis (18) which rotates in a corresponding, on an upper part ( 27) provided by the drawer (4) bearing body (20, 35), wherein the cutting means (5,6; 6,7) are rotated by drive means (23, 26), which are located in the drawer (4) and which can function desynchronously and comprise at least one belt wheel (23) attached to the respective vertical shaft (18), the shafts (18), and analogously the wheels (23) being identical at least to all underneath rotated cutting means (5.7 ; 6.7), and wherein all cutting means (5.7; 6,7) wheels (23) are at least substantially in the same tab in the drawer (4), characterized in that the shafts (18) and the wheels (23) are in separate ways known per se before mounting, that respective wheels (23) can be mounted in two positions which differ from each other on an axle (18), in a first position selected suitably for the first group cutting means (5,7), and in a second position selected suitably for the second and the bearing body (20) for the first group's cutting means (5,7) is higher than the bearing body (35) for the second group's cutting means (6,7). A rotary slaughter machine (2) provided with a first group of cutting means (5,7) forming a first cutting plane, and with a second group of cutting means (6,7) forming a second cutting plane which is lower than the first cutting plane; wherein the cutting means (5,6; 6,7) are placed on a ladder (4) such that over the length of the ladder (4), which as a pair of adjacent cutting means (5,7; 6,7) comprises a the first group cutting means (5.7) and a second group cutting means (6.7), wherein the cutting means (5.7; 6.7) are each connected to a corresponding vertical axis (18.41), which rotates in a corresponding rotation, on an upper part (27,56,67) of the bearing body (4) provided with the bearing body (44,52,66), the cutting means (5,6; 6,7) being rotated by drive means (23,26) located in the barrel (4) and which can function desynchronously and comprises at least one pulley (23) attached to the respective vertical shaft (18), the shafts (18,41), and analogously the wheels (23) and the bearing bodies (44,52,66), identical a at least for all under-rotated cutting means (5.7; 6,7), and wherein all the wheels (5,7; 6,7) of the wheels (23) are at least substantially in the same plane in the drawer (4), characterized in that the shafts (18, 41) and the wheels (23) are in a manner known per se separate pieces for mounting, that the respective wheels (23) can be mounted in two from each other deviating positions on the shaft (18, 41), in a first position, which is suitably chosen for the first group cutting means ( 5.7), and in a second position selected suitably for the second group cutting means (6.7), and that the bearing body (44,52,66) for the first group cutting means (5.7) is higher than the bearing body (44, 52.66) for the second group cutting means (6.7). 3. A slaughter machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the bearing bodies (44,52) can be in two positions in relation to the drawer (4). 4. A slaughter machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the position of the bearing body (44) for the first group cutting means (5,7) is determined by a cross bar (45). 5. A slaughter machine according to claim 3, characterized in that in the upper part (56) of the drawer (4) there are round sharks (58,60), the radii of which deviate from each other, while the bearing body (52) has two supporting surfaces (53,54). , which are mutually different in relation to the axis (55) of the bearing body (52) and whose positions in the radius direction are so different that the upper (54) of the supporting surfaces (53,54) reaches in the direction of the radius a longer distance than the radius of the Great Tail (60), while the lower supporting surface reaches in the direction of the radius a distance which lies between the radii of the Great Tail (60) and the radius of the Little Tail (58). 6. A slaughter machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper part (67) of the drawer (4) has extensions (68), each of which is provided with the bearing body (66) for the first group cutting means (5,7). . 7. A slaughter machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the transverse strips (45) and the upper part (27) of the drawer (4) which are under the cutting group (6,7) of the second group extend to the vicinity of the stop means. (39) positioned on the cutting means (5.7; 6.7) to form a protective plate. 8. A slaughter machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the top of the extensions (68) and the upper part (67) of the drawer, which are under the cutting group (6,7) of the second group, extend close to the stop means (39). ) placed on the cutting means (5.7; 6.7) to form a protective plate. 9. A slaughter machine according to at least one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it is provided with means (21, 48? 21,49,50,48; 48; 60) for centering the bearing bodies (35; 44; 52; 66) in relation to the drawer (4). 10. A slaughter machine according to at least one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the pulley wheel (23) comprises a wheel hub (38) which is displaced in the direction of the shaft in the inclination of the plane of symmetry (37) for that part ( 36) of the circle (23) where transmission of the movement takes place, and that for the first group cutter means (5,7) the wheel hub (38) is substantially above said plane of symmetry (37), while ather for the second the cutting means (6.7) of the group, the wheel hub (38) is substantially below said plane of symmetry (37). Slaughter machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the belt wheel (23) is connected to the shaft (18, 41) by a releasable coupling.