FI83506C - Equipment for composting organic waste - Google Patents

Description

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ORGANIC WASTE COMPOSTING INGREDIENT - APPARATUS FÖR ATT KOMPOSTERA ORGANISK AVFALL

The present invention relates to an apparatus for composting organic waste in a combined reactor system, in which the waste can be treated in a closed system without burdening the environment. The device combines the actual treatment unit, the composter, and the exhaust gas cleaning unit, the biofilter into one unit and at the same time achieves a significant functional and economic advantage.

Composting per se is a known method for treating organic waste, as is the use of a biofilter to treat composting air and to shake other air. However, these devices are always spaced apart so that they do not form a functional cohesive device. As aerobic processes, composting and biofiltration are both based on the action of similar microbes.

Composting generally uses either drum composts, in which aeration is effected by turning the pulp from time to time by rotating the drum, or vertical composts in which air is pressed into the pulp to bring the pulp to an aerobic state. In vertical composts, the mixing of the pulp is often handled, for example, by means of vanes or conveyors. In order to increase the efficiency of composting, pre-composted pulp is often added to the mass to be composted or a pulp recovery system is provided in the composter.

An unmixed vessel or vertical column filled with composted pulp is often used as the biofilter. Bark or peat can also be used as a filler, where the biological event is most often initiated directly without specific added microbial strains.

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The object of the present invention is to provide a functionally simple device in which composting is applied in the treatment of waste material together with biofiltration. The essential features of the invention will become apparent from the appended claims.

According to the invention, the biofilter part is connected to the compost part so that the biofilter part forms the upper part of the device and the composting part its lower part. From the composting section, air is blown into the biofilter mass, from where it leaves the environment after cleaning. The pulp entering the biofilter section exits to the composting section, where it also acts as a microbial transfer of the composting, thus enhancing the composting function.

By using the biofilter mass as a microbial strain for composting, the advantage is obtained that no separate microbial addition arrangement is required (addition of compost mass).

A longer residence time can be used in the biofilter section than in the composting section, whereby the pulp leaving for composting especially enhances the operation of the composting section. Peat, bark or waste, etc. can be used in the device according to the invention in the biofilter part. Since the residence time in the biofilter part can be longer than composting, the feed can also form a filling mass of the biofilter part, because the feed is This has the advantage that it is not necessary to obtain clean pulp, peat, etc. separately for the device.

In the device according to the invention, the mixing shaft of the biofilter and the composter is a common motor / mechanism which also rotates the mixing shaft. The roof of the composter part is the bottom of the biofilter part, so that with this advantageous solution the equipment solution can be simplified and reduced.

In the device according to the invention, a drop hatch is placed below the pulp / pulp feed point, where the compostable 3 83506 pulp can be fed as if through the biofilter part. When the intermediate door is opened, the mass is removed from the biofilter, which enhances the operation of the composting section. The biofilter mass can also be removed from other points through drop hatches to the composter.

For example, 1 t / d of waste or peat can be fed to the biofilter composter and 20 t / d to the composter part. The residence time of the pulp in the biofilter part can preferably be 15 d and in the composter part 3 d. With this arrangement, the mature pulp is obtained directly from the biofilter to the composter part, whereby the operation of composting is made more efficient. Thus, by using a biofilter pulp as a microbial strain for composting, a separate addition of composted pulp can be eliminated.

The air removed from the composter, which generally as such causes odor nuisance in the environment, is pressed into the mass of the biofilter in the device according to the invention. If the biofilter mass is particularly airy, the air can be directed directly through the holes in the midsole to the biofilter mass.

Figure 1 shows a biofilter composter according to the invention in a cross-sectional view and a schematic representation.

Figure 2 shows a biofilter composter according to the invention as a second preferred embodiment in a cross-sectional view and a schematic representation, respectively.

According to Figure 1, the waste and the biofilter mass are fed by a feed conveyor (15) to a feed hopper (1), from where it goes to either a bio-filter (2) or a composter (3), depending on the open / closed position of the drop hatch (8). The biofilter and composter are mixed via the same mixing mechanism (4b) and mixing shaft (4a). The agitator shaft (4a) is preferably supported by a lower support (10) and an upper support (11). Mixing in the device according to the invention is preferably provided by agitator blades (5). The compost air is forced into the device via the fan / compressor (13) and from the compost part (3) it is transferred to the biofilter part (2) via the fan / compressor (14). The cleaned air exits the device via the exhaust pipe (6). A shut-off door (7) can be connected to the supply funnel (1), whereby the exhaust air can be directed to the exhaust pipe (6). The biofilter mass can also be removed to the composter via the drop bone (9). The pulp is preferably removed from the composter section via a drop hatch (12). The intermediate base (16) between the biofilter part (2) and the composting part (3) can advantageously also be perforated, in which case a fan (14) is not required.

The preferred device according to Figure 2 is similar to Figure 1, but in which the biofilter part (2) is preferably of a different size than the composter part (3). In such a case, the mixing blades (5a, 5b) are also of different sizes.

Claims (4)

A device for composting organic waste, which device has in its upper part an inlet (1) and a gas outlet (6) and in its lower part a compost outlet (12) and an air inlet (13), an intermediate bottom (16) for introduction of the device in two compartments (2,3) as well as down-hatches (8,9) in the middle bottom of which one is located just below the feed point (1), a connection (14) for conduction of gases such as is formed in the lower part (3) to the upper part (2) and a stirring apparatus common to both compartments (4a, 4b, 5,10,11), characterized in that the lower compartment (3) of the device serves as a compost and the upper as biofilter, whereby in the upper compartment (2) the biofilter material used is such a stable material that it also serves as a biofilter for the purification of the gases formed in the lower compost compartment (3) as microbial material which is fed into the compost compartment (3) through the deposition hatches (8,9). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the biofilter compartment (2) and the compost compartment (3) have different large volumes. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mass in the biofilter compartment (2) is a particularly airy mass. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the pulp in the biofilter compartment (2) consists of waste treated in the compost compartment (3).