FI75036C - AUTOMATISK REGLERVAEXEL FOER FORDON. - Google Patents

Description

75036

AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT GEAR FOR VEHICLES - AUTOMATISK REGLER-VÄXEL FOR FORDON

The present invention relates to a control gear which automatically changes its transmission ratio according to the running resistance of a vehicle, in which a V-belt or the like acts as a force-transmitting loop, and in which the primary wheel consists of spring-displaceable disc discs connected by pins to each other -movingly movable and another fixed but rotatably mounted.

An automatic adjustment gear for a bicycle is already known, for example, from DE PS 93896, in which the principle of the gear shown is to make the wheels of a flat belt acting as a transmission loop from helical flat springs which curve in the direction of rotation in the secondary wheel and against it in the primary wheel. This principle has been applied in several publications later, for example by supplementing or replacing springs with levers moving in helical grooves. The downside of these gear types is the complex and frictional, and dust-sensitive and dust-sensitive wheel structures.

The torque-sensitive V-belt pulley is already known, for example, from DE PS 224180, in which the tightening effect of the disc wheel rotating with respect to the other half with a screw connection only acts as an enhancement of the lever control on both pulleys. V-belt pulleys consisting of non-rotating disc discs have been tried mainly in the drives of auxiliary devices for internal engines, such as chargers and fans, in which compression or torsion springs are present in addition to the threads. Such a solution is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,478,289.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks. The control gear according to the invention, which automatically changes its gear ratio according to the invention, is characterized in that the axially displaceable disc is connected to the shaft by a short multi-headed ball thread through which the shaft torque tends to displace the discs. tilting.

The object of the invention is to provide, in all circumstances, a gear which automatically and steplessly changes its transmission ratio and is competitive with the chain claim, which has not previously been obtained.

A preferred embodiment of the control gear according to the invention is characterized in that the effect of the torque is to reduce the compressive effect of the spring force.

A preferred embodiment of the adjusting gear according to the invention is also characterized in that the ball thread connecting the axially movable disc of the primary pulley to the shaft is a multi-head screw with at least one ball in each thread.

A preferred embodiment of the control gear according to the invention is also characterized in that the contact of the balls with the side surfaces of the thread is four-point under the action of a radial load.

A preferred embodiment of the adjusting gear according to the invention is also characterized in that the axially fixed disc disk of the primary pulley is connected to the hub of the primary shaft by those 1 point ball bearings 11a, the screws connecting the outer rings

3,75036

A preferred embodiment of the control gear according to the invention is also characterized in that at least one surface in contact with the side of the belt in the power-transmitting wheels is grooved in a manner known per se.

A preferred embodiment of the control gear according to the invention is also characterized in that the curvature of the groove is approximately involute.

A preferred embodiment of the control gear according to the invention is also characterized in that the torque of the primary shaft can be changed by changing the notched disc spring as a compression spring to a thinner or thicker one.

A preferred embodiment of the adjusting gear according to the invention is also characterized in that the torque of the primary shaft can be adjusted with axially movable cylinders which push the disc in a fixed direction by means of cylinders containing a pressure means.

A preferred embodiment of the control gear according to the invention, in which the secondary wheel also consists of compressible disc discs, is also characterized in that. in the primary wheel 1, the pressure medium which increases the compression of the disc discs reduces the compression of the disc discs in the secondary wheel.

A preferred embodiment of the control gear according to the invention, in which the secondary pulley is fixed, is also characterized in that the pressure medium which compresses the disc discs of the primary wheel increases the tension of the belt by means of a tensioning wheel.

A preferred embodiment of the control gear according to the invention is also characterized in that the pressure medium flow channel has an adjustable resistance check valve known per se, by means of which the distance between the primary pulley disc discs 4 75036 can be slowed down as the torque increases.

The adjusting gear according to the invention has a thread that senses the shaft torque, but the structure differs from the previously known ones in that there are at least two effective spring systems and both of them are either adjustable or adjustable during driving.

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which

Fig. 1 shows a section of the pedals and bearings and across the primary wheel, in which the disc discs are as far apart as possible and the contact ring is small;

Fig. 2 shows the tendon thin of the primary wheel compression spring as seen from the left end;

Fig. 3 shows a section through the primary wheel A-A between the guide sleeves in an adjustment position in which the disc discs are as close to each other as possible;

Figure 4 shows a ball screw distributor cylinder applied in a plane in both extreme positions;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the primary wheel in which the adjusting force comes through a thrust bearing into its ring from small cylinders weighing;

Fig. 6 schematically shows a gear in which the primary wheel is a circular adjusting wheel and the secondary wheel is fixed;

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a gear in which both wheels are circular adjusting wheels; 75036 5

Fig. Θ schematically shows a gear in which the primary wheel is an oval adjusting wheel and the secondary wheel a fixed one, and

Fig. 9 schematically shows a gear in which both wheels are adjusting wheels and the primary wheel is oval.

Figure 1 shows a pedal shaft with bearings in a stepless control gear of a bicycle according to the invention, in which the transmission loop is a belt 1. The primary wheel is formed by disc discs 2 and 3 compressed against each other by spring force. The belt 1 runs between the disc discs 2 and 3. According to the invention, the axially movable disc disk 3 of the primary wheel is connected to the hub 9 of the primary shaft by a short multi-ended thread, through which the torque of the shaft tends to move the disc discs 2 and 3 relative to each other, thus changing the compression effect of the spring force. Torque has the effect of reducing the compressive effect of the spring force. Figure 1 shows a section of the primary wheel ha 1, in which the disc discs 2 and 3 are as far apart as possible and the contact ring is thus small.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the invention in which the control force in the primary wheel comes distance. The spacer sleeves 12 are at the same time the guides of the disc 3 and prevent the discs 2 and 3 from rotating relative to each other. Figure 2 shows a quarter block of the compression spring of the primary wheel as seen from the left end of the pedal 13.

Figure 3 shows a cross-section of the primary wheel A-A between the guide sleeves 12 in the adjustment position, in which the disc discs 2 6 75036 and 3 are as close to each other as possible. Half of the circumferential force of the belt 1, i.e. the portion 2 of the belt 2, detaches through the sleeves 12 into the disc 3, from where the entire torque is transferred through the ball-thread screw ring 8 and through the balls 15 to the nut ring, i.e. the camshaft hub ring 9.

The parallelism of the disc discs 2 and 3, which is of paramount importance for the efficiency of the transmission, is maintained thanks to the four-point bearing 14 and the threaded balls 15. In the preferred embodiment, the contact of both balls under the effect of the radial load is four-point and backlash-free. Figure 4 shows a ball screw distributor cylinder applied in a plane in both extreme positions. The thrust bearing with the ball ring 16, the inner ring 18 and the inner ring 0-rings 17, or the cylinder 20 associated with the hub ring also form a guide to reduce the tilt of the axially moving disc.

The torque of the primary shaft can be changed by changing the notched disc spring 7 as a compression spring to a thinner or thicker one. The torque can be adjusted by means of cylinders containing an adjusting spring 11a or a pressure means which push the axial movable 1 au pocket 3 towards the fixed 2. If the secondary wheel also consists of compressible disc discs, the passage of the pressure medium can be arranged so that in the primary wheel the pressure medium increasing the compression of the disc discs 2 and 3 reduces the compression of the disc discs in the secondary wheel. If the secondary pulley is fixed, the pressure medium compressing the disc discs 2 and 3 of the primary pulley can increase the tension of the belt 1 by means of a tensioning pulley.

The reciprocating adjustments caused by variations in torque due to changes in the position of the calipers in each revolution can be prevented by a resistance check valve V placed in the pressure medium flow channel, which in the structure according to Figures 1 and 3 can be made in a flow system drilled in a pole ring. The valve V can be used to slow down the distance between the discs 2 and 3 of the primary pulley.

The pressure of the pressure medium is adjusted by a cylinder loaded with an adjusting spring, the preferred location of which is in or near the handlebar of the bicycle. The control spring can also be compressed air, which is only converted into oil by a pressure converter near the control wheel.

Figure 6 shows diagrammatically a gearbox in which the primary wheel is a circular adjusting wheel and the secondary wheel is fixed. Fig. 6 also shows a tensioning wheel 21. Fig. 7 schematically shows a gear in which both wheels are circular adjusting wheels. Fig. Θ schematically shows a gear in which the primary wheel is an oval adjusting wheel and the secondary wheel a fixed one. Figure 9 further shows a schematic diagram of a gearbox in which both wheels are adjusting wheels and the primary wheel is oval. . ·. The straight arrows indicate the direction of the pedal force, the arc arrows:: the direction of rotation. In a control gear in which the secondary wheel is V: fixed, a belt tensioning wheel 21 is required, which can be loaded only by a spring force depending on the control position or also by a pressure medium. In an adjusting gear, in which the secondary pulley is also an adjusting wheel consisting of disc discs, the effect of the pressure medium must be reversed compared to the primary wheel. If the primary wheel is oval, a belt-tensioning tensioning wheel 21 is required, regardless of whether the secondary wheel is fixed or adjustable like the primary wheel, but in the opposite direction it changes the radius of its contact ring, both of which are possible within the scope of the invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjustable suspension is a liquid or air suspension or a combination thereof, whereby too fast adjusting movements can be prevented by restricting the flow of liquid.

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Since the invention mainly relates to a primary wheel, which in a bicycle is generally larger than a secondary wheel, and in which the contact arc is always more than 180 °, arranging the deceleration by making the disc discs rotatable relative to each other during adjustment.

The characteristics and adjustment possibilities described above are sufficient to guarantee reliable operation and good efficiency, provided that the belt is flexible and sufficiently rigid against tension and transverse compression and is made of sufficient uniformity and accuracy.

However, in very restrictive conditions or rainfall, slipping can occur, which is best prevented by making at least one of the contact surfaces of the secondary wheel helically grooved. Grooving can also improve efficiency and reduce belt wear: if the helical shape is made to approach the involute according to FI patent application 853430.

The reliability and accuracy of the control gear can also be improved by developing a control system. Modern electronics, sensor technology and hydraulics offer opportunities that are constantly improving and evolving.

It will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the various embodiments of the invention are not limited only to the example given above but may vary within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A vehicle variator which automatically changes its gearing after the thread resistance, wherein a chiral (1) or equivalent acts as a power transmitting link, and wherein the auxiliary wheel is formed by spring-pressed discs, which are in relation to each other irreversibly fixed to each other and which are connected to a shaft such that one is movable in the direction of the shaft and the other is fixed, but rotatably mounted, characterized in that the axially movable disc plate is joined at the shaft by a short multi-thread ball thread, through which the torque of the shaft strives to move the discs (2,3) in relation to each other, thus altering the compressive action of the spring force and at the same time preventing a slope of the disc. Variator according to claim 1, characterized in that the torque acts to decrease the spring force of the spring force. Variator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ball thread joining the axially movable disc plate at the primary V-belt pulley is a multi-threaded ball screw with at least one ball (15) in each thread. 4. Variator according to claim 3, characterized in that the balls (15) have four-point contact with the flank surfaces of the thread at radial load. Variator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axially fixed plate disc (2) at the primary pulley plate joins the hub of the primary axle (9) at least a four-point ball bearing (14), where the screws (11) unite their outer rings. at the same time, the bracket for the support ring (6) forms a compression spring (7) and a guide 75036 (12) which prevents the rotation of the discs (2.3) from one another. 6. Variator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the surfaces touching the belt (1) sold with the power transferring discs is grooved in a manner known per se. 7. Variator according to claim 6, characterized in that the beak shape of the groove is almost evolved. 8. Variator according to any of the above claims. characterized in that the torque of the primary shaft can be varied by exchanging the recessed spring-acting disc spring (7) for a thinner or thicker spring. 9. Variator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the torque of the primary shaft can be controlled by means of highly controllable springs or pressure rods containing cylinders by sliding the axially movable disc plate towards the fixed disc. 10. Variator according to claim 9, wherein the secondary wheel also consists of compressed discs, characterized in that the pressure medium which increases the compression of the discs (2.3) at the primary wheel reduces the compression of the discs at the secondary wheel. 11. Variator according to claim 9, wherein the secondary pulley is fixed, characterized in that the pressure increase in the pressure medium which compresses the primary disk's discs (2,3) at least increases the tension of the V-belt (1).