FI71000B - VENTILATIONSAPPARAT FOER VENTILERING AV ETT RUMSUTRYMME - Google Patents

Description

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The present invention relates to a ventilation device for performing room ventilation, which device can be mounted in or at the outdoor air opening of the room.

Known air conditioners are generally continuous and have a constant air flow direction, so in principle, two units are required for each air-conditioned space, one to remove polluted air from the room and the other to bring fresh air into the space. Both units include different air treatment steps such as filtration, heating, humidification, cooling, etc. The units have been developed with systems where some functions (eg heat recovery) are combined and the extractor and blower unit are built together, but are still two separate units. .

Changing the air in the room does not require the unit 20 to be running continuously. The device can also operate intermittently, in which case one device can be operated, which alternately removes air from the room and blows outdoor air into the room. Such an instrument is disclosed, for example, in Finnish Patent Publication No. 56,742. However, the described instrument has many weaknesses. First, the air cannot be filtered because when the flow direction changes, the dust accumulated in the filter would escape and return to the room. Due to the lack of a filter, a large gap between the plates has to be used in the heat accumulator to prevent clogging, which results in a large plate thickness and length in order to obtain a sufficient heat capacity and heat transfer coefficient. To improve the thermal conductivity, it has been proposed that the sheets be corrugated or bent. Due to the size of the heat accumulator, the device as a whole becomes large, expensive and difficult to install, and its use is limited to cases where both outdoor and indoor air are so clean that no filtering is required or no filtration is required for other reasons.

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Nor does the device function as the inventor has suggested. All the thermal energy would only be recovered if the indoor air were cooled to exactly the outside air temperature and correspondingly the outdoor air was heated to exactly 5 indoor air temperatures, but this is not the case in practice.

Restrictions on the use of filters, as well as the fact that the publication has not even attempted to address how air is efficiently distributed to and removed from the room, have led to the non-use of the devices according to the publication.

Apparatus with two heat accumulators are also known, one through which supply air flows and the other through out air. On both the outdoor and indoor air side, there is a change-over damper system with which the air direction is changed approximately every 15 1 min. Deaeration and blowing take place with two different fans, each connected to an air distribution duct. The equipment thus becomes relatively complex, expensive and susceptible to interference, and is no different from traditional continuous systems except for the heat-20 accumulator. Even the accumulator itself is usually solved in a simpler way by making it a rotating drum, in one half of which the outside air flows and in the other the exhaust air all the time.

The object of the present invention is to provide an air-exchange device which avoids the above-mentioned drawbacks and is characterized by a simple structure, small size, easy placement, efficient distribution of air into the room space and a high temperature efficiency. This object is achieved by a ventilation device 11a according to the invention, characterized in that at least a part of the device is made like a ventilation window, so that this part can be moved out in front of the outdoor air opening for direct outdoor ventilation of said room.

The invention is based on the idea that the device is mounted directly in a normal window opening in place of the ventilation window, whereby it does not require a separate space in the building or additional openings in the external walls or the water ceiling. Nevertheless, the room 71000 can be ventilated in the usual way directly through the ventilation window when it is desired to change the air in the room quickly. Even then, the outdoor air enters the room when filtered, because the filter part stays in place the size of the window opening-5 when filtering is used in the device.

The invention makes it possible to use the device as a combined exhaust and blowing device, whereby the reversibility of the device or a part thereof facilitates the maintenance of the filter, heat accumulator, fan, etc.

10 If the air distribution duct is adapted to be located above the window opening and its front wall is formed as a curtain board, the ventilation duct can be hidden as a structural component normally present in the apartment. If the curtain board is made easily removable, the entire duct can be easily cleaned, which substantially improves the hygiene of the device compared to known devices.

When the room air is removed and the outside air is blown in through the holes through the curtain plate, they can be distributed over a large area, providing a very good room flush even at a low blower speed, which substantially reduces the draft risk and improves ventilation efficiency compared to known systems. In addition, due to the placement and orientation of the holes, the ventilation prevents the cold air flow from the window, which ai-25 throws the so-called Window to appeal.

The invention further provides a simple way to provide winter humidification and summer cooling, as will be explained in more detail below.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention with the device acting as an exhaust device, Fig. 2 shows the same as Fig. 1 with the device acting as a 35 blow-in device, 4 71000 open, Fig. 4 shows the device in a horizontal section with the ventilation part open, and Fig. 5 shows the device seen from the inside.

According to Figure 1 of the drawings, a ventilation device for a ventilation window of a room 1 is installed in an outdoor air opening 3 in the wall of the building 2. The ventilation device comprises a frame 4 attached to said opening and 10 a filter part 5 and a ventilation part 6. The filter part is fixed to the frame without covering the opening. in front of the filter part there is an outer grille 7. The ventilation part is mounted by hinges 8 as a pivoting unit on the masonry frame and in the closed position completely covers the outdoor air opening 15.

Under the filter part, a replacement damper 10 is pivotally mounted at the exhaust outlet 9. The ventilation part comprises a heat accumulator 14 consisting of overlapping plate cells 11, 12, 13, a fan 15 and an air distribution duct 16.

The air distribution duct has a front wall 17 with spaced-through flow nozzles 18.

Figure 1 shows the device as a discharge device.

25 The fan sucks the room air A through the nozzles 18 into the air distribution duct and presses the air through the heat accumulator cells. The air leaving the lowest cell flows through the blow-out nozzles 11a towards the replacement damper. The replacement damper is eccentrically mounted or otherwise balanced so that when stopped, the device automatically turns to the position shown in Figure 2, where it closes the outlet 9. Air jets flowing from the nozzles 11a at high speed meet the shift damper in its position in Figure 2 and 1 to the position shown. As a result of this, the exchange damper opens the outlet 9 and closes the flow gap 19 leading to the filter. When air is blown at a high speed from the outlet 9, the exhaust air is released well from the outer wall and avoids contamination of the outer wall 5, moisture damage, etc. from a short circuit, i.e., being removed from being directly back into the inlet.

Figure 2 shows the device as a blowing device. The fan now rotates in the opposite direction and sucks the outside air B through the grille and filter and further through the flow gap 19 into the heat accumulator. From there, the fan pushes the outside air into the air distribution duct and further through the nozzles 18 into the room. Since there is a vacuum inside the device compared to the outdoor air 10, the magnitude of which is equal to the pressure drop of the external grille and the filter as air flows through them, the damper seals well into its frame and closes the outlet 9. This ensures that no unfiltered air enters the instrument.

The outlet 9 is shaped so that the air outflow velocity is so high that the pressure drop in the outlet is approximately equal to the pressure drop in the filter and grille in the blowing step. In this way, the volumes of exhaust and supply air are equal to 20 if desired. It is also possible to change the blow-out speed and thus the resulting pressure drop, whereby the ratio of the exhaust and air-blow volume flows is also desired.

According to Figures 3 and 4, the heat accumulator 14 can be turned away from the operating position 25 closing the outdoor air opening to the side of the opening, so that ventilation can be carried out through the opening in the usual way. Even then, the outside air enters the room filtered, because the filter stays in place in the opening. When the charger is open, it is also easy to clean and service the parts of the instrument.

According to Figures 1 and 5, the air distribution duct is placed above the window 20 and its front wall 17 is formed as a curtain board. The curtain rail 21 is attached to the bottom wall of the duct. The curtain board is made removable, e.g. with latches or other fastening means, so that the entire channel 35 can be easily cleaned. Through the nozzles 18 of the curtainboard, the air is distributed over a wide area into the room space at a low injection rate.

6 71000 An air distribution duct designed in this way has been found to have the advantage of increasing the efficiency of heat recovery, since the entire large-area duct and the curtain board act as heat recovery elements.

5 When the heat accumulator is divided into at least two or more parts 11, 12 and 13, the heat flow inside the plates of the heat exchanger can be interrupted and either the heat recovery rate is improved or the length of the plates is shortened in the flow direction to a certain heat recovery rate. In this way, a smaller and cheaper device is obtained than with known structures. When the device according to the invention is further provided as a filter, the distance between the plates can be reduced without the risk of clogging.

In this way, a heat efficiency of more than 80% can be achieved with a heat accumulator of about 600 other lengths, which makes it possible to place the appliance in place of the ventilation window. Short, thin-plate accumulators are easy to handle, maintain and clean.

The invention further includes a simple way to provide winter humidification and summer cooling. If a simple humidification nozzle 22 is placed in the air distribution duct 9 or in the space between the fan 15 and the heat recovery cell 13, humidification is achieved in winter by opening the valve of the pipe to the humidification nozzle at the beginning of the blowing cycle, whereby the nozzle begins to partially flows into the heat recovery cells 13 and 12. The valve is kept open until the amount of water in grams required to raise the air humidity to the desired level can be fed to the cells 30 13 and 12. After the valve closes, water evaporates from the wet cells and further humidifies it. Because the cells have small plate spacing and a large plate surface, wetting is quite effective. Thus, the heat recovery cells act as humidification cells at the same time, and no separate humidification cells or chambers used in conventional equipment 35 are required.

71000 Heat recovery cells 11, 12 and 13 also act as moisture recovery devices. This is based on the fact that when the moist indoor air cools as it passes through the cells during the removal phase, the water vapor contained in the air condenses mainly on the surfaces of the recovery cells 11 and 12. During the inflow phase, the water evaporates back into the dry supply air.

The need for additional humidification with this type of device is quite small, usually less than 1 g K 2 O / kg air. Thus, the ability of the surfaces of the instrument to evaporate is sufficient for such a small wetting, and small amounts of water do not cause corrosion, clogging, etc. problems, as in known instruments. Of course, other humidification methods, e.g. steam humidification, are also possible.

When the need for humidification is small, the variation in air humidity caused by the fractional humidification according to the invention remains so small that there is no practical disadvantage. Likewise, the drop in the temperature of the supply air caused by humidification remains so small that it is not even necessary to heat the air. When the temperature and humidity fluctuations are small and the operating period of the device 20 is short, on-off control can be used instead of relative control, and instead of temperature and humidity, notably. The adjustment can take place either by humidification, heating, etc. on for a part of the operating cycle, or so that the desired Air Treatment is on for the entire operating cycle, but only for part of the operating cycles, or by a combination of both. Compared to relative control, the equipment is substantially simplified and the price of the entire control system is only a fraction of the price of 30 traditional systems. The operational reliability of the equipment is also substantially improved.

The drawings and the related explanation are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. The details of the device according to the invention can vary considerably within the scope of the 35 claims. Thus, the replacement damper can be equipped with an actuator that rotates it to different 71,000 positions depending on the operation of the instrument. The replacement damper can also be mounted to move with the pivoting ventilation part. Instead of a pivoting structure, it is possible to make the movable part of the instrument otherwise displaceable away from the front opening of the ul-5, e.g. movable along the rails. Instead of or in addition to the accumulator 14, it is possible to make another part of the instrument movable.

Claims (8)

1. Ventilation apparatus for performing ventilation of a room space, which apparatus can be mounted in or in the middle of an external air opening (3) in the room space (1), characterized in that at least part (14) of the apparatus is designed as a ventilation window, so that this part can be displaced from the position in front of the outer air opening (3) for direct external air ventilation of the room space (1) through said opening. Ventilation apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a filter part (5) and a ventilation part (6) provided with a heat accumulator (14), characterized in that the heat accumulation part (14) is pivotable in relation to the the outer air opening (3) fixed the mountable filter part (5). Ventilation apparatus according to claim 2, with a device (10) for changing the direction of flow of the air flow through the apparatus, such that the apparatus optionally functions as an exhaust or blower apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus is provided with a filter part (5). ) in the exterior air opening (3) mountable gear damper (10), which is pivotable from an exhaust position, where the damper conducts room air (A) from the ventilation part (6) past the filter part (5) to the exterior air, to a blow-in position, where the damper the outer air (B) passes through the filter part (5) either to the ventilation part (6), when the slidable part (14) is closed, or to the room space (1), where the slidable part (14) is opened for ventilation. Ventilation apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that the damper (10) is arranged to oscillate between the exhaust position and the inlet position by the influence of the air flow and the pressure difference. Ventilation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the ventilation part (6) is provided with a heat accumulator (14) with a disk construction and of pulp accumulation.