FI65833C - SPRUTANORDNING FOER CEMENTVAELLING - Google Patents

Description

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C mo Patent cyör..ic tty 10 07 1901 Patent oioddeiat ^ '(51) Kv.lk?/IntCL3 E 02 D 3/12 FINLAND — FINLAND (21) PKMtttlhtk «mut - Pat« ntan «öknln (783513 (22)) Htkemhpilvi — An * ftknlnf »di | 17.11.78 '" (23) Atkuptlvi — Glkifticudag 17.11.78

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Pttenttl- and registry-managed .............. . 3 - ._. *. . . (44) NihUviktlp ^ is the date of publication. - t knt · och registerstyrelsen Amekän utlagd och uU.ikrtfun publicänd 30.03. oh (32) (33) (31) Requested Muoik «u * - B * t« rd priork * 27.12.77 27.12.77 Japan-Japan (JP) 52-156659, 52-156660 Proven-Styrkt (71) Kajima Corporation, No. 7, 1-2 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo,

Chemical Grout Company, No. 1, 1-2 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan i-Japan (JP) (72) Mitsuhiro Shibazaki, Tokyo, Sozo Ohta, Tokyo, Hiroaki Kubo,

Chiba Pref., Teruo Yahiro, Tokyo, Hiroshi Yoshida, Saitama Pref.,

The present invention relates to a spraying device for cement mortar with a spraying member for spraying cement mortar underground in the soil, which spraying member is rotatably mounted in a three-dimensional manner. a spray nozzle mounted on the side wall of the device with co-centralized inner and outer discharge openings, the outer opening communicating with the large air outlet and the inner opening directly connected to the inner channels of the three-walled pipe for supplying cement trowel, compressed air and high-pressure water; , a cement pellet spray nozzle mounted at the front end of the side wall portion and releasably secured in place, the discharge opening of which communicates with the cement pellet channel.

Such a hitherto known cement trowel spraying device has a cement trowel spray nozzle and a high speed water spray nozzle for removing soil, which nozzles are attached to the lower end of the pipe, and the pipe is pushed into a hole and for crushing loosely, and the cement vane nozzle unloads the cement vane, packing the vane into loose soil to form an underground mass of hard solid soil.

When using a spray device, it is known that the breaking or crushing distance of a high-velocity jet stream can be increased by surrounding the jet stream with an air stream; a successful protective air technology was developed, which was also introduced. The use of shielding air is also advantageous for another reason. In the conventional method, in order to obtain underground masses of hardened soil, an observation hole is additionally drilled in the ground a certain distance from the guide hole, and the detached soil passes up as a slurry through the observation hole to the ground surface. The ambient protective air blown as a high-speed jet stream facilitates the sludge from penetrating through the observation hole.

However, the conventional apparatus described herein has the disadvantage that because little or no technical consideration is sacrificed for the mutual position of its water jet nozzle and its cement spray nozzle, the bulk space formed by the high-velocity jet underground often fills when the adjacent ground breaks and collapses. Ts. the space forming the sludge tends to collapse and thus block the outlet of the cement trowel, and when such a blockage occurs, the outlet of the sludge from the observation hole ceases. For above-ground machine users, this condition means that the spraying of the cement trowel has stopped: but they cannot know whether the cause is an underground collapse of the type described above, a blockage in the pipe in the cement trowel supply system, or a mechanical failure of any part of the system. In the event of a blockage or mechanical rupture, repair is carried out by pulling up the pipe, inspecting its sprayer on the ground and cleaning the clogged pipe or repairing the broken part, but in the case of underground collapse, there is no remedy. In addition, such collapse may also be due to the quality of the soil encountered by the cement trowel feeder.

After discovering the disadvantages of the conventional device, the present inventors studied the collapse phenomenon from different points of view and found that the distance between the high-speed spray nozzle and the cement spray nozzle plays an important role in this phenomenon. Usually, the amount of cement mortar required per unit volume of soil is known, and the hourly supply of cement mortar is limited by the spraying device itself. These two specific factors automatically determine the speed at which the sprayer must be lifted through the guide hole. In this case, an arrangement is required so that the spray nozzle and the spray nozzle can be arranged in such a way that the distance between them can be adjusted depending on the quality of the soil in which the cement mortar is to be sprayed.

This object is achieved by a device characterized in that there is a partition wall part between the two nozzles which can be exchanged and which allows the vertical distance between the two nozzles to be adjusted, both nozzles being placed at right angles to the device axis to feed substances in the radial direction and the nozzles , that they are in balance with each other as the device rotates by nullifying the reaction forces due to the discharge action of the spray nozzle by means of the discharge of the spray nozzle.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both nozzles are on the same side of the triangular part.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cement trowel spraying device in which the high-speed spray nozzle and the cement trowel spray nozzle are located so far apart that they form a functionally most advantageous position arrangement.

4,65833

The practical implementation of the invention is set forth in the following detailed invention in the description with reference to the preferred embodiments of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows a side view of a spraying device suspended by a mobile crane.

Figure 2 is a cross-section of a three-walled pivot joint.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-section of an injection device in accordance with the present invention.

Figures 4, 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views of the device of Figure 3 taken along lines A-A, B-B and C-C of Figure 3, respectively.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-section of another embodiment of a device according to the invention.

Figures 8, 9 and 10 are cross-sectional views of the device according to Figure 7 along the lines D-D, E-K and P-F in Figure 7, respectively.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a cement pellet column 70 constructed in soil E using a spraying device according to the present invention. The guide hole 12 is first drilled in the ground, and then a second hole is drilled a certain distance into the observation hole 14 at a distance from the hole 12, and a pipe 18 is inserted into the guide hole 12 with a cement trowel spraying device 16 according to the present invention. the tube 18 hangs through the pivot joint 20. At an intermediate point of the pipe above the ground, a rotating support 22 erected on the ground keeps the pipe rotatably and slidably. The pivot joint 20 has three hoses 50 65833 carrying water, air and cement brush from respective supply sources. In operation, the cement trowel spraying device 16 inserted into the guide hole 12 moves vertically by the crane 24 and is supported by a rotating support 22 while spraying the cement trowel into loose subsurface soil to form and construct a concrete mass column H. The crushed earth exits as a slurry S to the ground surface through the observation hole 14.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-section of a joint 20 of known construction attached to the upper end of a tube 18. In the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings, the pivot joint 20 consists essentially of a fixed outer sleeve 30 and a second outer sleeve 34 fitted to the sleeve 30 with the bearing 32 in between. Three separate channels are formed inside the sleeves 30 and 34; namely, a cement bell duct 36, a compressed air duct 38 and a pressurized water duct 40. These ducts communicate respectively to fixed inlet connections 42, 44 and 48. The aforementioned hoses 50 are connected to these connections for conveying cement bellows from a mortar pump, air air compressor and in the accompanying drawing. In Figure 2, the left side of the pivot joint 20 is shaped to fit the upper end of the tube 18 in a known manner. This tube is necessarily three-walled and extends inside it with extensions of channels 36, 38 and 40.

Figures 3-6 show a preferred embodiment of a cementitious mortar or mortar spraying device 16 according to the invention. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section from the center of the device 16, and Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are cross-sections along the lines A-A, B-B and C-C, respectively.

In Figure 3, the outer sleeve 52 surrounds the intermediate sleeve 53 and there is a longitudinally extending annular space between them. This space acts as a cement mortar channel 54 of the device 16. Brackets 41 are provided in a suitable location in the channel 54 to hold the sleeve 53 rigidly in place.

A hollow core or inner sleeve 57 is disposed within the intermediate sleeve 53, and there is an annular intermediate space between them. This space is the compressed air passage 56. The hollow space of the inner sleeve 57 extends centrally along the axis of the device 16 to form a high pressure water passage 58. The three passages 54, 56 and 58 correspond to the mortar passage 36, air passage 38 and water passage 40 shown in Fig. 6 65833 respectively. in communication with these channels of the pivot joint 20 through the three channels formed inside the three-walled tube 18 and extending in the longitudinal direction of the tube. A spray nozzle 64 projecting radially outwards through the intermediate sleeve 53 and through the outer sleeve 52 and extending from the inner sleeve 57 is arranged in the three-sleeve part of the device 16. This nozzle has a central opening 60 which communicates with the high pressure water passage 58 as well as a concentric annular opening 62 which communicates with the compressed air passage 56 so that in operation the central opening ejects a high velocity water jet in its radial direction. quite a long way.

Further, according to FIG. 3, the right end of the outer sleeve 52, which is its lower end when the device 16 is in its normal working position, comprises female threads 59 machined for the bore connection of its bore, and the lock nut 65 is threaded to this end. The inner channel 63 of the body 61 communicates with the cement mortar channel 54 and in addition this body is rigidly fitted to the lock nut 65 and is supported by the end surface 65a of the nut 65. A pipe 66 for spraying cement mortar is arranged at the front end of the shut-off nut 65, i.e. in the right end in Fig. 3, the inner space 70 of the pipe 66 communicating with the inner channel 63 of the body 61. 66 withdrawal if necessary. The cement mortar or mortar spray nozzle 68 points radially outward in the opposite direction to the spray nozzle 64 and is preferably made of ceramic material and is further fitted to the wall of the tube 66 and secured to this tube by a nut 72 so that the nut 72 can be removed if necessary. Tip 67 is threaded into tube 66, and screw threads are shown in Figure 3 by reference numeral 71.

It will be appreciated that the tip 67 may be removed from the tube 66 by unscrewing it, and when the tip is removed in this manner, removing the center bolt 69 allows the locknut 65 to be removed from the body 61. A plurality of locknuts 65 are otherwise made and held in accordance with the present invention. the length varying from one nut to another and the distance L between the spray nozzle 64 and the cement nozzle spray nozzle 68 can be changed, if desired, by replacing the nut 65 in use with another nut of the desired length.

As noted above, the spray nozzle 64 is mounted on the opposite side from the cementitious spray nozzle 68 to minimize the torque that the spray device 60 must receive in use as it rotates and rises. This moment is due to the reactive forces caused by the high velocity water jet rushing from the nozzle 64 and the cement mortar or mortar rushing from the nozzle 68, and the torque would become very large if the nozzles were mounted on the same side, i.e. there was no stepping between them in axial view. To minimize torque, the step does not have to be exactly 180 °. For example, if two spray nozzles 64 and one spray nozzle 68 are used, the three nozzles can be staggered 120 ° apart. In any case, these two types of nozzles should be positioned so as to provide the best possible balance of reactive forces. Alternatively, it is possible to arrange two spray nozzles and two spray nozzles and place each pair diametrically opposite each other, whereby the reaction forces are in balance and minimize the torque.

In the operation itself, the cement trowel spraying device 16 constructed as described above is lowered into the guide hole 12 and protrudes into the bottom of the hole (the position of the device 16 on the bottom is shown in broken lines in Figure 1). Three substances, namely water, air and cement mortar, are fed to the device 16 via hoses 50, the three-wall pivot 20 and the three-wall pipe 18 shown in part in Figure 1, while the device 16 is pivoted and lifted from the position shown in broken lines. During this co-movement, the spray nozzle 64 discharges water horizontally, forming a high velocity water jet from its central opening. The jet rotates around the 16 axes of the ascending device and breaks the soil in its path. Ts. the soil in the immediate vicinity of the guide hole 12 is continuously crushed and detached, and the crushed portion grows to form a cylindrical column. A portion of the detached soil is then forced as a slurry to the ground surface through the observation hole 14 or the guide hole 12 or both. As the cylindrical column formed by the crushed soil expands upward, the spray nozzle 68 continuously discharges the cement web 8 65833 into the loose soil. The discharged brother then mixes with the loose soil, and this mixture solidifies after a certain period of time thereafter. The underground columnar mass of hardened concrete, formed and constructed as described above, is shown by the letter H in Figure 1.

This mass is functionally similar to conventional concrete piles buried in the ground and is able to act as a support for structures such as buildings, storage tanks and the like that are erected on the ground.

While the jet nozzle 64 ejects water out of its central opening 60, compressed air jets out in the same manner and simultaneously with the central orifice from the concentric ring opening 62. This situation with water can be compared to an air-sprayed liquid forming a direct liquid jet whose jet is only damped by air. It can be readily seen that the high velocity water jet from the nozzle 64 is capable of maintaining its crushing or detaching force for a much longer distance than if the air were not sprayed as an ambient shielding air jet. In this case, according to this system, the crushing or detaching distance of the high-speed jet is larger, resulting in a cylindrical column formed by the crushed earth with a larger diameter.

Since at least two nozzles are used in accordance with the invention as a spray nozzle 64 and a spray nozzle 68, each located at a right angle to the axis of the device 16 for horizontal spraying, cement mortar is sprayed directly from the nozzle groove 68 into a crushed earth or rock space . As a result, crushed-soil or rock above this space has little or no time to break and collapse; even when such a collapse occurs, the bristle can be more easily sprayed through and to the other side of the collapsed loose soil than with a conventional device simply because the spray nozzle 68 pushes the bristle in the same horizontal direction.

In addition, according to the invention, the vertical distance L between the two nozzles can be changed, if desired, by replacing the lock nut 65 in use with a shorter or longer nut 65. Not only can this feature adjust the distance L to best suit the above crushing / removal and spraying operations. for each purpose, it also allows the tube 66 to be replaced quickly when it breaks.

From the preferred embodiment shown in the above description of the invention and in Figures 1 to 6, it is found that the cement trowel spraying device according to the invention is less susceptible to mechanical difficulties and is able to perform its tasks better than conventional devices and spray cement trap faster.

Figures 7 to 10 show another embodiment of the present invention substantially similar to that described above, in which the figures refer to the same reference numerals for parts corresponding to parts of the first embodiment. However, the difference is that in the second embodiment, the spray nozzle 64 and the spray nozzle 68 are located on the same side, with an angular step between the two, and the distance L separating the two nozzles can be adjusted by replacing the lock nut 65 exactly as in the first embodiment. In particular, the device according to the second embodiment can be used to form a flat, slab-like hardened underground mass H, and when the device is used in this way, its three-walled tube is moved only vertically.

Claims (2)

10 65833 A cement trowel spraying device having a spraying member for spraying a cement trowel underground into the soil (E), which spraying member is rotatably mounted in a three-walled pipe (18) directly connected to a three-walled part (16) having inner channels (54, 56, 58). ) communicate with the inner passages (36, 38, 40) of the three-walled pipe (18) for supplying cement mortar, compressed air and high pressure water; a spray nozzle (64) mounted on the side wall portion of the device, having concentric inner and outer discharge openings, the outer opening (62) communicating with a compressed air duct (56) and an inner opening (60) with a high pressure water (58) duct; 68), the discharge opening of which is connected to the cement duct (54), characterized in that there is a partition wall part (65) between the two nozzles (64, 68), the replacement of which allows adjustment of the vertical distance (L) between the two nozzles, whereby both nozzles (64, 68) are positioned at a right angle to the axis of the device for feeding substances in the radial direction and the nozzles are positioned in the device so that they are in balance with each other as the device rotates, nullifying the reaction forces due to spray nozzle discharge. Cement pellet spraying device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two nozzles (64, 68) are on the same side of the triangular part (16).