FI61653C - SAETT OCH ANGLING FOR ELEMENTTILLVERKNING - Google Patents

Description

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Ma 1 j utläggningsskrift 61653 0 Patent T.y '·' notty 10 09 190 "(45) Patent meddelat ^ ^ (51) Kv.lk.3 / lnt.CI.3 B 28 B 5/02 ENGLISH 1 - EN N LAN D (21) P * t * nttlh «k * nni» —P »ten» n »eknJng 801133 (22) Haktmltpilvl - Ant6fcnlngtd» | 09.0¾. 80 (Fl) (23) Alkupllvt - Glltlghttsdtg 11. OU. 80 (41) Published on 12.10.8l

Patantti-] · register germination · / 44) NihUvtktipwKw | » date of issue. - 31.05.82

Patents and registers Aiwttkan utlagd och uti.akrif (Publications (32) (33) (31) Prydeecy atuolkaua — Baglrd prlorttat (71) A-Betong / Sabema AB, Box 2h, S-351 03 Växjö, Sweden-Sverige ( SE) (72) Per-Erik Bondpers, Växjö, Per Inge Ingesson, Jönköping,

The present invention relates to methods and plants for the production of profile elements from hardenable mass, such as concrete, using a casting machine from which the mass is delivered as a bar, preferably in an interchangeable state, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (71 *) Berggren Oy Ab (5M Method and plant for the production of elements through a nozzle which determines the shape of the profile of the rod, whereby the profiled rod is fed into a transport unit with an endless, moving belt and cut off.

The prior art manufacturing method uses a screw-fed casting machine in which the concrete mass is compressed before the die, whereby the concrete mass is not subjected to pressure other than that provided by the screw for the correct output of the mass through the die. Compared to conventional concrete casting methods, e.g. the advantage that the cast concrete mass does not have to be vibrated separately.

Another advantage of the method is that the cast concrete bar can simply be provided with a reinforcement if desired or necessary. Namely, for this purpose, 2,61653 reinforcing bars of suitable length can be introduced in line with the machine nozzle through an opening on the other side of the machine, the bar or bars being inserted so far that they exit through the nozzle together with the concrete bar delivered therefrom. When a sufficiently long bar has been delivered from the nozzle - usually about 1/2 m - the friction between the reinforcing bars and the delivered concrete bar is large enough for the delivered bar to pull the bar or bars with it as the output continues. The length of the bar or bars is then pre-adjusted according to a predetermined length of the profile element in question, whereby the concrete bar is cut when the entire length of one or more reinforcing bars has passed through the die.

Due to the fact that the profiled concrete bar is fed out in said manner by said transport unit with an endless moving belt, a high degree of certainty in the output is achieved, since the speed of the transport unit can be precisely synchronized with the output speed of the profile bar delivered from the casting machine. The risk of damaging the profile bar during ejection can then be largely eliminated.

In other prior art methods, the concrete bar is fed to a smooth surface or to a conveyor belt whose movement is controlled and driven by the fed bar. The further processing of the rod has then been carried out mainly by hand, which has caused several inconveniences and high costs.

Also in such hitherto known cases, in which the bar is fed to a conveyor belt driven by a moving and special motor, great difficulties have arisen during the further transport and handling of the cast concrete bar, in particular during transport to the curing warehouse. Curing usually requires a period of 3-5 hours or longer. It is clear that the curing step must necessarily take place in a factory room space where the curing elements do not prevent other profile bars from being fed out of the casting machine.

Examples of known methods of this and other types can be found in Swedish Patent Publications 87,517 and 99,475, Swedish Patent Publication Nos. 320,738 and 399,202 and French Patent Publication 1,247,052.

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It is an object of the invention to provide a method and a plant of the above-mentioned type which enable such a high reliability and accuracy of the production process and safe and careful handling of the fed-out profile bar that a high degree of process automation is possible with as few manual steps as possible.

Another object is to provide a method and a plant of this type which enable the rational production of profile elements of all types of profile shapes, the maximum size of the elements produced being finally determined by the dimensions of the nozzles used in the casting machine.

Yet another object is to provide a method and a plant which make it possible to manufacture profile elements from different types of curable masses - i.e. not only from concrete.

The outlet profile bar can then be cut into separate elements, the number and thus the length of which can be arbitrary. In this case, the whole array of such elements is treated simultaneously and in a Selma manner during transport to the curing warehouse and further after curing during transport to the delivery station.

The method according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the belt is stopped and the conveying unit itself is further conveyed in a rotation, during which the element hardens and is handed over from the conveying unit after curing, and that the empty conveying unit is returned to the starting position.

The fact that the entire unit supporting the profile bar can be transported as such enables appropriate and safe handling of the profile bar both in the curing warehouse and, after curing, for possible finishing and subsequent delivery from the transport unit. In this case, a special advantage is that in connection with the transport to the curing warehouse, the space of the factory apartment in the height direction can be utilized so that, for example, several pallets stacked on top of each other from the transport unit can be handled simultaneously.

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An additional advantage is that simple and appropriate conveying means can be used for the transport unit, e.g.

The method according to the invention also makes it possible, if desired, to simply cut the profile rod fed out on the transport unit into several separate elements. Thus, the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce several profile elements consisting of different types of curable masses for different purposes. Examples of elements to be produced by the method according to the invention are various types of profiled concrete elements, such as various beams, moldings, edge, transverse and oblique supports, floor elements, e.g. barns and the like. cracked floors, roof tiles, perforated bricks, etc. Examples of other types of elements that can be made from other curable masses include bricks, roof tiles, profile elements, beams and plastic moldings, etc.

In practice, it is preferred that the belt of the transport unit is used at least when feeding the concrete bar and / or when delivering the hardened element from the transport unit. The advantages achieved by using a transport unit at both of these points are self-evident in the light of the above. Probably the main advantage is that the element bar does not have to be handled at all when it is delivered from the casting machine, nor does the finished element have to be handled at all during delivery.

In this case, it is advantageous for the belt to be driven by an external drive source with an outgoing shaft which is temporarily connected to a belt pivot shaft located at the end of the transport unit.

By using an external drive source for the use of the belt, the same drive source can be utilized for all of the transport unit, whereby the structure of these becomes considerably simpler and cheaper. In addition, the external drive source at the receiving station connected to the casting machine can advantageously be provided with a variator which allows the speed of the conveyor belt to be precisely matched to the output speed of the element bar. The correct element length can further be simply set by means of a pulse counter which automatically stops the output phase when the correct element length is reached.

The pulse counter can also advantageously set a certain additional length so that the profile bar can be centered on the transport unit, which facilitates further processing.

Before connecting an external power supply, the transport unit is locked in position, which is done automatically in the same way as the power supply is connected.

To facilitate handling, it is preferred that two or more of the transport units before curing are stacked on top of each other on a base or rack and thus stacked in a curing warehouse, after which the transport units are unstacked after curing and the profile elements are finished.

In practice, for example, four transport units can be stacked on top of each other on a platform or scaffold intended to be lifted by a bridge crane or similar lifting hook.

In addition, it is preferred that the empty transport units be returned through the cleaning station where the belt of the units is used.

This enhances the cleaning process.

The invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the method described above, the essential features of which are set out in the claims.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention.

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Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the transport unit used in the plant 61653 according to Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of several transport units supporting the transport units according to Fig. 2 for moving the transport units supporting the profile elements into and out of the curing warehouse, respectively.

The plan view shown in Fig. 1 schematically shows the main parts of a plant in which rod-shaped profile elements are made of concrete using a casting machine 1 with a replaceable nozzle 1a. The machine is provided with a feed screw (not shown) which delivers a profiled concrete bar to the transport unit 10 via a nozzle 1a.

The concrete mass is fed to the casting machine 1 via a collection tank 2 and a cross conveyor 3.

The concrete bar delivered from the casting machine 1 is reinforced with reinforcing bars 4 from a storage of such bars 5. The bars 4 are placed on the carriage 6 and taken to the center of the casting machine, where they are fed out together with a concrete bar under a special calibration head. The carriage is then made to move at a constant rate with the concrete bar, in which case the reinforcing bars are pushed in until the concrete bar is gripped by them.

The profiled concrete bar is fed to the conveyor unit 10 at a feed station indicated by the letter A in Figure 1. During the feed, the conveyor belt 12 of the unit 10 is driven by an external drive consisting of a drive motor 21 with a variator 22. The drive unit 14. The pivot axis at the opposite end of the transport unit is marked with the number 13.

Before engaging the output shaft of the motor, the transport unit is locked in position by a fastening nail 20 'which cooperates with a crossbar 20 at the end of the transport unit. The nail 20 'is shown schematically in Figure 2.

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The locking of the transport unit 20 and the engagement of the drive motor 21 take place completely automatically.

The correct element length is set by means of a pulse counter (not shown) which automatically cuts off the feed from the casting machine 1 when the correct element length is reached. The pulse counter can then simultaneously set a certain additional length to center the profile bar on the belt.

Once the correct length of the element has been obtained, the rod is cut, which can be done by a manual or automatic cutting member, not shown. The transport unit is then transported in a circular motion, bypassing certain handling and other stations marked with the letters B-K in Figure 1. At different stations, the concrete bar and the transport unit, respectively, are controlled and / or handled in a certain way.

At the station marked with the letter B, the cut concrete surface is finely cleaned. Station C can monitor the process so far, always ensuring that the production process is interrupted for profiles that cannot lead to an acceptable end product.

At the station, a few, suitably four transport units are stacked on top of each other, for which purpose a special stacking platform 41 with vertically movable arms is used.

After the four transport units are stacked on the stacking tray 41, a transport stand 40 of the type shown in Fig. 3 is brought to the stacking tray 41. The transport stand 40 is driven by floor rails 42 which include a turntable 42a which allows the transport stand to be turned 90 °. The purpose of this is to move the transport units to station E, which consists of a curing warehouse.

The transport stand 40 shown in Fig. 3 consists of a vertical frame 40a with a lower frame part 40b supporting the rail wheels 40c. The two cylinders 40c act on four pairs of lifting and lowering arms 40d, which support the transport units 10. The transport units 10 are thus moved to the stacking '**' n *. '· »· * 8 61653 from the base 41 to the transport rack 40 by driving the transport rack close to the base 41, whereby all the arms 40d are lifted into contact from the transport unit 10 towards.

After the transport stand 40 has turned 90 ° on the turntable 42a, the corresponding delivery of the transport units takes place at the curing point 43 marked with the number 43 at the station E, which, as mentioned above, is a curing store.

The curing point 43 may be arranged as a slow-moving conveyor, from one end to the other of which the units pass during the period required for curing the profile elements. Alternatively, the curing point may be a stationary rack that is filled with stacked transport units until the rack is completely or partially filled, after which the units remain in place until the profile elements have hardened.

Irrespective of the design of the curing reservoir E, the corresponding transport of the units from one end of the curing depot to the stack-unloading station F takes place by a similar transport rack 40 'moving on rails 42' including a turntable 42'a.

At the unloading station F, the course of events is opposite to that at the stacking station D. When the transport unit 10 is positioned at the height of the adjacent receiving table at the delivery station G, the conveyor belt 12 is final delivery of the element.

At the same time, the return transport of the empty transport unit 10 is started, whereby it first passes through the cleaning station H, where the transport unit is attached and connected to an external drive motor 21 for using a belt, which facilitates cleaning with e.g. a water-cast brush.

The transport unit then passes through two other stations, marked I and J, which are used as buffer stores, before the transport unit finally arrives at station K,>: «?! 9 61653 wherein the cross conveyor 50 automatically moves the transport unit to the home position at station A, where a new cycle is started.

The transport units are transported on a roller track 30, 30a of the type shown in Fig. 2, except between stations D-E-F. This allows precise control and monitoring of the transport phase. This applies to the transport of the concrete bar and the profile element, respectively, which is started by starting the belt 12 by means of an external drive source 21.

Depending on the type of element to be manufactured, the transport cycle may include other stations. Thus, it may, for example, have a cutting station for handling, above all, elements with a manufacturing defect, e.g. because the reinforcement protrudes out of the element, etc. Such elements can also be at least partially "saved" by removing defective parts of the element by cutting and recovering the remaining ones. parts of the element.

One skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications of the described production process may be considered primarily depending on the type of element being manufactured in accordance with the invention. When using, for example, pulps which cure relatively quickly, for example, the stacking and unloading stations D and F and the curing storage E can be omitted, whereby the production instead takes place in a substantially constant flow, with the curing itself taking place on the roller conveyor below. In addition, other types of conveyor members for the units can be used instead of the roller conveyor 30, 30a. However, precise control and monitoring of the process is necessary to enable the automated industrial manufacture of profile elements in the true sense of the term.

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Claims (11)

A method of making profile elements from a curable mass such as concrete using a casting machine from which the mass is delivered as a rod, preferably via a replaceable die, which determines the shape of the rod profile, after which the rod is cut into elements of the desired length, fed to a known endless conveyor. that the belt is stopped and the conveying unit itself is further conveyed in a cycle during which the element hardens and after curing is handed over from the conveying unit, and that the empty conveying unit is returned to its initial position for receiving a new profiled bar from the casting machine. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the belt of the transport unit is used at least during the feeding of the concrete bar and / or during the delivery of the hardened element from the transport unit. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the belt is driven by an external drive source with an outgoing shaft which is temporarily connected to a belt pivot shaft at the end of the transport unit. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that two or more transport units from the transport unit are stacked on top of each other in the rack before curing and are thus stacked in a curing warehouse, after which the transport units are unloaded and the finished elements are delivered. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the empty transport units are transported back through a cleaning station where their belts are used. A plant for producing profile elements from a curable mass, such as concrete, which plant preferably comprises a casting machine with a replaceable nozzle (1a) for delivering a profiled bar of curable mass, and a conveying system with a number of stations (AG) 11 61653 for processing, machining and / or for curing, characterized in that the conveying system comprises a plurality of means (30, 30a) from the conveying unit (10) with endless moving belts for conveying the conveying units (10) so as to pass through said stations (AG), means (20) to temporarily hold the conveyor unit (10) in place at at least one station such as a feed station (A) and / or a delivery station, and means (21, 23) for driving the conveyor belt (12) of the conveyor unit (10) at at least one such station. Plant according to claim 6, characterized in that the conveying means of the conveying units comprise at least one roller track (30, 30a) for horizontal conveying of successive conveying units (10) to the stacking station (D) and at least one conveyor (40) for conveying two or more conveying units stacked on top of and in the curing reservoir (E). Plant according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the drive means for transporting the units comprise an external drive motor (21) with an output shaft (21a) for connection to one of the pivot shafts (14) of the conveyor belt (12). Plant according to Claim 8, characterized in that the drive motor (21) for the conveyor belts (12) of the units is arranged at the feed station (A), the stacking station (F) and the cleaning station (H) of the empty transport units. Plant according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized by a cross conveyor (50) located in the region of the feed station (A) for the controlled transfer of empty transport units (10) to the feed station. 10 61 653 Transport unit for the production of profile elements from a curable mass, such as concrete, characterized in that it comprises a rack (11) with a lower part for transporting the unit on a roller track (30, 30a) and a terminal (61, 14) running around the terminals (13, 14). an endless belt (12), wherein one of the belt end shafts (13, 14) is intended to co-operate with a drive source (21) external to the conveyor belt. 13 61 653