FI58685C - EN I SAMBAND MED EN VAERMEPUMPANLAEGGNING ANVAEND ACKUMULATOR FOER VAERMEENERGI MED LAOG TEMPERATUR - Google Patents

Description

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'W (11) UTLÄGGNINGSSKRIFT 5 9685 C Patent granted 10 03 1901} Patent meddelat (51) Kv.Hc.Wa.3 F 24 D 11/00, F 24 H 7/00 ENGLISH l - F! N LAN D (21) PwentellMkmwit - PttamaraMcnlng 783139 (22) Hakrnnteptlrl - AmBknlngidag 16.10.78 '' (23) Alfcuptlvt — Glttlgh «tad« g 16.10.78 (41) Tullut lulklwlcri - Bllvlt offantllg 17. 80

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p »t * nt- och regllteretyrtlMn v 'AraMctn utltgd oeh utl. * krlftm published 28.11.80 (32) (33) (31) Requested front 68, U8600 Karhula, Finland

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a heat accumulator for use in the presence of a humid, climate-induced heat accumulator in the presence of a damp, climate-induced heat accumulator. -ty part of the soil and which can be used, for example, to store heat for the winter months for heating buildings, so that the heat released from the accumulator during freezing by the heat pump evaporator is brought to a higher temperature and passed to the building to heat it.

The principle of operation of the accumulator is that heat is supplied to it, usually heat loss from, for example, building wastewater, ventilation air, heat pump subcooling, a solar cell, etc. when it is available. With this e-energy, the accumulator, which, as mentioned, is insulated from its upper surface against the effects of outdoor air, is kept warm and, above all, molten until the stored heat is needed in the winter months to be pumped by a heat pump to heat the building. The heat is transferred to the accumulator up to the pipeline immersed in the soil, which pipeline passes in a suitable manner through the available western sources connected to them, for example via heat exchangers. The accumulator is preferably discharged via the same piping, but it is also possible to use, for example, the evaporator piping of a heat pump plant directly embedded in the accumulator.

As mentioned above, the operation of the accumulator is mainly based on the heat released when the ground is frozen. The capacity of the accumulator is thus essentially dependent on the freezing heat of the earth. Here are a few chapters on the freezing temperatures of different types of land; wet clay 320 Mj / m3 dry clay 187 "sand 79" (Source: INSKO publication 73-74. Heat pump and its utilization.) The above figures show that a soil that is well able to retain as much water as possible is the most advantageous.

Wet clay sludge is, for example, wet peat.

The change in humidity conditions in such a reservoir occurs due to its heating, load and variations in air and ambient soil temperature. During the period when the accumulator is not loaded but heat is supplied to it, it may be, partly also due to the soil's own heat, very warm and dry easily. In practice, temperatures of 17-1Ö ° C have been measured in the storage tank's piping in August.

Varying humidity and temperature conditions make it difficult to build the thermal insulation of the accumulator so that the insulation always retains its insulating capacity without being impaired by run-off surface water or condensed moisture. In normal constructions, e.g. building insulation, thermal insulators are protected from wetting by different moisture barriers, but in this case, when the humidity flow direction changes with the temperature differences between the outdoor air and the accumulator so that the upper and lower sides are colder, it is harmful. For example, if there is a moisture barrier on the upper surface of the insulation, the insulation is wetted when the outside air is colder than the soil due to rising moisture from below, although the moisture barrier on the upper surface prevents surface water from penetrating the insulation.

If, on the other hand, a moisture barrier is placed on the lower surface of the insulation, the surface waters can freely penetrate the insulation but not through it. Applying a moisture barrier to both surfaces, on the other hand, makes the insulation an almost closed space, which always tends to gradually get wet and remain wet as continuous heat fluctuations occur.

The object of the present invention is to provide a accumulator in which ensuring the moisture of the soil and keeping the thermal insulation dry is achieved simply by installing the insulators in a certain manner and the features of the invention become apparent from the appended claim 1.

The latest thermal insulation technology for buildings has taken advantage of the property of mineral wool boards that they transfer moisture remarkably easily along the surface of the board and again with difficulty perpendicularly through the board. This feature is used, for example, when the thermal insulation of the ground floor of a building is installed outside the concrete wall directly against the surrounding ground and drains are installed below this thermal insulation. In this case, all the moisture drains along the insulation, the insulation stays dry and the concrete mass of the entire downstairs stays warm inside the insulation. The same phenomenon can be exploited in the thermal insulation to be installed above the accumulator covered by this patent application by placing the plates inclined i, whereby surface water and other moisture entering the plate flows partly on the plate surface, partly inside it in the direction of the plate inclined surface. At the same time, in order to easily solve the second problem of the accumulator, the soil of the accumulator itself remaining moist, this water is suitably led to the accumulator itself to moisten the soil mass around its piping.

In the experiments carried out on the run-off of water from the insulation boards, the insulation material was a coarse-fiber hard glass wool board with an average fiber thickness of 8-10 μ, a thickness of 10 cm-2 'and a bulk density of 75 kg / m 2. (Trade name Front plate -75-10). The plates were soaked that they were completely wet, with a water content of 6ΐ5 ~ 7δΟ weight-55 (460-575 ltr / m ^). The plates were placed to drain at different angles of inclination, with the following amounts of water in the plates running out during the experiment, which lasted 25 min.

4,58685

Slope The amount of water removed from the total amount of water in the plate is 1: 3.5 47 1: 5 24 1 :: 6 20 1: 8 12 1: 10 8 This table shows that with a slope of 1: 5 to 1: 3.5, water that impairs insulation is quickly removed, thus, the removal of surface water and condensed water from the insulation can be easily handled without the need to use moisture barriers which, under other conditions, when moisture penetrates upwards from the ground, would be detrimental to the insulation capacity. .

The structure of the accumulator can be seen in the figure below. Inside the moisture - retaining soil layer (1), heat transfer piping (2) and. above it a gravel layer (3) which is shaped so that the plates (4) placed on it are arranged in the desired manner so as to lead towards the center of the accumulator either at one point or, depending on the size of the accumulator, at several points or slots (5). From these points, water can be applied over the entire accumulator mass below either by means of a gravel layer (3) or piping (6) to increase the soil moisture and thus improve the capacity of the accumulator.

In order to prevent any excess water that may accumulate in the accumulator from remaining in the insulation, a suitable overflow must be arranged at the level of the lower surface of the insulation, for example a drain (7). On top of the insulation constructed in this way, a gravel layer (8) can first be installed and on top of it, for example, food soil, and it can be used as a growing base for areas or a garden.

Any additional watering that the accumulator may need can be easily carried out by pouring it from above with an irrigation shower, similar to garden watering.

Installing thermal insulation on a slope does not increase insulation costs. The direction of heat transfer in the ground is perpendicular to the ground and not perpendicular to the plate. As a result, the effective insulation thickness is the same as the thickness of the insulation perpendicular to the ground power, so when sloping insulation boards are used, they may be correspondingly thinner than the horizontal slope angle. Thus, in order to achieve the same insulation performance, the same cubic amount of insulation is required to be placed horizontally or at any angle of inclination. The most suitable angle is determined by the desired total depth of the heat accumulator and the selected size of the plates or inclined surfaces. In order to achieve a good result both in terms of keeping the insulation dry and keeping the accumulator wet, it is advisable to use a relatively large slope, for example 1: 3 - 1: 5 ·

Suitable insulating material is any thermal insulation material prepared as earth insulation which meets the requirement that surface water and other moisture spilled on it flow along the inclined surface of the insulation or inside the insulation in the desired direction. Foam plastics, which are popular in earth insulation, are not particularly recommended in such a case because they are subject to constant moisture flows and, despite their theoretically dense cellular structure, they gradually hydrate over the decades, i.e. the cells are filled with water which does not escape by run-off »The most advantageous insulation material has proven to be a hard glass wool board with an average fiber thickness of 8-10 μm and a bulk density of 75 kg / m ^ ·

In addition, the board should contain as few ultra-thin fibers as possible and the fiber length should be so large that the fibers are oriented as much as possible parallel to the surface of the board. In such a board, water moves best in the direction of the surface of the board (a suitable quality is a glass wool board sold under the trade name Otsolevy - 75).

When installing the insulation, care should be taken to ensure that no heat leakage occurs in the "brush" of the insulation by shaping the edges of the brush plates obliquely.

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Claims (6)

6 58685 A heat accumulator for use in connection with a heat pump plant, consisting of a moist soil part (1) thermally insulated from the upper surface against the climate and heat transfer piping (2) therein, characterized in that the heat insulator (4) or parts thereof are inclined to the ground or the condensed moisture entering it can be led to one or more desired points of the insulation to be passed as evenly as possible to the lower part of the soil (1)) in order to increase its freezing heat and thus increase the capacity of the accumulator. Heat accumulator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the water flowing from the thermal insulation (4) is arranged to be evenly conducted to the soil part (1) through a gravel layer (3) arranged below the insulating layer (4). Heat accumulator according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water flowing from the insulation layer is arranged to be led evenly to the soil part (1) by means of a piping (6) arranged below the insulation layer (4) and collecting the water flowing therefrom. Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal insulation (4) is made of mineral fiber. Heat accumulator according to Claim 4, characterized in that the thermal insulator (4) is made of glass wool with a fiber thickness of approximately 8 to 10 μm. Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slope of the plate or plates forming the thermal insulation (4) is steeper than 1:10.