FI20195346A1 - Profiling sawline, cutter head unit of a profiling sawline and method for profiling a log - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a profiling saw line, a cutting head unit of a profiling saw line and a method for profiling a log. The cutting head unit (14) of the profiling saw line comprises a chopping head (17) in the y-axis direction to remove excess wood material from the log (1) in the y-axis direction and in addition the cutting head unit (14) has a bite disc (16) which saws in x- the direction of the shaft, placed in the direction of movement of the log (1) before the chipping head (17) in the direction of the y-axis. The bite disc (16) which saws in the x-axis direction may have teeth (20) which make a notch in the wood material to be removed, which teeth become wider towards the tip of the tooth. The profiling saw line comprises several cutting head units described above.

Description

Profiling saw line, blade head unit of the profiling saw line and method for profiling the log

The object of the invention is a profiling saw line, the blade head unit of the profiling saw line and a method for profiling a log.

The purpose of the profiling saw line is to remove excess wood from the logs before sawing the logs into boards in circular saw units. This removal of excess wood material takes place with a chipping blade, which turns the wood material to be removed directly into wood chips. The profiling saw line also aims to optimize the wood that can be used from the logs and to minimize the amount of wood chips generated. — A saw line representing the state of the art is known from publication EP0920962 B1. In this publication, the log is profiled and sawn into boards. In order to remove excess wood from the logs, the circular saw of the saw line delimits the side of the edge to be removed, and the excess wood is removed from the logs with a chipping blade installed in parallel. Proceeding in this way step by step, a blank is born, which is sawn ready — into lumber.

The use of a circular saw in connection with the removal of wood material with a chipping blade allows for a flat surface on the side of the wood material removal with the chipping blade.

However, the removal of excess wood with a chipping blade creates a wavy or otherwise uneven surface in the profiled log. Such irregularities are transferred to the sides of the boards to be sawn as such and are therefore undesirable.

An attempt has been made to eliminate the problem by adding a smoothing blade/smoothing blades to the saw line, with which surface irregularities can be removed to a certain extent. An uneven surface is created when the chipping blade creates a wave-like surface on the log during the chipping process. o This wave-like shape must be removed from the side surfaces of the resulting boards by ironing > 25 — the surfaces in a separate work step with a round blade after the end of the chipping blade. At the same time, the chopper blades also cause branch tears, which are often so deep that removing them by stroking the surface with a round blade is not completely successful. Chipping blade - also removes long wood fibers that tend to block the machine and cause more cleaning/maintenance of the machine.

S 30 —The solution according to the invention removes the problems described above from the undesirable unevenness and surface defects created on the sides of the board. Rats according to the invention

N saws as a profiling saw line, as a blade head unit of a profiling saw line, and as a method for profiling a log enable the profiling and sawing of a log into finished timber without shape defects occurring on the sides of the finished timber or shape defects having to be removed with separate silo cutters or the like. The solution according to the invention also reduces the number of long wood fibers generated and shortens the length of the generated wood fibers.

In the following, the invention is described in more detail with the help of examples and at the same time reference is made to — the following figures, in which figures 1a-1n show step by step the machining steps of the profiling saw line according to the invention, figure 2 shows as a principle drawing the blade head unit of the profiling saw line according to the invention, and — figure 3 shows the round blade of the blade head unit of the profiling saw line.

Figure 1a shows a schematic diagram of log 1 measured with a log meter as it arrives at the beginning of the saw line. The orientation of log 1 is illustrated in figures 1a-1n with the xy axis.

In Figure 1b, the two opposite sides 2 of the log 1 are machined straight, for example with a simple chipper. In this example, chipping takes place in the plane parallel to the y-axis. The straightening of the pages 2 takes place on the basis of the optimization of the predefined support 1. The aim of the optimization is to get as much material as possible from each log 1 as finished lumber.

In Figure 1c, four grooves 3 have been sawn into log 1 in the direction of the x-axis with the circular blade of the first unit of the profiling saw line. The sawn grooves 3 are sawn based on a predetermined depth to optimize the finished lumber obtained from the logs 1.

In picture 1d, excess wood material is removed from log 1 with the en- = smooth chipping bits of the profiling saw line. If the chipping takes place with the state-of-the-art procedure 5, the surface to be chipped 4 in the plane of the x-axis becomes uneven due to the tendency of the chips to create a wave-like shape. Also extra

Q 25 — the detachment of the material is particularly large at the branch points of log 1. According to the invention

In this solution, the grooves 3 parallel to the x-axis according to figure 1c limit the wood material to be chipped in such a way that this kind of detachment of excess material in the plane defined by the x-axis 3 from the surface 4 cannot occur. The chipping blade head can at its simplest be only a chipping blade, but preferably it consists of a round blade

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From the combination of N 30 and the actual chipping blade, in which case the circular blade cuts a clean edge 31 in the y-axis direction of the timber and at the same time the chipping blade installed next to it removes excess material from the logs 1. This blade combination is shown in more detail in connection with figure 2.

In Figure 1e, four grooves 5 have been sawn into the log 1 in the direction of the x-axis with the circular blade of the second unit of the profiling saw line. The sawn grooves 5 are sawn to a predetermined depth based on the optimization of the finished lumber obtained from the logs 1.

In Figure 1f, excess wood material has been removed from logs 1 with the other chipping edges of the profiling saw line. As with the step in figure 1d, if chipping takes place according to the state of the art procedure, the surface to be chipped in the x-axis plane 6 becomes uneven due to the bending of the chipper blades creating a wave-like shape. The detachment of excess material is also particularly large at the branch points of log 1. In the solution according to the invention, the grooves according to figure 1e delimit the wood material to be chipped in such a way that such detachment of excess material in the plane defined by the x-axis from the surface 6 cannot occur. At its simplest, the chipping blade head can only be a chipping blade, but preferably it consists of a combination of a circular blade and an actual chipping blade, whereby the circular blade cuts a neat edge 32 in the y-axis direction of the wood and at the same time the chipping blade installed next to it removes excess material from the logs 1.

Figure 1g shows at this stage the finished timber products according to this example, i.e. four boards 7 that can be removed from logs 1 by sawing. — In picture 1h, log 1 is turned 90 degrees to continue its profiling.

In Figure 1i, two opposite sides 8 are machined into straight planes, for example with a simple chipper. In this example, chipping takes place in the plane parallel to the y-axis. The straightening of the pages 8 takes place on the basis of the pre-defined optimization of the support 1. The aim of optimization is to get as much material as possible from each log 1 5 25 — into finished lumber.

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> In Figure 1j, four grooves 9 have been sawn into log 1 in the direction of the x-axis with a profiling saw-

With the round blade of the third unit of line I. The sawn grooves 9 are sawn to a predetermined = depth based on the optimization of the finished timber obtained from the logs 1.

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S In Figure 1k, excess wood material has been removed from log 1 in the corner of the profiling saw line.

D 30 — mansilla with chipping tips. As in the case of step 1d and 1f in pictures, if ha-

The chipping takes place with a state-of-the-art procedure, the surface to be chipped becomes uneven due to the tendency of the chipping blades to create a wave-like shape. The detachment of excess material is also particularly large at the branch points of log 1. In the solution according to the invention, the grooves 9 according to figure 1j delimit the wood material to be chipped in such a way that this kind of detachment of excess material in the plane defined by the x-axis from the surface 10 cannot occur. At its simplest, the chipping blade head can only be a chipping blade, but preferably it consists of — a combination of a round blade and an actual chipping blade, in which case the circular blade cuts a neat edge 33 in the y-axis direction of the wood, and at the same time the chipping blade installed next to it removes excess material from the logs 1.

In Figure 11, four grooves 11 have been sawn into the log 1 in the x-axis direction with the circular blade of the fourth unit of the profiling saw line. The sawn grooves 11 are sawn to a predetermined — depth based on the optimization of the finished timber obtained from the logs 1.

In picture 1m, excess wood material is removed from log 1 with the fourth chipping blades of the profiling saw line. Similarly to the steps in Figures 1d, 1f and 1k, if the chipping takes place according to the state of the art procedure, the surface to be chipped becomes uneven due to the tendency of the chipping blades to create a wave-like shape. The detachment of excess material is also particularly large at the branch points of the log. In the solution according to the invention, the grooves 11 according to figure 11 delimit the wood material to be chipped in such a way that this kind of detachment of excess material in the plane determined by the x-axis from the surface 12 cannot occur. In its simplest form, the chipping blade head can only be a chipping blade, but preferably it consists of a combination of a circular blade and an actual chipping blade, whereby the circular blade cuts the wood with a clean edge 34 in the direction of the y-axis, and at the same time the chipping blade installed next to it removes excess material from the logs 1.

In Figure 1n, a profiled log 1 is sawn, for example, with a circular saw into ready-to-saw blanks 13 without the need for a smoothing blade/blades to finish the log in accordance with the profiled saw lines of the technical level. This will remove log 1 to be profiled

N processing steps and makes the profiling saw line simpler and more economical to implement. In addition, it is avoided that defects caused by deep branch tears remain in the finished sawn products, because the chips that cause branch tears

I markers are not in direct contact with the surfaces of finished pieces of wood. a © 30 Figure 2 shows the blade head unit 14 of the profiling saw line, which performs over-

O amount of wood removal from log 1. Log 1 arrives at the end of the profiling saw line

D for blade head units after it has been machined as shown in figure 1b

Make two opposite sides straight, for example with a simple chipper. The blade head unit 14 of the profiling saw line consists of a guide roller 15, which positions the processed log 1 — in the correct position for the circular blade 16 in the direction of the x-axis and the chipping blade 17 in the direction of the y-axis. There are preferably four pieces of blade end units 14 at each processing point, so that machining can be done simultaneously on all corners of log 1, which have been achieved by straightening two sides. As the log 1 moves forward in the profiling saw line, the circular blades 16 along the x-axis cut horizontal grooves 3, 5, 9 or 11 along the x-axis into the log 1 5, as shown earlier in figures 1c, 1e, 1] and 11. Immediately after this, the chipping blade head 17, which in its simplest form is only a chipping blade 25, but preferably also comprises a circular blade 18 installed vertically along the y-axis immediately next to the chipping blade 25, removes excess wood material from logs 1. The chipping blade 25 preferably consists of 2-6 — blades that chip the material to be removed.

Because the circular blade 18 parallel to the y-axis saws for the chipping blade 25 the flat sides 31, 32, 33 and 34 parallel to the y-axis (shown in figures 1d, 1f, 1k and 1m) before the removal of wood by the chipping blade 25, the sides parallel to the y-axis are smoothed by profiling without damage 1 surface of the log. Likewise, when the chipping blade 25 — advances in the direction of the y-axis towards the sawing 3, 5, 9 and 11 made by the horizontal blade 16 parallel to the x-axis, and finally reaches it, all the required excess wood material can be chipped without the block 1 of the x-axis or There will be damage to the profiling surfaces parallel to the y-axis (surfaces 3, 5, 9 and 11 and 4, 6, 10 and 12 shown in Figures 1). When removing excess material, the chipping blade 25 creates a wave-like surface shape on the surface of the log 1 in the plane of the x-axis, which has to be removed in a separate work step by smoothing the surface. In the state-of-the-art search event, another unwanted phenomenon also occurs. When the chipping blade 25 detaches a piece of wood chips, material strips of approx. 1-2 mm thickness, which are up to several meters long, are created in the process. Such long wood slats block the machinery and hinder the operation of the rest of the process. Such an undulating uneven surface caused by the chipping blade (surfaces 3, 5, 9, and 11 of figures 1d, 1f, 1k and 1m), where > there are still branch tears, occurs when the chipping blade 25x detaches the chips from the surface being chipped during the chipping event. Extra long wood fibers that undesiredly detach from the log to be profiled easily block the machinery of the sawing line - 30 — and thus increase the need for cleaning the sawing line. The method according to the state of the art = causes, especially at the branch points, unevenness in the working surface in the direction of the x-axis. These unevennesses have to be removed by smoothing the surface

After the initiation event. Smoothing is typically done with a smoothing round blade, which cannot remove all the holes created during chipping with > 2-3 mm smoothing. —With the solution according to the invention, both an x-direction surface (surfaces 3, 5, 9, and 11 of figures 1d, 1f, 1k and 1m) and a y-direction surface (surfaces of figures 1d, 1f, 1k and 1m

31.

The rotary blade 16 preferably rotates against the feed direction of the log 1, i.e. it is a counter saw.

The circular blade 16 is advantageously used, for example, from the main shaft via a toothed belt and an angle gear (not shown in the pictures). The circular blade 16 can also have its own use.

Figure 3 shows an advantageous embodiment of the round blade 16 of the profiling saw line. Part of the teeth 19 of the round blade 16 are shaped into different groove-making teeth 20. The groove-making teeth 20 widen from one edge towards the tip of the tooth, while the regular teeth 19 are essentially the same thickness on both sides of the tooth. the whole way. The widening side of the groove-making tooth 20 is directed towards the material to be removed with the chipping blade. There are preferably 2-4 pieces of groove-making teeth 20 in each round blade. However, their number can vary as needed and typically be 1-10 pieces in each round blade 16. The purpose of the widening, groove-making tooth 20 is to make grooves on the surface of the grooves parallel to the x-axis. When excess material is removed with the chipping blade, the chipping blade presses down on the wood at the same time, and as the chipping blade approaches the groove parallel to the x-axis, the chipping blade creates long wood fibers. When the surface of the groove in the direction of the x-axis is grooved, the resulting long wood fibers break easily into shorter pieces, and wood fibers several meters long cannot be born. When the size/length of the resulting wood fibers can be shortened during the logging process, the profiling saw line is not blocked by long wood fibers so easily.

In this example, the groove-making tooth 20 has a straight side profile, but the side profile can also be chosen to be curved, for example. It is essential that the tooth le-

The sharper tip makes the horizontal groove parallel to the x-axis grooved and thus causes the wood fibers produced during chipping to break into smaller pieces more easily.

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- The method according to the invention for profiling the log 1 comprises the following steps: a c - bring the log 1 to the beginning of the profiling saw line, 3 30 - level the two opposite sides of the log 1 in the plane of the y-axis, e.g. with just a scraper,

N - with a circular blade 16, four grooves parallel to the x-axis are cut into the leveled sides 2 of log 1,

- for example, the excess wood material is removed by chopping in the direction of the y-axis up to the grooves 3 along the x-axis from the depth of the entire groove 3 along the x-axis, - if necessary, four grooves along the x-axis 5 of the log 1 created in the previous work step are sawed with a circular blade 16 parallel plane surfaces 31 and is removed, for example, by chopping the excess wood in the direction of the y-axis up to the grooves 5 parallel to the x-axis from the depth of the entire groove 5 parallel to the x-axis, - if necessary, repeat the previous step one or more times, - saw the finished timber in the direction of the y-axis, for example with a circular saw the pieces 7 off the log 1, - turn the log 90 degrees, - level the two opposite sides 8 of the log 1 in the plane of the y-axis, for example with a wood chipper, - use the circular blade 16 to saw four grooves 9 parallel to the x-axis in the sides 8 of the log 1 leveled in the previous step, - remove, for example, by chipping excess wood material in the direction of the y-axis up to the grooves 9 along the x-axis from the depth of the entire groove 9 along the x-axis, - if necessary, four grooves 11 along the x-axis are sawed with a circular blade 16 into the plane surface 33 along the y-axis created in the previous work step of log 1 and is removed, for example, by chopping the excess wood in the direction of the y-axis up to the grooves 11 along the x-axis from the entire depth of the groove 11 along the x-axis, - if necessary, the previous step is repeated one or more times, and - sawing in the direction of the y-axis, for example, a log profiled with a circular saw 1 val- > into what pieces of timber 13.

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5 In the example described above, profiling has been performed twice for each side of the log. However, the number of profiles can vary freely from the supports according to the desired final - 30 — products. They can advantageously be 1-6 pieces/page. In the case of thick logs, the number of profilings can be even higher.

S The round blade 16 used in the method can be equipped with groove-making teeth 20, > which help to cut the long wood fibers produced during chipping, which have or-

S black rubber block machinery. Grooving teeth 20 can be 1-10 pieces/round bit 16, preferably 2-4 pieces/round bit 16.

With the method according to the invention, a good surface is obtained for the wooden products to be manufactured and the creation of long wood fibers is prevented, thereby avoiding clogging of the machinery caused by wood fibers.

Above, the invention has been described by way of example, and the examples are in no way limiting the scope of protection of the invention. The scope of protection of the invention is determined in accordance with the patent claims presented below. oO

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Claims (9)

Patent Claims 1. The blade head unit (14) of the profiling saw line, which blade head unit (14) comprises a chipping blade end (17) parallel to the y-axis for removing excess wood material from the logs (1) in the direction of the y-axis, characterized in that, in addition to that, the blade head unit (14) has The circular blade (16) sawing in the x-axis direction is placed in the direction of movement of the log (1) before the chipping blade end (17) in the y-axis direction. 2. The blade head unit (14) according to claim 1, characterized in that the chipping blade head (17) aligned with the y-axis comprises a chipping blade (25) and a circular blade (18) installed next to it aligned with the y-axis. 3. Blade head unit (14) according to patent claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, at least one of the teeth (19) of the circular blade (16) sawing in the x-axis direction is a tooth (20) widening from the other side of the tooth tip. 4. Blade head unit (14) according to patent claims 3, characterized in that there are 1-10 pieces of widening teeth (20)/round blade (16) and preferably 2-4 pieces/round blade (16). 5 A profiling saw line comprising one or more log processing points for profiling the log (1), characterized in that at least one of the log processing points comprises at least one blade head unit (14) according to claim 1. 6. A profiling saw line according to claim 5, characterized in that there are four blade head units (14) at the same processing point. 2 S 7. A method for profiling a log (1), which method comprises different steps when the log x (1) moves from the beginning of the profiling line to the end of the profiling line as follows: o - bring the log (1) to the beginning of the profiling saw line, - 30 - level the two opposite sides of the log (1) (2 ) in the plane of the y-axis, = - with a circular blade (16), four grooves (3) parallel to the x-axis are sawn into the smooth © sides (2) of the log, O - excess wood material is removed in the direction of the y-axis up to the D grooves (3) parallel to the x-axis throughout from the depth of the groove (3) parallel to the x-axis, N 35 - saw the finished timber pieces (7) in the direction of the y-axis from the log (1), - turn the log (1) 90 degrees, - level the two opposite sides (8) of the log (1) in the plane of the y-axis, - with a circular blade (16), four grooves (9) parallel to the x-axis are sawn into the sides (8) of the log (1) leveled in the previous step, - excess wood material is removed in the direction of the y-axis up to the grooves (9) parallel to the x-axis along the entire x-axis from the depth of the parallel groove (9), and - saw the profiled log (1) in the direction of the y-axis into ready-made pieces of lumber (13). 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps one or more times: - four grooves (3, 5, 9, 11) parallel to the x-axis are sawn with a circular blade (16) into the y-groove created in the previous work step of the block (1) to the flat surface parallel to the axis (31, 32, 33, 34), and - the excess wood material is removed in the direction of the y axis up to the grooves parallel to the x axis (3, 5, 9, 11) the entire groove parallel to the x axis (3, 5, 9, 11) from the depth. 9. A method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that when sawing grooves (3, 5, 9, 11) parallel to the x-axis with a circular blade (16), the tooth (20) of the circular blade (16) making a groove, widening towards the tip on one side ) makes grooves in the excess wood material to be removed. oO O N <+ <Q O N I a a O < O LO o O N