FI129970B - Method and arrangement for macadamizing a railroad switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new type of device and a method for its use in macadamizing railway tracks. The device comprises at least a first protection with a beam web (7), which exhibits two long edges (8) and shorter end edges (9) and a protective plane extending outwards from one long edge (8) of the beam web (7) (10), which with the beam web (7) forms a sharp internal angle (11). The protective plane has in relation to the beam web (10) an opposite edge (12), from which at least one cutout (13) extends in the direction of the beam web (7) in such a way that in the protective plane (10) at least one protective projection (14), which is narrower than the long side of the girder (8). The protection also includes fasteners (15) for attaching the protection to a bank structure intended to be protected.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR WREATHING A RAILROAD GEAR

ENGINEERING

[0001] The present invention relates to the construction and maintenance of railways and other rail traffic. In particular, the invention concerns the installation and maintenance of rail traffic gears. More precisely, the invention relates to the method of sprinkling the gear range according to the preamble of claim 1 and the arrangement for sprinkling.

BACKGROUND

[0002] In railway traffic, the track is built on a load-bearing foundation. A railway is — a traffic channel, the platform of which is usually two parallel steel rails. The rails are mostly supported from below with transverse sleepers, which rest on a support layer made of a wreath. The sprinkling of the support layer is one aspect of track maintenance. As a rule, the work is carried out with the help of wreath carriages attached to the locomotive. From these, the wreath is fed from above to the support layer through the dosing openings. However, for example — level crossings and switches are wreathed with a rail wheel excavator, because the work cannot be done with a standard wreath unit at the moment. Wreathing with an excavator's bucket is considerably — slower — compared to — wreath wagons — due to the — speeds of the work machines, the excavator's limited wreath transport capacity, and the long distances between the wreathing targets. In addition, excavator strewing is slowed down by the fact that there aren't always boarding places where — the excavator can get onto the tracks near the strewing target.

N It is currently not possible to rake the gears with the rake wagons because of over-rake

S wreaths fall from the carriages into critical parts of the gear, for example between the gear tongue and rail 3, which leads to a temporary inoperability of the gear.

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- [0003] The task of the track support layer is to keep the track geometrically in place, to divide it

E 25 — ballast for the track substructures and generally act as a flat support base for the railway track built on top of it =. The material used in the support layer is, as a rule, = rail waste or rail gravel. A well-maintained support layer belongs to a running train track

N conditions and therefore it is constantly monitored with measuring equipment. The rail track crumbles over time due to the load caused by rail traffic, which causes the unevenness of the track geometry to increase so much that the track position must be corrected by supporting it with a new track track

[0004] A wreath dispensing wagon with a total of four drainage hatches, two of which are on the inside of the track and two on the outside of the track, can be used for spreading the support layer. When winding the gearbox, the access of the freely falling wreath to the critical parts of the gearbox becomes a problem.

[0005] Critical parts from the point of view of garlanding are the roller bearings of the gear, the spaces between the tongues and the support rail, the bar-like setting and contact rung spaces, and the ends of the short rungs on the straight and curved sides of the rear extension area.

[0006] Publications US 717403, US 790994 and CN 201850437 describe known solutions for protecting railway gear.

SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the invention is to create a new method for sprinkling rail traffic tracks and an arrangement intended to implement the method. — [0008] The invention is characterized by what is stated in the distinguishing parts of the independent patent claims.

[0009] According to the first aspect of the invention, an arrangement has been formed in the strewing of rail traffic tracks, which arrangement comprises at least one first protection, which comprises a strip with two long edges and shorter end edges, the strip

N 20 — a protective layer extending away from one long edge, which forms with the web

N. Lol. . . . o a sharp inner corner and where the protection plane has an edge opposite to the web, from which s extends in the direction of the web at least one cut so that the protection plane forms at least

N one protective tab narrower than the long side of the webbing, and fasteners to attach the protection

I to the track structure to be protected. a

O 25 [0010] According to the second aspect of the invention, a gear is set in the method

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© at least one first or second protection and at least one third over the critical areas

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Q protection before wrapping, after which the gear is wrapped as usual by driving over the gear to be wrapped. After this, the employees of the crown unit remove the crown guards and check that the gear remains in working order

[0011] The arrangement according to the first feature of the invention may additionally comprise one or more of the following features: - — the fasteners are at least one magnet - the magnet or magnets are attached to the web to attach the protection to the web of the rail or tongue of the track structure - — the protection plane has several cuts and protection tabs - in relation to the protection plane of the web the opposite edge has a flange that extends from the web in the direction of the protection plane and has a fold that is shaped to go around the edge of the lower flange of the tongue - the opposite edge to the protection plane of the web has a flange that extends from the web in the opposite direction to the protection plane and has a fold that is directed at the outer edge of the flange to the short ends of the web in the same direction as the sides - the magnet or magnets are attached to the fold of the shield's flange - — the arrangement includes at least one shield with a wedge-shaped flat plate so that one end of the flat surface is narrower than its opposite end and at least one side of the flat plate has a stiffener running in the lengthwise direction of the shield - a wedge-shaped flat plate the cover comprising has at least one handle for handling the cover - — the arrangement comprises at least two differently dimensioned covers with wedge-shaped

N 20 flat surface

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© ? BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

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I [0012] In the following, some embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

O n NN © FIGURE 1 shows an example of a railway switch from above,

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FIGURE 2 shows a rail-rail tongue pair in cross-section,

FIGURE 3 shows one shield from one side,

FIGURE 4 — shows the protection of Figure 3 from the other side,

FIGURE 5 — shows the protection of Figure 3 from the end direction,

FIGURES 6 and 7 show the shield of Figure 3 as perspective images,

FIGURE 8 — shows another shield from one side,

FIGURE 9 shows the protection of Figure 8 from the other side,

FIGURE 10 shows the protection of Figure 8 from the end direction,

FIGURES 11 and 12 show the shield of Figure 8 as perspective images,

FIGURE 13 shows a third shield from one side,

FIGURE 14 shows the protection of Figure 13 from the other side,

FIGURE 15 shows the protection of Figure 13 from the end direction,

FIGURE 16 shows the shield of Figure 13 as perspective images,

FORMS OF APPLICATION

[0013] DEFINITIONS

[0014] This explanation describes structures intended for railway traffic. —The invention can also be applied to the needs of other rail traffic when there is a need for sprinkling or dosing or spreading of other granular matter.

N [0015] Wreathing is the application of granular material to the track structure or structure

N and it can be made with a substance other than the actual wreath, for example with grain size co

O with suitable gravel.

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I 20 — [0016] The task of the track's support layer is to keep the track geometrically in place, distribute a * ballast to the track's substructures and generally act as a flat support base on top of it

LO o for the built railway line. As a rule, the material used in the support layer is

O

N rail scrap or rail gravel. A well-maintained support layer belongs to a running train track

N conditions and therefore it is constantly monitored with measuring equipment. The rail track crumbles — over time due to the load caused by rail traffic, which increases the unevenness of the track geometry to such an extent that the position of the track must be corrected by supporting it with a new track track.

[0017] In order to be able to carry out the wreathing with a standard garland unit, the critical parts of the track gear area, such as the gap between the tongue of the gear and the rail and the gear transfer devices 5 — must be protected before wreathing, because the critical points must be clean after wreathing.

According to the invention, one or more guards are used for protection, which can be attached either to the track rail or to the tongue of the gear. The arrangement can have even 2 — 4 different or differently dimensioned protections, which are used in combination in the object to be protected.

In the wreathing method, for example, at least — one first or second guard and at least one third guard is placed over the critical areas of the gear before wreathing, after which the gear is wreathed in the usual way by driving over the gear to be wreathed.

After this, the employees of the crown unit remove the crown guards and check that the gear remains in working order.

[0018] FIG. 1 shows a railway switch from above. This gear is described here only as one example of the scope of application of the invention, and the invention can be used in connection with many other types of gear solutions and track parts. The track is formed from rails, which are tied with sleepers into 1 pair of rails. Here, the rail(s) on the input side of the gear are marked with the number 2 and the first rail on the output side with the number 6 and the second rail on the output side with the number 5. Each rail 5 on the output side ends with a tongue 3 that can be moved on the input side. These tongues are moved with tongue shifters 4, on which the rails are placed. The tongue shifter usually includes an actuator for carrying out the transfer movement and the organs for transferring the movement to the tongues 3. So that an excessively large force is not needed for the transfer, the tongue is adapted to move on bearings. When the gear is in the first position, 3 one of the strings is pressed against one rail on the input side and the string opposite to it is s 25 — away from the rail next to it. When a pair of wheels traveling on a track, for example

The wheels of the N train bogie, come into gear, the wheels follow the tongue against the rail and

I rail separated from the tongue. This way, the pair of wheels and the train continue from the switch in the direction of the first so. When the gear is turned, i.e. the position of the tongues is changed to 3 opposite to the rails, the pair of wheels and the train follow the previous tongue and rail of the opposite side

N 30 — the pair of wheels and the train steer in the other direction.

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[0019] The structure and operation of railway gears is well known, and different gear structures and their operation are therefore described here in more detail. In terms of understanding the invention, it is essential that the rail and tongue form a narrowing gap, which must be able to be opened and closed without interference. The movement trajectories of the gear actuators and their and the tongue must work without hindrance. in the case of fretting, this means keeping the fret away from between the rail and the tongue and away from the actuators and their trajectories.

[0020] FIGURES 3 to 7 show the first protection type. It is intended to be attached to the tongue 3 of the gear on the side facing away from its rail 2.

The first protection comprises a web 7, which has two long edges 8 and shorter end edges 9. A protective plane 10 extends away from one long edge 8 of the web 7, which forms a sharp inner corner 11 with the web 7. The protective plane 10 has an edge 12 opposite to the web 7, from which extends at least one cut 13 in the direction of the web 7 so that at least one protective tab 14 narrower than the long side 8 of the web 7 is formed on the protective plane 10.

Usually there are several protective tabs to protect the actuators and bearings of tongue 3. The cuts are needed so that the wreath could fit in the necessary places next to the objects to be protected. To ensure that the guard stays in place, it has — fasteners for attaching the guard to the track structure to be protected. In this first type of protection, magnets are used as fasteners, which are attached to the web 7. On the opposite edge of the web 7 to the protective plane 10, there is a flange 16, which extends from the web 7 in the direction of the protective plane 10 and has a fold 17, which is formed to go around the edge of the lower flange of the rail. The edge of the fold 17 turns with respect to the web of the protective layer 10 — in the opposite direction of the edge 12 there is a support layer 18. The ends of the protective tongues 14 have claws 19. The support layer has a groove 24 into which the gear heating cable can be fitted, for example. These grooves can be of different shapes and at different points, depending on the necessary equipment reservations.

N [0021] When the cover described above, the first cover, is put in place, strand 7

O is fitted against the web of tongue 3, so that it sticks to it with magnets 15. Fold 17 goes around s 25 — the edge of the lower flange of tongue 3 and the support plane is placed against the sleepers 1 or the wreath to protect the supports.

N Nails 19 also help the guard stay in place. See the tongue in FIGURE 2

I cross section. a 0 [0022] FIGURES 8 to 12 depict another shield. The structure of the second protection is 8 otherwise similar to the first protection, but from the channel 7 in relation to the protection level 10

O 30 — the flange 16 extending from the opposite long edge has a different shape. The flange 16 extends from the web 7 in the direction opposite to the protective plane 10 and has a fold 17 which is oriented in the same direction as the short sides 9 of the web at the outer edge of the flange 16. Fold

17 can be parallel to the short sides 9 of the web or extend generally parallel. In the second cover, the magnets 15 are attached to the fold. This second protection is placed on the tongue 3 of the gear in such a way that the fold comes against the web facing the rail 2 of the tongue 3 and the flange 16 against the upper surface of the tongue.

[0023] FIGURES 13 — 14 show a third shield. The third shield has a wedge-shaped flat plate 20 so that one end 21 of the flat plate 20 is narrower than its opposite end 22 and on the opposite side of the flat plate there is a stiffener 23 running along the length of the shield. grid, corrugation — or cellular structure. The third shield, comprising a wedge-shaped flat plate 20, has at least one handle for handling the shield. In this example, the handle is attached to the housing.

Shields in the shape of the third shield can be used with different dimensions, and the arrangement according to the invention can comprise, for example, at least two differently dimensioned shields with a wedge-shaped flat surface. — [0024] In one type of support layer wreathing carriages, there are a total of four emptying hatches, two of which are on the inside of the track and two on the outside of the track. When winding the gearbox, the access of the freely falling wreath to the critical parts of the gearbox becomes a problem. Critical parts from the point of view of garlanding are the roller bearings of the gear, the spaces between the tongues and the support rail, the bar-like setting and contact rung spaces, — and the ends of the short rungs on the straight and curved sides of the rear extension area. In order to be able to perform wreathing with a standard wreath unit, these points must be protected before wreathing, as the critical points must be clean after wreathing. Protection can be done

N with an arrangement according to the invention, whereby the ones described above are placed on the gear tongue

O protections according to the first or second protection and the wedge-shaped gap between the rail and the tongue is covered with protections according to s 25 — the third example protection. In the third shelters, you can use them as well

N uses magnets to ensure it stays in place.

E [0025] The properties required of the guards are based on the requirements of the company 0 performing the work, the wreath instructions and the Occupational Safety Act. It would be advantageous for protectors to meet one or more of the following requirements. The protectors should at least fit

O 30 — for two types of gears, and the guard must be easy to use and light, so that it can be moved by hand within the legal weight limits as safely as possible. The product must be durable enough to withstand the blows of a wreath falling from the cart.

The wreath protection must fit in the train's sidecar transversely during transport, which is why = the maximum length of the wreath protection must be well below 2860 millimeters.

A simple — fastening — enables quick installation of the protective plate, which makes it possible to sprinkle the driven gear with limited working time. Gears that turn to the left and — to the right can be mirror images of each other, which is why it is possible to design the protection so that the protection of one gear is suitable for gear types that turn to the right and to the left. In this case, the number of shelters does not increase too much. The wreath that falls on the guards must end up near the rails of the gear for support, so grooves must be designed in the guard to guide the wreath.

[0026] In order to limit the weight, it is advantageous to make the guards from aluminum alloys or plastic, even polycarbonate.

[0027] The guards must be attached to the gear, so that they do not come off during wreathing, and when detached, parts of the gear or wreath unit would possibly be broken. The attachment should preferably be as — simple and — easy to use as possible, so that installing the protection takes as little time as possible.

Possible fastening methods include, for example, bolt, wedge, or magnetic fastening.

With bolt fastening — the protective plate would be attached with bolts to, for example, a support rail or a concrete sleeper, with wedge fastening the protective plate could be attached either to the ground with sharp wedges or between the support rail and tongue, and with magnetic fastening the protective plate — could be attached to, for example, a supporting rail or other steel parts. Magnetic fastening is one inexpensive fastening method. The magnetic attachment enables the protection to be easily attached to the iron rail without separate tools. In addition, the attachment point is easy to implement with magnets, because there is a lot of attachment surface, and the dimensions of the 3 gears that deviate within the tolerances do not cause problems on the construction site. Round magnets used in industry s 25 — can be designed to be fixed with either a bolt or glue to the shield magnets

N for intended immersions. The magnetic inserts are sized for the diameter of the magnetic disc

According to I, so that the magnet can be firmly attached to the structure of the protection. a 0 [0028] The magnetic fastening, the sloping upper surface 8 made possible by the sharp angle of the webbing and the protective surface, and the cuts for guiding the wreath create an arrangement

O 30 — the functionality of the protections according to the first and second protection. A groove for the gear heating cable increases functionality. The carrying handles improve usability and can be removed for storage.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0029] The invention is suitable for use in the construction and maintenance of railway tracks.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 sleeper 2 rail on the inbound side 3 tongue of the rail 4 tongue shifter 5 second rail on the leaving side 6 first rail on the leaving side 7 web 8 long side 9 short side 10 protective surface 11 inner corner 12 edge opposite to the web

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N 13 surgery

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3 14 protective tab

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N r 15 magnet =

D 20 16 flange

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Oh

N 17 art

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18 support plane 19 claw

Claims (13)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. An arrangement for garlanding the tracks of rail traffic, characterized by the fact that the arrangement comprises: - at least one first protection, which comprises - a belt (7) with two long edges (8) and shorter end edges (9), - a belt (7) from one long a protective plane (10) extending away from the edge (8), which forms a sharp inner corner (11) with the web (7) and where the protective plane has an edge opposite to the web (10), (12) from which at least one cut (13) extends in the direction of the web (7) ) so that at least one protection tab narrower than the long side (8) of the strip is formed on the protection plane (10), (14) and - fasteners (15) for attaching the protection to the track structure to be protected. OF < 2. Suction arrangement of claim, characterized in that the fasteners are = at least one magnet (15). 0 N = 20 3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the a LO protective plane (10) has several cuts (13) and protective tabs (14). O O N O OF 4. An arrangement according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the opposite edge (8) of the web (7) to the protective surface (10) has a flange, (16) which extends from the web (7) in the direction of the protective plane (12) and has a fold, (17) which is shaped to go around the edge of the lower flange of the tongue (2). 5. The arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the magnet (15) or magnets are attached to the web (7) in order to attach the protection to the web of the tongue (3) of the track structure. 6. An arrangement according to one of the above claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the edge (8) of the web (7) opposite the protective plane (10) has a flange (16) that extends from the web (7) in the direction opposite to the protective plane (10) and with a fold (17) which is directed in the same direction as the short sides (9) of the web (7) at the outer edge of the flange (16). 7. The arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the magnet (15) or magnets are attached to the fold (17) of the protection flange. 8. An arrangement according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the arrangement comprises at least one protection with a wedge-shaped flat plate (20) so that one end (21) of the flat plate (20) is narrower than its opposite end (22) and the flat plate ( 20) at least one side has a stiffener (23) running along the length of the shield. 9. The arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that the cover comprising the wedge-shaped N flat plate (20) has at least one handle (25) for handling the cover N 25. N I 10. The arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the arrangement Ao - comprises at least two differently dimensioned shields with a wedge-shaped LO 5 flat plate (20). O N 30 N 11. An arrangement according to claim 1, which comprises at least one protection according to claim 4, at least one protection according to claim 6 and at least one protection according to claim 8. 12. A method for garlanding a rail traffic gear, characterized in that - at least one first protection according to claim 1 and at least one third protection according to claim 8 are placed over the critical areas of the gear before garlanding, - garlanding is carried out in the usual way by driving over the gear to be garlanded. - the guards are removed, and - it is checked that the gear remains in working order 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that it is placed over the critical areas of the gear comprises at least one protection according to claim 4 and/or at least one protection according to claim 6 and at least one protection according to claim 8. N N O N LO N I Ao a LO O O N O N