FI129151B - Adjustment mechanism for adjusting elements on an axel, and axle assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an adjusting mechanism for adjusting elements (202) on a shaft (201) in the axial direction and to a shaft assembly including a adjusting mechanism. The adjusting mechanism for adjusting the elements (202) on the shaft (201) includes a shaft (201) rotatably mounted on the bearing (203). The shaft (201) is provided with elements (202) and an adjusting sleeve (204) extending through the bearing (203). The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting member (206) by means of which the adjusting sleeve (204) is movable relative to the shaft (201) so that the force exerted by the adjusting member (206) on the adjusting sleeve (204) is transmitted to the elements (202).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a control mechanism = for adjusting elements on a shaft in the axial direction and to a shaft assembly comprising a control mechanism. - BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Elements on a rotating shaft are present, for example, in a screen separating material, on its screen table, i.e. on a screening plane. The screen table contains successive shafts, the shafts of which have screening elements such as discs or stars. The screening elements of the shafts in succession on the screen table are superimposed, leaving screening openings between them. Pieces larger than the screening openings remain on top of the screen table and rotating screening elements carry the pieces, for example to a conveyor after the screen table. Pieces smaller than the screening openings fall from the screening openings under the screening table, for example into a funnel or conveyor. The shafts are rotatably attached to the frame at both ends. The axis has elements at certain intervals with respect to each other. There are similar shaft arrangements — also in devices other than the said screen.

N N EP1093861 discloses a shaft with elements and S-sleeve parts between the elements and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the elements on the shaft. S The adjusting mechanism has a screw against the pressure plate and an x 30 clamping ring next to the pressure sleeve that weighs the shaft elements. $ US1621695 discloses a solution in which the shaft has elements which are pressed together 3 on one side by means of a spring and on the opposite side by means of N adjusting means. The adjusting means is threads and a nut, which are used to adjust the clearance of the elements.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide an adjustment mechanism which makes it possible to adjust the elements on a rotatable shaft relative to each other without disassembling the elements from the shaft. An adjustment mechanism for adjusting elements on a shaft according to one aspect of the invention includes a shaft rotatably mounted on a bearing. The shaft is provided with elements and a sleeve which extends through the bearing, - over the end of the shaft. The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting member that allows the sleeve to be moved relative to the shaft so that the force exerted by the adjusting member on the sleeve is transmitted to the elements. The shaft assembly according to another aspect of the invention includes - at least one adjusting mechanism arranged at one end of the shaft assembly for adjusting the elements on the shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS - The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows an axis and elements on an axis according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 shows a control mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention.

N N Figure 3 shows a control mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Figure 1 shows an axis and elements on an axis according to an embodiment of the invention. In Figure 1, the shaft 101 has elements 102 which

The LO O is rotated by the shaft 101. The elements 102 of Figure 1 are disc-shaped and N include an integral disc portion and a sleeve portion. The elements 102 are positioned - on the shaft side by side so that the axial sleeve portion adjacent the protruding disc portion abuts the corresponding axial sleeve portion of the adjacent element. Correspondingly, the disc part of the element is against the corresponding disc part of the adjacent element. The seam of the adjacent elements 102 is formed in the middle of the sleeve part and in the middle of the disc part. The shaft assembly of Figure 1 has the same type of elements 102. Alternatively, the shaft 101 may have a number of different elements, for example the shaft of a screening screen for material may have screening elements and separate sleeves therebetween which define the distance between the screening elements. By means of separate screening elements and sleeves, a structure corresponding to the structure of Figure 1 can be obtained. In this case, the joint or interface of the parts is - between separate screening elements and sleeves. The shaft can be rotatably attached to the frame at both ends. The body may be the body of a device or component that forms a static component. The frame does not intentionally move. Other parts can be attached to the frame, for example - the shaft. The shaft transmits rotational movement and possibly torque and / or bending torque. The shaft may be deformed and / or loaded. In addition, the shaft may be sensitive to vibrations. Vibration sensitivity occurs especially at = large shaft lengths. Shaft load, torque and / or bending torque may vary during operation. Elements connected to the shaft - cause a load force on the shaft, e.g. through strength and weight. The elements can cause radial force, axial force, torque and / or bending torque on the shaft. During operation, the load point or stress point of the shaft may vary. For example, the material to be processed and passed through the screen can subject the screen table and its parts to varying loads. Performance on the shaft - the dimensioning of the individual elements on the shaft, the position on the shaft, the mutual clearance and / or the retention of N in place. During operation, the clearance of the elements N may change. This may be due to mechanical stress, movement, S forces during operation, resonance of parts such as elements, shaft or body 2, materials, dimensions, shape and / or x 30 dimensional deviations.

O> The axis transmits torque to the elements on the axis. The elements can be 3 for example - angular discs or stars on a sieve table. Rotating N shaft elements can be utilized in many different devices and machines. - The elements can be round, angular, branched, symmetrical, asymmetrical or other shaped elements. The elements can be fixed,

shape-retaining, deformable or flexible. The elements may comprise more than one material, for example their outer part or the outer surface may contain parts or consist of a material different from the material surrounding the axis of the element. The element may include bristles. An axis can have different elements or sets of elements. The elements and their layout can be selected according to the intended use. Mechanical rotation can cause the elements to resonate or move relative to each other. In this case, the clearance of the elements may change. This can affect the rotation of the shaft. For example, on a screen table, a change in the clearance of the elements may change the screening aperture and / or affect the rotation of the shaft relative to its adjacent shaft. The clearance of the elements on the shaft is adjustable. The aim is to keep the elements in their original positions as much as possible, for example without backing in relation to each other. The elements may be mounted on the shaft - there may be one or more spacers in or between each other, such as a sleeve against which the elements are fixed in place on the shaft. The known way of adjusting the clearance of the elements requires the removal of the shaft assembly and / or the shaft mounting. For example, the shaft can be attached to the frame with a bearing, in which case the bearing must be removed for the clearance adjustment and after the adjustment the shaft must be reattached to the frame. Usually, additional parts, such as adjustment plates or elements, are also required for this. The adjustment mechanism according to embodiments of the invention makes it possible to adjust the elements on the shaft, for example without backlash, without removing the shaft, its attachment or the elements from the shaft.

Figure 2 shows a control mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention. The N shaft 201 has elements 202. The elements may all be the same or N similar, or the shaft may have two or more different elements. S There may be a spacer between the elements against which they abut, or the elements 2 may be adjacent to each other. The elements 202 are mounted on the shaft 201 x 30 - without backlash. In Figure 2, the shaft is secured to the body 200 by a bearing 203. $ In Figure 2, an adjusting sleeve 204 is mounted between the shaft 201 and the bearing 203. 3 The bushings between the shaft elements determine the distance of the elements from the N shaft. The adjusting sleeve 204, which is part of the adjusting mechanism, extends through the bearing. - The adjusting sleeve 204 is a cylindrical part around the shaft 201. The inner surface of the adjusting sleeve 204 may abut the surface of the shaft 201. The shaft 201 may have portions in addition to or between the elements 202 and the sleeves, such as the plate shown in Figure 2

207. In Figure 2, the adjusting sleeve 204 is positioned against the plate on the shaft 201

207. When the screw 206 at the end of the shaft 201 is tightened, the adjusting sleeve 204 on the shaft 201 slides parallel to the shaft 201, against the surface of the shaft 201. 5 The adjusting sleeve 204 presses against the plate 207 and the plate 207 transmits the tightening force axially to its adjacent parts on the shaft 201. The axial force of the adjusting sleeve 204 causes a corresponding force on the plate 207. The plate 207 is placed on the shaft 201 against the outermost element 202 of the shaft. In Fig. 2, the outermost element 202 comprises a unitary sleeve part.

- Alternatively, the outermost element of the shaft 201 may be a separate sleeve part. Thus, the force applied to the plate 207 is transmitted through the outermost element 202 to the axially opposing elements 201 in the axial direction.

The plate 207 or the like may be a separate part to be placed on the shaft 201, and its size and shape may vary. The other surface of the plate 207 is, either directly or via a part, against the outermost element 202 on the shaft 201, and the opposite surface of the plate 207 is, either directly or via a part, against the adjusting sleeve 204. The plate 207 transmits the tightening force axially - the adjusting sleeve 204 and the element 202 between.

The plate 207 shown in Figure 2 is not necessary. The plate 207 can be used to smooth the edge structure of the screen table in the case of overlapping elements 202 of successive shafts 201. The plate 207 or similar part can - seal the edge of the screen table and prevent material flow from leaking from the screen table.

N If the alternative plate 207 is omitted, the adjusting sleeve 204 is placed against the outermost element 202 of the N-axis 201.

S 3 The adjusting sleeve 204 extends from the outermost end edge of the outermost element 202 of the shaft 201, such as the sleeve I 30 or the sleeve portion, over the end of the shaft 201 or over the end plane of the shaft 201 N. Against the outer end edge of the adjusting sleeve 204 there may be a plate 205.> The plate 205 may be a planar part with an outer surface and the opposite, 3 ns. mating surface. The abutment surface of the plate 205 is placed against the guide sleeve 204. In Figure 2, the abutment surface of the plate 205 is arranged against the outer - end edge of the adjusting sleeve 204. The surface diameter of the plate 205 may be greater than or equal to the diameter of the outer surface of the adjusting sleeve 204. Alternatively, the abutment surface of the plate 205 may include, for example, an indented portion inserted within the adjusting sleeve 204. There may be an opening in the center of the plate 205. In Fig. 2, the opening of the plate 205 is placed against the opening on the axis of rotation of the shaft 201. At the end of the shaft 201, in the middle of the end surface of the shaft, there is an opening extending in the direction of the axis of rotation of the shaft. The opening 20 of the plate 205 and the opening of the shaft 201 are penetrated by a screw 206, which can be called an adjusting screw. The base of the screw 206 abuts the outer surface of the plate 205. The opening in the shaft 201 may have threads that abut the threads of the rod portion of the screw 206.

The shaft 201, the adjusting sleeve 204, the plate 205 and the screw 206 of Fig. 2 make it possible to adjust the position of the elements 202 on the shaft by means of axial movement. When the screw 206 at the end of the shaft 201 is tightened, the adjusting sleeve 204 on the shaft 201 slides parallel to the shaft 201, against the surface of the shaft 201, in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 201. The adjusting sleeve 204 compresses the shaft elements 202 together, against each other. By tightening the screw 206, a force is applied by which the adjusting sleeve 204 presses the elements 202 against each other. Conversely, loosening the screw 206 increases the clearance of parts on the shaft 201, such as the elements 202 and the sleeves. This allows the clearance of the elements on the shaft to be adjusted without removing the shaft.

By means of the adjustment mechanism, the elements of the shaft can be compressed into a bundle, closer to each other and / or the clearance between the elements can be reduced to less, or without clearance. The need for adjustment is affected, for example, by manufacturing tolerances. For example, the manufacturing accuracy of a machine body and the manufacturing accuracy of components to be mounted or set on it, such as modules or N shaft assemblies, can cause N compatibility problems. The adjustment mechanism can be used to adjust the parts S to match. In addition, the clearance of the elements is adjustable to suit the S application. As mentioned, the clearance may change during operation E 30. The adjustment mechanism makes in-service adjustment quick and N easy. This shortens maintenance times and correspondingly increases operating time.

20 In Figure 2, the shaft 201 is fixed to the frame 200 by means of a bearing 203. The shaft N 201 can be attached to a bushing or a flange bearing, for example. The bearing 203 may be - attached to the body 200 or to the edge, edge, end, beam, plate, or the like of the screen. The clearance of the elements 202 on the shaft 201 can be adjusted by means of an adjusting member 206. Tightening or adjusting the adjusting member 206 causes an axial force on the adjusting sleeve 204. The adjusting member may be a screw, as in Figure 2. The shaft hole in which the adjusting member is inserted may have threads against the screw threads. Alternatively, the adjusting member may be a bolt which is adjusted by means of a nut. The adjusting member may be an integral part of the shaft or it may be fixedly mounted on the shaft. The adjusting member may be a pin-like portion projecting from the end of the shaft. Tightening or adjusting can be done by means of a part at the end of the fixed part, such as a nut.

The adjustment clearance or adjustment margin may depend on the dimensions of the parts. The adjustment allowance can be influenced by the depth of the hole / opening at the end of the shaft, the ratio of the depth of the opening to the length of the adjusting member and / or the length of the opposite threads therein. The adjustment allowance may run out when the tightening allowance runs out. - The adjustment margin is affected by the size of the parts in relation to each other, e.g. thread length. The adjustment margin can be affected by the dimensioning and arrangement of the adjusting sleeve and the shaft, for example how far the sleeve advances from the end of the shaft. The adjustment space may run out when the adjusting sleeve comes into contact with the shaft end when tightened and / or when the abutment surface of the plate (205) hits the shaft end.

The adjusting sleeve of the adjusting mechanism is arranged to slide against the surface of the shaft. The inner diameter of the adjusting sleeve may be larger than the outer diameter of the shaft. The difference in diameters can be, for example, 5-30 mm, or 10-20 mm. The size and shape of the abutment surfaces of the shaft and the adjusting sleeve may correspond to each other. The shaft and the adjusting sleeve are shaped so as to move the adjusting sleeve against the surface of the N shafts, and thus to adjust by the adjusting mechanism N of the embodiments; it is possible. The design and / or dimensioning of the shaft and the adjusting sleeve S in the axial direction can affect the adjustment allowance. 3 z 30 - The adjusting sleeve can be a cylindrical part open at both ends. N In this case, there may be a plate between the adjusting sleeve and the adjusting member, by means of which the adjustment of the adjusting member S is transmitted to the adjusting sleeve. The outer end of the adjusting sleeve may be 3 closed surfaces with an opening for the adjusting member. The plate can be an integral part of the N adjusting sleeve. In this case, a separate tile may not be required. The plate may be a partial control element, in which case it may be a detachable or fixed part of the control element, for example a pin-like part.

Figure 3 shows a control mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention. In Fig. 3, the shaft 301 has elements. The elements in Fig. 3 are screening elements, discs 302. The screen table has successive shafts 301 according to Fig. 3, so that the discs 302 of successive shafts overlap in the longitudinal direction of the screen table. The gap between the discs 302 affects the size of the screening opening and thus the piece size of the material to be screened. The size of the screening opening or the size of the pieces to be screened can be influenced by the dimensioning of the axial spacing elements 302 of the successive shafts 301 of the screening table, as well as - possible additional elements, such as bushings, which may be between the elements 302. The forces on the screen and its parts vary during use and depending on the material being treated. The manufacturing accuracy of the frame, elements, shaft assembly and / or screen modules - can be problematic during assembly or commissioning. For example, the manufacturing accuracy of the screening elements and their sizing can cause operational and / or assembly problems. Thus, in the case of a sieve, there is a need for adjustment in several stages. Figure 3 shows a shaft 301 mounted at both ends. The other end of the shaft 301 may be a so-called drive end from which the shafts are operated. Shafts - can be rotated by motors from the drive end. The shafts can be operated, for example, by means of electric or hydraulic motors. The power of the motors can be transmitted to one or more shafts directly or, for example, by means of chain, belt or gear transmission. The opposite end of the shaft 301 may be a so-called service head. The service head may have embodiments according to embodiments - an adjustment mechanism 330.

N N The adjustment mechanism according to the embodiments may be at at least one end of the S axis. The adjustment mechanism according to the embodiments may be arranged at both ends of the S axis. I 30 N Axial direction and axial direction refer to the longitudinal direction of the axis. 20 The adjustment mechanism of the invention - according to embodiments - makes it possible to adjust the clearance of the elements per N axes. For example, in a screen, several - adjacent shafts are attached to the frame. The frame can be long, for example 5 meters or more. The long body may not be exactly the same width along its entire length. In addition, the use can vary variably at different points on the screen, on different shafts. Thus, the need for adjustment of the shaft elements varies. Removing the entire shaft and / or its mounting is laborious and time consuming. This causes service breaks for the device. By means of the control mechanism according to embodiments of the invention, the clearance of the elements can be adjusted easily, quickly and safely. Embodiments of the invention have been described above. The embodiments are not intended to be limiting, but are possible embodiments and examples of the invention. Embodiments and described parts or features may be interchanged, substituted, omitted, used separately, or combined in different implementations.

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Claims (15)

Claims: An adjusting mechanism for adjusting elements (202) on a shaft (201), wherein - the shaft (201) is rotatably mounted on a bearing (203), - elements (202) are arranged on the shaft (201), - an adjusting sleeve (204) is arranged on the shaft (201) ), - an adjusting member (206) by means of which the adjusting sleeve (204) can be moved relative to the shaft (201) so that the force exerted by the adjusting member (206) on the adjusting sleeve (204) is transmitted to the elements (202) at the end of the shaft (201) that the adjusting sleeve (204) extends through the bearing (203). The adjusting mechanism of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the outer surface of the adjusting sleeve (204) is disposed against at least a portion of the inner surface of the bearing (203). An adjustment mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the shaft (201) is provided with one or different elements (202). An adjustment mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the shaft (201) is provided with elements (202) without backlash. An adjustment mechanism according to any preceding claim, wherein the elements (202) include at least one of a screening element, an N-sleeve, an intermediate element, a disc element and a brush element. N S An adjusting mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the shape and / or size of the inner surface of the adjusting sleeve (204) substantially corresponds to the shape and / or size of the outer surface of the shaft x 30 (201). $ An adjusting mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the adjusting sleeve (204) is arranged to slide axially with respect to the shaft N (201) N, optionally against the outer surface of the shaft (201). An adjusting mechanism according to any preceding claim, wherein the adjusting sleeve (204) is arranged against the outermost element (202) of the shaft (201) or the adjusting sleeve (204) is arranged against the part (207) against the outermost element of the shaft (201). An adjusting mechanism according to any preceding claim, wherein between the adjusting sleeve (204) and the adjusting member (206) is a plate (205) which is optionally a separate plate (205) a fixed part of the adjusting sleeve (204) or a detachable or fixed part of the adjusting member (206). An adjusting mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the axis of rotation of the shaft (201) is provided with threads extending axially from the end of the shaft (201) to receive the adjusting member (206). An adjusting mechanism according to any preceding claim, wherein the adjusting member (206) is adjustably attached to the threads on the axis of rotation of the shaft (201) such that the adjusting member (206) passes through a plate (205) between the adjusting sleeve (204) and the adjusting member (206). An adjusting mechanism according to any preceding claim, wherein the adjusting member (206) includes threads for adjusting the adjusting member (206). An adjusting mechanism according to any preceding claim, wherein the adjusting member (206) includes a screw or nut. N A control mechanism according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the N adjustment space is provided by at least one of the following: , By dimensioning the axial> depth of the threads on the axis of rotation of the N - axis (201), by dimensioning the pin part of the 3 - adjusting member (206), by dimensioning the threads of the N - adjusting member (206), and - by the clearance of the adjusting sleeve (204) with respect to the shaft (201). A shaft assembly having at least one end a control mechanism (330) according to any one of claims 1 to 14. OF O OF K <Q o O I = O + O LO o O OF