FI129090B

FI129090B - Method for water purification

Info

Publication number: FI129090B
Application number: FI20196115A
Authority: FI
Inventors: Viacheslav Avishev
Original assignee: Prima Carbo Solutions Oy
Priority date: 2019-12-20
Filing date: 2019-12-20
Publication date: 2021-06-30
Also published as: FI20196115A1

Abstract

The method of drinking water or industrial or domestic wastewater treatment is based on simultaneous directed impact of permanent magnets (11) and electromagnets (3) with additional electrolysis on mineral shungite (9) to activate its electromagnetic and conductive properties, sorption and catalytic activity. Permanent magnets are fixed on a flowing water tank (1) filled with shungite crushed to a fraction 0.1–5 mm with carbon content of 25–35%. Electromagnets coaxially embrace the flowing water tank and are connected to a multi-channel control unit (7) that provides a constant or pulsed voltage to the passing water flow. Electrolysis is carried out by three electrodes (5, 6) located inside the flowing water tank and connected to the electrolysis and electromagnetic field excitation control unit. Mineral shungite is regenerated by a simultaneous passage of water at a temperature of 70–100 degrees Celsius and by inducing an electromagnetic field of reverse polarity.

Description

Method for water purification The invention refers to applied electrochemistry and water purification methods and can be used for domestic, industrial wastewater treatment, seawater desalination. Widely used in various countries such methods of liquids purification as mechanical, thermal, reverse osmosis, chemical and electromagnetic. There is an invention of magnetic water activators field "Magnetic filter and magnetic filtration unit", in which a reusable magnetic device is used to extract metal particles from the liguid. The device contains a variety of magnets and soft non-ferrous metals, gaskets placed in an alternating seguence that are stacked, the magnets are arranged with the same poles facing non-magnetic and non- ferrous tip. (W02008101352, 2007). It is also known magnetic device for lime liquids treatment to scale depositions inhibition in water supply systems, appliances, boilers. The device has an elongated body with inlet and outlet openings for liguid passage through it. The supporting structure is located inside the housing to accommodate a plurality of longitudinally spaced magnets. The magnets are immersed in the liguid and held by a plurality of transverse elements, ensuring the position of the magnets at an angle, forming a spiral. (US4422934, 1984). In these inventions, only magnetic fields are applied to the treated liquid, which leads to less efficient water treatment. A method for producing activated water is known, consisting in it's electrolysis S between two electrodes, separated by a porous diaphragm, with direct voltage S between them, a negative and positive potentials of which are connected N respectively to the cathode and anode electrodes, and the electrodes are made of - shungite. As a result, activated shungite water is obtained, stimulating and

N - normalizing processes in biological objects. (RU 2515243, 2014). a a LO However, this method is appeal only for drinking water activation, and for = wastewater treatment is not suitable. o Q There are also known technologies of sea water desalination, based on the principles of reverse osmosis or electrodialysis, allowing to obtain water with composition meets the technical requirements.

A method for obtaining drinking water by cold desalination of highly mineralized aqueous solutions and a device for its implementation is known, consisting in multiple fractional ozonation of the source water with small portions of ozone or an ozone-containing mixture in pulsed electromagnetic fields with nanosecond fronts. (RU 2284966, 2006). The disadvantage of this method is the electromagnetic impact producing by imposition of direct and alternating currents with very high field strength up to 2.5— 3 kW/cm is carried out, which leads to water treatment time and accordingly energy consumption increase.

A method of water treatment, consisting in the simultaneous water treatment by electric and magnetic fields, while the vectors of their tensions coincide, is adopted for the prototype.

To reach electric and magnetic field vectors same directions each inductor winding has a cylinder shape and is a flat coil wound on the cylinder sweep surface.

To eliminate the electric field shielding total area is equal to the smaller capacitor lining area. (RU 2543738. 2012). However, the proposed method is energy-intensive without ability of adjusting power depending on the type of treated water.

The claimed invention is appeal for creating an environment-friendly, universal method for drinking water, or industrial or domestic wastewater treating with minimal energy costs.

A technical result of that is water treatment efficiency increase and expansion of technical use field.

S The claimed technical result in this method of drinking water, or industrial or N domestic wastewater treating, including water treatment with electric and / or N magnetic fields, using electromagnets, according to the invention is achieved by n simultaneous directed impact of permanent magnets and electromagnets with I additional electrolysis on the mineral shungite to activate it's electromagnetic and = conductive properties, sorption and catalytic activity in chemical reactions = enhancement, and in this case permanent magnets are fixed parallel to each other 3 on a flow tank filled with shungite crushed to a fraction 0.1-5 mm with carbon > content of 25-35%, electromagnets coaxially embrace the flow capacity and are connected to a multi-channel control unit that provides a constant or pulsed voltage to the passing water flow, electrolysis is carried out by three electrodes located inside the flow capacitance and connected to the electrolysis and electromagnetic field excitation control unit by internal contacts.

For mineral repeated use shungite is regenerated by simultaneous passing water at a temperature of 70-100 Celsius degrees and inducing reverse polarity electromagnetic field.

In the proposed method of treating drinking water, or industrial or domestic wastewater, including water treatment by electrical and/or magnetic fields using electromagnets, it is possible to control the cleaning process by using an artificial intelligence unit, that could determine the inlet composition of impurities and make adjustments in the automatic mode of the parameters of the generator's output signals and the parameters of the fields’ effect on the passing water flow.

Natural waters are very diverse in chemical composition.

In river water containing 500-600 mg / | of dissolved salts the main impurities are ions of calcium, magnesium, sodium, bicarbonates, sulfates and chlorides.

Low-mineralized river waters contain mainly calcium and magnesium ions.

The salt content in seawater can reach 150 g / | and an average of 35 g / |. In wastewater the composition and amount of impurities varies in a very wide range, including waste oil products.

Shungite has a rich mineral composition, pronounced sorption, bactericidal, catalytic properties, and has been used in drinking water purification and activation systems for a long time.

The main component of shungite is carbon.

Its content in the breed can reach up to 99%. The mineral composition of shungite besides carbon (C60) contains silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, the rest of the mineral composition of shungite contains more than 20 macro and microelements.

A o unigue feature of shungite is that only the most useful mineral components of this O rock enter the water environment at interaction. = Mineral shungite has high mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, chemical N resistance.

Shungites was noted as adsorbent of different organic substances E classes: phenols, fatty high-molecular acids, alcohols, substances of the W carbohydrate complex of wood and peat hydrolysates, water-soluble hydrolysis = resins, humic substances, etc., as well as a number of gases.

After filtering > through shungite water color is reduced, almost completely removed microflora, N and also achieved a coli-index reduction to zero.

To improve the sorption and catalytic properties of water a number of methods are used to modify shungite: washing in boiling water, in alkaline solutions and so on, depending on the treated liquid. The number of silinol and carboxyl centers which determine the efficiency of sorption and catalytic properties of the material increases on the shungite surface due to the processing. The scheme of water treatment is shown in figure 1. 1-a container filled with shungite in a dense packing fraction of 0.5-5mm 2-flanges for water supply 3-wound inductors coaxially embracing capacitance 4-permanent magnet control unit 5-wound electrode inside the tank 6-the Central electrode 7-external inductors multichannel control unit, consisting of a power supply, broadband generators with freguency and power control, amplifiers, capacitive circuits, control Board. 8-control unit of electrolysis and excitation of the electromagnetic field through internal contacts, consisting of a power supply, generator, amplifier, capacitive circuit, control Board. 9-tightly packed shungite 10-mechanical filters 11-permanent magnets Multi-channel white noise generator with the winding on the capacitance as an antenna 1 channel-low sound freguencies (20Hz-20kHz) 2 channel-ultrasonic frequencies (20kHz-100kHz) 3 channel-high freguency (100kHz-1 MHz) 4 channel-ultrahigh frequency (1MHz-1 GHz)

QA & N The method is as follows: N The cylindrical shape flow container made of polyethylene and propylene with inlet E and outlet holes for water is filled with crushed shungite. The water to be treated is W supplied through the flanges of the specified container inlet. 3 There are annular magnetic circuits on the flow container surface arranged coaxially with coaxially wound inductors connected to rectified pulse voltage. Multichannel external inductor control unit consists of a power supply, broadband generators with frequency and power control, amplifiers, capacitive chains, control

Board.

On the body at the water supply inlet there are permanent magnets in parallel to each other connected to the control unit.

Inside the shungite filled capacity there are three wound electrodes connected by internal contacts to electrolysis and electromagnetic field excitation control unit, consisting of a power supply, a generator, an amplifier, a capacitive chain, a control Board.

For water treatment according to the claimed method shungite is taken with a carbon content of 25-35%, total porosity of 0.5-10%, a surface area in the range of 10-60 m2/g, a bulk density of about 1.3 g / cm3, an electrical conductivity of 1— 3 ohms/cm.

Shungite is crushed to a fraction size of 0.1-5 mm. and fill the flow container.

Shungite crystals with electromagnetic and electrically conductive properties are used in the claimed method as an electromagnet.

Electrodes dense arrangement of to the shungite provides the possibility of electromagnetic field excitation.

According to the claimed method electric current through the electrodes impacts on shungite crystals and forms in shungite layer a lot of intensively closing and opening electric microchains.

This induced polarization is amplified many times in the electromagnetic field due to the dense contact of passing water flow with shungite crystals.

In turn the water flowing through the shungite layer is also exposed to the electromagnetic field and activated.

In this case the total electromagnetic effect is carried out by the imposition of direct and alternating currents with adjustable electromagnetic field strength.

Control unit of electrolysis and electromagnetic field O oui . . . S excitation supplies both a constant and a pulse component of given polarity.

N In the water mass after magnetic field is applied crystallization centers are formed N and insoluble hardness salts release, migrating fine slurry appears and I subsequently easily removed. a Lo Treating water by magnetic fields manifests its ability to accelerate coagulation, o i.e. foreign inclusions fusion and deposition as thin suspensions and turbidity in the D water.

Physically the phenomenon of coagulation is explained as water impurities N are microscopic capacitors with different dielectric permittivity compare to water.

They are polarized at magnetic field impact.

When polarized inclusions interact with causing this polarization magnetic fields displacement force arises contaminants out the water. Ferromagnetic substances are removing by constant magnetic field, diamagnetic substances — by inhomogeneous magnetic field promoting non-magnetic particles transformation into magnetic aggregates. At the same time suspended matter, color, turbidity were removed at 95-98%, and viruses and bacteria -at 99—100%. Simultaneous electrolysis impact and inducing several electromagnetic field types by external sources with possibility of setting specified freguencies and power produces a deep cleaning of wide range impurities. If chemical water treatment is necessary mixture of shungite and zeolite crushed to a fraction of 0.1-5 mm and made in a ratio of 1:1 can be used. After electromagnetic treatment water enters a mechanical filter located at the outlet of the cylindrical container for final purification from impurities. Thus during water treatment part of impurities is deposited on the shungite surface and the other part forming granules is deposited in a mechanical filter located at the outlet of the flow container. Shungite purification is carried out by simultaneously passing water with a temperature of 70-100 degrees Celsius through the flow tank and inducing an electromagnetic field of reverse polarity with impurities deposition on the filter. These methods make possible shungite regeneration for repeated use. Using the mineral shungite as an electromagnetic field amplifier contributes a more effective magnetic field impact on calcium carbonates and sulfates, magnesium hydroxides and calcium silicates in water solution treated be treated. Constant component of the electric current causes agueous composition N electrolysis with release and deposition wide range of impurities. For more efficient N electrolysis the constant component can be supplied in pulse mode.

T Ferromagnetic or paramagnetic inclusions are retained in a constant magnetic N field and settle on shungite crystals.

I a - Magnetic field intensity vector causes water ability to accelerate coagulation.

LO o In the course of water treatment experiments it was found that:

O N * The reguired power of control units dependingly on the pollution characteristics is -150—-400W/1 m3 water.

* Control units generators allows to give out electromagnetic field frequencies from units Hz to MHz, also installation of white noise generators with wide range of frequencies is possible. * The stable cavitation stage with bubbles appear occurs when ultrasonic vibrations are excited with frequency lies above the frequency of the cavitation threshold in the range from 20 kHz to 100 kHz, and the intensity of the said ultrasound lies in the region of stable cavitation from 1.5 W/cm2 to 2.5 W/cm2. * The resonance frequency of molecular coupling for source water (sea water) with salt content of 0.3-5 g / | is 3.5-8.5 kHz, at concentrations from 5 to 35 g / I-from to 38 kHz. * Selecting the ratio of electrostatic field in combination with regulated electromagnetic and microwave field the total energy consumption could be an order smaller than if using ultrasound only. This causes reasonability of using multi-channel white noise generator with frequencies up to 1 GHz. The proposed invention due to simultaneous impact of permanent magnets and electromagnets and / or electrolysis, as well as the possibility of chemical water treatment allows to increase the efficiency of its purification from a wide range of impurities, which ensures the universality of the claimed method. And shungite activation to enhance its electromagnetic and conductive properties and increase its sorption and catalytic activity in chemical reactions due to large contact area of crushed shungite and passing water, can significantly reduce the cost of electricity. In comparison with the known methods of water treatment, the claimed method o has a number of advantages: O 1. The possibility of purifying water from a wide range of domestic and A industrial pollutions, including petroleum products, as well as seawater NV desalination.

N 2. Possibility of effective water purification in one treatment cycle.

E 3. Possibility of shungite multiple use.

Lo 4. Ease of method implementation at minimal cost.

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Claims

Patent Claims

1. A method for treating drinking water or industrial or domestic wastewater, including water treatment with electric and / or magnetic fields, using electromagnets (3), characterized in that the flowing water flow is affected simultaneously by permanent magnets (11) and electromagnets (3) with additional electrolysis, by their directed impact on the mineral shungite (9) to activate its electromagnetic and conductive properties for increasing sorption and catalytic activity in chemical reactions, wherein the permanent magnets (11) are fixed parallel to each other on the flow tank (1), filled with crushed to a fraction of 0.1-5 mm shungite (9), with a carbon content of 25-35%, electromagnets (3) coaxially embrace the flow capacity and are connected to a multi-channel control unit (7) , which provides a constant or pulsed voltage to the passing water flow, and electrolysis is carried out by three electrodes (5, 6) wound inside the flow capacity, one of which is central, connected to the control unit of electrolysis and excitation of the electromagnetic field through internal contacts, for repeated use the mineral shungite is regenerating by simultaneously passing water at a temperature of 70— 100 degrees Celsius and inducing an electromagnetic field of reverse polarity.

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