FI12893Y1 - System and heat exchanger for heating subareas of apartments in buildings, such as a bathroom of an apartment - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat exchanger (10) adapted for use between a hot water circuit and a local fluid circuit to transfer heating energy from a domestic water circuit to a local fluid circuit (15, 15.1, 15.2, 22), the heat exchanger (10) comprising a coaxial tubular structure having at least one elongate end and an inner tube (11c) arranged longitudinally therein, in which one liquid circulation circuit is arranged in the inner tube (11c) and the other to flow in the jacket space of the jacket tube (15), characterized in that the heat exchanger is arranged for 0.5 to 10 l / min l / min for local circulation flow, producing fluid from 55 - 60 ° C hot water to 25 - 40 ° C for local circulation. In addition, protection requirements 2-10.

Description

SYSTEM AND HEAT EXCHANGER FOR APARTMENT COMPONENTS SUCH AS

The present invention relates to a system and heat exchanger for heating sub-rooms of apartments, such as a bathroom in an apartment, in a property with a hot-water circulating circuit for supplying hot water to the domestic consumption points at Background Art It is not possible to connect a separate heating device to the domestic hot water circuit where the DHW temperature drops below 55 ° C. Therefore, underfloor heating, for example, cannot be connected to the domestic hot water circuit in the traditional way. Due to various difficulties, underfloor heating in sub-spaces such as bathrooms has been implemented with electricity despite demands to improve energy efficiency and reduce primary energy consumption. The prior art in which a heating device is directly connected to the domestic hot water circuit using duplex single pipes, i.e. coaxial pipes, is disclosed in WO 2004/070279 A2. The hot water is heated up to the tap.

DE 202 18 316 U1 circulates water from the domestic hot water circuit to a heating device, which is separated from the domestic hot water circuit by valves which can be used to control the flow of hot and cold water to the radiator.

WO 02/12125 A2 discloses a water purification device with feedback to a heat exchanger in which incoming cold water is preheated with hot water leaving the water heater.

S Patent publication DE 10 2015 004999 A1 discloses a supply to distributed heat exchanger N stations for heating drinking water in apartment blocks.

2 25 = = Summary 8 The object of the present invention is to provide a simple and safe system N for correcting the shortcomings of the prior art. The invention is characterized by what is stated in claims 1 and 5.

A method for heating sub-spaces of apartments, such as a bathroom in an apartment, in a property having a hot water circuit for supplying hot water to the consumption points of the apartments at a specified temperature and heating each sub-space with hot water heating energy. According to the invention, a separate local liquid circuit is recirculated in the sub-space, to which the heating energy is transferred from the hot water circuit to the local circuit by a heat exchanger located in connection with the sub-space.

The heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized in that it is arranged between the domestic water circulation circuit and the local liquid circulation circuit in order to transfer heating energy from the domestic hot water circuit to the local liquid circulation circuit. In particular, according to the invention, the heat exchanger comprises a coaxial tubular structure having at least one elongate end-closed jacket tube and an inner tube longitudinally inserted therein, one fluid circuit being arranged in the inner tube and the other flowing in the jacket tube jacket l / min for hot water flow and 0.5 - 5 L / min for local circulation flow, producing a liquid temperature of 25 - 40 ° C from hot water from 55 - 60 ° C to local circulation. The heat exchanger according to the invention operates at an exceptionally high degree, i.e. 20 to 35 ° C. A countercurrent connection is usually used, but here it is not critical because the hot water temperature drop is small (1 - 3 * C).

— According to the invention, by using a secondary network and a low-power correctly dimensioned heat exchanger, the power control of the room heating can be done safely by controlling the flow on the secondary side and the maximum power is limited by the dimensioning of the heat exchanger. The DHW circulation is always the same and when the heating capacity of the room is reduced, the return water temperature of the circulation line rises.

NN 25 - A typical application includes a hot water circuit for supplying hot water to the consumption points at a specified temperature and means (22) for heating the sub-space with hot water, the system further comprising a local closed fluid circuit with pumps and a heat exchanger operating in each sub-space. between the local liquid circulation circuit for transferring heating energy to the local liquid circulation circuit, and heat transfer means 5 arranged in the sub-space for transferring heat energy to the sub-space from the local liquid circulation circuit. The preferred sub-room heat exchanger is an underfloor heating circuit due to the low handover temperature required. Other advantages and embodiments of the invention will be explained below in connection with application examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show a system according to the invention and its details. Figure 1 shows the domestic or domestic hot water system Figure 2 shows a variant of Figure 1 Figure 3 shows a heat exchanger according to the invention with accessories (version 1) Figure 4 shows the first variant of version 3 (version 2) Figure 5 shows the second variant of version 3 (version 3) Figure 6 shows the 3 third variations (version 4) Pictured? reference numeral 18 denotes domestic hot water heaters for a property connected to a district heating network. The heat exchanger with its control devices is otherwise conventional, but the domestic hot water circuit is designed for higher heat transfer. This means either a higher flow or a larger temperature difference in the circuit. According to the current design practice (current guideline K1 / 2013), the temperature difference in the domestic hot water circuit is 3 ° C (58 - 55 ° C). According to the invention, either a temperature difference of e.g. 5 ° C (60-55 C) or a correspondingly higher flow (especially in detached houses) is used in the hot water circuit. The invention N makes it possible to connect the heating and drying of the washing rooms to a warm domestic water circuit without the risks of known solutions. In this case, the heat transfer includes = 25 - the heating power required for heating and drying the washrooms (10 - 40 W / m ?, preferably - 15 - 25 W / m2).

E Almost any primary heating system can be used instead of district heating.

S S District heating devices include a heat meter 30 which measures the energy consumption of the heat transfer of the hot> 30 domestic hot water circuit. Hot water consumption (water points) does not interfere with this measurement, as the flow measurement is on the return side of the cycle. Domestic hot water consumption is measured from the cold water supply pipe of the property's domestic hot water exchanger. Figure 1 shows the apartments with conventional water intakes such as a shower, hand basin and toilet seat. It is essential for the invention that the heating and / or drying of the washrooms takes place with a heat exchanger - local heating circuit connected to the domestic hot water circuit. Upon entering the apartment, the hot water pipe has a room shut-off 14 (before the heat exchanger) and the control and shut-off valve for the bypass is after the heat exchanger. The hot water measurement is in the flow direction — after the heat exchanger connection point. The heat exchanger 10 is detailed below (Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6). In the embodiment of Figure 1, the heat transfer of each washing space is a water circulating drying coil. In the variant of Figure 2, the heat transfer of each washroom is water circulating underfloor heating, in which case a thermostatic return water valve (temperature limiter 20) known per se can be used for power control of the underfloor heating. The heat exchanger 10 of Figure 3 has a heat exchanger jacket 15, a pump 19, a 3-way control valve 17 and the necessary connections. Domestic water pipes are connected to the common 11a and 11b via service barriers. The structure of the heat exchanger is particularly simple. The heating circulating water flows at a constant flow inside the approved pipe 11c (pressure class 10 bar). The heated local circuit water circulates in the heat exchanger jacket 15 connected to the common 15.3 and 15.4. In the picture, the heat exchanger works on the countercurrent principle. If lower power is desired, a downstream connection is used. If more efficient heat transfer (smaller size or higher power) is required, the inner = pipe is equipped with an external rib structure.

O N 25 In Fig. 3, the filling connection 21 and the venting connection 23 are marked. The filling pressure, i.e. the static pressure of the secondary circuit (dimensioning-> value 0.5 bar at 20 C), can be measured from the filling connection of the secondary circuit. The expansion and safety devices 24 and 26 of the secondary circuit are connected to the filling E pipe. The operating pressure of the domestic water network is typically in the range of 3 to 5 bar, but the structural pressure used in Finland is 10 bar. In general, the heat exchanger is adapted to a domestic hot water flow of 0.5 to 101 / min and a local circulation flow of 0.1 to 5 l / min S 30, producing a liquid of 55 to 40 ° C from the domestic hot water at a temperature of 25 to 40 ° C for local circulation.

At the ends of the heat exchanger 10 between the jacket 15 and the inner tube 11c there is a short sleeve 15.6 placing the central tube 11c coaxially. In one variation, the cylindrical shell differs suitably in shape from the tubular and symmetrical shape, it automatically provides elasticity. 5 —The cylinder should be slightly flattened in cross section to an oval shape rather than curving the entire tube. If it happens industrially, the structure would become flexibly flexible. Then goes to the side of Structural Engineering to ensure the elasticity of the structure in long-term use. The safety valve can be used to ensure extreme emergencies. The low flexibility required in the secondary circuit is provided by deformations of the sheath structure. An elastic member 15.1 and 15.2 can be used in the end joints. The end and sheath are adaptable to sufficient deformation. The required deformation is minor. If desired, a known expansion member can be used. The power of the local circuit circulating water pump is low. With the design values of the heating circuit 0.03 I / s and 10 kPa, the power demand of the pump is, for example, 7 W. Generally, the power transfer of the heat exchanger 10 and thus heat transfer is arranged in the range 200 - 500 W In the variation of Figure 4, the 3-way valve has been replaced by two 17 ° one-way control valves. When the power requirement of the heat exchanger of Figures 3 and 4 is 150 to 300 W, the length of the jacket 15 is 250 to 1500 mm, preferably 300 to 700 mm. The inner tube is preferably in a row and block house D 12 -18 mm and the outer tube D 22 -35 mm. Correspondingly, in an detached house, the inner tube is 15 - 24 mm. Based on the new tests, the short-circuit branch of the secondary circuit is preferably connected from the supply side 15.3 of the heat exchanger 10 to the suction side of the pump 19. The secondary side of the heat exchanger 10 has an almost constant flow. On both sides, the flow is preferably N so large that the flow remains turbulent.

O 0 25 In addition to the embodiments of Figures 3 to 5, a plate heat exchanger can be used, which I here makes very small. a O Figure 5 shows the previous higher-capacity heat exchanger 15 ° with two x jacket spaces in series. The jacket spaces are connected together by 15.5 and the inner pipes are

N I with insulated connecting pipe 11d. 5

In the variant, a single pipe 15.5. can be replaced by a surrounding jacket tube connecting the jacket tubes at their ends (not shown). In a variation of Figure 6, the 3-way valve has been replaced by two 17 ° one-way control valves. The most important component is the local circuit heat exchanger, which uses an exceptionally high degree of temperature difference between the primary and secondary flows. Here are some possible pipe sizes and their parameters. Inner pipe 18/16 Cu Computer = 24 ° C length 600 mm - 0.034 m? length 500 mm - 0.028 m? length 400 mm - 0.022 m? Inner pipe 15/13 Cu Computer = 24 ° C 600 mm - 0.028 m? 500 mm - 0.023 m? 400 mm - 0.019 m? p = a-Ap- Ak a = 350 ... 750 W / m? K

I DHW 59 - 57 ° C HEATING WATER 33 - 35 ° C Atk = 24 ° C - The degree is preferably 18 - 30 ° C, most preferably 22 - 26 ° C. Parts list 19 - Circulating water pump 10 Outlet exchanger 20 Return control 1a vide hot water 21 - Shut-off valve unit, hot water 45 22 ° Heat sink (Water-operated as 11b unit, hot water circuit coil) - 30 11c inner pipe for domestic water circuit 12 water meters hot water heaters &.. ae ys) 14 Apartment locks and one-time control valves 23 —Closing valve N an nn. . "o 15 Heat exchanger casing - 50 24 Safety valve 3 bar LO 15 'High-performance heat exchanger 26 - Pressure gauge O - 4 bar r 35 15.1, 15.2 Paaty connections -. 26 Expansion vessel 2 dm ?, pre-pressure 0.5 x 15.3, 15.4 Connections preferably 0.2 to 2 μen KL mi S | on LV Hot water

LO - 17 Three - way valve 55 KV Cold hot water + =. sa S 40 17 'Single control valve LVK Hot water circulation ~~ O Kx m 30 heat meter N 18 Domestic water heating

The above examples involved high-rise or terraced houses. Detached houses may need more power and it is easy to arrange there. The 60 kW converter delivers 0.35 l / s from 10 to 60 ° C (eg district heating), so a suitable circulation line to improve the control is 0.06 I / s and a power of 500 W with two-degree cooling (760 W with three-degree cooling), and with a pipe size of 18 mm. The bypass loss is now well below 1 ° C due to the short distance. In a detached house, pipe sizes 18/28 are probably optimal. The diameter of the inner tube of the heat exchanger jacket 15 may be 10 to 30 mm, preferably 12 to 16 in a multi-storey and terraced house and 15 to 24 mm in a detached house. The length of the jacket tube of the heat exchanger 10 is preferably 250 to 1500 mm, most preferably 400 to 800 mm and the nominal power 200 to 500 W at 25 ° C.

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Claims (10)

Security requirements A heat exchanger (10) adapted for use between a hot water circuit and a local fluid circuit to transfer heating energy from a domestic water circuit to a local fluid circuit (15, 15.1, 15.2, 22), wherein the heat exchanger (10) comprises a coaxial tubular structure having at least one elongate - a jacketed pipe (15) and an inner pipe (11c) placed longitudinally inside it, in which one liquid circulation circuit is arranged in the inner pipe (11c) and the other to flow in the jacket space of the jacket pipe (15), characterized in that the heat exchanger is and 0.1 to 5 L / min for a local circulation flow, producing a liquid temperature of 25 to 40 ° C from the hot water of 55 to 60 ° C for local circulation. Heat exchanger (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the length of the jacket tube of the heat exchanger (10) is 250 to 1500 mm, most preferably 400 to 800 mm and the nominal power is 200 to 500 W at 25 ° C. Heat exchanger (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the ends of the heat exchanger (10) have a short sleeve (15.6) between the jacket tube (15) and the inner tube (11c), placing the central tube (11c) coaxially. Heat exchanger (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heat exchanger (10) comprises a straight jacket tube (15) with its connection (15.3, 15.4) and a straight coaxial inner tube (11c). 5. A system for heating sub-spaces of apartments, such as a bathroom in an apartment, on a building, the system comprising an O - hot water circuit (11a, 11b) for supplying hot water to the consumption points at a specified temperature, and LO - 25 means (22) for heating the sub - space with hot water, characterized in that: The I a * system consists of a local closed liquid tank located in each compartment. LO 2 circuit (15, 15.1, 15.2, 22) with pumps (19) and expansion vessels (26), 3 O N 5 - a heat exchanger (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 between the domestic hot water circuit and the local liquid circuit for transferring heating energy by heat transfer to the local liquid circuit (15, 15.1, 15.2, 22), and - partial heat transfer means (22) for generating heat energy from the fluid circuit. A system according to claim 5, characterized in that the power transmission of the heat exchanger (10) and thus of the heat transfer is arranged in the range of 200 to 500 W in a multi-storey or terraced house and 300 to 800 W in a detached house. System according to protection claim 5, characterized in that the heat exchanger jacket (15) has a length of 250 to 1500 mm and an inner tube diameter of 10 to 30 mm, preferably 12 to 16 in multi-storey and terraced houses and 15 to 24 mm in detached houses. A system for heating sub-rooms of apartments, such as a bathroom in an apartment, according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the system comprises means (18) for heating and circulating hot water in its circuit (11a, 116). System according to Claim 8, characterized in that it comprises means for measuring energy consumption arranged in the domestic hot water circuit. System according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the expansion vessel has a size of 0.2 to 21. OF O OF N <Q LO I Ao a LO LO 5 O OF O N 5