FI127039B - Arrangement for creating an arc portion included in a straight circular cylinder - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 for forming an arc portion of a straight circular cylinder. Indeed, such an arrangement can be utilized for a wide variety of uses. Thus, for example, it is customary to make various types of arch halls with a frame made of either wood or metal in order to obtain a sufficiently large span of the hall. Such a frame structure in turn supports the outer casing of the hall. Due to the use of the hall, the outer jacket is equipped with various waterproofing and thermal insulation layers, among other things. The frame structure, mainly implemented as a grid, requires considerable space, which can only be partially utilized for the installation of structural layers. Thus, such an arcade generates considerable thermal disadvantage, which significantly increases the cost of maintaining the arc hall.

On the other hand, the present arrangement may provide a support structure for other structures. One such structure is formed by bridges in which the bridge deck is supported, for example, by an arch under the deck, or by an arch structure extending over the deck. Manufacturing both support structures is labor-intensive and time-consuming. In addition, the construction of the arch support requires a considerable amount of timber, for which there is no new rational use when the bridge is completed, but good raw material will end up being burnt or, at worst, landfill filler.

Some point-supported structures are disclosed, for example, in US 4,897,140 and DE 42 01 816. However, these are related to solutions for producing curved screens or, for example, barrel-like products with low structural stiffness. On the other hand, there are known solutions according to US 2 250 175 or JP S 63-210335 which can be used to form an arch-like structure by installing the structural members longitudinally parallel to the support surface. However, such an arrangement cannot achieve even high rigidity or structural load-bearing capacity.

Brief Description of the Invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an arrangement which provides a completely novel solution to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. This object is achieved in that the arrangement for forming the arc portion of the straight circular cylinder in accordance with the present invention has the features defined in the claims.

In particular, the present problems can be solved by combining the features in a manner similar to that of claim 1.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are claimed in the dependent claims.

The invention provides considerable advantages. Thus, the arc hall built with the present solution is significantly more economically advantageous than the conventional grid or glued beam construction. In the present solution, the underside of the top floor can be brought down to the level of the underside of competing solutions, resulting in significantly less heated wasted space in the hall.

The arc part according to the invention is also feasible with structural parts which are very advantageous to manufacture. Joining the components together is simple and does not require significant specialized knowledge or specialized tools.

The wooden slats used in the manufacture of the arch portion are dimensioned so that they can be stored on standard standard shipping carriers and transferred using conventional means of transportation.

The easy disassembly and portability of the arc part also facilitates its reuse. This also makes it possible to utilize the solution, for example, in emergency construction in crisis areas that require quick and easy erection of structures.

The arch part according to the invention is also suitable, in addition to halls, because of its high load-bearing capacity and rigid structure, for example, for the construction of bridge support structures or, for example, the use of formwork bridges for bridge construction sites. For example, a bridge hole vault casting mold is completed much faster than before, and it is also remarkably simple to disassemble and relocate to a new location after casting.

Other advantages of the invention are set forth below when specific embodiments of the invention have been described in more detail.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following, some preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1a shows exemplary wood slats forming the structure of the present arch, Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Figure 4 is a sectional view of the BBQ of Figure 3, Figure 5 is a top plan view of the arch portion used in constructing the arch portion, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative construction of the arc portion used in constructing the portion 6 illustrates an extension of a draw bar used for joining wooden slats, FIG. utilizing the arch portion as a bridge bearing structure, and Figure 9 illustrates the utilization of the arch portion of the invention as a mold for a bridge bearing arch structure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In the present figures, the arrangement for forming the arc portion of the straight circular cylinder is not shown in scale, but the figures are schematic, illustrating the basic structure and operation of the preferred embodiments. In this case, the components designated by the reference numerals in the accompanying figures correspond to the components designated by the reference numerals in this specification.

The arch portion 1 is formed using, for example, the wood slats 2, 3 and 4 according to Figures 1a, Ib and Le, wherein the figure shows some advantageous structures of the wood slats. Here, the wood chips comprise a component made of either raw wood or wood, such as heat-treated or pressure-impregnated wood, processed in a manner known per se. Each of the wooden slats according to Fig. 1a has side surfaces 5 and 6 which are joined by the upper surface 7 and the lower surface 8.

As can be seen, for example, in Figure 2, the side surfaces of the wood slats 2, 3 and 4 are formed substantially symmetrically parallel and wavy. The shape is then obtained using, for example, a machining method known per se, such as milling or planing. The top surface 7 and the bottom surface 8 of the wood slats are substantially flat and parallel in shape and are conventionally machined to be sanded. The upper and lower surfaces are then curved in their longitudinal direction, whereby the radius R of the arc is selectable according to the span of the desired end structure. The wooden slats are dimensioned such that, for example, parallel wooden slats arranged against each other as shown in Figures 5 and 6 are arranged to be closely and overlapping with each other such that the upper and lower surfaces of the wooden slats are substantially parallel. For example, the ends of the wood slats 9 and 10 shown in Figs. 1a are also substantially flat with their planar surfaces substantially radial and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 11 of the wood slats.

When pressing the wood slats 2, 3 and 4, for example as shown in Figure 5, the corrugated side surfaces 5 and 6 are overlapped relative to one another so that the waveguides 12 of the previous wood slab are aligned with the bottom 13 of the corresponding subsequent wood slats. with substantially parallel wave peaks and troughs. The wave height H shown in Fig. 2 is preferably selected so as to extend through several annual growths of the processed wood pieces, thereby reinforcing the joint between the wood slats. The wavelength L, in turn, is preferably substantially greater than the total thickness D of the lattice, so that it is easy to work with sufficient durability, thereby facilitating the positioning of the lattice in the opposite position. One of the significant advantages of such a wooden slatted structure is that the corrugated structure as if tightens itself irrespective of moisture conditions. When adjacent slats are formed between the slits, even sliding slats, due to opposing waveforms, are slightly further apart, providing compression against the lattice assembly of the retaining structures.

By selecting such corrugated seam surfaces 14 for the wood slats 2, 3 and 4, a remarkably large contact area between the wood slats is achieved, which significantly increases the strength and load-bearing capacity of the structure. The corrugated seam structure of the wood structure as shown will stiffen the structure against warping and twisting, thereby maintaining a straight and planar sheet-like structure. At the same time, the shape significantly facilitates the assembly of the structure, since the wooden slats are easily positioned against one another.

The present arch portion 1 is formed, for example, as shown in Figures 5-7 by fitting the wooden slats 2, 3 and 4 side by side. Hereby, one or more holes 15 in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 11 of the wood slats are preferably pre-drilled on the side surfaces of the wood slats. Of course, there is nothing to prevent the wood slats from tearing while the wood slats are fitted side by side, but pre-punching significantly contributes to the completion of the arch portion.

When the wood slats 2, 3 and 4 are adjacent to each other, the holes 15 therein form a substantially uniform clamping channel 16, shown in Figures 5, to which a draw bar 17 can be fitted, for example a threaded rod known per se. The drawbar is provided at its outer ends with nuts or other locking means 18 which prevent the drawbar from leaving the clamping passage.

In another embodiment of the arch member according to Figs. 6 and 7, it is advantageous to provide the arch member at regular intervals with special clamping nuts 19 for tightening the wood slats 2, 3 and 4, which tightly clamp the wood slats within this range. By continuing to join the wooden slats in this manner, the present arch portion can be extended to the length of an entire arch or other arch structure. By arranging the curved portions thus obtained side by side or by utilizing the curved portions of the curved portions, they form a smooth surface structure, which, if necessary, immediately comprises a surface ready for grinding or coating. In order to achieve particularly high durability, elastic adhesive material can even be provided on the joints 14 for joining the joists together.

The thickness of the wood slats 2, 3 and 4 measured from its upper surface 7 to its lower surface 8 can vary, as can the width of the wood slats measured between the side surfaces 5 and 6 and the radius of curvature R. The wood slats can thus be manufactured to different thickness and curved dimensions. and le is schematically represented. The required thickness of the structure is achieved by selecting the most suitable wood slats for each height. If desired, it is possible, for example, to improve the durability and load-bearing capacity of special spaces by incorporating a planar non-wood component into a corrugated joint between the wooden slats.

The present arc part is also very advantageous in terms of materials. Thus, when examining Figures 1a and 3, it can be seen that in the present solution, the numbered wooden slats 2, 3 and 4 in the wooden structure can be mounted in a simple manner longitudinally and side by side in the widthwise direction of the structure. there are always two intact wood beams passing through the joint, but adjacent to the joints of the adjacent wooden slats. The support provided by the corrugated shape of the wooden slats allows adjacent wooden slats to project to each other in the corrugated form, thereby forming part of a functioning static system. This results in a rigid and high-load-bearing structure, although the individual wooden slats do not all extend to the support 21.

As illustrated in Figures 1a, the various wood slats 2, 3 and 4 may have, for example, three different lengths - short, medium and long, the lengths being integers of the shortest wood slats. Some of the preferred sizes of the wood slats are thus such that the short wood slats 4 are substantially 500 mm long, the medium wood slats 3 substantially 1000 mm and the long wood slats 2 substantially 1500 mm. It should be noted, however, that such dimensions of wood slats are merely exemplary, and that other desired dimensions can of course be achieved. However, it is economically more economical to produce a shorter wood slats, both in terms of machining and the availability of raw materials. The shorter wood veneer can advantageously be made of even pieces of wood otherwise unsuitable for industrial or construction use.

In the wood slats, the above-mentioned perforation is implemented in this exemplary case so that the shortest wood grille 4 has one hole 15, the middle wood grille 3 has two holes and the longest wood grille 2 has three holes.

The desired arch portion 1 is formed of these wooden slats so that the end 22 of the arch portion located on the support 21 is formed by adjacent wood slats of increasing length - or decreasing in length as shown in Figure 5. Every four rows of wood slats, the selection of the wood slats is repeated. In other words, the wooden slats are grouped in the ascending or descending order of length on the end of the arched portion of the support. Alternatively, the wooden slats grouped at the end of the arch portion to be provided on the support may also be in successive ascending and descending order. Thus, in the case of Fig. 5, the support is provided with a long, medium, short, long, medium, short, long wood slats, and so on. Similarly, the opposite end of the arch portion is formed of wood slats of varying lengths. The other wooden slats of the arch portion are preferably all long. However, it is preferable to select the wood slats inserted in the longitudinal direction of the wooden slats at the ends of the arch portion from the largest wooden slats of the length.

The arch portion can be formed as described above and as shown in Figs. through which a uniform surface structure of the other arch structure is obtained, which is immediately ready for use when required. By installing a spring member 24 between the clamping nut or extension nut and the slat, the transverse expansion of the slat in the lattice group may also be taken into account. This leaves a small expansion gap between adjacent arc portions at desired intervals, for example every 2 meters, to ensure controlled moisture behavior of the structure.

The arch portion may also be formed of narrower structural members which are joined together, for example, by a separate frame or support structure. Such a support structure may be formed, for example, in the form of a longitudinal tie for the lower surface of the arch section in the manufacture of a roof mold for a roof hall or a bridge arch vault.

On the other hand, the simple joining technique of the wooden slats 2, 3 and 4 and the ease of handling provided by the small physical dimensions of the wooden slats have a significant advantage in the manufacture of both arch halls and various arched molds. On the other hand, assembling the arch part without special attachments or adhesives also allows the structure to be dismantled and moved to a new application.

It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that as technology advances, the basic idea of the solution described above can be implemented in many different ways. The disclosed solution and its embodiments are thus not limited to the examples described above, but may vary within the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

An arrangement for forming an arch portion (1) of a straight circular cylinder, such an arch portion comprising structural members (2, 3, 4) mechanically attached to each other such that each structural member comprises two corrugated side surfaces (5, 6) and an upper surface (7) connecting them. and ends (9, 10) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (9) of the lower surface (8) and the structural member, the side surfaces being arranged in pairs in opposite positions, wherein the wave peaks (12) and troughs (13) of such opposite side surfaces are substantially parallel and and holes (15) substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the structural members (15) for forming tensioning channels (16), the tensioning bar having a tensile bar (17) extending to the outer edges of the arc part for tightening the portions pierced by (2, 3, 4) is formed in a longitudinal curve such that the lower surface (8) has a radius of curvature (R), whereby the waveform provided on the side surfaces (5, 6) with its wave peaks (12) and waves (13) is arranged substantially parallel to this with the lower surface, and the structural members (2, 3 and 4) being formed between the ends (22) of the arch member to form the arch member (1) successively longitudinally and adjacent the width of the arch member, there are always two joints passing through the joint. Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the components (2, 3, 4) are preferably of three different lengths, the lengths being integers multiple of the shortest component length. Arrangement according to Claim 2, characterized in that the structural members (2, 3, 4) have a short length of substantially 500 mm, a medium length of substantially 1000 mm and a long length of substantially 1500 mm. Arrangement according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the structural members comprise holes (15) in the same ratio such that the shortest structural member (4) has one hole, the middle length member [3] has two holes and the longest structural member (2) has three holes. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural members (2, 3, 4) are grouped in an ascending or descending length at the end of the arch part (1) provided on the support. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends (2, 3, 4) of the arch part [1] to be provided on the support are grouped in successive ascending and descending order. Arrangement according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the structural members (2, 3, 4) added along the longitudinal axis (11) of the structural members (2, 3, 4) at the ends of the arch members (1) are selected from the largest structural members (2). Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the draw bar (17), which penetrates the structural members (2, 3,4), is provided with a tightening nut (19) comprising an extension nut (23) for extending the draw bar through all adjacent structural members. An arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that a spring member (24) is arranged between the component (2, 3, 4) and the extension nut (23) to take into account the transverse expansion of the component.