FI126201B - METHOD FOR PREPARING A PREFABRICATED CONCRETE ELEMENT - Google Patents

METHOD FOR PREPARING A PREFABRICATED CONCRETE ELEMENT Download PDF

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Publication number
FI126201B
FI126201B FI20155137A FI20155137A FI126201B FI 126201 B FI126201 B FI 126201B FI 20155137 A FI20155137 A FI 20155137A FI 20155137 A FI20155137 A FI 20155137A FI 126201 B FI126201 B FI 126201B
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
elongated
reinforcing
web
bent
reinforcing bar
Prior art date
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FI20155137A
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Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
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FI20155137A (en
Inventor
Arpad Toth
Original Assignee
Peikko Group Oy
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Publication date
Application filed by Peikko Group Oy filed Critical Peikko Group Oy
Priority to FI20155137A priority Critical patent/FI126201B/en
Priority to PCT/FI2016/050069 priority patent/WO2016135374A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI20155137A publication Critical patent/FI20155137A/en
Publication of FI126201B publication Critical patent/FI126201B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/003—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0091—Transformable moulds allowing the change of shape of an initial moulded preform by preform deformation or the change of its size by moulding on the preform
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/50—Self-supporting slabs specially adapted for making floors ceilings, or roofs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts
    • E04C5/0653—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts with precast parts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Description

METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A PREFABRICATED CONCRETE ELEMENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method for constructing a prefabricated concrete element as defined in the preamble of independent claim 1.
The invention relates to prefabricated concrete elements of so-called filigree type.
Publication WO 92/12303 presents a filigree element and presents that it is also desirable to obtain an upward arch of the element during production in order to compensate for downward deflections brought about by the actual weight of the element and load. The advantage in using an upward arch is that the dimensions of the element can be dictated by strength, instead of considering deflection. An upward arch is desirable when the topside of the element is used as a floor, especially at the walls where cupboards lean outward from the wall when the element is downward deflect by weight. The underside of the element, building the ceiling, can be allowed to lean. When used as a bottom joist the shape of the underside does not matter. If the element is turned so that the slab is down and the supporting beam is up, it is sufficient to bend the supporting beam to obtain an upward arch. The supporting beam is given such a shape at production that it will become straight when subject to load. Similar circumstances are applicable when outer walls are required to take up earth pressure. A slight curve to the outside wall is irrelevant, but it is vital that the inside wall is straight since it will be visible.
Document SI 9400403 A2 discloses a curved prestressed microreinforced concrete panel construction plate.
A disadvantage with filigree concrete elements having an upward arch from as presented above is that the filigree concrete elements need additional supporting for example during transport in order to maintain the upward arch form.
OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide a method for constructing a prefabricated concrete element, which prefabricated concrete element has a reduced need for additional supporting to maintain said upward.
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method for constructing a prefabricated concrete element of the invention is characterized by the definitions of independent claim 1.
Preferred embodiments of the method for constructing a prefabricated concrete element are defined in the dependent claims.
The invention is based on using a locking member that is fastened to the prefabricated concrete element and that supports the prefabricated concrete element to maintain the upward arch form i.e a precambered state of the prefabricated concrete element.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following the invention will described in more detail by referring to the figure, which Figure 1 shows a mold for use in the method,
Figure 2 shows an elongated reinforcement beam that is used in the first embodiment of the method shown in figures 3 to 12,
Figures 3 to 12 shows production steps of a first embodiment of the method,
Figure 13 shows an elongated reinforcement beam that is used in the second embodiment of the method shown in figures 14 to 23,
Figures 14 to 23 shows production steps of a second embodiment of the method,
Figure 24 shows an elongated reinforcement beam that is used in the third embodiment of the method shown in figures 25 to 34,
Figures 25 to 34 shows production steps of a third embodiment of the method,
Figure 35 shows an elongated reinforcement beam that is used in the fourth embodiment of the method shown in figures 36 to 45, and
Figures 36 to 45 shows production steps of a fourth embodiment of the method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following the method for constructing a prefabricated concrete element and some embodiments and variants of the method will be described in greater detail.
The method comprises a first providing step for providing a mold 1, as is shown in figure 1, having a mold space 2 with an open top 3. The mold space 2 is limited by a first end side 4, a second end side 5 at the opposite and of the mold space 2 with respect to the first end side 4, a first lateral side 6 between the first end side 4 and the second end side 5, a second lateral side 7 between the first end side 4 and the second end side 5, and a planar bottom 8. The first end side 4 and the second end side 5 are planar and essentially parallel, first lateral side 6 and the second lateral side 7 are planar and essentially parallel, and the planar bottom 8 of the mold 1 extend essentially perpendicularly with respect to the first lateral side 6.
The method comprises a second providing step for providing at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9, as is shown in figures 2, 13, 24 and 35, comprising an elongated bottom flange 10 from which a plurality of web elements 11 projects so that each web element 11 has an end attached to the elongated bottom flange 10 and a free end 33.
The method comprises an arranging step, as is shown in figures 9, 19, 31 and 41, for arranging said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 in the mold space 2 so that the elongated bottom flange 10 of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 is in the mold space 2 and so that the elongated bottom flange 10 of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 is essentially parallel with the first lateral side 6 of the mold 1 and the second lateral side 7 of the mold 1 and essentially parallel with the planar bottom 8 of the mold 1.
The method comprises a pouring step for pouring concrete 27 into the mold space 2 so that the elongated bottom flange 10 of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 becomes embedded in concrete 27 in the mold 1 and so that said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 at least partly projects out of the concrete 27 in the mold 1 to obtain a concrete plate 12 having at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 party embedded in the concrete plate 12 and partly projecting out of a top face 13 of the concrete plate 12 and having a bottom face 14 unpenetrated by said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 and having a first end face 15 and an opposite second end face 16 that is parallel with the first end face 15 and having a first lateral side face 17 and an opposite second lateral side face 18 that is parallel with the first lateral side face 17, as is shown in figures 9, 20, 31 and 42.
The pouring step is followed by a precambering step for bending the concrete plate 12 about an axis that is perpendicular to said first lateral side face 17 and perpendicular to said second lateral side face 18 and that is parallel with said first end face 15 and said second end face 16 so that also said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 is bent into a bent state for obtaining a precambered prefabricated concrete element 19 having at least one bent elongated reinforcement beam 20, as is shown in figures 5, 11, 17 and 23.
The precambering step is followed by a locking step for locking said at least one bent elongated reinforcement beam 20 into said bent state by means of a locking member 31 that is fastened to said at least one bent elongated reinforcement beam 20 outside the concrete plate 12, as is shown in figures 11,22, 33 and 44.
In the first embodiment shown in figures 3 to 12, the second embodiment shown in figures 14 to 23, and the third embodiment shown in figures 25 to 34, the distance between the free ends 33 of the web elements 11 of the elongated reinforcement beam 9 increases in the precambering step when the elongated reinforcement beam 9 is bent into a bent state to obtain a precambered elongated reinforcement beam. By means of the locking member 31, the precambered elongated reinforcement beam is locked into said bent state so that the increased distance between the free ends 33 of the web elements 11 is maintained.
The second providing step of the method comprises, as in the first embodiment shown in figures 3 to 12, in the second embodiment shown in figures 14 to 23, and in the fourth embodiment shown in figures 36 to 45, providing an elongated reinforcement beam 9 having an elongated bottom flange 10 comprising a first elongated reinforcement bar 21 and a second elongated reinforcement bar 22 attached to the first elongated reinforcement bar 21 by means of traverse reinforcement bar elements (not shown in the figures) so that the first elongated reinforcement bar 21 and the a second elongated reinforcement bar 22 are parallel and spaced from each other, a first elongated web beam 23 comprising a reinforcement bar bent into zigzag form and having a side attached to the first parallel reinforcement bar so that the first elongated web beam 23 form a plurality of v-shaped elements each forming one web element 11 of said plurality of web elements 11 of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9, and a second elongated web beam 24 comprising a reinforcement bar bent into zigzag form and having a side attached to the second parallel reinforcement bar so that the second elongated web beam 24 a plurality of v-shaped elements each forming one web element 11 of said plurality of web elements 11 of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9.
In the method shown in figures 36 to 45, the second providing step of the method comprises providing at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 where an elongated plastically deformable open-sided channel element 25, which is made of plastically deformable material, such as of cold formed steel sheet material, or which is made plastically deformable for example by means of perforations, is attached to the first elongated web beam 23 and to the second elongated web beam 24 between the first elongated web beam 23 and the second elongated web beam 24 so that an open side 26 of the elongated open-sided channel element 25 is turned away from the elongated bottom flange 10 of said least one elongated reinforcement beam 9.
The pouring step of the method comprises pouring concrete 27 the mold 1 so that the elongated plastically deformable open-sided channel element 25 of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 is located outside the concrete 27.
The precambering step of the method comprises plastically deforming the elongated plastically deformable channel element 25 by bending the mold 1 so that the elongated open-sided channel element 25 is bent and stretched to obtain a bent and stretched elongated plastically deformed open-sided channel element 32.
The locking step of the method comprises using concrete 27 and at least one elongated reinforcement bar 28 as a locking member 31 by filling the bent and stretched elongated plastically deformed open-sided channel element 32 with concrete 27 and arranging said at least one elongated reinforcement bar 28 in the bent and stretched elongated plastically deformed open-sided channel element 32.
The second providing step of the fourth embodiment of the method may comprise providing at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9, where the elongated open-sided channel element 25 is attached element between the free ends 33 of the v-shaped elements of the first elongated web beam 23 and the free ends 33 of the v-shaped elements of the second elongated web beam 24 of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9.
In the second embodiment of the method shown in figures 14 to 23, the locking step includes attaching a locking member 31 in the form of an elongated reinforcement bar 28 to the first elongated web beam 23 and to the second elongated web beam 24 between the first elongated web beam 23 and the second elongated web beam 24 for locking said elongated reinforcement beam 9 into bent state.
The locking step of the second embodiment of the method may comprise attaching the elongated reinforcement bar 28 in the locking step between the free ends 33 of the v-shaped elements of the first elongated web beam 23 and the free ends 33 of the v-shaped elements of the second elongated web beam 24.
The locking step of the second embodiment of the method may comprise attaching the elongated reinforcement bar 28 to the first elongated web beam 23 and to the second elongated web beam 24 by welding.
In the first embodiment of the method shown in figures 3 to 13 the locking step includes attaching a locking member 31 in the form of an elongated plate element 29 to the first elongated web beam 23 and to the second elongated web beam 24 between the first elongated web beam 23 and the second elongated web beam 24 for locking said elongated reinforcement beam 9 into bent state.
The locking step of the first embodiment of the method may comprise attaching the elongated plate element 29 in the locking step between the free ends 33 of the v-shaped elements of the first elongated web beam 23 and the free ends 33 of the v-shaped elements of the second elongated web beam 24.
The locking step of the first embodiment of the method may comprise attaching the elongated plate element 29 to the first elongated web beam 23 and to the second elongated web beam 24 by welding.
In the third embodiment of the method shown in figures 25 to 34, the second providing step of the method comprises providing in the second providing step an elongated reinforcement beam 9 having an elongated bottom flange 10 comprising a first elongated reinforcement bar 21 and a second elongated reinforcement bar 22 attached to the first elongated reinforcement bar 21 by means of traverse reinforcement bar elements so that the first elongated reinforcement bar 21 and the a second elongated reinforcement bar 22 are parallel and spaced from each other, and a plurality of v-shaped elements made of sheet material each having a first end fastened to the first elongated reinforcement bar 21 and a second end fastened to the second elongated reinforcement bar 22 and having a free end 33 between said first end and said second end and each v-shaped element of said plurality of v-shaped elements forming one web element 11 of said plurality of web elements 11 of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9.
In the third embodiment of the method shown in figures 25 to 34, the locking step includes attaching an elongated reinforcement bar 28 to the free end 33 of the plurality of v-shaped elements for locking said elongated reinforcement beam 9 into bent state.
The third embodiment of the method may comprise attaching the elongated reinforcement bar 28 to the free end 33 of the plurality of v-shaped elements by pressing the free end 33 of the plurality of v-shaped elements against the elongated reinforcement bar 28 by means of an external pressing means.
The method may comprise arranging a reinforcement net 30 in the mold 1 prior the pouring step. The reinforcement net 30 is preferably, but not necessarily, arranged in the mold 1 so that the bottom flange of said at least one elongated reinforcement beam 9 is located between the bottom of the mold 1 and the reinforcement net 30.
It is apparent to a person skilled in the art that as technology advances, the basic idea of the invention can be implemented in various ways. The invention and its embodiments are therefore not restricted to the above examples, but they may vary within the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. Menetelmä esivalmistetun betonielementin valmistamiseksi, jolloin menetelmä käsittää: ensimmäisen järjestämisvaiheen sellaisen muotin (1) järjestämiseksi, jossa on avoimella yläosalla (3) varustettu muottitila (2), jolloin muottitilaa (2) rajoittavat ensimmäinen päätylaita (4), ensimmäisen päätylaidan (4) suhteen muottitilan vastakkaisella puolella oleva toinen päätylaita (5), ensimmäisen päätylaidan (4) ja toisen päätylaidan (5) välissä oleva ensimmäinen sivulaita (6), ensimmäisen päätylaidan (4) ja toisen päätylaidan (5) välissä oleva toinen sivulaita (7), ja tasomainen pohja (8), jolloin ensimmäinen päätylaita (4) ja toinen päätylaita ovat tasomaisia ja olennaisesti yhdensuuntaisia, ja jolloin tasomainen pohja (8) ulottuu olennaisesti kohtisuorasti suhteessa ensimmäiseen Sivulaltaan (6), toisen järjestämisvaiheen vähintään yhden sellaisen pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) järjestämiseksi, joka käsittää pitkänomaisen pohjalaipan (10), josta ulottuu monikollinen määrä uumaosia (11) siten, että kullakin uumaosalla (11) on pitkänomaiseen pohjalaippaan kiinnitetty pää ja vapaa pää (33), sijoittamisvaiheen mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) sijoittamiseksi muottitilaan (2) siten, että mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) pitkänomainen pohjalaippa (10) on muottitilassa (2) ja siten, että mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) pitkänomainen pohjalaippa (10) on olennaisesti yhdensuuntainen muotin (1) ensimmäisen sivulaidan (6) ja toisen sivulaidan (7) kanssa ja olennaisesti yhdensuuntainen muotin (1) tasomaisen pohjan (8) kanssa, ja kaatamisvaiheen betonin (27) kaatamiseksi muottitilaan (2) siten, että mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) pitkänomainen pohjalaippa (10) joutuu kiinnivaletuksi betoniin (27) ja siten, että mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) mainittu monikollinen määrä uumaosia (11) vähintään osittain ulottuvat muotissa (1) olevasta betonista (27) sellaisen betonilaatan (12) aikaansaamiseksi, jossa on vähintään yksi pitkänomainen vahvikepalkki (9) osittain kiinnivalettuna betonilaattaan (12) ja osittain ulottuvana betonilaatan (13) yläpinnasta (12) ja jossa on mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) läpäisemätön pohjapinta (14) ja jossa on ensimmäinen päätypinta (15) ja vastapäätä oleva toinen päätypinta (16), joka on yhdensuuntainen ensimmäisen päätypinnan (15) kanssa, ja jossa on ensimmäinen sivupinta (17) ja vastapäätä oleva toinen sivupinta (18), joka on yhdensuuntainen ensimmäisen sivupinnan (17) kanssa, tunnettu kaatamisvaihetta seuraavasta esitaivutusvaiheesta betonilaatan (12) taivuttamiseksi sellaisen akselin ympäri, joka on kohtisuorainen mainitun ensimmäisen sivupinnan (17) suhteen ja poikittainen mainitun toisen sivupinnan (18) suhteen ja joka on yhdensuuntainen ensimmäisen päätypinnan (15) ja mainitun toisen päätypinnan (16) suhteen, siten, että myös mainittu vähintään yksi pitkänomainen vahvikepalkki (9) taivutetaan taivutettuun tilaan esitaivutetun, esivalmistetun, vähintään yhdellä taivutetulla pitkänomaisella vahvikepalkilla (20) varustetun, betonielementin (19) aikaansaamiseksi, esitaivutusvaihetta seuraavasta lukitusvaiheesta mainitun vähintään yhden taivutetun pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (20) lukitsemiseksi mainittuun taivutettuun tilaan sellaisen lukituselimen (31) avulla, joka on kiinnitetty mainittuun vähintään yhteen tavutettuun pitkänomaiseen vahvikepalkkiin (20) betonilaatan (12) ulkopuolella, toisessa järjestämisvaiheessa tapahtuvasta sellaisen pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) järjestämisestä, jossa on pitkänomainen pohjalaippa (10), joka käsittää ensimmäisen pitkänomaisen vahviketangon (21) ja ensimmäiseen pitkänomaiseen vahviketankoon (21) poikittaisten vahviketankoelementtien avulla yhdistetyn toisen pitkänomaisen vahviketangon (22) siten, että ensimmäinen pitkänomainen vahviketanko (21) ja toinen pitkänomainen vahviketanko (22) ovat yhdensuuntaisia ja asetettu etäisyyden päähän toisistaan, ensimmäinen pitkänomainen uumapalkki (23), joka käsittää siksak-muotoon taivutetun vahviketangon ja jolla on ensimmäiseen yhdensuuntaiseen vahviketankoon kiinnitetty kylki siten, että ensimmäinen pitkänomainen uumapalkki (23) muodostaa monikollisen määrän v:n muotoisia elementtejä, kunkin muodostaessa mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) mainitun monikollisen määrän uumaelementtejä (11) yhden uumaelementin (11), ja toinen pitkänomainen uumapalkki (24), joka käsittää siksak-muotoon taivutetun vahviketangon ja jonka sivu on kiinnitetty toiseen yhdensuuntaiseen vahviketankoon siten, että toinen pitkänomainen uumapalkki (24) muodostaa monikollisen määrän v:n muotoisia elementtejä kunkin muodostaessa mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) mainitun monikollisen määrän uumaelementtejä (11) yhden uumaelementin (11), toisessa järjestämisvaiheessa järjestettävästä vähintään yhdestä pitkänomaisesta vahvikepalkista (9), jolloin pitkänomainen plastisesti muovattava avosivuinen kanavaelementti (25), joka on tehty plastisesti muovattavasta materiaalista, kuten kylmämuovatusta teräslevymateriaalista, tai joka on tehty plastisesti muovattavaksi, on kiinnitetty ensimmäiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (23) ja toiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (24) ensimmäisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (23) ja toisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (24) väliin siten, että pitkänomaisen avosivuisen kanavaelementin (25) avoin sivu (26) on käännetty pois mainituista vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) pitkänomaisesta pohjalaipasta (10), betonin (27) kaatamisesta muottiin (1) kaatamisvaiheessa siten, että pitkänomainen plastisesti muovattava avosivuinen mainituin vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) kanavaelementti (25) sijaitsee betonin (27) ulkopuolella, esitaivutusvaiheesta, joka sisältää pitkänomaisen plastisesti muovattavan avosivuisen kanavaelementin (25) plastisen muovaamisen taivuttamalla muottia (1) siten, että pitkänomaista plastisesti muovattavaa avosivuista kanavaelementtiä (25) taivutetaan ja venytetään taivutetun ja venytetyn pitkänomaisen plastisesti muovatun avosivuisen kanavaelementin (32) aikaansaamiseksi, ja lukitusvaiheesta, joka sisältää betonin (27) ja vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahviketangon (28) käyttämisen lukituselimenä (31) täyttämällä taivutettu ja venytetty pitkänomainen plastisesti muovattu avosivuinen kanavaelementti (32) betonilla (27) ja järjestämällä mainittu vähintään yksi pitkänomainen vahviketanko (28) taivutettuun ja venytettyyn pitkänomaiseen plastisesti muovattuun avosivuiseen kanavaelementtiin (32).A method for manufacturing a precast concrete element, the method comprising: first arranging a mold (1) having a mold space (2) with an open top (3), wherein the mold space (2) is bounded by a first end plate (4), a first end plate (4). a second end edge (5) on the opposite side of the mold space, a first side edge (6) between the first end lip (4) and the second end lip (5), a second side edge (7) between the first end lip (4) and the second end lip (5), and a planar base (8) wherein the first end flanges (4) and the second end flanges are planar and substantially parallel, and wherein the planar base (8) extends substantially perpendicular to the first flank (6) to provide a second arranging step for at least one such elongated reinforcing beam (9), comprising an elongated bottom flange ( 10) comprising a plurality of web portions (11) with each web portion (11) having an end and a free end (33) attached to an elongated base flange for positioning said at least one elongate reinforcing bar (9) in said mold space (2); the elongated bottom flange (10) of one of the elongate reinforcement beams (9) being in the mold space (2) and such that the elongate bottom flange (10) of said at least one elongate reinforcing beam (9) is substantially parallel to the first side flange (6) and the second flange (7). ) and substantially parallel to the planar base (8) of the mold (1) and the pouring step for pouring the concrete (27) into the mold space (2) such that the elongated bottom flange (10) of said at least one elongated reinforcing beam (9) such that said plurality of said at least one elongated reinforcing beam (9) the web members (11) at least partially extending from the concrete (27) in the mold (1) to provide a concrete slab (12) having at least one elongated reinforcing beam (9) partially fixed to the concrete slab (12) and partially extending from the top surface (12) of the concrete slab (13) and having an impermeable bottom surface (14) of said at least one elongated reinforcing beam (9) and having a first end surface (15) and an opposite second end surface (16) parallel to the first end surface (15) and having a first side surface (17). ) and an opposing second side surface (18) parallel to the first side surface (17), characterized by a bending step following the pouring step for bending the concrete slab (12) about an axis perpendicular to said first side surface (17) and transverse to said second side surface (18). ) and is parallel to the first end with respect to the nitrogen face (15) and said second end face (16), wherein said at least one elongated reinforcing beam (9) is also bent into a bent state to provide a precast, precast, concrete element (19) with at least one bent elongated reinforcing beam (20). a locking step for locking said at least one bent elongated reinforcing beam (20) in said bent space by means of a locking member (31) secured to said at least one elongated elongating reinforcing beam (20) outside the concrete slab (12) in a second arranging step such as having an elongated base flange (10) comprising a first elongate reinforcing bar (21) and a second longitudinal reinforcement bar connected to the first elongate reinforcing bar (21) by transverse reinforcing bar elements a conical reinforcing bar (22) such that the first elongate reinforcing bar (21) and the second elongate reinforcing bar (22) are parallel and spaced apart, the first elongated web beam (23) comprising a zigzag-shaped reinforcing bar and secured to the first parallel reinforcing bar flanking the first elongated web beam (23) to form a plurality of v-shaped elements, each forming said plurality of web elements (11) of said at least one elongated reinforcing beam (9), and a second elongated web beam (24), comprising a zigzag bent reinforcing bar, the side of which is secured to a second parallel reinforcing bar such that the second elongated web beam (24) forms a plurality of v-shaped elements each forming said at least one elongated bar. n a plurality of web elements (11) of said plurality of web elements (11) of at least one elongate reinforcement beam (9) provided in a second arranging step, wherein the elongated plastically deformable open side channel element (25) is made of a plastically deformable material such as or made plastically deformable, is secured to the first elongated web beam (23) and the second elongated web beam (24) between the first elongated web beam (23) and the second elongated web beam (24), such that the open side (26) is rotated away from said elongated bottom flange (10) of at least one elongated reinforcing beam (9), pouring concrete (27) into the mold (1) during the pouring step such that said elongated plastically deformable open side said at least one elongated the channel element (25) of the reinforcing beam (9) is located outside the concrete (27), from a pre-bending step comprising plastically molding an elongated plastically deformable open side channel element (25) by bending an elongated plastically deformable open side channel element (25) and a stretched elongated plastically formed open-sided duct element (32), and a locking step comprising using concrete (27) and at least one elongated reinforcing bar (28) as a locking member (31) by filling the bent and stretched elongated plastically formed open sided duct element (32) and arranging said at least one elongate reinforcing bar (28) in a bent and stretched elongated plastically formed open-sided channel element (32). 2. Vaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu toisessa järjestämisvaiheessa järjestetyn mainituin vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) pitkänomaisen avosivuisen kanavaelementin (25) ollessa kiinnitetty elementti toisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (24) v:n muotoisten elementtien vapaiden päiden (33) välillä.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one elongated open-sided channel element (25) provided in the second arranging step is a fixed element between the free ends (33) of the v-shaped elements of the second elongated web beam (24). 3. Vaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu lukitusvaiheesta, joka sisältää lukituselimen (31) kiinnittämisen pitkänomaisen vahviketangon (28) muodossa ensimmäiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (23) ja toiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (24) ensimmäisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (23) ja toisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (24) välissä mainituin taivutetun pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (20) lukitsemiseksi mainittuun taivutettuun tilaan.A method according to claim 1, characterized by a locking step comprising securing the locking member (31) in the form of an elongated reinforcing bar (28) to the first elongated web beam (23) and the second elongated web beam (24) between the first elongated web beam said means for locking a bent elongated reinforcing beam (20) in said bent space. 4. Vaatimuksen 3 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu pitkänomaisen vahviketangon (28) kiinnittämisestä lukitusvaiheessa ensimmäisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (23) v:n muotoisten elementtien vapaiden päiden (33) ja toisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (24) v:n muotoisten elementtien vapaiden päiden (33) välille.Method according to claim 3, characterized in that during the locking step the fastening rod (28) is fastened between the free ends (33) of the v-shaped elements of the first elongated web beam (23) and the free ends (33) of the second elongated web beam (24). 5. Vaatimuksen 3 tai 4 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu pitkänomaisen vahviketangon (28) kiinnittämisestä ensimmäiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (23) ja toiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (24) hitsaamalla.Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the elongated reinforcing bar (28) is secured to the first elongated web beam (23) and the second elongated web beam (24) by welding. 6. Vaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu lukitusvaiheesta, joka sisältää pitkänomaisen levyelementin (29) muodossa olevan lukituselementin (31) kiinnittämisen ensimmäiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (23) ja toiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (24) ensimmäisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (23) ja toisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (24) välille mainituin taivutetun pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (20) lukitsemiseksi mainittuun taivutettuun tilaan.The method of claim 1, characterized by a locking step comprising attaching a locking element (31) in the form of an elongated plate element (29) to the first elongated web beam (23) and the second elongated web beam (23) and the second elongated web beam (24). means for locking said bent elongated reinforcing beam (20) in said bent space. 7. Vaatimuksen 6 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu pitkänomaisen levyelementin (29) kiinnittämisestä lukitusvaiheessa ensimmäisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (23) v:n muotoisten elementtien vapaiden päiden (33) ja toisen pitkänomaisen uumapalkin (24) v:n muotoisten elementtien vapaiden päiden (33) välille.Method according to claim 6, characterized in that during the locking step, the elongated plate element (29) is fastened between the free ends (33) of the v-shaped elements of the first elongated web beam (23) and the free ends (33) of the second elongated web beam (24). 8. Vaatimuksen 6 tai 7 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu pitkänomaisen levyelementin (29) kiinnittämisestä ensimmäiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (23) ja toiseen pitkänomaiseen uumapalkkiin (24) hitsaamalla.Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the elongated plate element (29) is secured to the first elongated web beam (23) and the second elongated web beam (24) by welding. 9. Jonkin vaatimuksista 1-8 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu vahvikeverkon (30) järjestämisestä muottiin (1) ennen kaatamisvaihetta.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the reinforcing mesh (30) is arranged in the mold (1) before the pouring step. 10. Vaatimuksen 9 mukainen menetelmä, tunnettu vahvikeverkon (30) järjestämisestä muottiin (1) siten, että mainitun vähintään yhden pitkänomaisen vahvikepalkin (9) pohjalaippa sijaitsee muotin (1) tasomaisen pohjan (8) ja vahvikeverkon (30) välissä.Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the reinforcing mesh (30) is arranged in the mold (1) such that the bottom flange of said at least one elongated reinforcing bar (9) is located between the planar bottom (8) of the mold (1) and the reinforcing mesh (30).
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AT372458B (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-02-15 Katzenberger Helmut Prefabricated ceiling element
SE466860B (en) 1990-12-28 1992-04-13 George Wegler DEVICE FOR BUILDING ELEMENT
US5884442A (en) * 1997-03-28 1999-03-23 Structural Systems Ltd. Composite joist and concrete panel assembly
DE102004048190B4 (en) * 2004-09-30 2008-10-02 Drössler GmbH Umwelttechnik Process for producing precast concrete elements

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