FI12299U1 - Multi-layer product - Google Patents

Abstract

Multilayer product, characterized in that the multilayer product (1) comprises at least two layers, at least one of which consists of waste from fiber-reinforced thermosets taken out of use or side streams from the production of fiber-reinforced thermosets in combination with a thermoplastic matrix, which thermoplastics and thermosets are chemically coupled to each other with one or more excipients. In addition, the protection requirements 2-7.

Description

Multi-layer product

Background of the Invention

The invention relates to a multilayer product.

Today, more stringent requirements are set for the recycling of materials and products. However, the recycling of thermosetting materials and products made of them is particularly challenging. Thus, there is a need to improve the recycling of such materials and products.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is thus to develop a new multilayer product. The object of the invention is achieved by a multilayer product, which is characterized by what is stated in the independent claim. Various embodiments of the invention are subject to non-limiting claims.

The invention is based on the fact that the multilayer product comprises at least two layers. The at least one layer or two layers consists of debris removed from the use of a fiber reinforced thermosetting resin or side streams of the production of a fiber reinforced thermosetting resin combined with a thermoplastic matrix. The thermoplastic matrix and the thermoplastic are chemically bonded to one another by one or more excipients. Such a solution provides a product that is capable of producing Hyo-dynamite waste material, which is very challenging to rotate.

According to an embodiment of the epoxy, the article has a surface layer and a filler layer such that the filler layer fuses an End of Life fiber-reinforced thermosetting resin combined with a thermoplastic matrix. At that time, it was also possible to recycle poor quality and difficult to utilize extensions.

According to another embodiment of the epoxy, the article has a surface layer and a filler layer such that the filler layer fuses the End of Life fiber reinforced thermoplastic in combination with the thermoplastic matrix and the surface layer encapsulates the fiber reinforced thermoplastic This results in a product whose surface properties are well suited to the requirements of the application, and yet it is possible to utilize materials of poor quality and challenging turnability. This will increase the degree of recycling of waste materials.

The idea of the third embodiment of the era is that the maximum particle size of the surface layer thermosetting resin is less than 100 µm. This will ensure that the properties of the surface layer are maintained at a sufficiently high level.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described more closely in connection with preferred embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a multilayer product in perspective and in cross-section;

Fig. 2 shows a batch of another multilayer product viewed from the boot and in cross section;

Fig. 3 shows a third multi-layer product in the form of a boot and a cross-section;

Fig. 4 shows a batch of the fourth multilayer product, viewed from the boot and in cross section;

Fig. 5 shows a batch of the fifth multilayer product viewed from the boot and in cross section;

Figure 6 shows a batch of the sixth multilayer product viewed from the boot and in cross section;

Figure 7 shows a batch of seventh multilayer product viewed from the boot and in cross section

Figure 8 shows a batch of eight multilayer products, viewed from the boot and in cross section; and

Fig. 9 shows a batch of the ninth multilayer product, viewed from the boot and in cross section.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows a multilayer product 1 having two layers, i.e. surface layer 2 and filler layer 3. Surface layer 2 refers to a layer which, for example, may be more exposed or more exposed to environmental conditions or have higher demands on its properties for some other reason.

Fig. 2 shows a multilayer product 1, in which the top layer 2 surrounds the filling layer 3. The embodiment of Fig. 2 can be made, for example, by cone extrusion. In the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2, the multilayer product 1 may be, for example, a plank, a board, a plate or a tile.

Figure 3 illustrates a multilayer product 1, which is a circular tube with an outer layer 2 and an inner layer 3 filled in. The product of Figure 3 may also be a rectangular and / or rectangular tube or channel and / or other rotationally symmetrical tube or channel. Such a pipe or duct may be, for example, a pipe or duct that is exposed to baiting or exposed to environmental conditions, which is why certain characteristics such as aesthetics or fire protection are placed on the outer surface. In contrast, the inner surface requirements are less stringent.

Figure 4 illustrates a multilayer product 1 having an inner layer of a surface layer 2 and an outer layer of a filling layer 3. Such a pipe may be, for example, a buried pipe whose characteristics of the outer layer are different from those of the inner layer. For example, higher rigidity and / or hardness may be required on the outer layer than on the inner layer. For example, the glazing layer should have, for example, a better smoothness and / or durability, such as toughness and / or chemical resistance, than the outer layer. The product of Figure 4 may also be a rectangular and / or rectangular tube or conduit and / or other rotationally symmetrical tube or conduit.

Figure 5 illustrates a multilayer product 1 in which both the innermost layer and the outermost layer are a surface layer 2. There may be one or more optional layers between the surface layers. In the embodiment of Figure 5, the multilayer product 1 has one filler layer 3 between the top layers. In the embodiment of Figure 5, the properties of the inner and outer layers can be subject to stricter requirements than the layer they select.

Figure 6 shows a multilayer product 1 with a top layer and a top layer 2 as viewed in the figure and a fill layer 3 between them. Figure 7 shows a multilayer product 1 in which the top layer 2 is disposed on the top and partially or completely on both sides to the top layer 3.

The multilayer product 1 can also cope with reliefs. For example, the reliefs of the extruded articles, which may be one or more, may be, for example, longitudinal cavities 4 inside the article, as shown in Figure 8. Further, the reliefs may be, for example, grooves 5 on the edge of the article. for example terrace patches. The reliefs can be rectangular, round, oval or any other shape. The multilayer products of Figures 6-9 are also successfully produced by conventional multilayer extrusion.

In addition to the embodiments of Figures 1-9, the multilayer product 1 may be, for example, a ribbed or corrugated 2-layer tube having a smooth inner surface, a 3-layer tube having both an inner and outer surface are smooth and a warping or corrugating tube having a spiral teprofile, square or rectangular profile, I or U or L beam, container, reservoir, alias, tank, sewer or separator well, bottle, canister, other profile or container.

According to an embodiment of the epoxy, the multilayer product 1 is a structure according to Fig. 1, wherein the filler layer 3 is a foam reinforced thermoplastic obtained from any combination of thermoplastic and the surface layer 2 is a thermoplastic but without a thermoplastic joint. If the thermoplastics of the filler layer 3 and the surface layer 2 adhere sufficiently to each other, no additional layer is required between the layers. If, on the other hand, the thermoplastics of the different layers do not naturally adhere to each other, then a layer of adhesive polymer is formed between the topsheet 2 and the filler layer 3. The thermoplastics used may be virgin or recycled and may include fibers, minerals, colorings and / or auxiliaries, etc.

The method of manufacturing the multilayer product 1 may be, for example, extrusion, injection molding, injection molding, injection molding, rotational molding or infusion. The multilayer product 1 can also be prepared by first preparing a 1-layer semi-finished product material mixture and finalizing it by coating or, for example, gluing or heat-welding to another material. hybrid material. Coating can be done in many different ways and with alternative surface materials. The coating can be carried out, for example, by laminating, spraying or painting.

The Taytek layer 3 may consist of a mixture of materials consisting of a cured fiber reinforced thermosetting resin derived from products that are at the end of their life cycle or from the side streams of the production of such a product combined with a thermoplastic matrix. The thermoplastic matrix and the thermoplastic are chemically bonded to one another by one or more excipients. In addition, the material mixture may also include other materials such as natural fiber, cellulose, aluminum, minerals, glass or carbon fiber, etc. The side streams of the production of a thermosetting product may consist, for example, of overburden, cutting or grinding, etc.

For example, thermosetting plastics from life cycle products can be derived from, for example, fiber-reinforced thermosetting products such as boats, ships, aircraft, tanks, vessels, sports and leisure equipment, windmill blades, pipes, building profiles, aircraft, including various components, laminates, and other consumer products, hybrid products in which fiber reinforced thermosetting resin is bonded to other materials such as wood.

The thermosetting resin may be one or more of the following: epoxy, polyester, vinyl ester, phenolic resin, amine resin, furan, polyurethane, vulcanized rubber, crosslinked thermoplastic such as crosslinked polyethylene PEX or any combination thereof.

The thermoplastic may, for example, one or more of the following: thermoplastic elastomer TPE, polyvinyl chloride PVC, a polyolefin such as polybutene PB of polyethylene PE and polypropylene PP, polystyrene PS, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ABS, polymethyl methacrylate PMMA, polybutyl PBA, polylactic acid PLA polyhydroksialkanoeteeni PHA, polyhydroxybutyrate, PHB, Acrylonitrile styrene acrylate ASA, polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyamide PA, polycarbonate PC, polyacetal POM, polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE, perfluoroethylene propene FEP, modified fluoroalkoxy MFA, perfluoroalkoxy PFA or any combination thereof. The thermoplastic material may also contain material other than those listed above and may include crosslinking ingredients such as peroxide and / or silane compounds during processing. The thermoplastic may be virgin oil or bioplastic thermoplastics from their manufacturers, recycled plastics delivered via recyclers, or plastic waste collected from anywhere. The topsheet 2 in connection with the filler layer 3 may be of the above-described or other thermoplastic and / or thermoplastic alloy to which other material such as dyes, flame retardants, minerals and other auxiliaries have been added and / or the topsheet 2 may consist of a material mixture comprising fiber reinforced side streams of production combined with a chemical auxiliary in a thermoplastic matrix, but free of discarded waste from fiber reinforced thermosetting plastics. When using the latter mixture as a surface layer 2, for example on the exterior surface of the article to be manufactured, and especially when exposed to sunlight, it is recommended that the maximum particle size of the thermoplastic waste be Life). By using the material mixture as a filler layer 3, for example, on the inner surface of the article to be manufactured, which is below the surface layer 2 of another material, both production side streams and end product life streams can be used.

According to one embodiment, the fiber-reinforced thermosetting waste is at least 10% and at most 80% in the material mixture. In this case, the amount of thermoplastic (recycled or virgin) in the alloy is at least 20% and at most 85%.

Examples of chemical auxiliaries are anhydride (g-MAH), peroxide, silane, ethylene copolymers, styrene acrylic linitrile glycidine ester, styrene acrylonitrile-gene-ethylene glycerol, grafting acrylic functions, antioxidant mixtures, cost stabilizers and reactive additives, mixtures of aliphatic resins and olefins to combine different materials and two polymers to reduce interphase energy to increase adhesion and dispersion. according to the invention, the amount of chemical excipients in the material mixture is at least 1% and at most 6%.

According to an embodiment based on polyethylene PE, the material mixture of the topsheet 2 and the filler layer 3 has a flexural MOR of at least 20 MPa and typically> 30 MPa. Further, the flexural MOE of the material blend has at least 3 GPa and typically of> 4GPa. not more than 8% and typically <5% and <1% in the 24h test, and yet according to the same embodiment, the surface layer 2 material mixture has a Shore D hardness of at least 55 and typically> 60.

It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that as technology advances, the basic idea of the invention can be implemented in many different ways. The invention and its embodiments are thus not limited to the examples described above, but may vary within the scope of the protection claims.

Claims (7)

protection Requirements 1. Flip-flop product, flip-flap product (1) omfattar atminstone dive, fluff atminstone et bestar av avap franc fiberarmerad hardplast som tagits ur bruk eller sidofloden froductionen av fiberarmerad hardplast i combo med thermoplastic matte fortune med ett eller flera hjalpamnen. A multilayer product, characterized in that the multilayer product (1) comprises at least two layers, at least one of which is a waste material removed from the use of fiber reinforced thermoplastic or side streams of fiber reinforced thermoplastic production combined with a thermoplastic matrix and thermoplastic. 2. Flip-off product enligt skyddskrav 1, kannetecknad avatt product omfattar et ytskikt (2), som bestar av thermoplast, och et fyllnads-skikt (3) och att fyllnadsskiktet omfattar avfall fr fiberarmerad sidplug som från / eller som tagits produktionen av fiberarmerad hardplast i kombination med en thermoplastmatris. Multilayer product according to protection claim 1, characterized in that the article has a surface layer (2) consisting of a thermoplastic, and a filler layer (3) and that the filler layer disassembles the waste fiber reinforced thermoplastic and / or the thermoplastic production side streams. 3. Flerskiktsprodukt enligt skyddskrav 2, k η n e t e c k n a d av att mellan ytskiktet (2) och fyllnadsskiktet (3) finns et skikt som bestar av ad-hesionsplast. Multilayer product according to protection claim 2, characterized in that a layer consisting of an adhesion polymer is present between the top layer (2) and the backing layer (3). 4. Flocking products can be applied to the forehead shield, skeleton, can open atminstone to make the best material, blandning, 10% and 80% hardplast, 20% and 85% thermoplastic. alblandningen innehaller minst 1% och hogst 6% av before cooking hjalpamne. Multilayer product according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one layer consists of a mixture of thermoplastic in a mixture of not less than 10% and not more than 80%, thermoplastic in a mixture of not less than 20% and not more than 85% and not less than 1% and not more than 6%. 5. The product of the invention is limited to the use of a shield, a blanket and a blanket (2) och et fyllnads-skikt (3) och att fyllnadsskiktet (3) omfattar avfall fran fiberarmerad hardplast som tagits. A multilayer product according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the article has a surface layer (2) and a filler layer (3) and that the filler layer (3) fuses the discarded extension of the fiber reinforced thermosetting resin. 6. Flerskiktsprodukt enligt skyddskrav 5, k a η n e t e c k n a d av att ytskiktet (2) omfattar fiberarmerad hardplast fran sidofloden i productionen i combining med en thermoplastmatris, men innehaller inte francarmarmad hardplast som tagits ur Bruk. Multilayer product according to protection claim 5, characterized in that the surface layer (2) accumulates the fiber reinforced thermosetting material from the side streams of production in combination with the thermoplastic matrix but is free from the waste material removed from the use of the fiber reinforced thermosetting plastic. Multilayer product according to protection claim 6, characterized in that the maximum particle size of the thermoplastic material of the surface layer (2) is less than 100 µm. Skyddskrav 7. Flerskiktsprodukt enligt skyddskrav 6, k a η n e t e c k n a d av att den maximala particleelstorleken hos hardplasten i ytskiktet (2) or under 100 pm.