FI122034B - Method for drilling a hole - Google Patents

Description

METHOD FOR DRILLING A HOLE FÖRFARANDE FÖR BORRNING AV HÄL 5

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a method for drilling a hole as set forth in the preamble of the independent claim below.

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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A number of soil structures have a foundation designed, inter alia, to transfer and distribute structural loads to soil 15 and to anchor the structure.

There are many foundations and there are many factors that influence the choice of the type to be used, such as the weight and shape of the structure to be created, the characteristics of the soil and the durability requirements and cost of the foundation.

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In areas with frost, frost causes special requirements for the foundation. Particularly easy to set up is difficult with prior art. Light set-up refers to lightweight sensors or steel wedges, for example. Almost ^ without exception, mailboxes, fence posts or road signs are skewed because

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^ 25 groundfrost moves the foundation. However, it is generally not economically wise to lay light foundations below the frost.

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In addition to certain foundations, soil drilling is common in other S excavations. When drilling a hole, there is easy removal of soil from the edges of the hole, which may at least partially block the hole. The borehole can be it

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to keep it open, install a protective tube when drilling. In order to easily install the protective tube into the hole, the hole diameter should be approximately equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the protective tube. The diameter of the bore 2 is obtained, for example, with a drill bit having a slightly larger diameter than the outer diameter of the pipe. The problem is that due to its size, the tip of the blade cannot be pulled up through the protective tube from the ground and yet it is often desired to leave the protective tube in the borehole. In one known solution, the blade head is detached and left on the ground. The problem is e.g. the need for a new blade head for each hole. In another solution, the blade end can be folded so that it fits inside the tube and can be pulled up through the tube. The problem here is that the structure of the blade is not very simple, since the blade comprises moving parts.

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PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to reduce or even eliminate the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

The object of the present invention is to provide a solution in which the entire blade can be pulled out of a hole drilled through the protective pipe without the need for folding, movable or removable parts.

For carrying out, inter alia, the above-mentioned purposes, the method of drilling a hole according to the invention is characterized in what is disclosed in the characterizing part of the appended independent claim.

The application examples mentioned in this text apply, mutatis mutandis, to a protective tube, to a method of drilling a hole, to using a protective tube, and to an arrangement in soil, although not always specifically mentioned.

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At least one substantially longitudinal slot of the tube is provided in the casing of the protective tube for holding the typical bore hole, which passes through the casing in its thickness direction.

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In a typical method according to the invention for drilling a hole in the soil, 3 - drilling a drill hole into the soil, when the drill bit is pulled out of the drill hole.

A typical arrangement in the soil comprises 10 boreholes, and - a protective tube disposed in the borehole to hold it open. In the arrangement, the tube jacket has at least one substantially longitudinal slot of the tube extending from the first end of the tube to the second end and passing through the tube shell in its thickness direction.

15 In this application, a protective tube is also referred to as a tube. The length of the protective tube may be, for example, 30 cm - 10 m, 30 cm - 2 m, 50 cm - 150 cm, 2 m - 10 m or 2 m - 8 m. The tube may have a diameter of e.g. 1-100 cm, 1 - 80 cm , 1 - 15 cm or 20 - 100 cm. The tube casing may have a thickness of e.g. 1 to 20 mm, 1 to 10 mm, 1 to 25 mm or 10 to 50 mm.

The protective tube may have a cross-sectional shape such as a circle, oval, rectangle or other suitable shape. According to one embodiment of the invention, the slot is open and has a width of, for example, 1 mm to 15 cm, 1 mm to 1 cm, 5 mm in the direction of the circumference of the pipe. - ^ 10 cm or 1 cm - 8 cm.

00 00 g 30 In an embodiment wherein the slot extends from one end of the tube to the other

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end, the drill bit may be partially arranged to travel along the gap and be pulled or otherwise moved through the guard tube out of the bore.

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According to one embodiment of the invention, the gap is widened at the connection of the first end of the tube. The drill bit can then be easily guided into the slot.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the protective tube has two slots. In this case, a blade can be drawn through the tube whose dimension in the direction of the tube diameter exceeds the diameter of the tube at two points.

In a method according to an embodiment of the invention, the protective tube 10 is applied by means of a wedge after the drill bit has been withdrawn from the borehole. Spreading means increasing the cross-sectional area of the tube in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. This causes the protective tube to be tightened more tightly against the hole walls and friction in the soil surrounding the tube is increased.

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According to one embodiment of the invention, the wedge is arranged in a slot in the tube casing, e.g., by striking or pressing. According to another embodiment, a counterpiece is provided inside the tube, which expands and expands the tube when the counterpiece is struck or pressed with a wedge or other suitable tool.

According to one embodiment, a binder such as cement powder, concrete mass or other mortar or chemical injection agent such as resin is fed to the inside of the protective tube. In one embodiment, holes are provided in the casing of the protective tube ^ 25 through which the binder ^ supplied to the inside of the tube can pass to the outside of the tube. This transition can be promoted by pressing the binder inside the tube with a piston means.

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a> According to one embodiment, the at least two protective tubes are arranged in line with each other in section 30 to form a longer tube o <m. For example, the two tubes may be secured to one another by suitable attachment means, such as male-female counterparts provided at the ends of the tube. Preferably, the pipe gaps should be aligned substantially in the same line, which may be achieved, for example, by means of alignment means arranged in the drill rod or pipe fittings.

According to one embodiment, a tubular neck portion 5 is provided in connection with the upper end of the protective tube, for example by means of fastening. The neck portion is larger than the diameter of the slit tube and also larger than the diameter of the borehole, which requires the neck to be pressed to the ground with much greater force than the slit tube, thereby securing the neck portion to the ground while supporting the slit tube. The length of the neck portion may be, for example, 1 to 40%, 5 to 30%, or 10 to 20% of the length of the slit tube. According to one embodiment, the neck portion is an integral part of the protective tube of the invention. According to one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the drill rod is substantially equal to the inside diameter of the sheath.

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According to one embodiment, the edges of the guard tube slot are bent toward the inside of the tube so that the bent edges are positioned so close to the drill shaft that the soil does not substantially accommodate the interior space of the guard tube. According to one embodiment, the gap between the edges of the slot and the shaft of the drill 20 may be e.g. 0-1 mm, 0-3 mm, 0 mm -1 cm.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at one end of the protective tube there are fastening means for securing the tube to the drilling device.

The method of the invention is well suited for use in soil drilling

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^ in connection with, for example, setting up or light starting up.

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An advantage of the invention, as defined in the independent claim, is that it provides a solution in which the entire drill bit 30 can be pulled out of a drilled hole through a protective tube without the need for folding, movable or removable parts in the cv blade.

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing, in which Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a prior art drill bit and a protective tube for keeping the drill hole open.

Figure 2 shows a prior art drill bit having a collapsible tip portion,

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the protective tube of Figures 1 and 2, Figure 4 is a perspective view of the protective tube of Figures 1 to 3, Figure 5 is a protective tube according to the first embodiment, Figure 6 is a protective tube according to

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a protective tube according to a first embodiment, Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a protective tube according to a third embodiment,

Fig. 9 shows a protective tube according to another embodiment,

Fig. 10 illustrates how a wedge is pressed into the gap in the casing of the protective tube; Fig. 11 shows a protective tube according to one embodiment, with holes in the casing,

Figs. 12 and 13 show a foundation structure according to one embodiment, ^ Fig. 14 shows two successive ^ 25 protective tubes, and ^ Fig. 15 shows a protective tube with a tubular neck portion arranged at its upper end.

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S DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art drill bit 1 and a protective tube 2 for keeping the drill hole open. The width d3 of the drill bit tip 3 is so large that the bore 7 formed by it is larger than the outer diameter d2. In the position shown, the tip portion 3 of the drill bit does not fit inside the guard tube 2 because the inside diameter d1 of the tube 2 is smaller than the width d3 of the tip portion 3. The drill bit tip section 3 may be detached from the connecting section 5 of the drill rod 4 the connection, after which the other part 5 of the drill bit 1 can be pulled out of the bore through the protective pipe 2 in the direction of the arrow 31, so that the detached tip portion 3 remains on the bottom of the bore hole.

Fig. 2 shows a prior art drill bit 1 having a collapsible tip portion 3 having a width d3 greater than the outer diameter d2 of the protective tube 2 in the open position 10 shown. The flaps 3a, 3b of the tip portion can be folded towards the drill rod 4 so that the entire drill bit 1 with the tip portion 3 can be pulled out of the bore through the protective tube 2.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the protective tube 2 of Figs. 1 and 2, which is substantially circular in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tube.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the protective tube 2 of Figures 1-3.

Fig. 5 shows a protective tube 2 according to the first embodiment. The protective tube 2 has a drill 1 with a blade tip portion 3 of such a shape and size that the borehole d3 to be formed therein is larger than the outer diameter d2 of the protective tube 2. Therefore, the protective tube 2 ^ can be easily arranged in the borehole when drilling the hole. The conduit jacket 2 ≤ 25 being arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal slot of the tube 6. When the tip portion of the drill bit ^ 3 is set to the slot 6 on the can 1 the drill bit to pull out of the bore through the protective tube 31 in the direction of arrow 2 a tr tube 2 in the longitudinal direction.

00 00 g 30 Figure 6 shows the protective tube 2 of Figure 5 in the situation shown in Figure

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The <1 m drill bit 1 is pulled out from inside the protective tube 2. A portion of the tip portion 3 of the drill bit is arranged to pass along a slot 6 in the casing of the protective tube 2, whereby the entire blade 1 with the tip portion 3 can be withdrawn or, if desired, rearranged through the protective tube 2 The slot 6 extends and is open from the first end 7 of the tube 2 to the second end 8.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a protective tube 25 according to the first embodiment in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tube. A slot 6 is provided in the jacket of the tube 2 having edges 16 between which the slot is open, i.e. the slot 6 passes through the jacket in its thickness direction. Inside the guard tube, a cross-section of the drill rod 4 is shown having a diameter d4 substantially equal to the inner diameter of the guard pipe 2, whereby the drill arm 4 substantially fills the inner space of the guard pipe 2 without substantially penetrating soil.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a protective tube 2 according to a third embodiment, in which the edges 16 of the slot 6 arranged in the casing of the tube 2 are bent towards the inside of the tube 2 on both sides of the slot 6. The bent edges 16 of the slot are so close to the drill rod 4 that the soil cannot substantially penetrate into the space 17 inside the protective tube 2 therebetween.

Fig. 9 shows a protective tube 2 according to a second embodiment, in which the slot 6 in the jacket 20 of the tube widens to the first end 7 of the tube, i.e. towards the lower end 7 of the tube. The tip portion of the drill bit is easy to fit into such a widened slot 6 when it is desired to pull the blade out of the hole through the protective tube 2.

δ ^ 25 Fig 10 is shown how an embodiment of the soil ^ in the installed protective tube 2 diaper gap 6 is substantially the direction of arrow 32 ^ direction of the printed wedge 9, so that the tube 2 is spread in the direction of arrows 34 and 35, a * substantially its diameter direction.

Figure 11 shows a protective tube 2 according to one embodiment, which

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the jacket is provided with holes 10, in particular at the first end 7, i.e. the lower end, of the tube 2. The purpose of the holes 10 is to cause the binder, such as cement powder, concrete mass or other mortar, or chemical injection agent 9, e.g., resin, fed inside the tube 2 to pass through the holes 10 from the inside of the protective tube 2. According to an aspect of the protection supplied to the inside of the tube a binder is pressed or vibrated the piston means 11 in the direction of arrow 32 so that the binder is spread through the perforations 10 of the tube 2 from 5.

Fig. 12 shows a foundation structure 12, in which the three protective tubes 2a, 2b, 2c according to the invention form a structure resembling a tree root system. The tubes 2a, 2b, 2c are arranged in holes obliquely drilled in the ground. The structure 10 12 is extremely resistant to compression, tensile, bending and torsional stresses.

Similarly, two, four or more tubes may be used. A binder, such as concrete mass, may be fed into the tubes 2a, 2b, 2c. The brush steel or similar support may also be provided inside the tubes 2a, 2b, 2c. The tubes 2a, 2b, 2c comprise at least one essentially slit 6 in the longitudinal direction of the tube. The collar 13, which may be formed of concrete, for example, holds the upper ends 8 of the tubes together. Collar portion 13 can be arranged in the connecting member 14 of the supported structure such as a fence post, a traffic sign, mailbox, or a square or other connecting post to the foundation structure 12. Figure 13 shows the 12 foundation structure 12 viewed in the direction of arrow 32 of FIG.

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Fig. 14 shows two protective tubes 2a, 2b arranged in series with one another by means of a connecting member 18. The slots 6 of the tubes 2a, 2b are aligned. Inside the tubes 2a, 2b a drill rod 4 passes.

Fig. 15 shows a protective tube 2 with a tubular neck portion 19 arranged at its upper end via a cone-shaped joint 21.

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The invention is not intended to be limited to the a> exemplary embodiments set forth above, but is intended to be broadly construed within the scope defined by the claims set forth below in Section 30,

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Claims (11)

A method for drilling a hole in soil, comprising: 5. drilling a borehole in the soil, - at the same time as drilling, providing a protective tube (2) to open the borehole, - pulling the drill bit (1,3) out of the borehole through protective tube (2). at least a portion of the drill bit (1, 3) is arranged to pass along at least substantially the longitudinal slot (6) of the casing tube (2) when the drill bit (1,3) is pulled out of the drill hole. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the protective tube 15 (2) is applied by means of a wedge (9) after the drill bit (1, 3) has been pulled out of the drilling hole. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said longitudinal slot (6) of the protective tube (2) passes through the jacket 20 in the thickness direction thereof. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the slot (6) extends from the first end (7) of the tube (2) to the second end (8). δ, 25 Method according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the gap LT) ^ (6) is widened in connection with the first end (7) of the tube. X Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the slots (6) S are two. 00 § 30 O o <m Method according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the length of the protective tube is 30 cm - 15 m, 30 cm - 2 m, 50 cm - 150 cm, 2 m - 10 m or 2 m - 8 m. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slot (6) is open and has a width in the direction of the pipe circumference of 1 mm to 15 cm, 1 mm to 1 cm, 5 mm to 10 cm or 1 cm to 8 cm. Method according to one of Claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the wedge (9) is arranged in the slot (6) in the tube casing by punching or pressing. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the drill rod is substantially equal to the inside diameter of the protective tube (2). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the other end of the protective tube (2) there are fastening means for securing the tube 15 to the drilling device. δ {M tn o i CD X en CL 00 00 o CD O o {M