FI120751B - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Pump

The invention relates to a pump of the type described in the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a motor 5.

The invention relates to a type of pump having a reciprocating piston whose movement causes the suction and pumping of a liquid substance. It is very common to provide such pumps with the driving force required by the pumping 10 movement as a rotary motion through a drive shaft coupled to an energy generating motor or the like. In this case, the pump has a mechanism that converts the rotary motion into a reciprocating motion of the piston.

15 A number of mechanisms have been developed. One wish for the mechanisms is their simplicity and low space requirements. The more moving parts of the mechanism, the more susceptible to interference. Depending on the application of the pump, there is often a need to keep it small.

U.S. Patent 4,960,369 discloses a pump based on a piston-shaped cylindrical body rotated by a drive shaft having a hollow interior having a corrugated groove extending circumferentially of the inner wall. The drive shaft passed through the piston has a groove con-T; counteractors, and this mechanism converts the rotation movement of the drive shaft to a reciprocating motion of the piston. Pine ·: ··: ·; non-rotation is ensured by axial grooves on the outer surface of the piston which are in contact with guide pins on the inner wall of the pump chamber. Figure 4 of the publication also shows an alternative in which such an axial groove is replaced by a denser longitudinal corrugated groove made on the outer surface of the piston and. ** ·. goes circumferentially around the piston. Because this groove on the outside is denser in frequency than the groove on the inside, the piston ** also rotates during its reciprocating motion. Also in this alternative, the driving force for reciprocating motion of the piston is introduced into the piston inner member 35 by a mechanism. The publication discloses a pump in which a plurality of the pistons described above are disposed successively on the same drive shaft passed through an elongated pump chamber, wherein the suction and pumping openings are always in pairs between two pistons. This pump is designed to lift oil from under the ground and is characterized by a large overall depth.

A similar pump based on a corrugated groove in a piston is also disclosed in EP application 320171. Here, a mechanism is disclosed wherein a piston is disposed at both ends of the drive shaft, with the end of the drive shaft slidably disposed axially and a guide groove which causes reciprocal movement by the action of a guide pin on the inside wall of the cylinder.

It is an object of the invention to provide a pump with a simpler and more compact design as compared to pumps of the kind described above, which convert the rotary motion into a reciprocating motion of the piston by co-operation of the corrugated guide and counter element. To accomplish this purpose, the invention is essentially characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of the appended claim 1.

20

The rotating member, which receives the force required for rotation from an external power source, is then an annular structure disposed around the piston. The inner periphery of the annular structure and the outer piston • • ring have a mechanism formed by a corrugated guide and counter member which cooperatively converts the reciprocating motion into a reciprocating motion. There is no need to make any exits inside the piston to effect movement between the drive shaft: and the piston, since the movement is introduced through the annular structure surrounding the piston to the outer surface of the piston. All that needs to be provided between the piston and the pump body is a control-30 structure that prevents the piston from rotating with the movement of the annular member. Such axial guidance to the piston can be achieved by, for example, axial lines · · * · '· * fixed with respect to the pump chamber, for example by means of guide rods passed through the piston and fixed to the pump body.

· * ·: 35

I M

. ···. Certain preferred pump embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims. The counter member may be on the inner periphery of the annular member 3 and have a wavy guide on the outer periphery of the piston where it is easy to form. The corrugated guide may be, for example, a groove in which a guide pin acting as a counter member or the like is located.

5 If the outer circumference of the annular member is toothed, the drive force may be applied to the pump by means of a chain transmission or another gear wheel or the like which is engaged in engagement of the outer ring.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying silicon 10, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional view taken along line 1-1 of Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is an end view, and Fig. 3 is a top view of Fig. 1 pump with input channels and outlets.

The pump shown in Figure 1 has a pump chamber 1 having a piston 2 arranged reciprocating. The piston is surrounded by a ring 3 with an inner surface facing the outer surface of the piston. A guide 4 passes around the periphery of the piston and is wave-shaped so that the peaks and bottoms of the waves • t f | deviate alternately from the circumference to the reciprocating motion of the piston. ** / 25 directions. The waveform may be sinusoidal, but this is not a · · * “Y necessity. Inside the ring 3 there is correspondingly a counter member 5 cooperating with the guide 4 ·: · :: In addition, the reciprocal movement of the piston in the axial direction ··· is guided by straight guides 7 which are stationary with respect to the pumping chamber 1. In Figure 1, the guides jT: 30 are guide rods 7 passed through piston 2.

* ·· • · • · M ·. *. The principle of the piston is as follows: When the ring 3 performs a rotational movement about the piston • · * '·, the direction of which coincides with the piston outer circumference, the stop member 5 follows the same straight line 35 with respect to the corrugated guide 4. ·· *. rear piston 2 alternately to the right and to the left so that a reciprocating pumping motion is obtained. This is due to the fact that the distance (b) of the cylindrical piston front face (end face) 2b from the opposite end wall 1a of the cylindrical pumping chamber 1 is increased and decreased alternately. In principle, this can only effect pumping movement in one pump chamber 1. Since both end faces of the piston 5 perform a reciprocating motion on both sides of the integral piston 2, it is preferable to arrange a pump chamber 1 on both sides, as shown in Fig. 1. Thus, as the piston 2 moves in one direction, the volume of the pump chamber 1 on the other side decreases (pressure phase) and the volume of the pump chamber 1 on the opposite side increases (suction phase).

As shown, the guide 4 is formed by a corrugated groove on the outer surface of the piston 2. The counter piece 5, in turn, is a part of the ring 3 located inside the groove 4. To reduce friction 15, this part is preferably rotatable, and Figure 1 shows how it is a disk rotatably mounted inside the ring 3 with the axis of rotation radially relative to the piston. Such a rotating counter element, which utilizes rolling friction, may also be implemented by solutions known from ball bearings, i.e. the counter element 5 may also be spherical and the groove may be shaped to be spherical in cross-section.

• · · • · *

Fig. 1 further shows the annular grooves 2a on the peripheral surface of the piston 2, which are against the side walls of the pumping chambers 1. In addition, seals 3a are provided between the ring 3 and the pump body R, which are secured to the side walls of the ring 3 and seal the joint between the body R and the rotating ring 3 outside the body.

··· • »• · • * t

In Fig. 1, 30 are indicated by reference numeral 6 on the outer circumference of the ring 3, through which the force can be transmitted to the ring 3 pre: ** ·; using a chain or gear. The tooth 6 may also be formed in the same piece as the ring 3 is made.

• ♦ · * · *: The reference numeral 11 denotes fastening means by which the entire frame R can be fixed to a support structure so that it does not rotate with the rotation of the ring 3.

··· • »* · ··· 5

As shown in Fig. 1, the pump body R consists of two cup-shaped halves which are connected on opposite sides end to end to the side surface of the ring 3 with a clearance such that the ring 3 can rotate therebetween. These cup-shaped portions each form the respective pump chamber 1. The inner part, in which the piston 2 moves in its entirety, thus forms the cylindrical inner surfaces of the cup-like halves and the inner surface of the ring 3 therebetween. The body R is held together by means of rods 7 secured to the end walls of the cup-like halves so that their threaded ends are passed through the refinement of the corresponding end wall 10 and secured by nuts 10 shown in dashed lines. The rods 7 act on the same axial movement guides of the piston 4 as described above.

Figure 2 shows the pump of Figure 1 at the end. The structure is similar to that illustrated at the other end of the pump. The end wall has a square aperture 12 for securing the fastening member 11, but it can of course also have other shapes, and other fastening members, such as flanges made on the outer surface of the end wall or the like, can also be used. The figure further shows the openings 13 of the fluid 20 to be pumped, each in turn being a fluid inlet or outlet depending on the steps of the piston 4. The groove forming the guide 4 and the counter members 5 therein are indicated by dotted lines.

* · • · · • * · T | Figure 3 is a top view of the pump of Figures 1 and 2. Here is / / 25 a situation in which the respective openings 13 at each end are tightly connected to the respective fluid channel 15, 16. Each channel has a valve 14 which allows flow in only one direction, such as a non-return valve. The valves at each end (at each of the pump chambers 1) are aligned relative to each other: T: 30 so that their discharge direction is different. Thus, Figure 3 shows,. ·· *. how, in the stroke phase of the piston to the right in the right-hand valve pair, does the second valve 14 shut off the flow to the inlet 15 and the volume displaced by the piston 4 reaches the outlet 16 through the second '** "** valve 14 with discharge direction away from the pump chamber 35. The suction step, only from the valves 14 with the discharge direction from the inlet channel 15 to the chamber 1, allows flow (upper valve in Figure 3), flow 6 from outlet channel 16 being closed by the second valve (lower valve in Figure 3).

The invention is not limited to the above structural solutions, but may be varied within the scope of the inventive idea. For example, it is possible for the guide to be on the inner surface of the annular structure 3 and the retaining member on the outer surface of the piston 2, but since the guide must have sufficient amplitude in the axial direction of the piston. Preferably, the plunger guide 4 of Figure 1 has three full waves (i.e., six offsets in each direction) in one revolution, each piston end face 2b performing three complete cycles (suction + pressure phase) in one revolution of ring 3, but other solutions may be employed. The axial amplitude of the conductor 15 can provide the desired stroke length. Although Figure 1 illustrates a situation in which the stroke of the piston does not extend to the end wall 1a of the pump chamber 1 in its extreme position, it is also possible by dimensioning the axial length of the piston 2 and / or the amplitude of the guide 4. Gearing 6 is also not the only way of imparting rotary motion to the pump, but other means of transmission, such as belt transmission, for example, a V-belt, may also be used.

* * • · · • · · "* It is possible that in Figure 3 different sides are pumped at the same time! * / 25 different liquids through their own pumping chamber 1, but the liquid can also be the same with 15 channels from the same place and: l \} the outlet ducts 16 are connected in pairs to the same site on different sides of the pump to provide a double capacity, and there is also an arrangement for pumping material through a: T: 30 pump with a duct with a one-way valve whereby the piston 2 pumps. *. substance from one pump chamber to another, so that each ** *: pumping chamber need only be connected to one channel, one always acting as an inlet (flow-to-pump or 35 suction) channel and another to outlet (flow-out .1). pumping channel or pressure channel).

··· 7

The pump according to the invention is also advantageous in that, due to the symmetry of the structure and functions, the direction of rotation of the ring 3 does not matter, but the pump always operates in the same way regardless of the direction of rotation.

5

Preferably, there are two or more counter members 5 at even intervals (even angular spacing) on the periphery of the piston 2, for example three at 120 ° intervals, as shown in Figure 2.

10 The pump can also be used when installed in a vehicle, making it very small and lightweight. It can then get its power from the transmission of a moving vehicle. For example, when installed in a car, the pump may be configured to pump coolant.

15

The pump can also be used as a motor, powered by a fluid entering the chambers, which causes the piston 2 to move, which is transmitted in a rotating motion of the rotating member in the reverse order of use as the pump. The inlet and outlet ducts and the valves 20 are tracked as required for engine operation.

From the circumference of the annular member, the force can be withdrawn and transmitted, ..., by other known transmission arrangements.

The pump is suitable for pumping both liquid and gaseous media. The engine can be powered by both liquid and gaseous media, respectively.

♦ • · * ♦ M M M M M M M · «t t t t t t t t M M M M * • · · • ·· • · 1 • ♦ • · · «·

Claims (9)

A pump or motor comprising a reciprocating piston (2) reciprocally arranged in a pump chamber (1), a driven or respective driving rotating means relative to which the cowling is arranged non-rotatable, and between the rotating member and the cowling. two-part mechanism which is in motion-mediated contact with each other and which is adapted to convert in the pump case the movement of the rotating member to the movement of the piston (2) back and forth or in the motor case on the contrary and which parts are: 10. a road shaped a line (4) running on a concentric periphery with the axis of rotation, and a stop member (5) in contact with the line (4) such that in the pump case, the rotation movement about the axis of rotation is converted to the piston movement (2) back and forth in the direction of the axis of rotation; or in the engine case, on the contrary, characterized in that the rotating means is an annular structure (3) located around the piston (2) and on whose inner periphery it is located. the upper part of the mechanism (20) on the outer periphery of the piston (2), the second part of the mechanism is in a motion mediating and motion converting contact with the first part. • · «• · • ♦ # Pump or motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop means (5) is located on the inner periphery of the annular member: (3) and the road-shaped conduit (4) is located on the outer the periphery of: :: the piston (2). ··· Pump or motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the road-shaped conduit (4) is a latch. • · • · Pump or motor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (2) is double acting so that the two ends (2b) of the piston are in their own pump chambers (1). : 35 • * ♦ Pump or motor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that an inlet duct (15) and an outlet duct (16), which both comprise a valve (14) which permits a flow in a pump (1), continue to have into the pump chamber (1). direction. Pump or motor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the outer periphery of the annular member (3) there is a tooth (6) for transmitting a force into the member in the pump case or for transmitting a force. out of the body of the engine case. Pump or motor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of abutments (5) in the circumferential direction is two or more, preferably located at even angular spacing. Pump or motor according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cow (2) is arranged to be immobile relative to the rotational movement of the annular member (3) with lines (7) in the axial direction. Pump or motor according to claim 8, characterized in that the lines (7) in the axial direction have been passed through the pump chamber (s) (1) and the cow (2). • 1 2 3 · • · · • 1 * · · • • · • • • • a • · a • M «· S • t • · 1 • aa · 1 · · • a • · · • · · · ·· · • ·· • a · · ··· ··· · · · aaaa *** * · • 1 ··· · aaa • ♦ · 2 • · • · • · • »« • · ♦ • · 3 • · • · · ·