FI119018B - Heat Sealing Method - Google Patents

Heat Sealing Method Download PDF

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Publication number
FI119018B
FI119018B FI20031247A FI20031247A FI119018B FI 119018 B FI119018 B FI 119018B FI 20031247 A FI20031247 A FI 20031247A FI 20031247 A FI20031247 A FI 20031247A FI 119018 B FI119018 B FI 119018B
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
air
sealing
polymer
air stream
heated
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Application number
FI20031247A
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Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
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FI20031247A (en
FI20031247A0 (en
Inventor
Paeivi Maeaettae
Risto Vesanto
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Stora Enso Oyj
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Priority to FI20031247A priority Critical patent/FI119018B/en
Publication of FI20031247A0 publication Critical patent/FI20031247A0/en
Priority to PCT/FI2004/000506 priority patent/WO2005021243A1/en
Publication of FI20031247A publication Critical patent/FI20031247A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI119018B publication Critical patent/FI119018B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/60—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
    • B31B50/64—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by applying heat or pressure, e.g. by welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/001—Joining in special atmospheres
    • B29C66/0012—Joining in special atmospheres characterised by the type of environment
    • B29C66/0014—Gaseous environments
    • B29C66/00143—Active gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/001—Joining in special atmospheres
    • B29C66/0012—Joining in special atmospheres characterised by the type of environment
    • B29C66/0016—Liquid environments, i.e. the parts to be joined being submerged in a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2711/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2711/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B29K2711/123—Coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)

Description

119018119018

Kuumasaumausmenetelmä Tämän keksinnön kohteena on kuumasaumausmenetelmä, jossa sauman muodostava polymeerimateriaali sulatetaan tai pehmitetään puhallussuuttimen kautta sau-5 mauskohtaan puhalletulla kuumalla ilmavirralla.The present invention relates to a heat sealing process in which a sealing polymer material is melted or softened by a blowing hot air stream through a blow nozzle.

Kuumasaumaus on yleisesti käytetty tekniikka polymeerikalvojen sekä polymeeri-pinnoitteisten paperien ja kartonkien yhteenliittämiseen. Saumauksessa polymeeri sulatetaan lämmön avulla ja saumattavat pinnat saatetaan vastakkain, jolloin polymeeri jäähtyessään jähmettyy ja sitoo pinnat tiiviisti toinen toisiinsa. Kuumasauma-10 usta sovelletaan laajasti pakkaustekniikassa pussien, tölkkien, koteloiden ja rasioiden valmistukseen sekä suljentaan tuotteen pakkaamisen yhteydessä.Heat sealing is a commonly used technique for joining polymer films and polymer coated papers and board. In sealing, the polymer is melted by heat and the surfaces to be sealed are brought into contact, whereby, as the polymer cools, it solidifies and seals the surfaces together. The heat seal 10 is widely used in packaging technology for the manufacture of bags, cans, cases and cartons, and for sealing when packing the product.

Erilaisten kuumennettavien saumauselementtien ohella kuumasaumaukseen käytetään saumauskohtaan suunnattua, polymeerin sulattavaa tai pehmittävää kuumailmapuhallusta. Ilmavirran kuumentaminen voi tällöin tapahtua joko vastuskuumen-15 nuksella tai liekkikuumennuksella.In addition to the various heatable sealing elements, hot melt blasting or polymerizing hot air blasting to the sealing site is used for heat sealing. The heating of the air stream can then be effected either by heating resistance or by flame heating.

Tunnettua on myös polymeerien liekkisaumaus, jossa saumauslämmön tuottava liekki on suorassa kosketuksessa saumattavaan pintaan. Liekkisaumausta on kuvattu US patenttijulkaisussa 3783062, jossa on saumattu pääasiassa polyolefiineja ja jonka mukaan palamisessa syntyvä tai liekkiin lisätty vesihöyry voi edesauttaa saumau- • · • *·· 20 tumista. EP julkaisussa 529336 on kuvattu osaksi polyeteenistä ja osaksi polyesteri* ristä muodostuvan pinnan kuumasaumaus, jossa polyeteenipintaan on kohdistettu • · · : liekkisaumaus ja polyesteripintaan kuumailmapuhallus. Julkaisun mukaan liekki . [,, · hapettaisi polyesteripinnan j a turmelisi sen saumautuvuuden.Also known is flame sealing of polymers in which the flame producing heat of sealing is in direct contact with the sealable surface. Flame sealing is described in U.S. Patent No. 3783062, which is mainly welded with polyolefins and that water vapor generated during combustion or added to a flame can contribute to sealing. EP-A-529336 describes a heat sealing of a polyethylene and a polyester * surface, in which the polyethylene surface is subjected to a · · · flame seal and a hot air blast to the polyester surface. According to the publication, the flame. [,, · would oxidize the polyester surface and deteriorate its sealability.

• · ·· · • *.· US patenttijulkaisusta 4210480 tunnetaan polyeteeni- tai lakkapintaisen paperin ;***: 25 kuumasaumaus tulistetulla ylipaineisella höyryllä.U.S. Patent No. 4,210,480 is known from polyethylene or varnish coated paper; ***: 25 heat sealed with superheated superheated steam.

Esillä olevan keksinnön lähtökohtana on tuore havainto siitä, että samassa kuuma-saumauslämpötilassa liekkikuumennetulla ilmavirralla voidaan saavuttaa parempi • * · saumaustulos kuin vastuskuumennetulla ilmavirralla. Erityisen selvästi näin on lai- : !·. ta, kun kuumasaumattava polymeeri on polyesteriä, kuten esim. polyetyleeniteref- • * « "!.* 30 talaattia (PET). Keksijöiden mukaan ilmeisenä selityksenä liekkikuumennuksen pa- *·;·* remmuudelle on hiilivetypolttoaineesta palamisreaktiossa syntyvä vesihöyry, joka : * *.: palokaasuj en osana j outuu saumaukseen johdettavaan kuumailmavirtaukseen. Vesi- höyry lisää kuuman ilmavirran lämpösisältöä ja voi lisäksi vaikuttaa polymeeriin kemiallisesti tavalla, joka edistää kuumasaumautumista.The starting point of the present invention is the recent discovery that, at the same hot-sealing temperature, a flame-heated airflow can achieve a better * * · sealing result than a resistance-heated airflow. This is particularly clear:! ·. when the heat-sealable polymer is a polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). * 30 talates (PET). According to the inventors, the obvious explanation for the improved flame heating is the water vapor from the hydrocarbon fuel combustion reaction which: * *. Water vapor increases the heat content of the hot air stream and can additionally chemically influence the polymer in a manner that promotes heat sealing.

119018 2119018 2

Keksinnölle, joka on syntynyt mainittujen havaintojen pohjalta, on tunnusomaista se, että puhallussuuttimeen johdettavaan ilmavirtaan lisätään vettä kuuman sau-mausilman kosteuden kasvattamiseksi, ja että saumautuvana polymeerinä käytetään polyesteriä, kuten polyetyleeniterefitalaattia (PET).The invention resulting from the above observations is characterized in that water is added to the air flow to the blowing nozzle to increase the humidity of the hot fusion air and that a polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used as the sealing polymer.

5 Ilmavirran kuumentaminen voi keksinnössä tapahtua sinänsä tunnettuun tapaan joko vastuskuumennuksella, so. vastuksen kautta johdetulla sähkövirralla, tai liekkikuu-mennuksella polttamalla nestemäistä tai kaasumaista polttoainetta saumaukseen johdettavassa ilmavirrassa. Viimeksi mainitussa tapauksessa keksinnön mukaisella veden lisäämisellä saumausilman vesihöyrypitoisuus voidaan nostaa huomattavasti 10 korkeammaksi kuin mihin päästään pelkällä palamisen tuottamalla höyrylisäyksellä.The heating of the air stream in the invention can be carried out in a manner known per se, either by resistive heating, i. electric current conducted through a resistor, or flame heating by burning liquid or gaseous fuel in a flow of air to the seal. In the latter case, by adding water according to the invention, the water vapor content of the sealing air can be raised significantly higher than that obtained by the mere addition of combustion steam.

Kuumasaumausilma on tyypillisesti huoneilmaa tms. ympäristöstä otettua ilmaa, joka kuumennetaan ja puhalletaan saumauskohtaan. Huoneenlämpötilassa olevan ilman tai mahdollisesti sitä viileämmän ulkoilman vesihöyrypitoisuus on ilman suhteellisesta kosteudesta riippumatta varsin matala. Keksinnön mukaan saumaukseen 15 johdettavaan ilmavirtaan syötetään puhdasta vettä, joka syötön yhteydessä höyrystyy, tai puhdasta vesihöyryä. Höyryä on mahdollista lisätä ilmavirtaan jo ennen sen vastus- tai liekkikuumennusta, mutta parhaiten veden tai höyryn lisäys tapahtuu kuumennusvaiheen jälkeen, jolloin kuumennuksen johdosta ilmavirran suhteellinen kosteus on alhainen.Heat sealing air is typically air from the room or the like, which is heated and blown at the sealing point. The water vapor content of air at room temperature or possibly cooler outdoor air, regardless of the relative humidity of the air, is quite low. According to the invention, pure water, which is evaporated upon supply, or pure water vapor is supplied to the air flow to the seal 15. It is possible to add steam to the air stream even before its resistance or flame heating, but preferably water or steam is added after the heating step, whereby the relative humidity of the air stream due to heating is low.

20 Vettä tai höyryä lisätään ilmavirtaan mieluiten siten, että lisäyksen jälkeen ilmavir-:.t ran kosteus on ainakin noin 30 g/m3, mielellään välillä noin 50-250 g/m3. Ottaen * ]1 huomioon huoneilman sisältämän lähtökosteuden ja liekkikuumennuksessa fossiili- • § · ···! sesta tms. orgaanisesta polttoaineesta syntyvän kosteuden lisättävä kosteuden määrä on vastaavasti mainittuja kosteusarvoja hieman alempi, kuitenkin yleensä vähintään *: 1 1: 25 10 g/m3 saumaukseen menevästä ilmavirrasta laskettuna.The water or steam is preferably added to the air stream so that, after the addition, the air stream has a moisture content of at least about 30 g / m 3, preferably between about 50 g and m 3. Taking into account *] 1 the initial humidity in the room air and the fossil • § · ···! The moisture content of the organic fuel to be added shall be slightly lower than the above mentioned humidity values, however, usually at least *: 1 1: 25 calculated from the air flow to the sealing material of 10 g / m3.

• · · • 1 1• · · • 1 1

Vielä eräs tapa veden lisäämiseksi kuumaan saumausilmaan on käyttää liekkikuu- • · *···' mennuksessa polttoaineena puhdasta vetyä, jolloin palamisen tuloksena on puhdas vesihöyry, joka sekoittuu ilmavirtaan.Yet another way to add water to hot sealing air is to use pure hydrogen as a fuel in flame-drying, whereby the result of combustion is pure water vapor, which is mixed with the air stream.

• · • φ · • · · ,···. Kuumasaumauslämpötila riippuu kulloinkin saumattavan polymeerin pehmenemis- • · *;1 30 tai sulamislämpötilasta, joka vaihtelee. Polymeerin sulattamiseksi kuumasaumaus- ilman lämpötila säädetään jonkin verran polymeerin sulamispistettä korkeammaksi.• · • φ · • · ·, ···. The heat sealing temperature depends on the softening temperature or melting temperature of the polymer to be sealed. In order to melt the polymer, the temperature of the heat sealing air is slightly adjusted above the melting point of the polymer.

Yleisimmin käytetyn kuumasaumauspolymeerin, pientiheyspolyeteenin (LDPE), su- *. lamispiste on laadusta riippuen noin 100-120 °C, jolloin saumausilman lämpötila on * 1 · mieluiten yli 120 °C. Polyestereitä, kuten noin 250 °C:ssa sulavaa polyetyleenitere- :**: 35 ftalaattia, saumattaessa ilman lämpötila voi olla noin 250 °C, jopa noin 300 °C.The most commonly used heat seal polymer, low density polyethylene (LDPE), is a *. Depending on the quality, the melting point is about 100-120 ° C, where the sealing air temperature is * 1 ·, preferably above 120 ° C. When sealing polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate: **: 35 phthalate, melting at about 250 ° C, the air temperature can be from about 250 ° C to about 300 ° C.

119018 3119018 3

Keksinnön edullisia sovellutuskohteita ovat polymeeripinnoitteisesta paperista tai kartongista valmistettavat pussi-, rasia-, kotelo- ja tölkkipakkaukset. Pakkaus voidaan muodostaa polymeeripinnoitteista paperia tai kartonkia olevasta aihiosta taivuttamalla tai taittamalla ja saumaamalla aihion toisiaan vasten saatetut reunat kiin-5 ni toinen toisiinsa. Vastaavalla tavalla voidaan saumata aihion taitossa syntyneet laskokset pinnoitepolymeerin avulla kiinni pakkauksen seinämiin. Erityisen edullinen keksintö on valmistettaessa PET-pinnoitteisesta pakkauskartongista einespak-kauksina käytettäviä pakasterasioita tai uunivuokia, jotka kuumuutta kestävän PET-pinnoitteen ansiosta voidaan lämmittää 200-250 °C:n uunilämpötilassa tai mikro-10 aaltouunissa.Preferred embodiments of the invention are pouch, box, carton and can packaging made of polymer coated paper or cardboard. The package can be formed from a polymer coated paper or board blank by bending or folding and sealing the edges of the blank facing each other. Similarly, pleats formed in the folding of the blank can be sealed to the walls of the package by means of a coating polymer. A particularly preferred invention is the manufacture of freezer boxes or oven trays from PET-coated packaging board, which can be heated at 200-250 ° C or in a microwave oven by virtue of the heat-resistant PET coating.

Keksintöä selostetaan seuraavassa yksityiskohtaisemmin esimerkkien avulla viittaamalla oheisiin piirustuksiin, joissa kuvio 1 esittää erään keksinnön sovellutusmuodon mukaista polymeeripinnoittei-sen pakkauskartongin kuumasaumausta, jossa saumauskohtaan johdetta-15 va ilmavirta kuumennetaan vastuskuumennuksella, kuvio 2 esittää ilmavirran suuntausta saumauskohtaan leikkauksena II-II kuviosta 1, kuvio 3 esittää taitetun pakkauskartonkiaihion vastakkaisia reunoja saatettuina vastakkain ja saumattuina kiinni toinen toisiinsa, ja 20 kuvio 4 esittää kuviota 1 vastaten keksinnön erästä toista sovellutusmuotoa, jossa .;. saumaukseen j ohdettava ilmavirta kuumennetaan liekkikuumennuksella.The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: the opposite edges of the folded carton blank being juxtaposed and sealed to one another, and Figure 4 shows Figure 1 corresponding to another embodiment of the invention in which;. the air stream to the seam is heated by flame heating.

• ·· 1 • ♦ ·1.1·: Kuviot 1 ja 2 esittävät skemaattisesti ilmavirran kuumennusta, keksinnön mukaises- *:**: ti tapahtuvaa kostutusta sekä puhallusta kuumennusilmaksi polymeeripinnoitteella, ·1·1; kuten esim. polyesteripinnoitteella 1 varustetun pakkauskartongin 2 kuumasauma- • « .···, 25 ukseen. Ilma on kuumasaumaimen ympäristöstä otettua huoneilmaa, jonka lämpöti- • · la on esim. noin 25 °C ja suhteellinen kosteus esim. noin 50 %. Ilma imetään puhal- timella (ei esitetty) ilmakanavaan 3, jossa ilmavirta 4 kohtaa vastuskuumentimen 5, *· V joka sähkövirralla kuumentaa ilmavirran kuumasaumauslämpötilaan, joka on esim.Figures 1 and 2 schematically illustrate air flow heating, wetting according to the invention, and blowing to heating air with a polymer coating, 1 · 1; such as, for example, a heat seal of a packing carton 2 with a polyester coating 1 for 25 doors. The air is room air taken from the area around the heat seam, with a temperature of, for example, about 25 ° C and a relative humidity of, for example, about 50%. The air is drawn by a fan (not shown) into the air duct 3, where the air flow 4 meets a resistance heater 5, * · V which, with an electric current, heats the air stream to a heat sealing temperature, e.g.

··« noin 300 °C. Kuumentimen 5 jälkeen ilmakanavaan 3 on jäljestetty laite 6 veden 7 30 lisäämiseksi kanavassa 3 kulkevaan kuumennettuun ilmavirtaan. Kuvion 1 mukaan • · laite 6 toimii vastuskuumentimella 8, joka keittää veden höyryksi 9, joka sekoittuu *·;·1 kuumennettuun kuivaan ilmavirtaan kostuttaen sen sopivaksi kuumasaumausta var- *:· ten. Lisättävä vesimäärä tässä esimerkkitapauksessa on vähintään 20 g, mielellään noin 40-200 g/m3 kuumennettua saumausilmaa. Ilmakanava 3 päättyy puhallussuut-35 timeen 10, joka kuvioiden 1 ja 2 mukaisesti levittää kuumennetun ja kostutetun ilmavirran pitkänomaiselle saumausalueelle 11, jolla kuuma ilma sulattaa kartongilla 119018 4 2 olevan polymeeripinnoitteen 1. Välittömästi tämän jälkeen, polymeerin ollessa vielä sulaa, kartonki saatetaan yhteen sen pinnan kanssa, johon se saumaamalla tartutetaan. Mainitun vastapinnan voi muodostaa samanlainen polymeeripinnoitettu kartonki 2’, kuten on laita piirustusten kuviossa 3, tai mikä tahansa pinta, johon 5 pinnoitepolymeeri 1 sulatettuna kykenee saumautumaan. Kuvion 3 mukaisesti saumatut kartongit 2, 2’ voivat siten muodostua yhden ja saman kartonkisen pakkaus-aihion vastakkaisista reunaosista, jotka on aihion taitossa saatettu vastakkain niiden yhteensaumaamiseksi. Aihion kummankin reunan 2, 2’ pinnoitepolymeeri 1 voidaan tällöin sulattaa kuumalla kostutetulla ilmavirralla kuvioiden 1 ja 2 mukaisesti 10 ennen niiden kuvion 3 mukaista yhteensaattamista. Kuumasauma 11 muodostuu, kun polymeeri jäähtyessään jähmettyy niin, että vastakkaisten pintojen polymeeri-pinnoitteet tulevat saumauslinjalla 11 täydellisesti fuusioiduiksi toisiinsa.·· «about 300 ° C. After the heater 5, a device 6 for introducing water 7 30 into the heated air flow through the channel 3 is provided in the air duct 3. According to Fig. 1, the apparatus 6 operates with a resistance heater 8 which boils the water into a vapor 9 which is mixed with a heated dry air stream wetting it to a suitable heat seal. The amount of water to be added in this example case is at least 20 g, preferably about 40-200 g / m3 of heated sealing air. The air duct 3 terminates in blow nozzles 35, which, in accordance with Figures 1 and 2, apply a heated and moistened air stream to an elongate sealing area 11 whereby hot air melts the polymeric coating 1 of board 119018,42. to which it is gripped by seaming. Said counter surface may be formed by a similar polymer coated paperboard 2 'as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, or any surface on which the coating polymer 1, when melted, is capable of sealing. The cartons 2, 2 'seamed according to Fig. 3 may thus consist of opposite edge portions of one and the same carton, which are folded in the fold to fold them together. The coating polymer 1 on each of the edges 2, 2 'of the blank can then be melted with a hot wetted air stream according to Figures 1 and 2 before being joined together according to Figure 3. The heat seal 11 is formed when the polymer solidifies on cooling so that the polymeric coatings on the opposing surfaces are completely fused to one another by the sealing line 11.

Kuvion 4 mukainen keksinnön vaihtoehtoinen sovellutus eroaa edellä esitetystä siinä, että ilmavirran 4 kuumennus tapahtuu sähköisen kuumennusvastuksen asemesta 15 ilmakanavaan 3 asennetulla liekkikuumentimella 12. Kuumennin 12 polttaa polttoöljyä tai hiilivetypohjaista polttokaasua puhaltimen aikaansaamassa ilmavirrassa siten, että ilma kuumenee kuumasaumauksen vaatimaan lämpötilaan samalla kun pa-lamiskaasut, jotka ovat pääasiassa hiilen oksideja ja vesihöyryä, sekoittuvat ilmavirtaukseen. Näin kuumennetun ilmavirran kosteutta lisätään keksinnön mukaisesti 20 syöttämällä ilmavirtaan vesihöyryä 9. Lisättävä vesimäärä voi tässä tapauksessa olla vähintään 10 g, mielellään noin 30-200 g/m3 kuumennettua saumausilmaa. Kuviossa 4 nähdään veden syötön kuviosta 1 poikkeava vaihtoehtoinen toteutus, jossa pai-ί neistettu höyry valmistetaan ilmankanavan 3 ulkopuolella ja syötetään ilmavirtaan V kanavaan jäljestetyistä suuttimista 13. Muutoin kuvion 4 sovellutukseen pätee se, «M· : 25 mitä edellä on esitetty kuvioihin 1-3 liittyen.The alternative embodiment of the invention according to Figure 4 differs from the above in that the air stream 4 is heated by a flame heater 12 mounted in the air duct 3 instead of an electric heater resistor 15. which are mainly carbon oxides and water vapor are mixed with the air stream. The moisture of the air stream thus heated is increased in accordance with the invention by supplying water vapor 9 to the air stream. In this case, the amount of water to be added may be at least 10 g, preferably about 30-200 g / m 3 Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the water supply other than Figure 1, in which the pressurized steam is produced outside the air duct 3 and fed to the air stream V from the nozzles 13 followed by duct 13. Otherwise, the above applies to Figures 1-3. touching.

• '!• '!

Alan ammattimiehelle on selvää, että keksinnön sovellutukset eivät rajoitu edellä : esimerkkeinä esitettyihin vaan voivat vaihdella seuraavien patenttivaatimusten puit- teissä. Esim. veden lisääminen kuumennettuun ilmavirtaan voi tapahtua syöttämällä ilmavirtaan höyryä, joka on tuotettu kuumasaumauslaitteiston ulkopuolella, tai kos- 30 teaa ilmaa, jonka kosteus ylittää kuumennetun ilman kosteuden ja siten kasvattaa ;.V saumausilman kokonaiskosteutta.It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention are not limited to the exemplified but may vary within the scope of the following claims. For example, the addition of water to the heated air stream may be effected by supplying to the air stream steam generated outside the heat sealing apparatus, or moist air having a moisture content greater than that of the heated air, thereby increasing the total moisture of the sealing air.

• · • · M» • · ··» • · • · • Il • · · ··· 1 ·• · • · M »• · ··» • • • • • Il • · · ··· 1 ·

Claims (9)

1. Värmeforseglingsförfarande, varvid ett polymermaterial (1) som bildar fogen smälts eller uppmjukas genom att en het luftström (4) bläses genom en bläsdysa (10) mot fogpunkten (11), kännetecknat av att vatten (7, 9) tillfors tili luftström- 5 men (4) som leds tili bläsdysan (10) for att oka fuktigheten hos den heta förseg-lingsluften, och att som förseglande polymer (1) används polyester, säsom polyety-lentereftalat (PET).A heat sealing process, wherein a polymeric material (1) forming the joint is melted or softened by blowing a hot air stream (4) through a blow nozzle (10) toward the joint point (11), characterized in that water (7, 9) is supplied to the air stream. But (4) which is led into the blow nozzle (10) to increase the humidity of the hot sealing air, and that as the sealing polymer (1), polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used. 2. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att luftströmmen (4) upphettas med motständsupphettning (5). 102. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the air stream (4) is heated by resistance heating (5). 10 3. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 1, kännetecknat av att luftströmmen (4) upphettas med flamupphettning (12).Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the air stream (4) is heated by flame heating (12). 4. Förfarande enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att luften är inneluft, e.dyl. luft tagen frän omgivningen, som upphettas och bläses mot fogpunkten (11). 15Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air is indoor air, etc. air taken from the surroundings, which is heated and blown to the point of joint (11). 15 5. Förfarande enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att tili den upphettade luftströmmen (4) tillsätts vatten (7), som förängas, eller vattenänga (9).Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that water (7) which is extended or water vapor (9) is added to the heated air stream (4). 6. Förfarande enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att den heta förseglingsluftens (4) fuktighet efter vattentillsatsen är ätminstone 30 g/m , företrä- :·. desvis ätminstone 50 g/m . • 20Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the humidity of the hot sealing air (4) after the addition of water is at least 30 g / m, preferably: ·. i.e., at least 50 g / m 2. • 20 7. Förfarande enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att den heta förseglingsluftens (4) temperatur är ätminstone ca 250 °C, företrädesvis ca 300 °C.Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature of the hot sealing air (4) is at least about 250 ° C, preferably about 300 ° C. .. . 8. Förfarande enligt nägot av föregäende patentkrav, kännetecknat av att förfaran- * · φ : det används vid värmeförsegling av polymerbelagt papper eller kartong (2). * · • · • · «... Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the process is used for heat-sealing polymer-coated paper or cardboard (2). * · • 9. Förfarande enligt patentkrav 8, kännetecknat av att med förfarandet värmeför- 25 seglas ett ämne som vikts eller böjts som en behällare bestäende av polymerbelagd * 1 1 ,, ;.; kartong (2), vars kanter (2,2') har inrättats mot varandra för värmeförsegling. • S • · · • · • · · • · · ··· · • · · • · • · »·· Φ • · • · · • · · • · • · · • M • ·Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the process heat seals a substance which is folded or bent as a container consisting of polymer-coated polymer. carton (2), the edges of which (2,2 ') are arranged against each other for heat sealing. • S · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
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US3783062A (en) * 1972-01-27 1974-01-01 Cons Bathurst Ltd Method for flame bonding by use of high velocity,high temperature direct flame
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