FI114160B - Process and apparatus for separating vegetable oil from oily seeds by mechanical cold pressing - Google Patents

Description

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METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE SEPARATION OF VEGETABLE SEED FROM OIL SEED BY MECHANICAL

cold pressing

The invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to apparatus as defined in the preamble of claim 8.

Vegetable oil cold pressing methods and apparatus for separating oil from δ-10 germinated seeds are known, whereby the material to be pressed is cooled during the pressing step and after pressing, the oil is filtered / clarified to remove turbid solids from the oil in series. Without cooling during the compression step, the temperature of the oil and the residual compression flour would rise to temperatures above + 50 ° C, resulting in unfavorable changes in the composition of the oil and in the antioxidant content. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are particularly sensitive to overheating, which causes the oil's fatty acid composition to change so that the proportion of saturated fatty acids harmful to health is increased and so are the anti-oxidants. In addition, rising temperatures will reduce oil shelf life. Oily grits can be used as a raw material for animal feed, so its high quality is also very important. From DE

♦! · V: 4411499 Cl, DE 4109229 A1, US 4,357,865, US 4,467,713 and US 5,885,600, it is known that the material to be compressed is cooled during compression so that its temperature does not increase excessively. However, the problem remains that the removal of the cloudy solid particles remaining in the oil during compression, by • conventionally stopping the oil, takes a considerable amount of time, typically, e.g., eight weeks / 35 weeks.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages.

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In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for significantly accelerating oil filtration to a usable level, improving oil and compost shelf life while maintaining the original chemical composition and nutritional value of the oil.

The process according to the invention is characterized in what is set forth in claim 1.

The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in what is set forth in claim 8.

According to the invention, the method comprises forming a filtration layer on the bottom of the first clarification vessel of the clarification tank series from the residual flour produced during compression; and introducing the oil into the first clarification tank by flowing it through a filtration layer whereby the particles in the oil remain in the filtration layer and the oil clears.

Correspondingly, the apparatus 20 according to the invention includes a cold press; a cooling device for cooling the material to be compressed by a cold press during compression; a series of clarification tanks for filtering / clarifying the oil by removing turbid solids particles from the oil in which the clarifying tanks: include a first clarifying tank; and pipeline *; ·; for transferring oil from the cold press to the first clarification tank. According to the invention, the apparatus provides a means for cooling the clarification tanks. At least at the bottom of the first clarification tank is a ... 30 filtration layer of residual flour formed during compression. A pump is provided in the pipeline for pumping • 1 pu of oil, and the pipeline is arranged: to conduct oil at the bottom of the first clarification tank ·; ··; 35, so that the oil passes through the filtration layer.

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The method and the equipment provide much faster, well-preserved clear oil. The entire process, i.e., in addition to compression, also filtration / clarification, is carried out under cooling, and the 5 filtration / clarification is intensified and accelerated by utilizing a layer of residual meal at the bottom of the first container. By using the residual powder layer as a filter, no chemicals or other additives are required for filtration / clarification.

Preferably, the temperature of the material to be compressed is maintained at a temperature below + 40 ° C throughout the pressing step.

In one embodiment of the method, the press-weight is cooled by cooling the press.

In one embodiment of the method, compression and filtration / clarification are performed in a refrigerated cold state. Preferably, the cold room temperature is maintained below + 10 ° C.

In one embodiment of the process, the oil is compressed and filtered / clarified under anoxic conditions. Oxygen-free conditions in the press section and throughout clarification improve the quality and shelf life of the oil. Preferably, the oxygen-free conditions are formed by a shielding gas which prevents the oil from coming into contact with air at each stage.

fr 9::: In one embodiment of the apparatus, the cooling apparatus is arranged to keep the temperature of the material to be pressed at a temperature below + 40 ° C during pressing.

> »· 30 In one embodiment of the apparatus, the cold press is a screw extruder press comprising a frame. the sheath and the screw inside the sheath. The cooling ··· unit is arranged to cool the body shell ··· 'and / or the screw.

: 1: 1: 35 In one embodiment of the apparatus, the apparatus includes a collection device for receiving oil.

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from the cross. The refrigeration device is arranged to cool the collection device.

In one embodiment of the apparatus, the means for cooling the clarification tanks consist of a cold space in which the tanks are located.

In one embodiment of the apparatus, the entire apparatus is arranged in a refrigerated cold state. Preferably, the cold room temperature is below + 10 ° C.

In one embodiment of the apparatus, the apparatus 10 includes a shielding gas apparatus for treating the oil under anoxic conditions.

In one embodiment of the apparatus, the shielding apparatus includes a shielding gas tank from which the shielding gas is led to a collection device and a clarification tank.

In the following, the invention will be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, which schematically shows an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.

20 The equipment shown is for cold pressed seed oil. The apparatus described is designed for cold pressing of seed oil from flax seed (rye-barley; Camelina Sativa), but is generally suitable for cold pressing of oil from any · ... · 25 01 high-content seeds such as flax, hemp, etc.

for cold pressing of seeds. Cold flax (Camelina: Sativa) seed oil contains more than half of the total fatty acids in cold-pressed oil. The oil contains 40% of the omega-3 group ► t ·, * ··. 30 alpha alinolenic acids and 15% omega-6 * * linoleic acid. These fatty acids are known. help lower blood LDL cholesterol and promote cardiovascular health. The ··· method of the invention helps to maintain the oil fatty acid composition in substantially original form.

All components are refrigerated. in a cold room 12, the temperature of which is kept below »· 11416 at 5 + 10 ° C. Cooling the entire compression chamber ensures that the oil temperature does not rise above + 40 ° C.

The apparatus includes a cold press 1. The cold wood 5 cross 1 may be a commercially available oilseed screw extruder type press (e.g., Nemes Vamos, Hungary) having a body skirt 3 and a screw 4 rotating about its longitudinal axis within the body shell. The seeds are fed into the press continuously 10 through the seed hopper 15 through the hopper 16. The screw 4 is rotated by an electric motor 17 via a reduction gear 18. For cooling during pressing, the press 1 is provided with a cooling device 2 which cools the press housing 3 and / or 15 screws 4. The cooling device 2 can be, for example, any suitable cooler using a known cold process. The cooling device 2 is arranged to maintain the temperature of the material to be compressed during compression at about + 20 ° C so that there is no substantial change in the fatty acid composition 20 or in the nutritional value of the oil. At the same time, excessive heating of the grain is prevented. The compression residue, i.e. the grit, discharged from the end of the press 1 is collected in a container.

The collecting funnel 5, also cooled by the cooling apparatus 2, receives oil from the press:> 1: 1.

- | 1j The equipment includes a series of clarification tanks, 6, 7, 8 for filtering / clarifying the oil, ···, racket-containing solids particles oiled. At the bottom of the first clarification tank 6 is a filtration layer 9 of residual grit formed during compression. By pump 11, the oil is pumped down the pipeline '' 10 from the oil collection device 5 to a filtration layer 9 or .V on the bottom of the first clarification tank 6. 35 so that the oil passes through the filtration • times. through 9, leaving the solids particles • · · I 1 '• · 1 • ·

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6 to the filtration layer 9. The pump yield is preferably the same as that of the press.

Further, the apparatus includes a shielding gas apparatus 13, whereby the oil production process is protected by 5 food shielding gases, such as carbon dioxide, argon or the like, so that the oil never comes into contact with oxygen in the air. Throughout the clarification process, the oil surface is in contact with the shielding gas, leaving the oil in an anoxic state.

10 From the shielding gas reservoir 14, the shielding gas is introduced into the collecting funnel 5 and the clarification tanks 6, 7, 8.

The precipitate is removed weekly through the drain opening at the bottom of the clarification tank 6, 7, 8. The last container 8 no longer forms a clear precipitate on the bottom 15. From this tank 8, the oil is pumped into a large storage tank where it is completely clear and ready for use. Throughout the clarification process, the oil surface is in contact with the shielding gas, leaving the oil in an anoxic state.

20 Oil is completely clear and usable after 2 weeks of pressing.

The invention is not limited to the above embodiments only, but many modifications are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims.

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Claims (16)

1. A process for separating vegetable oil from oil seeds by a mechanical cold pressing, in which mold is formed and residue crusher, in which process the material to be pressed is cooled during the pressing stage, and after pressing it is filtered / clarified to from particles removed from suspended matter which cause turbidity during cooling in a series of clearing vessels, it may be noted that - on the bottom of a first clearing vessel in the series of clearing vessels a filter layer is formed of residual crusher formed in connection with the pressing into a first clearing container by causing it to flow through the filter layer, leaving particles in the filter layer in the filter layer and clearing. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the material to be pressed is kept below + 40 ° C during the pressing stage. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material to be pressed is cooled by cooling the press. 25 Method according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that both the pressing and the filtration / clearing are carried out in a cooled: cooling space. The method according to claim 4, characterized in - jV. 30, the temperature of the cooling compartment. poured below + 10 ° C. 6. A process according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that it is pressed and filtered / cleared under oxygen-free conditions. 35 7. A process according to claim 6, characterized in that the oxygen-free conditions are formed with protective gas. 114 loi Apparatus for separating vegetable oil from oily seeds by mechanical cold pressing, to which apparatus a cold press (1) belongs; a cooling device (2) for cooling the material to be pressed with the cold press during pressing; a series of clearing containers (6, 7, 8) for filtering / clearing of irons by removing from particles non-suspended matter causing turbidity, to which clearing containers belong to a first clearing container 10 (6); and a conduit (10) for conducting nozzle from the cold press to the first clearing container, characterized in that the apparatus includes means (12) for cooling the clearing containers (6, 7, 8); that a filter layer (9) of residual crusher formed in connection with the pressing is arranged at least on the bottom of the first clearing container (6); a pump (11) for pumping the oil is arranged in the pipe line (10); and that the conduit (10) is arranged to direct oil into the filter layer (9) on the bottom of the first clearing vessel (6) or in the vicinity thereof so that the oil passes through the filter layer. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the cooling device (2) is arranged to keep the material to be pressed temperature below + 40 ° C during the pressing. 10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the cold press (1) extends, ···. is made by a screw extruder press belonging to a housing sheath (3) and a screw (4) located within the housing sheath; and that the cooling device (2) is arranged to cool the housing jacket and / or the screw. • · 11. Apparatus according to any of claims 8-10, characterized in that the apparatus includes a collecting device (5) for receiving the oil from the press (1), and that the cooling device (2) is arranged to cool. the collecting device (5). • »t 11416C Apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the means (12) for cooling the clearing containers (6, 7, 8) comprise the cooled cooling space (12) in which the containers are placed. Apparatus according to any of claims 8-12, characterized in that the entire apparatus is arranged in the cooled cooling compartment (12). 14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the temperature of the cooling compartment (12) is below + 10 ° C. Apparatus according to any one of claims 8-14, characterized in that the apparatus includes a protective gas apparatus (13) for treating non-oxygen under conditions. 16. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the protective gas apparatus (13) includes a protective gas container (14) from which the protective gas is directed to the collecting device (5) and the clarifying containers (6, 7, 8). • 1 • · • · · • • • • • • · · t · • · a i i