FI113076B - collaboration Construction - Google Patents

Description

113076

The present invention relates to a composite structure in which at least an essential part comprises 5 basic elements made of wood. Other parts of the composite structure may also be made of wood, but also, for example, of metal or other suitable material.

The use of wood as a structural element has largely been the use of lumber and / or laminated beams or laminated beams of glue. Plywood is almost the only exception to the sophisticated form of wood, and for its strength it is well suited for structural applications requiring strength and lightness.

It is typical for composite structures that the bending resistance is provided such that the lower 15 and the upper layers are held together by a so-called. zero axis disposed on or around the waist and then placed in another light construction, which prevents at least in part, the structure of the compression side buckled.

The prior patent application of this Applicant discloses a wood corrugated board and its use, in particular for the stepping sound reduction of buildings. Surprisingly, corrugated wood is very well suited for the manufacture of a composite wood element, • i, ·. : which is still preferably thermally insulated.

Because people want the wood surface to be visible, and at the same time the structure is what they want * *. 25 to minimize the amount of interior space, the structure has now been developed • · · “·; those where all the features can be fitted into a single tile structure.

• · · These shades can be used to make the base, walls and top of a building, as well as the roof structure.

30 One of the essential ideas of the invention is that for tension or bending. the susceptible part of the composite structure is joined to the compression receiving part 11 ». L such that the bonding gap consists of corrugated thin wood portions which are transverse * · · in the transverse position between the lower and upper panel and whose waveguides can be ♦ ♦ bonded together to provide, with a lightweight design, a maximum 2 113076 buckling force. Further, the spaces between the corrugated sheets transversely between the bottom and the top panel allow easy installation of thermal insulation in said gap space. Further, when a high bending capacity is desired (roof structure), it is advantageous and aesthetic to glue inside the tensile plate, under a wooden structure, a tensile metal sheet, steel or aluminum sheet or fiberglass layer or tensile polymer fabric or other tensile strength structure.

The foregoing and other advantages and advantages of the invention are provided as set forth in the appended claims.

Some embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which; Figure 1 shows the structure of a basic element of the invention;

Figure 2 illustrates the use of a basic element of the invention as part of a roof structure; Figure 3 shows the structure of Figure 2 as seen from another direction; and 20 «

Figure 4 illustrates the use of a basic element of the invention as part of a floor construction.

Fig. 1 shows how the basic element according to the invention consists of sheet-like parts 1 and thin-material corrugated parts 2 and 3 between them, which are glued to each other in the direction of the waves of the waves. Similarly, the waves brushes facing the plates 1 are glued to the plates 1. This structure, of the desired width, is still glued to the top and bottom plates 5 in the direction of paper> · 'shown in Fig. 2, for example shown in Fig. 2. denoted by reference numeral 4. The space between the panels 5 is preferably filled with: thermal insulation.

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Figures 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the invention in which the basic element is connected to a structure 6-8 acting as a surface pressing plate to form a well ventilated roof structure 113076 3. The surface pressing plate consists of two plate parts 6 and 7 and a corrugated part 8 between them, which is oriented in such a way as to allow air flow in the roof structure from the eaves towards the ridge, thus ensuring a well ventilated roof structure.

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Figures 2 and 3 show how a tensile strength plate-like portion 9 is attached to the underside of the base element, resulting in a very durable, well-formed and space-saving roof structure. The surface pressing plate 6-8 may be made longer than the base element, whereby it will suitably form a gutter structure 10 bearing a snow load 10. The roof structure is conventionally connected to the wall structure 11.

Figure 4 shows an alternative to a floor structure. In this embodiment, the basic element is located between the other two elements. In fact, the floor-15 structure may consist of an overall structure that is somewhat identical to the roof structure and is now in a 180 degree pivoted position.

A special feature is that the corrugated part 8 is in particular a steel plate or the like and that the channels 12 and 20 13 formed by it with the plates 6 and 7 are used as a heat exchanger so that one of the channels, e.g. air from the inside of the building and another to bring fresh air in. • · «· • ·%. such that heat exchange takes place between the air flows through the plate 8. Channels 12 • · | and 13 are naturally isolated from each other to keep the air flows separate.

> · ·,; Below the plate 7 is preferably a thermal insulation.

* · * ··! 25 li «· 1 ·. The upper assembly formed by the plates 6 ', 7' and the corrugated intermediate portion 8 'are disposed in the structure to, for example, eliminate step sounds, but the base element may instead be provided with a suitable surface material, for example.

<«1, · I ·, 30 Variants of the same structure can be used to make the whole building. The final coatings for ceilings, walls and floor wear can be glued to the element if desired at the factory.

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The metal plate is used primarily rely on the receiving part, may advantageously be used behind the inner side panels of the heating resistor, which is passed to produce heat, low voltage.

5 Adhesive technology and adhesives have become so advanced in recent times that bonding wood structures or essentially wood and other materials has become a reliable and robust method of attachment compared to nailing and screwing. The weakness of the nailing and screw connection is that they give the structure a point load, the adhesive spreads the load over a wide area. Many adhesives are also durable today and can be protected against mold, for example. Therefore, according to the invention, adhesive is specifically used as a fastening material for various components.

The roof structure is one of the most demanding parts of the building, but it should still be 15 while preserving the interior. The structure of the present invention is suitable for this use as a variant in which the top panel is another composite structure in which the corrugated wood panel in between passes from the ridge to the eaves, while providing a vent and a robust structure. Especially this is well suited for a roof structure that is naturally very heavy (brick) or difficult to ventilate-20 va (sheet metal roof).

The corrugated wood parts used in the structure according to the invention may be made of wood chips, shingles, thin cuts or turned veneer. Making is • simple and quick and can be done in principle in two different ways »25; Alternatively, the woodcut or veneer is corrugated wet and dried or wet-glued to the partitions of the element and the ridges adhere to each other.

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• · '·; · * In another form, the waves can be made by gluing them together so that they automatically hold their shape and then glue them to the partitions and: bottom and lid of the element. Before attaching the lid, the element can preferably be filled with thermal insulation. A very preferred thermal insulation material is cellulose wool.

: ··: Polyurethane can also be used, as well as any pourable powdered material such as wood bark powder, vermiculite, etc. There is virtually no limit to the type of insulation.

Forming the basic element by gluing requires first blowing or otherwise installing the thermal insulation and then cleaning the thermal insulation material off the surfaces to be glued.

This is best accomplished according to the invention by first pressing a small amount of insulating material between the corrugated sheets, for example by means of an air cushion, and then scraping the surfaces clean with a blade, thereby calibrating the constant height of all surfaces to be glued. Scraping can be accomplished by a device similar to a planer blade, which is rotatable and provided with a slight air intake. The same can be achieved with a rotary abrasive device and the sucked-up chips and chips and the subsequent pulp can be reused as heat insulation.

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The corrugated sheet or veneer slabs to be inserted into the element can either be individually glued to their shape, or they can be bent in place by means of a bending device and glued to each other and the outer edges of the element and removed from the cured structure to retain the desired corrugated spacer shape.

20 *: The structure of Figure 4 according to the invention is both a support structure, a panel element and a heat exchanger, as well as a radon gas protection for the building. The same structure of Fig. 4, equipped with a corrugated metal heat exchanger, can: · of course also be used as a roof heat exchanger. Supply air from each of the other ducts can be supplied preheated to the room, preferably via a radiator. Since the heat transfer surface is quite large compared to the heat transfer surface of conventional air conditioners, the structure achieves, among other advantages, a high heat transfer efficiency.

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* · »* * * · '*: 30 The heat transfer properties can be illustrated, for example, by the following theoretical calculation. If this solution is used in a 100 m2 house, the heat transfer area is approximately 70% of the floor area of the house, depending on the natural height of the wave. The effective surface area, taking into account the flow conditions, is about 60% of the previous one, or 60m2.

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Using 25 W / m2 ° C as the heat transfer coefficient for slow air flow, the heat transfer coefficient is 60 x 11 = 660 W / ° C. The exhaust air will flow upstream at 20 ° C in the ducts eg 250 m3 x 3 times / h = 750 m3 / h: => Q = 750 x 1.25 x 0.105 (20-5) / 3600 = 4.1 kW / 660 W / ° C = DT = 6.2 ° C, of which 5 is iterated again with a new heat amount, the temperature difference is finally about 5 ° C, and the overall heat transfer efficiency is about 75%. Applying the same design to the top and including the heat that would have been removed from the structure by conduction results in an overall efficiency of more than 90%.

The structures described above provide an efficient and inexpensive, lightweight yet robust structure. The structure can be modified in many ways while still remaining within the scope of the inventive idea and the appended claims.

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Claims (9)

A composite structure consisting of sheet-like structural members and corrugated structural members binding thereto, characterized in that the structure consists of a base element having substantially transverse corrugated wood veneer or similar elements (2, 3) between the panel members (1) and attached to the base element. an additional element (6-8, 9) for compression or tension. Composite structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the base member 10 forms two wave elements (2, 3) glued to one another from the wave ridges facing each other, which are further glued to the said plates (1) from the wave ridges towards the plate members (1), the panels (5) being further affixed to the top and bottom sides of said assembly. Composite structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary element consists of two plate parts (6, 7) and a corrugated plate part (8) disposed therebetween, which is fixed to the plate parts (6, 7) by gluing the waves. Composite structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the additional element 20 comprises a high tensile strength plate (9), such as a steel plate. IM The composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, when used as a roof structure, it comprises a base element and an additional, • • compressive, additional element formed by two plate parts (6, 7) and their * '· »· * ··· * 25 corrugated plate portion (8), and also a lower tensile * · '· * · * reinforcing element underneath the base element consisting of a steel plate (9). * * »» I t The composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the additional part (6, * 7, 8) has a larger dimension than the basic element in order to form the eaves (10) in the roof frame. • · ·. * ·! A composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, when used as a floor structure, it comprises a basic element and an additional 113076 element below it, which consists of two panel members (6, 7) and a corrugated panel member (8) therebetween. , wherein at least the lower plate portion (7) and the corrugated plate portion (8) are steel plates. 7 113076 Composite structure according to Claim 7, characterized in that the corrugated plate part (8) divides the plates (6, 7) into insulated channels which are in heat transfer communication with one another through the corrugated plate part (8) for use, for example, as a heat exchanger. A joint structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all joints between the component parts of the elements are made by gluing. »» · * 1 · »* 1 · * • • * * • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 I * t • (1. · 1 · «· • · 9 113076