FI113032B - A method of constructing a large deck, such as a passenger ship or similar, which is large, especially at sea - Google Patents

Description

113032

MULTI-COVERED, LARGE, MARINE-USED

METHOD OF BUILDING A PASSENGER SHIP OR SIMILAR STRUCTURE - FÖRFARANDE FÖR BYGGANDE AV EN ETT FLERTAL DÄCK 5

The invention relates to a method of constructing a large deck, such as 10 passenger ships or the like, as described in the preamble of claim 1, which is large, especially for use at sea. In the following, the invention will be described primarily as a method for constructing a passenger ship, but it will be appreciated that the same principles can advantageously be applied to other similar large multi-deck structures such as off-shore, floating hotel and car / passenger ferry.

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Decorating a large passenger ship is a very demanding job. The amount of work involved can be in the order of one million working hours and the total number of employees involved in interior decoration work is approximately one thousand. Large quantities must be brought on board •; ; cabins or cabin elements, furniture, technical equipment and miscellaneous: 20 building materials. Transferring all these parts, equipment and assemblies to the ship takes several months and requires sophisticated logistics.

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so that the equipment can be brought on board in the right order and without the imported items being an obstacle to the following items. A large passenger ship is rambling and delivering cargo to different ship ... It is difficult for 25 decks, which can have up to a dozen, if only the normal * »I · routes of the ship are available. One known way to facilitate transport is to open one or more transport openings to the side of the ship

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transportations take place. However, such a transport opening is not very substantial! · T Reduce transportation problems by opening the road to only a few decks, • · i; 30 transport routes are still quite cumbersome.

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It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above drawbacks and to provide a construction method which can be effectively carried out by simple means. This object is mainly achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of claim 1.

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The invention is based on the idea that large passenger ships have to open up easily accessible transport routes directly to different decks for interior decoration work. By dividing the ship under construction into two or more parts so that they are spaced apart, an intermediate space may be provided between them to carry the furnishings 10 to the ship. This opens up numerous easy-to-use direct routes to the ship's interior. Through the bulkhead, any type of cargo can be effectively transferred to the ship's parts on either side of the bulkhead. The intermediate space provides direct access to all decks on the ship, which significantly shortens transport routes. It is only after the completion of the 15 removals resulting from the interior decoration, or at the end of the removals, that the parts of the ship are joined into a floating unit.

If the structure to be manufactured is a ship or a ship-shaped assembly, it is: advantageous that the structure is divided so that the parts of the structure are spaced apart:,: 20 apart in the longitudinal direction of the structure. If, on the other hand, the structure is an offshore assembly with no clear longitudinal orientation, the division must be made on the basis of the overall design of the structure i · · * ... * and the need for interior design.

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'·' The joining of separate parts of a structure, e.g., a ship, can be done by moving one part to another and securing the parts securely to each other by welding. The moving of a ship weighing thousands of tons at 5 ... 10 m · 'takes about an hour. If this method of coupling is used, it is advantageous for the ship to be divided into sections of varying size such that the part to be moved is substantially lighter than the part which remains in place. In this case, the transfer work * «

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: 30 is easier to complete. If it is desired to avoid transferring very heavy * t assemblies horizontally, the assembly of the spaced-apart 3113032 parts can be accomplished by installing a suitable block or other similar component to connect the parts. Preferably, the block may be a block extending across the entire width of the ship. Alternatively, the ship may be subdivided with a fixed connecting part in the middle and leaving two areas, e.g. 5 5 x 5 m, open on its sides, both of which are used as intermediate spaces according to the invention.

Combining the spaced apart parts with a block to be mounted in the intermediate space is best accomplished by making the intermediate space and the corresponding block slightly wedge-shaped in the direction of installation of the block. With a wedge shape of about 10 mm for every 10 meters, this makes it much easier to position the block in the correct position.

In the intermediate space according to the invention, a transport and transfer system can be provided, which has e.g. lifting planes which move in the vertical direction, by means of which the goods can be brought to different decks. If, for some reason, it is not possible to provide an intermediate space 15 large enough to accommodate the lifting system, the lifting system may be constructed so that its lifting equipment is outside the entity being constructed in the immediate proximity of the intermediate space. This solution also has an advantageous effect on shortening the routes.

2o: In the transfer system of the invention, it is advisable to use at least one plane, preferably movable to different heights, which extends or can be moved so close to each of the two spaced apart portions that the plane can act as a bridge between the parts. Transportation can then also be made from one part to another by utilizing the> I · paths thus formed between the parts.

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Depending on the size and structure of the transport system, the I ·! ' system to achieve very simple solutions. If the reach of the lifting planes i i ·: 30 in the width and longitudinal direction of the intermediate space is sufficiently large, it is sufficient that the lifting system has only one main direction of motion, that is, • I »4 11303? the lifting system works like a lift. If the unit to be built is very wide, horizontal movements may also be required, but even then the lifting system has only two main directions of movement. In general, it is possible to dimension the conveyor system and the intermediate space so that displacements in one direction from one side of the intermediate space to the other side of the intermediate space are not or only rarely required.

If the system according to the invention uses a lifting system having at least two lifting planes at different heights, the lifting planes 10 can easily be arranged such that the vertical distance between them corresponds to one or more deck intervals of the structure. By using two lifting platforms simultaneously to move goods in this way, the capacity of the transfer system can be increased. One lifting platform may be suitable for passenger transport and the other may be simpler only for freight transport. Another way to increase the capacity of the transport system 15 is to provide auxiliary platforms in or near the intermediate space, to which goods may be brought, irrespective of the working stages of the transport system, and from which the transport system may pick up goods in motion.

: 20 The simplest way of providing a suitable intermediate lifting system is to: · install a tower crane with at least one of the various decks on the structure. · Height-adjustable lifting platform. A tower crane can be located on a construction site, for example * * · '. a commonly used model, where only the dimensions and shape of the lifting platforms may have been slightly modified.

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The method according to the invention can also be applied in the following: · [The transport system uses a robotic crane equipped with devices for automatically moving address labeled cargo units to the desired cover of the structure. Hereby, the transfer operation may be at least partially automated by placing the goods to be moved in boxes or other transport units bearing ** '* the necessary address markings to control the robot transfer operation.

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The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 schematically illustrates the application of the invention to a ship divided into two sections 5, Figure 2 schematically illustrates the application

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In the drawing, 1 denotes the hull of a ship, which in Fig. 1 is divided into a lighter front part 1a and a heavier rear part 1b. Between these parts is an intermediate space 2, in which the Tower Crane 3 moves over the rails 4. The crane 3 has one or more transport planes 5. As can be seen from Figure 1, the crane 5 can act as a connecting bridge between the sections 1a and 1b 15.

Once the items necessary for furnishing the parts 1a and 1b have been brought on board, the ship can be closed into a floating assembly either by moving the lighter front 1a on suitable supports (not shown) • ♦ # ·: T: 20 to 1b, parts 1a and 1b are welded together. An alternative way of connecting the parts 1a and 1b is to insert into the intermediate space 2 a block built into the parts 1a • * · and 1b which is brought into the intermediate space either by cranes from above or by a transfer system from the side. In order for the block to fit into the intermediate space easily ♦ * · · * · * *, the block must be slightly wedge-shaped in the direction of travel. Of course, the spacer 25 must of course have a similar wedge shape.

According to Fig. 2, the hull 1 of the ship is constructed in a building basin 6 which is surrounded by a hall structure 7. The floor level 8 of the hall is considerably higher than the building area 6. The hull 1 has a large number of decks 9 • · i: ··: 30 and all these decks have to be brought with the necessities of furnishing the ship.

> »·· * 'The goods are brought in as shown by the tower crane shown in the two 6 113032 different working positions 3a and 3b. The crane at workstation 3b shows, by way of example, how two crane levels 5a and 5b can be mounted on the crane, e.g., so that the upper level 5a is suitable for passenger transport, while the lower level 5b is a simple pallet that can only be used for freight. The plane 5b is suspended on the plane 5a by flexible members, e.g. chains 10, whereby the lower plane does not prevent the upper plane being moved close to the bottom plane of the ship. The distance h between the lifting planes 5a and 5b is the same as the distance between the decks 9. There may also be two tower cranes, preferably arranged so that cargo can be brought to one crane on one side of the vessel and 10 to another crane on the other side of the vessel.

In the embodiment of Figure 3, the hull 1 of the ship is only partially divided into two spaced apart portions such that there is a space 2a and 2b on each side of the ship, between which is a fixed portion 1c of the hull. The dimensioning of the intermediate space 2a or 2b 15 can be e.g. about 4 m in the longitudinal direction of the ship and 6 m in the transverse direction of the ship. In the figure, only the tower crane 3 and its lifting platform 5 are drawn in the second intermediate space 2a. A similar crane can be placed in the intermediate space 2b. In the final stage of the interior work, the cranes are removed and the blocks 2a and 2b are fitted with blocks from the side or with the crane from above so that the frame 1 * »<»::: 20 becomes an integral unit.

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The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown, but many variations thereof are conceivable within the scope of the appended claims.

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Claims (10)

A method of constructing a large deck, especially at sea, such as 5 passenger ships or the like, which is manufactured at a shipbuilding site, e.g. a building basin (6), characterized in that at least one intermediate space (2,2a, 2b) dividing the structure at least partially into at least two parts (1a, 1b), 10. providing a transfer system for transferring parts, devices and assemblies necessary for interior and furnishing to the desired covers (9) of the structure (1) through an intermediate space (2,2a, 2b); the at least partially separated portions of the structure (1a, 1b) are joined together to form a complete unit during or after the completion of the 15 transport work required for interior decoration and furnishing. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the partitioning of the structure (1) into at least two separate parts (1a, 1b) is carried out such that j; : the parts are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the structure. I t f>: T; 20 Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the partitioning of the structure (1) into at least two separate parts (1a, 1b) is carried out such that one of the two parts to be joined together has the weight "" "of the other. much lighter. 25 * * * <· '! Method according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the joining of the separated parts (1a, 1b) of the structure (1) is carried out by moving one part to the other part and securing the parts to each other, for example by welding. :! 30 8 113032 Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the joining of the at least partially separated portions (1a, 1b) of the structure (1) is accomplished by installing the block or the like in the intermediate space (2,2a, 2b). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transfer system utilizes at least one plane (5.5a, 5b) movable to different heights, which preferably moves in the intermediate space (2,2a, 2b) and preferably extends or can be moved so close to each other. at least partially separated portions (1a, 1b) so that the plane can act as a bridge between the parts. 10 Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transfer system utilizes a plane system having up to two main reciprocating directions, the main directions of which are parallel to the dividing plane comprising the intermediate space (2,2a, 2b) of the structure (1). 15 7 11303? A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission system uses a plane system having at least two planes (5a, 5b), the planes of which have a vertical distance (h) corresponding to structure i:; one or more deck spaces. : Y; 20 Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission system in the intermediate space (2,2a, 2b) of the structure (1) employs a *. *. * Tower crane (3,3a, 3b) having at least one structure (1). adjustable height (5,5a, 5b) for the various decks (9) '· *'. 25 Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport system in the intermediate space (2,2a, 2b) of the structure (1) employs an 'I I' / robot crane having a system for automatically moving address labeled items to the desired structure (1). to the decks'! 30 (9). 9 113032