FI102733B - cyclone - Google Patents
cyclone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI102733B FI102733B FI915246A FI915246A FI102733B FI 102733 B FI102733 B FI 102733B FI 915246 A FI915246 A FI 915246A FI 915246 A FI915246 A FI 915246A FI 102733 B FI102733 B FI 102733B
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- particle
- fraction
- solid particles
- tube
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWSQKOKULIALEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[2-(piperidin-3-ylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]imidazol-4-yl]acetonitrile Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=1N(C(=CN=1)CC#N)C1=NC(=NC=C1)NC1CNCCC1)C(F)(F)F BWSQKOKULIALEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
- B01J8/0055—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream using cyclones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
- B04C3/06—Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/20—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed with heating or cooling, e.g. quenching, means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
Abstract
Description
102733102733
Erotussykloni Tämä keksintö koskee syklonia kaasun ja kiinteiden hiukkas-, ten seoksen erottamiseksi sentrifugoimalla hiukkasrikkaa- 5 seen fraktioon ja hiukkasköyhään kaasufraktioon, jolloin siihen kuuluu pystysuuntaisesti järjestetty sylinterimäinen astia, johon avautuu tangentiaalisesti kaasun ja kiinteiden hiukkasten seoksen syöttöputki, välineet hiukkasrikkaan fraktion poistamiseksi, jotka on sijoitettu sylinterimäisen 10 astian alaosaan, aksiaalinen putki kaasufraktion poistamiseksi, jonka yläpää on sylinterimäisen astian harjaa olennaisesti alemmalla tasolla, mutta erotettavan seoksen syöttöputken suuaukkoa ylemmällä tasolla ja joka kulkee astian pohjan läpi, jolloin kaasufraktion aksiaalisen pois-15 toputken yläpään ja harjan välinen sykloni vyöhyke muodostaa erotettavan kaasun ja hiukkasten paisuntakammion.This invention relates to a cyclone for separating a mixture of gas and solid particles by centrifugation into a particle-rich fraction and a particle-poor gas fraction, which includes a vertically arranged cylindrical vessel that opens tangentially to a gas / solid particle inlet in the lower part of the cylindrical 10 vessel, an axial tube for removing the gas fraction having an upper end substantially lower than the brush head of the cylindrical vessel but above the mouth of the separable alloy feed pipe and passing through the bottom of the vessel and a particle expansion chamber.
Tällainen julkaisussa DE-C-955 889 kuvattu sykloni ei mahdollista kiinteiden hiukkasten väliaikaisen jäähdyttämisen 20 varmistamista, mikä voisi mahdollistaa tämän reaktorin lämmönvaihtopintojen pienentämisen, kun tämä sykloni on kytkettynä reaktoriin jossa on kiertoleijukerros.Such a cyclone as described in DE-C-955 889 does not allow for the temporary cooling of solid particles, which could allow the reduction of the heat exchange surfaces of this reactor when this cyclone is coupled to a reactor having a circulating fluidized bed.
Lisäksi tässä tunnetussa syklonissa varmistuu pelkästään 25 kiinteiden hiukkasten epätäydellinen erotus.Furthermore, in this known cyclone only incomplete separation of solid particles is confirmed.
Keksinnön mukaisella syklonilla tätä erotusta voidaan parantaa, ja sille on tunnusomaista, että se käsittää toiset astian pohjalle sijoitetut välineet kaasun syöttä-30 miseksi, joiden tarkoituksena on leijuttaa tiheänä kerroksena kiinteistä hiukkasista rikasta fraktiota, välineet lämmön vaihtamiseksi muodostetun tiheäleijukerroksen ja . höyrystettävän ja/tai kuumennettavan fluidin välillä, välineet tiheän kerroksen korkeuden säätämiseksi, ja että 35 kaasun ja kiinteiden hiukkasten seoksen syöttöputken akseli on suuaukon osalta kallistettu pohjaa kohti vaakatason suhteen, suositeltavasti kulmassa 0° - 15°.This separation can be improved by the cyclone according to the invention and is characterized in that it comprises second means for feeding gas at the bottom of the vessel, which is intended to fluidize the rich fraction of solid particles as a dense layer, means for exchanging heat. means for adjusting the height of the dense layer; and that the axis of the gas / solid particulate feed tube is inclined towards the bottom with respect to the horizontal with respect to the orifice, preferably at an angle of 0 ° to 15 °.
4 2 1027334 2 102733
Keksinnön mukaisessa syklonissa kaasun ja hiukkasten seos tulee aksiaalisen putken läsnäolon johdosta täydellisesti sentrifugoiduksi sen koko alaslaskeutumisen aikana.In the cyclone of the invention, the mixture of gas and particles becomes completely centrifuged due to the presence of the axial tube throughout its descent.
55
Lisäksi seoksen syöttöputken suuaukon ja aksiaalisen putken yläpään välisellä koko korkeudelle aikaansaadaan vielä lisäerotusvyöhyke, jossa hiukkaskonsentraatio on jo huomattavasti pienempi kuin sisääntulossa, ja jossa kaasun ja 10 hiukkasten virtaukset kulkevat vastakkaisiin suuntiin.Further, a further separation zone is provided at the entire height between the mouth of the mixture feed pipe and the upper end of the axial pipe, in which the particle concentration is already significantly lower than at the inlet, and gas and particle flows flow in opposite directions.
Mitä pitempi aksiaalinen putki on, sitä pienemmäksi hiukkasten tiheys tulee, kun taas tunnetussa syklonissa putken aukon tasolla tiheys on suuri.The longer the axial tube is, the lower the particle density becomes, whereas in the known cyclone, the density of the tube is high.
1515
Lisäksi putken yläosan ja astian harjan välisessä vapaassa tilassa on vyöhyke, jossa kaasun radiaalinen nopeus on pieni ja siten myös hiukkasten mukaanjoutumisvaikutus on vähäinen.In addition, there is a zone in the free space between the top of the tube and the crest of the vessel where the radial velocity of the gas is low and thus the effect of particle entrapment is low.
2020
Keksinnön mukaisella syklonilla on suositeltavasta myös seuraava tunnuspiirre: sylinterimäisen astian ja aksiaalisen poistoputken seinämät .. 25 ovat putkiseinämiä, joiden putket on liitetty toisiinsa hitsatuilla laipoilla, jotka putket voivat toimia lämmön-vaihtovälineiden osana.Preferably, the cyclone according to the invention also has the following feature: the walls of the cylindrical vessel and the axial outlet tube. 25 are tube walls, the tubes of which are connected by welded flanges, which tubes can act as part of the heat exchange means.
Tämän jälkeen keksinnön mukaista syklonia kuvataan esimer-30 kinomaisesti ja viittaamalla samalla oheisiin piirustuk-. siin, joissa:The cyclone of the invention will now be described by way of example-30 with reference to the accompanying drawings. where:
Kuvio 1 on pystyleikkaus halkaisijatasossa; 35 Kuvio 2 on osittaisleikkaus vaakatasossa; ja . Kuvio 3 esittää yksityiskohtaa III kuviosta 2.Figure 1 is a vertical section through the diameter plane; Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view; and. Figure 3 shows detail III of Figure 2.
102733 3102733 3
Kuviossa 1 esitetty sykloni käsittää ulomman sylinteri-mäisen astian 1 ja aksiaalisen kiintoaineköyhän kaasun poistoputken 2, jotka määrittelevät välilleen rengaskammion 3. Erotettava kaasun ja kiinteiden hiukkasten seos syöte-5 tään kammioon 3 alaspäin kallistetusta putkesta 4, joka muodostaa vaakatason kanssa kulman a, joka on 0° - 15°.The cyclone shown in Fig. 1 comprises an outer cylindrical vessel 1 and an axial solids-poor gas outlet pipe 2 defining an annular chamber 3 therebetween. 0 ° to 15 °.
Erotetun kaasun poistoputken 2 yläreuna 5 on huomattavasti putken 4 suuaukon 6 yläpuolella siten, että suuaukon 6 10 tason ja yläreunan 5 välille muodostuu erotusvyöhyke, jossa hiukkaskonsentraatio on pieni. Lisäksi yläreuna 5 on huomattavan kaukana astian 1 harjasta 7 siten, että niiden väliin muodostuu paisuntakammio 8, jossa kaasu menettää pääosan turbulentista liikkeestään tunkeutuakseen sitten 15 aksiaalisesti poistoputkeen 2.The upper edge 5 of the separated gas outlet pipe 2 is substantially above the mouth 6 of the pipe 4 so that a separation zone with low particle concentration is formed between the plane 10 of the mouth 6 and the upper edge 5. Further, the upper edge 5 is substantially distant from the ridge 7 of the vessel 1 so that an expansion chamber 8 is formed between them, where the gas loses most of its turbulent movement to then penetrate axially into the outlet pipe 2.
Kiinteät hiukkaset konsentroituvat astian 1 kehälle ja kerääntyvät rengastilan 3 alaosaan. Tämän rengastilan pohja 9 on varustettu suuttimilla 10, joista suihkutetaan leiju-20 tuskaasua (tyypillisesti kierrätettyä polttokaasua), joka tulee putkea 11 pitkin. Hiukkasista muodostuu suuttimien 10 yläpuolelle tiheä leijukerros 12. Siihen on upotettu viitenumerolla 13 kaaviomaisesti esitetyt lämmönvaihtoputket, jotka talteenottavat osan kiinteiden hiukkasten kuljetta-25 masta lämmöstä vaihtamalla lämmön putkissa virtaavan flui-din kanssa. Osittain jäähdytetyt kiinteät hiukkaset poistetaan rengastilan pohjalta putkella 14.The solid particles concentrate on the periphery of the vessel 1 and collect in the lower part of the annular space 3. The bottom 9 of this annular space is provided with nozzles 10 for spraying a fluidized gas 20 (typically recycled fuel gas) through the conduit 11. The particles form a dense fluidized bed 12 above the nozzles 10 and embedded therein are heat exchanger tubes, shown schematically in reference numeral 13, which recover some of the heat transported by the solid particles by exchanging heat with the fluid flowing in the tubes. Partially cooled solid particles are removed from the bottom of the annular space by tube 14.
Putkeen 14 on sijoitettu säätöventtiili 15, jonka aukkoa 30 säädetään tiheäkerroksen 12 korkeuden ilmaisimella 16.A control valve 15 is located in the tube 14, the opening 30 of which is controlled by a height indicator 16 of the density layer 12.
« • Tiheäkerroksen 12 korkeus säädetään siten, että se on huomattavasti pienempi kuin putken suuaukon 6, mutta siten, että se on selvästi putkien 13 yläpuolella.The height of the sealing layer 12 is adjusted so that it is substantially smaller than the opening 6 of the tube but clearly above the tubes 13.
Astian 1, pohjan 9 ja poistoputken 2 seinämät voivat mahdollisesti sisältää putkia 17, jotka kuljettavat jäähdy- 35 4 102733 tysainetta (kts. kuviot 2 ja 3). Nämä putket 17 on liitetty toisiinsa hitsatuilla laipoilla 18, ja ne on upotettu sementtikerrokseen 19, joka suojaa niitä kiinteiden hiukkasten aiheuttamalta eroosiolta- Tämän rakenteen avulla 5 estetään ilmiö, jossa kiinteät hiukkaset agglomeroituisivat senämiin.The walls of vessel 1, bottom 9 and outlet pipe 2 may optionally include pipes 17 carrying coolant (see Figures 2 and 3). These tubes 17 are joined to each other by welded flanges 18 and are embedded in a cement layer 19 which protects them from erosion by solid particles. This design prevents the solid particles from agglomerating therein.
Yhteenvetona voidaan todeta, että keksinnön sykloni käsittää kolme erotusvyöhykettä kaasu-hiukkasseokselle: primaa-10 risen vyöhykkeen, joka muodostuu putken (4) suun alapuolelle ja tiheän faasin yläpuolelle, ja jossa tapahtuu suurin osa erotuksesta painovoiman ja sentrifugivaikutuksen avulla; sekundaarisen vyöhykkeen, joka sijaitsee primaarisen vyöhykkeen yläpuolella ja ulottuu puhdistetun kaasun pois-15 toputken yläpäähän asti, jolloin sille on tunnusomaista se, että kiintoainepitoisuus putoaa siinä korkeuden funktiona, erotuksen tapahtuessa siinäkin painovoiman ja sentrifugivaikutuksen avulla; ja tertiaarisen vyöhykkeen laitteen ylimmässä osassa, jossa kaasun nopeus äkillisesti pienenee, 20 mikä vähentää hiukkasten mukaanjoutumista.In summary, the cyclone of the invention comprises three separation zones for a gas-particle mixture: a primary zone formed below the mouth of the tube (4) and above the dense phase, in which most of the separation occurs by gravity and centrifugation; a secondary zone located above the primary zone and extending to the upper end of the purged gas off-tube, characterized in that the solids content drops therein as a function of gravity and centrifuge separation; and in the upper portion of the tertiary zone device, where the velocity of the gas is suddenly reduced, which reduces the entrapment of the particles.
»»
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9013801A FR2668720B1 (en) | 1990-11-07 | 1990-11-07 | CYCLONE FOR SEPARATION BY CENTRIFUGATION OF A MIXTURE OF GASES AND SOLID PARTICLES WITH HEAT RECOVERY. |
FR9013801 | 1990-11-07 |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FI915246A0 FI915246A0 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
FI915246A FI915246A (en) | 1992-05-08 |
FI102733B1 FI102733B1 (en) | 1999-02-15 |
FI102733B true FI102733B (en) | 1999-02-15 |
Family
ID=9401935
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FI915246A FI102733B (en) | 1990-11-07 | 1991-11-06 | cyclone |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5123939A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0484847B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05104032A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE152007T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69125788T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2100921T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI102733B (en) |
FR (1) | FR2668720B1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA918839B (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2684566B1 (en) * | 1991-12-05 | 1994-02-25 | Institut Francais Petrole | CO-CURRENT CYCLONIC EXTRACTOR SEPARATOR. |
DE4240048C2 (en) * | 1992-11-28 | 2002-11-07 | Mahle Filtersysteme Gmbh | Dust discharge valve |
US5391211A (en) * | 1994-01-24 | 1995-02-21 | Tampella Power Corporation | Integral cylindrical cyclone and loopseal |
US5439506A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1995-08-08 | Unisys Corporation | Separation process for a check processor |
US5393315A (en) * | 1994-07-28 | 1995-02-28 | Tampella Power Corporation | Immersed heat exchanger in an integral cylindrical cyclone and loopseal |
US5738712A (en) * | 1995-03-13 | 1998-04-14 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Centrifugal separator assembly and method for separating particles from hot gas |
US6090175A (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-07-18 | Richard; Kenneth L. | Air inlet for a dust collector |
US6499965B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2002-12-31 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Air compressor system and an air/oil cast separator tank for the same |
US20040134352A1 (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2004-07-15 | David Stacey | Silica trap for phosphosilicate glass deposition tool |
GB2423490B (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2009-05-20 | Dps | Separator |
US8506065B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2013-08-13 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Object separator for ink jet printer applications |
ITBS20130143A1 (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-12 | Turboden Srl | OIL SEPARATOR FROM A WORK FLUID FOR ORC PLANT |
WO2015103115A1 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-09 | Hollison, LLC | Aerosol particle separation and collection |
CN103920604B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2016-03-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | A kind of Cyclone Separator with Downward Exhaust Gas |
US11090600B2 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2021-08-17 | General Electric Company | Particle separator assembly for a turbine engine |
JP6597744B2 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-10-30 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Oil separator |
CN110102113A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-09 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | A kind of containment type heat-exchange dedusting integrated apparatus |
MY195530A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2023-01-30 | Petroliam Nasional Berhad Petronas | A System and Method for Handling a Multiple Phase Hydrocarbon Feed |
CN112452564B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-09-23 | 辽宁科技大学 | Novel hydrocyclone with secondary pressurization function |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB108710A (en) * | 1916-08-14 | 1917-08-14 | Arthur Henry Lymn | Improvements in and relating to Regenerators or Heat Interchangers in or for use with Gas Producer Plants. |
NL90669C (en) * | 1953-07-03 | |||
US3443360A (en) * | 1967-10-12 | 1969-05-13 | Du Pont | Fluid bed cooler for gas separation |
US4225325A (en) * | 1979-06-14 | 1980-09-30 | W-K-M Wellhead Systems, Inc. | Steam separator with variably sized rectangular inlet opening |
US4913711A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1990-04-03 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Spiral coil cool wall construction for high temperature cylindrical furnaces, vessels, cyclones, etc. |
GB2159442B (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1987-11-25 | Shell Int Research | Process and apparatus for separating solid particles and gaseous materials |
US4853003A (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1989-08-01 | Shell Oil Company | Removal of particulates from synthesis gas |
US4944250A (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1990-07-31 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Cyclone separator including a hopper formed by water-steam cooled walls |
-
1990
- 1990-11-07 FR FR9013801A patent/FR2668720B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-11-01 US US07/786,840 patent/US5123939A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-04 DE DE69125788T patent/DE69125788T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-04 EP EP91118757A patent/EP0484847B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-04 AT AT91118757T patent/ATE152007T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-04 ES ES91118757T patent/ES2100921T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-06 FI FI915246A patent/FI102733B/en active
- 1991-11-06 JP JP3318520A patent/JPH05104032A/en active Pending
- 1991-11-07 ZA ZA918839A patent/ZA918839B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2668720B1 (en) | 1993-06-11 |
ES2100921T3 (en) | 1997-07-01 |
JPH05104032A (en) | 1993-04-27 |
DE69125788D1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
DE69125788T2 (en) | 1997-07-31 |
EP0484847B1 (en) | 1997-04-23 |
ZA918839B (en) | 1992-08-26 |
FI915246A0 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
ATE152007T1 (en) | 1997-05-15 |
FI915246A (en) | 1992-05-08 |
FR2668720A1 (en) | 1992-05-07 |
FI102733B1 (en) | 1999-02-15 |
US5123939A (en) | 1992-06-23 |
EP0484847A1 (en) | 1992-05-13 |
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