JP2003530205A - Method and apparatus for separating particles from hot gas - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating solid particles from a gas discharged from a reaction chamber of a fluidized bed reactor is provided. The separator device is a vortex chamber defined horizontally by a vertically extending outer wall formed from a flat water tube panel, wherein the interior of the wall is at least partially provided with a heat-resistant lining, and Having at least one vertical gas vortex therein, at least one gas inlet, at least one gas outlet, and at least one solid outlet. In the apparatus, the vertically extending outer wall of the vortex chamber forms at least one corner, the angle between the sides of the corner exceeds 90 degrees, and the corner is rounded by a heat-resistant lining inside the outer wall. Have been.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to a method and a device for separating particles from hot gas according to the preamble of the independent claim of the heading.

That is, the present invention relates to a centrifuge assembly and particles in a centrifuge assembly attached to a fluidized bed reactor for separating solid particles from the gas discharged from the reaction chamber of the fluidized bed reactor. And how to separate. The separator assembly is a vortex chamber that is horizontally defined by a vertically extending outer wall formed from a planar water tube panel with a heat resistant lining inside the wall to provide a gas space inside. A vortex chamber that defines and establishes at least one vertical gas vortex therein, at least one inlet for introducing gas from the reaction chamber into the gas space, and purified gas (purification Gas) from the gas space and at least one outlet to release the separated solid particles from the gas space.

The present invention is particularly directed to separating solid particles from the process and product gases of fluidized bed reactors, especially circulating fluidized bed reactors used for combustion or gasification of carbonaceous or other fuels. The present invention relates to a centrifuge used in.

It is generally known to arrange the inlet and outlet ducts of a centrifuge such that flue gas entering through the inlet duct creates a vertical gas vortex. A conventional centrifuge assembly includes one or more centrifuges or cyclones defined by an outer wall having a right cylindrical shape and a conical bottom. Cyclones in fluidized bed reactors have traditionally been manufactured as uncooled structures with heat resistant linings, while the walls of the fluidized bed reactor itself are usually formed from cooling water tube panels. When connecting an uncooled particle separator to a cooled reaction chamber, it is necessary to use a configuration that allows relative movement, even though it is expensive and susceptible to damage, allowing for varying thermal movements. Cylindrical cyclones have also been manufactured as a structure formed from water tubes, so that the temperature difference between the cyclone and the cooling reaction chamber will be small. But,
Providing a cylindrical water tube wall configuration and connecting it to the surrounding configuration requires a lot of manual work and is therefore expensive.

For example, US Pat. No. 4,880,450 discloses a method in which a cooled cylindrical cyclone can be connected to the furnace of a fluidized bed boiler and its heat recovery section. The upper cylindrical section of the cyclone comprises water or steam tubes attached to each other, the inner surface of which is covered with an insulating material. The separator according to this patent can be connected to the cooling environment without the individual elements allowing relative movement, but this arrangement is labor intensive and therefore expensive.

US Pat. No. 5,281,398 discloses a configuration in which particles are separated from hot gases in a centrifuge and the vortex chamber of the centrifuge is composed of a flat water tube panel.
Thus, the gas space of the vortex chamber is polygonal in horizontal cross section, preferably square or rectangular. This type of separator is inexpensive to manufacture and can be easily connected to a reactor furnace formed from similar wall panels, which establishes a compact unit. Traditionally, the cylindrical volume prevents the gas vortex velocity from being kept as small as possible, so the gas volume in the separator vortex chamber is cylindrical. But,
The invention disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,281,398 is based on the fact that gas vortices can also be established in spaces of polygonal cross section. In the cylindrical separator, the particles separated by the centrifugal force are advanced to the circumference of the vortex and flow downward along the inner wall of the vortex chamber. The proper operation of the polygonal separator is based on the fact that the corners of the gas space enhance the separation of the particles and act as a suitable flow-down zone for the separated particles.

US Pat. No. 4,615,715 discloses an assembly in which a cylindrical cyclone made of wear resistant material is disposed inside a cooling enclosure of square cross section. In this configuration, the shape of the gas space is ideal to maintain the vortex velocity,
Nevertheless, the manufacture of water tube panels for the separator enclosure can be automated and the separator can be directly connected to the cooling environment. In the arrangement according to this patent, the relatively large space between the annular inner space and the square outer enclosure is filled with a suitable material. The problem with this material is that it acts as a heat insulator, increasing the weight and heat capacity of the separator. Therefore, during operation it increases the temperature of the inner wall of the separator and increases its thermal inertia. Large and rapid temperature changes can cause material damage in the intermediate space, which adds to maintenance and repair costs. Therefore, the temperature change of the separator needs to be slow enough, which should be taken into account when changing the capacity of the plant, especially during start-up and shutdown. Furthermore, the innermost surface of the material must be highly abrasion resistant, so filling of the intermediate space is done by a special multilayer technique. However, this adds cost to this configuration and complicates the separator structure.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved centrifuge assembly and method for separating particles from hot gases.

[0009] In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a compact centrifuge assembly and a method for separating particles which is less expensive to manufacture and has a higher degree of particle separation. Is.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for separating particles and a centrifuge device which can be preferably connected to a cooled reaction chamber and requires less maintenance.

To achieve these and other objects, a centrifuge assembly is provided as disclosed in the characterizing part of the independent claim in which the characteristic mechanism relates to the device.

Thus, the centrifuge assembly according to the invention is characterized in that the vertically extending outer wall of the vortex chamber forms at least one corner, the angle between the sides of the outer wall being greater than 90 degrees, and The corners are rounded by a heat-resistant lining inside the outer wall.

To achieve the above object, a particle separation method is also provided, which is disclosed in the characterizing part of the independent claim whose characteristic function relates to the method.

Therefore, the feature of the method for separating particles according to the present invention is that the gas discharged from the reaction chamber of the fluidized bed reactor is rounded at least in the swirl chamber by the heat resistant lining provided on the inner surface of the outer wall. The angle between the outer walls that are guided so as to hit one corner and extend in the vertical direction of that corner exceeds 90 degrees.

The arrangement according to the invention combines the advantages of a flat cooling surface and a rounded gas space, providing an outer wall of the vortex chamber with a polygonal horizontal cross section, at least some of the corners being 90. By virtue of the excess, the disadvantages of thick heat-resistant layers are avoided.

The separator according to US Pat. No. 5,281,398, in which the gas space of the vortex chamber has a polygonal horizontal cross section, operates perfectly under normal operating conditions. However, it has been found that the use of different gas velocities and separator design criteria than previously used can provide a particularly advantageous configuration for the new generation separator.
As such developments of separators are further advanced, in some applications the corners of the gas space pose limitations on the overall reactor design.

It has been found that in some applications, the operation of the polygonal separator can be further improved by rounding one or more corners formed by the outer wall of the vortex chamber. In addition, to minimize structural issues and issues related to the durability of the configuration caused by the rounded corners,
In this configuration, it is important that at the rounded outer corners, the angle between the flat panels of the outer wall of the vortex chamber is clearly above 90 degrees.

The gas flow entering the rectangular vortex chamber and the gas vortex inside the vortex chamber interfere with each other unless the gas vortex is redirected in the direction of the incident jet at a corner formed by a partition wall connected to the inlet opening. The possibility is already known based on US Pat. No. 5,738,712. However, the invention relates to another problem, namely that the gas vortices may not be optimal in the corner regions of the vortex chamber.

A flat panel and a cylindrical surface at a corner when a vertical cylinder is surrounded by four vertically extending flat panels that are perpendicular to each other and tangential to the cylinder. The distance to and is approximately 0.414 times the radius of the cylinder. Thus, if the refractory lining is provided such that the thickness of the layer at the center of the flat panel is, for example, 0.05 times the cylindrical radius, the layer will be more than 8 times thicker at the corners. Therefore, the heat conductivity of the heat-resistant layer may be lowered particularly in the corner region, and the temperature of the inner surface cannot always be kept sufficiently low by cooling the outer surface. Furthermore, the varying thickness of the refractory lining can lead to a considerable temperature difference, thereby increasing the risk of damage to the layer. Thick layers also add weight to the structure,
This leads to problems associated with supporting the structure.

If the cylinder is surrounded by five panels instead of four, the angle between the panels is 108 degrees and the distance between the panels and the cylinder surface is only 0.236 times the radius of the cylinder at the corners. Is. For 6, 7, and 8 panels, the angles between the panels are 120 degrees, 128.6 degrees, and 135 degrees, respectively. The distances are 0.154 times, 0.110 times, and 0.082 times the cylindrical radius, respectively. Therefore, even when the angle of the separator corner is, for example, 108 degrees instead of 90 degrees,
The maximum thickness of the heat resistant layer, as well as its weight and heat capacity, are significantly reduced. With an angle of 135 degrees, the maximum layer thickness required for rounding is only one fifth of the thickness required for right angle rounding. The high thermal conductivity of the thin refractory lining is relatively even in different parts of the outer wall of the vortex chamber, which reduces the maximum temperature of the layer under operation and reduces the temperature difference between the various walls .

According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, each separator corner is rounded and of approximately the same size. In this case, the number of corners is preferably 5, 6,
7 or 8 and the angles are about 108 degrees, 120 degrees, 128.6 degrees, or 135 degrees, respectively. When the number of separator corners is 6 or 8, preferably a plurality of separators can be connected to each other and / or to the furnace. Most preferably, the separator has eight corners and parallel walls can be utilized between the separator and the reaction chamber and between adjacent separators when designing the structure. However, in some special cases it may be advantageous to manufacture a separator with an odd number of corners, in order to arrange a particular support structure and gas inlet duct.

According to another preferred embodiment, only some of the particle separator corners are rounded. In this case, the size of the rounded corners can be different than that described above. However, preferably the angle is about 110-150.
Degrees, and more preferably about 135 degrees. Most preferably, a separator containing angles of various sizes can have a polygonal basic shape, with some angles being right angles, unrounded and others being flat. It is beveled and rounded by a heat resistant lining.

According to a preferred configuration, the particle-containing gas flow entering through the inlet opening first strikes the wall or other side of the right-angled corner substantially vertically, but after the first impact.
The gas flow strikes at least one rounded corner. In this type of configuration, the first corner or wall in the vortex chamber acts as a suitable spot for separating particles, but then, in the rounded corner, the objective is to achieve the highest possible gas level. It will maintain the flow rate.

Preferably, the rounding of the corners can be arranged such that the inner wall of the vortex chamber is continuously cylindrical in the section of the outer wall of the vortex chamber containing a plurality of corners. That is, the radius of curvature of the rounding is approximately the same as the distance between the center of the vortex established in the vortex chamber and the inner wall of the vortex chamber. Another preferred method provides individual rounding in each corner area, the radius of curvature of the rounding being smaller than that described above, leaving a straight inner wall surface between the rounded portions to protect the wall. Therefore, only thin, uniform heat resistant linings are needed. The thickness required for a uniform refractory lining depends on the materials used and operating conditions, and is typically at least about 15-70 mm. The radius of curvature should not be too small in order to achieve the advantages gained by the rounding according to the invention. Preferably, the radius of curvature of the rounding is at least about one third of the radius of the vortex established in the vortex chamber, i.e. the distance between the vortex center and the inner wall of the vortex chamber.

When using a short radius of curvature, the circularity of the vortex chamber is not perfect and the amount of refractory lining on the wall may even be less than in a continuous cylindrical vortex chamber. In some cases, due to varying corner characteristics, it may be preferable to use different radii of curvature for rounding at different corners. A special case according to this principle is that one or more corners formed by the outer wall are rounded and one or more are unrounded.

The horizontal cross section of the vortex chamber may preferably be substantially circular, with only one gas vortex being established in the vortex chamber, or may be oval to establish multiple gas vortices in the vortex chamber. It may have a shape that allows it. The width of the horizontal cross section of the vortex chamber, ie the dimension of the vortex chamber extending in the direction of the reaction chamber wall closest to the vortex chamber, is preferably about twice the depth perpendicular to the width, preferably 2 in the vortex chamber. Two adjacent gas vortices can be established.

The gas inlet ducts to the vortex chambers of the two gas vortices are most preferably located in the center of the vortex chamber wall on the reaction chamber side, but of the outer corners of the vortex chamber wall on the reaction chamber side. It is also possible to arrange them in the vicinity so as to be separated from each other. The wall facing the inlet duct located in the center of the walls of the vortex chambers of the two vortices on the reaction chamber side may be straight, with the gas flow entering the vortex chambers hitting the walls approximately vertically. Alternatively, it is possible to provide a wall section with a triangular cross section in the center of the wall, which is formed from a flat water pipe panel, the rounding of the wall section allows the gas flow to flow into the rounded wall. You will be guided to hit first.

To ensure structural strength and high separation capacity, two or more smaller separators, rather than one large separator, are often constructed in a large reaction chamber. When using several cooled cylindrical separators, a large percentage of manual labor adds to the cost. Therefore, for economic reasons it is sometimes necessary to use larger separators than are actually optimal. In these cases, it is not always clear that high separation capacities can be achieved under all conditions, so space-consuming and costly configurations must be used to guarantee structural strength. When using the structure according to the invention, even small separators can be manufactured at low cost, are simple to support and can be used with optimal separation capabilities.

When the outer wall of a vortex chamber manufactured according to the invention comprises, for example, eight corners, it is possible to arrange two adjacent vortex chambers such that their sides run parallel, the vortex chamber parallel The wall panels can be directly connected to each other. Adjacent vortex chambers can also advantageously be interconnected to share a common straight wall section.

The centrifuge assembly according to the invention may preferably be arranged in combination with the reaction chamber such that some of the flat outer wall panels of the vortex chamber are parallel to the flat wall of the reaction chamber, The chamber can be easily attached to the wall of the reaction chamber. The vortex chamber can also advantageously be manufactured such that the wall section of the vortex chamber on the reaction chamber side is shared with the reaction chamber.

The ability to use a common wall section between two separators, or between a separator and a furnace, can significantly reduce manufacturing costs, thus forming from a flat tube panel wall. This is one of the advantages of the separated separator. However, the common wall section cannot be easily supported from one side of the wall section, and the width of this kind of common wall actually has some maximum limit. Beyond that, two separate walls must be used. Thus, the support arrangement for the common wall section may, in some cases, prevent the use of optimally sized large separators.

The width of the flat outer wall of the rectangular separator is always at least as large as the vortex diameter, but the width of the individual walls of the separator according to the invention can be significantly smaller than the vortex diameter. Thus, one of the advantages of the separator according to the invention is that the above-mentioned problems with the support of the common wall section are such that the gas space has a larger diameter than if the problems were to occur using a rectangular separator. It only happens in vessels.

On the basis of the above, the diameter of the vortex chamber in the particle separator according to the invention is, in each individual case, the diameter of the vortex chamber in a cooled cylindrical particle separator or a separator with a rectangular outer wall. Can be optimized more freely than. Preferably, the diameter of the vortex chamber according to the invention is about 3-8 m, for example about 5 m.

Since the vortex chamber according to the invention is not of rectangular cross section, a free triangular space is established when the vortex chambers are connected to each other and to the reaction chamber. Preferably, for example, vertical support structures for the entire reactor plant can be arranged in these spaces. These free spaces can preferably be used for the arrangement of different metering and inspection ports and sampling connections and supply ducts for different materials.

[0035]   The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 discloses a circulating fluidized bed reactor 10 comprising a reaction chamber 20, a centrifugal particle separator (cyclone) 40, and a return duct 44 for returning separated particles to the reaction chamber 20. . The reaction chamber 20, which is rectangular in horizontal cross section, is laterally surrounded by water tube walls, of which only walls 22 and 24 are shown in FIG. The water pipe wall is, as is well known, formed by a plurality of vertical water pipes connected to each other, which are connected to each other by thin steel ribs or fins welded between the pipes. . The outer wall of the particle separator 40 is formed of a flat water tube panel similar to the wall of the reaction chamber 20.

The fuel and other materials needed within the reaction chamber, eg, the solid flowing medium, are introduced into the reaction chamber through various inlet ducts, of which only the inlet duct 26 is shown in FIG. ing. The fluidized medium in the reaction chamber is fluidized by a flowing gas 30 introduced through a grid 28 at the bottom of the reaction chamber. The fluidizing gas such as air introduced into the reaction chamber continuously flows into the upper section of the reaction chamber 20 due to the fluidizing medium being drawn into the gas, and the particles are separated through the inlet duct 32 arranged in the upper section. It is introduced at such a speed that it flows into the vessel 40.

Since the gas flowing from the reaction chamber 20 creates a vertical gas vortex in the particle separator 40, the particles drawn into the gas are blown toward the inner wall of the vortex chamber, and the tapered lower side of the vortex chamber is used. It goes down to the return duct 44 through the section 42 and then back to the reaction chamber 20. The particulate-purified gas 46 exits the separator through a gas outlet duct, or center pipe 48, located in the roof section of the vortex chamber. The structure of the particle separator according to the invention, which is shown in detail in FIGS. 3 to 6, is particularly suitable when the ratio of the diameter of the center pipe 48 to the minimum diameter of the particle separator 40 exceeds 0.4, especially 0.5 Is useful when exceeding. Although not shown in FIG. 1, a heat recovery unit, a settling separator, and a chimney are usually provided downstream of the center pipe 48. The lower section 42 of the particle separator 40 is also formed from a preferably planar water tube panel. The lower section of the return duct comprises an L-tube or other gas lock assembly that prevents gas from flowing from the furnace 20 through the return duct 44 and into the particle separator 40.

FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1 except that the tapered lower section 42 of the separator 40 is asymmetric. Thus, in FIG. 2, the common wall 24 shared by the furnace 20 and the separator 40, which includes the return duct 44 forming an extension of the separator, extends substantially along the entire height of the furnace. . FIG. 2 also shows the heat exchange chamber 52 connected to the lower section of the return duct 44, and the particle separator 40.
The fluidized medium circulating from is returned to the furnace 20 through an overflow opening 54 connected to the heat exchange chamber. In the assembly of FIG. 2, the furnace 20, the particle separator 40, and the return duct 44 form an integral unit that is advantageous in terms of structural support, space utilization, and manufacturing costs. In particular, when using the assembly of FIG. 2, the unit consisting of the upper and lower sections 42 of the separator, the return duct 44 and the heat exchange chamber 52 can preferably be manufactured in cooled form, thus A significant portion of the cooling pipe extends from the bottom of the heat exchange chamber to the roof portion of the separator.

A particle separator assembly according to various embodiments of the invention is shown in further detail in FIGS. 3-6. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 or 2 taken along line AA. The gas flowing from the reaction chamber 20 through the inlet duct 32 first strikes the wall 60 facing the vortex chamber approximately perpendicularly, whereby a substantial proportion of the particles entrained by the gas are essentially decelerated and the particle separator. Fall into the lower section of.

According to the invention, the corners 62 facing diagonally the inlet duct 32 of the vortex chamber in a substantially square cross section are rounded by a heat-resistant lining 64 so as to maintain the velocity of the gas vortex. The right angle between the vertical walls 60 and 66 is the flat wall section 6
It is beveled by 8, which establishes two obtuse angles.
Therefore, the weight of the rounding material 64 can be reduced and the thermal conductivity of the material to the cooled outer walls 60, 66 and 68 is high. U.S. Pat. No. 46157
A significantly lower amount of heat resistant lining compared to the configuration disclosed in No. 15 results in a lighter weight and durable construction, which is easier to support and allows for more effective cooling.

Corners that are gently tilted and rounded by a heat-resistant lining are more expensive to manufacture than simple corners, so only the corners diagonally located in the inlet duct are rounded in the configuration according to FIG. It is attached. Thus, a particle separator is provided which is particularly cheap, but effective. Of course, if not all,
Any corner of the separator may be sloped and lined with a refractory material. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the non-rounded wall section comprises a thin, heat-resistant layer to protect the water tube wall of the separator, which is not shown in the figure.

In large fluidized bed reactors that require multiple particle separators, the required number of parallel particle separators according to FIG. 3 can be provided. Two parallel separators can be arranged with respect to the vortex chamber so that their inlet ducts run in parallel, or their inlet ducts can be placed at two corners closest to or farthest from each other. They are arranged symmetrically with respect to the surface between the separators. In particular, when the inlet ducts 32 of two adjacent separators are arranged side by side, the walls between the vortex chambers can be partially or completely eliminated, whereby this configuration results in a combined vortex chamber of two vortices. It is almost equal to the composition.

4 illustrates a particle separator assembly disposed within a large reaction chamber 20 comprising a plurality of vortex chambers 70, 70 ′, 70 ″. Three parallel vortex chambers are shown in FIG. However, it is of course possible to use more or less than 3. The entire gas space of the vortex chamber according to Fig. 4 is rounded, the corner of each vortex chamber being approximately 135 degrees. The lower part 42 of the separator shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is also preferably manufactured from a flat water tube panel, but it has been found that the rounding according to the invention need not extend to the lower section 42. .

The amount of refractory lining required to round the gas space of a vortex chamber with an octagonal cross section is greater than that required to round a square vortex chamber according to US Pat. No. 4,615,715. Quite few. The heat resistance of the thin heat resistant layer is high, and the vortex chamber wall formed by the flat water tube panel efficiently cools the separator. Thereby, such a vortex chamber is resistant, can be manufactured at low cost and its separation capacity is as high as possible.

The octagonal vortex chambers according to FIG. 4 are preferably mutually connected by connecting parallel walls together or by providing common wall sections 72, 74 and 74 ′ as shown in FIG. Against and to the reaction chamber. The parallel walls of the vortex chamber, and the parallel walls shared by the vortex chamber and the reaction chamber, may also be supported to one another, preferably by using support beams 76 and 76 '.

There remains a free triangular space between the polygonal vortex chambers and between the vortex chambers and the reaction chamber, which space preferably comprises, for example, a support structure 78 for the entire reactor plant, as well as flue gas. Can be used to provide feed ducts or metering paths 80, 80 'for additives that reduce the impurities of, or for other materials. An inlet duct 82, 82 'for introducing a gas jet into the vortex chamber parallel to the tangent of the gas vortices 84 and 84' in the cyclone is disposed between the vortex chambers 70 and 70 'of FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a separator assembly formed from two hexagonal vortex chambers. In the arrangement according to FIG. 5, one of the outer walls 86 of the vortex chamber 70 is parallel to the wall 24 of the reaction chamber 20. In this configuration, the separator can preferably be connected to the reaction chamber, for example using an intermediate support part. Another alternative is to arrange two hexagonal vortex chambers by providing a common wall or parallel walls between them, one of the corners of the vortex chambers being directed towards the reaction chamber.

Each corner of the hexagonal vortex chamber according to FIG. 5 is individually rounded so that a straight smooth wall section 88 covered by a thin smooth lining remains between the rounded corners. Especially when the number of vortex chamber corners is less than eight, a preferably lightweight and durable separator assembly can be provided in this manner.

FIG. 6 illustrates a separator assembly forming two vortices, reminiscent of the arrangement of two adjacent vortex chambers according to FIG. 4, but somewhat less expensive to construct. In this arrangement, the gas jet entering the reaction chamber 20 through the inlet duct 82 separated by the partition wall 90 strikes the opposite wall 60 vertically and swirls in opposite directions at the rounded vortex chamber ends. Divided into two whirlpools.

In the above-mentioned example, the number of corners of the vortex chamber is 6 or 8, but it may be another number, for example, 5 or 7. As the number of corners increases, the amount of refractory lining required for rounding decreases, but at the same time increases the number of water tube panels and manufacturing costs. Therefore, there is an optimal number of corners, typically 5-10.

Another factor that influences the advantage of the vortex chamber shape is the number of parallel walls in the configuration, which is higher in the even number of corners than in the odd number of corners, especially when the number of corners is higher. Often when divisible by four. Therefore, a particularly preferred number of vortex chamber corners is eight, but as mentioned above, in some cases the most advantageous configuration can be obtained with some other corner number.

Although the invention has been described herein by way of example with reference to what is presently considered to be the most preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications and combinations can be made from the disclosed embodiments. Want to be understood. Therefore, the present invention covers several other applications that fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1]   1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a fluidized bed reactor equipped with a centrifuge according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of another fluidized bed reactor equipped with a centrifuge according to the present invention.

[Figure 3]   FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the centrifuge of FIG. 1 or 2 taken along line AA.

[Figure 4]   FIG. 4 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 3, showing an alternative embodiment of a centrifuge according to the present invention.

[Figure 5]   FIG. 4 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 3, showing an alternative embodiment of a centrifuge according to the present invention.

[Figure 6]   FIG. 4 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 3, showing an alternative embodiment of a centrifuge according to the present invention.

[Procedure for Amendment] Submission for translation of Article 34 Amendment of Patent Cooperation Treaty

[Submission date] May 27, 2002 (2002.5.27)

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Contents of correction]

[Claims]

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Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A centrifuge assembly attached to a fluidized bed reactor for separating solid particles from gas discharged from a reaction chamber of the fluidized bed reactor, the vertical separator formed by a flat water tube panel. A vortex chamber horizontally defined by an outer wall extending to the interior of the wall, the interior of the wall being at least partially provided with a heat resistant lining, and the interior of the wall defining a gas space within the vortex chamber. , A vortex chamber in which at least one vertical gas vortex is established, at least one inlet for introducing gas from the reaction chamber into the gas space, and at least one for discharging clean gas from the gas space A centrifuge assembly having two outlets and at least one outlet for releasing separated solid particles from the gas space; An outer wall extending direction are formed at least one corner,
A centrifuge assembly wherein the angle between the sides of the outer wall is greater than 90 degrees and the corners are rounded by a heat resistant lining located inside the outer wall. 2. The vertically extending outer wall of the vortex chamber defines at least one corner, the angle between the sides of the outer wall is about 110 to 150 degrees, and the corner is of the outer wall. The centrifuge assembly of claim 1, wherein the centrifuge assembly is rounded by a heat resistant lining disposed inside. 3. A vertically extending outer wall facing the gas inlet is positioned substantially perpendicular to the gas inflow, and the next corner after the first collision in the gas flow direction is: The centrifuge assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that it is rounded by a heat-resistant lining arranged inside the outer wall, and the angle between the outer walls forming the corner is more than 90 degrees. 4. The vertically extending outer wall of the vortex chamber forms at least two corners, the angle between the sides of the outer wall is greater than 90 degrees, and the corner is inside the outer wall. The centrifuge assembly of claim 1, wherein the centrifuge assembly is rounded by a heat resistant lining. 5. The outer wall of the vortex chamber forms two corners, one of which is rounded by a heat-resistant lining arranged inside the outer wall so that the radius of curvature of the rounding is r _1. 2. The centrifuge assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the other is not rounded on the inside or rounded so that the radius of curvature of the rounding is different from r ₁ . 6. The vortex chamber has an angle between all adjacent vertically extending outer walls of greater than 90 degrees and each corner formed by the adjacent vertically extending outer walls of the vortex chamber has The centrifuge assembly according to claim 4, wherein the centrifuge assembly is rounded by a heat resistant lining provided inside. 7. The centrifuge assembly of claim 6, wherein the vertically extending outer wall of the vortex chamber defines a substantially regular polygon. 8. The angle formed by the outer wall is about 108 to 1, respectively.
The centrifuge assembly of claim 7, wherein the centrifuge assembly is 35 degrees. 9. The centrifuge assembly according to claim 8, wherein the angles formed by the outer walls are each about 135 degrees. 10. The centrifuge assembly of claim 1, wherein the centrifuge assembly comprises two separators sharing a common wall. 11. The centrifuge assembly of claim 1, wherein the separator and the reactor share a common wall section. 12. The assembly comprises two separators, a triangular free space being left between the separators, in which the reactor support structure,
Alternatively, a centrifuge assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that a supply duct or metering path is provided. 13. A triangular free space is left between the separator and the reactor in which there is an inlet duct for the gas discharged from the reaction chamber, or a supply duct or metering path. The centrifuge assembly according to claim 1, wherein the centrifuge assembly is provided. 14. The centrifuge assembly according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the separator is asymmetric and forms a unit integrated with the reaction chamber and the return duct. 15. A method for separating solid particles from the exhaust gas of a reaction chamber of a fluidized bed reactor in a centrifuge assembly, the centrifuge assembly comprising a vertical water tube panel formed vertically. A vortex chamber horizontally defined by an extending outer wall, the interior of the wall being at least partially provided with a refractory lining, which defines a gas space therein, the space having at least one vertical gas vortex. An established vortex chamber, at least one inlet for introducing gas from the reaction chamber into the gas space, at least one outlet for discharging clean gas from the gas space, and solid particles separated And at least one outlet for discharging gas from the gas space, wherein the gas discharged into the swirl chamber is Guided by the refractory lining on the inside to impinge on at least one corner that is rounded, solid particle separation method angle between the outer wall extending in the vertical direction of the corners, characterized in that more than 90 degrees.