ES2959279A1 - PALLET TRUCK, PALE AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FOR ROOF FORMWORK ELEMENTS - Google Patents
PALLET TRUCK, PALE AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FOR ROOF FORMWORK ELEMENTS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2959279A1 ES2959279A1 ES202230690A ES202230690A ES2959279A1 ES 2959279 A1 ES2959279 A1 ES 2959279A1 ES 202230690 A ES202230690 A ES 202230690A ES 202230690 A ES202230690 A ES 202230690A ES 2959279 A1 ES2959279 A1 ES 2959279A1
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- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- pallet
- support
- nails
- truck
- meters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
- B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
- B62B3/04—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment
- B62B3/06—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment for simply clearing the load from the ground
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/38—Details or accessories
- B65D19/44—Elements or devices for locating articles on platforms
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
Abstract
La presente invención concierne, en un primer aspecto, a una transpaleta (1) de transporte en obra de tableros de encofrado de techos, del tipo que comprende dos uñas (11) paralelas entre sí y las cuales comprenden unas ruedas de apoyo (11), donde el diámetro de las ruedas de apoyo (11) situadas en las uñas es mayor o igual a 160 mm. Un segundo aspecto concierne a un palé (2) para transpaletas () de transporte en obra de tableros de encofrado de techos, comprendiendo el palé unos medios de tarima, cuya superficie superior está configurada para soportar tableros de encofrado de techos, y unos elementos de soporte configurados para soportar los medios de tarima, donde la altura de elementos de soporte es superior a 160 mm. Un tercer aspecto concierne a un sistema de transporte que comprende dicha transpaleta y dicho palé.The present invention concerns, in a first aspect, a pallet truck (1) for transporting roof formwork boards on site, of the type that comprises two nails (11) parallel to each other and which comprise support wheels (11). , where the diameter of the support wheels (11) located on the nails is greater than or equal to 160 mm. A second aspect concerns a pallet (2) for pallet trucks () for transporting roof formwork boards on site, the pallet comprising pallet means, the upper surface of which is configured to support roof formwork boards, and some supporting elements. support configured to support pallet media, where the height of supporting elements is greater than 160 mm. A third aspect concerns a transportation system that comprises said pallet truck and said pallet.
Description
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
Transpaleta, palé y sistema de transporte de elementos de encofrados de techos Pallet truck, pallet and transport system for roof formwork elements
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención concierne a una transpaleta y a un palé que forman un sistema apto para transportar en las obras de varias plantas los tableros y otros elementos de encofrados de techos. The present invention concerns a pallet truck and a pallet that form a system suitable for transporting panels and other roof formwork elements on multi-story construction sites.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En la construcción de edificios, tras el fraguado parcial del techo de una planta, es habitual recuperar los elementos de encofrado para utilizarlos en el encofrado de la siguiente planta, excepto los puntales de reapuntalamiento que sustentan el techo hasta el fraguado completo. In building construction, after the partial setting of the roof of one floor, it is common to recover the formwork elements to use them in the formwork of the next floor, except for the re-shoring struts that support the roof until complete setting.
Dado que, una vez ya se ha colocado el techo, no es posible usar la grúa de obra, los elementos recuperados (puntales, vigas y tableros) deben trasladarse a las plataformas de carga y descarga (descritas en la norma UNE 180.401:2010) que se instalan en un extremo de la planta, a modo de balcón postizo, para izar dichos elementos hasta la siguiente planta. Since, once the roof has been placed, it is not possible to use the construction crane, the recovered elements (struts, beams and boards) must be transferred to the loading and unloading platforms (described in the UNE 180.401:2010 standard). which are installed at one end of the floor, as a false balcony, to lift said elements to the next floor.
Este movimiento de todos y cada uno de los componentes del encofrado lo deben realizar a mano los operarios de la obra, lo que resulta caro para la empresa constructora, ya que es lento e intensivo en horas de mano de obra, a la vez que físicamente duro y peligroso, debido al peso de los componentes y a los restos de obra con los que se pueden tropezar a su paso. This movement of each and every one of the components of the formwork must be carried out by hand by the construction workers, which is expensive for the construction company, since it is slow and intensive in hours of labor, as well as physically hard and dangerous, due to the weight of the components and the remains of the work that can be tripped over as they pass.
Para el transporte de cargas son conocidos en el campo de la manutención industrial los palés o paletas, que son armazones realizados habitualmente en madera o plástico y que facilitan la manipulación con el empleo de transpaletas. Por su parte, las transpaletas emplean ruedas o rodillos de pequeño diámetro bajo los extremos de sus uñas para posibilitar su entrada bajo los palés. Dado que en el momento de desencofrar caen pequeños restos de hormigón similares a la grava, el tránsito en obra mediante transpaletas convencionales se hace imposible, ya que las ruedas de pequeño diámetro no pueden superar los pequeños fragmentos de hormigón que encuentra a su paso. For transporting loads, pallets or pallets are known in the field of industrial handling, which are frames usually made of wood or plastic and that facilitate handling with the use of pallet trucks. For their part, pallet trucks use small diameter wheels or rollers under the ends of their nails to enable their entry under the pallets. Since small pieces of concrete similar to gravel fall out at the time of stripping, movement on site using conventional pallet trucks becomes impossible, since the small diameter wheels cannot overcome the small fragments of concrete in their path.
Existen en el mercado transpaletas específicas para obra, que equipan ruedas de gran diámetro situadas en los laterales de un bastidor, las cuales son adecuadas para manipular ladrillos. El inconveniente de estas transpaletas es que su anchura es muy grande, al llevar las ruedas a ambos lados de la carga, y no permiten llevar paquetes largos, sólo palés de 1,2 x 1,2 metros. Tanto la anchura, que impide pasar entre dichos puntales de reapuntalamiento, como la limitación de las dimensiones de la carga a transportar, los hace inviables para mover componentes como puntales o tableros. Estas transpaletas sólo se emplean una vez la planta ha sido completamente desapuntalada. There are construction-specific pallet trucks on the market, which have large diameter wheels located on the sides of a frame, which are suitable for handling bricks. The drawback of these pallet trucks is that their width is very large, as the wheels are on both sides of the load, and they do not allow long packages to be carried, only 1.2 x 1.2 meter pallets. Both the width, which prevents passing between said re-shoring struts, and the limitation of the dimensions of the load to be transported, make them unviable for moving components such as struts or panels. These pallet trucks are only used once the plant has been completely unpropped.
Por tanto, todavía hay necesidad de un sistema de transporte apto para obras de edificios, que evite acarrear a mano los elementos de encofrado recuperados en cada planta. Therefore, there is still a need for a transport system suitable for building works, which avoids carrying the recovered formwork elements by hand on each floor.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención concierne, en un primer aspecto, a una transpaleta apta para transportar elementos de encofrados de techos en interiores de obras, donde el tránsito mediante transpaletas convencionales se hace imposible porque se quedan trabadas con los restos de obra (como por ejemplo fragmentos de hormigón) que se encuentran a su paso. The present invention concerns, in a first aspect, a pallet truck suitable for transporting elements of ceiling formwork inside construction sites, where transit using conventional pallet trucks becomes impossible because they become stuck with the remains of the work (such as fragments of concrete) that are in their path.
La transpaleta de la presente invención, igual que las transpaletas convencionales, comprende dos brazos o uñas, paralelas entre sí y las cuales, por uno de sus extremos, están unidas a un cabezal en el que se sitúan unas ruedas directrices y un sistema de elevación y, por el otro lado, comprenden unas ruedas de apoyo. The pallet truck of the present invention, like conventional pallet trucks, comprises two arms or claws, parallel to each other and which, at one end, are attached to a head in which steering wheels and a lifting system are located. and, on the other hand, they include support wheels.
A diferencia de las transpaletas convencionales, la transpaleta propuesta se caracteriza en que el diámetro de las ruedas de apoyo situadas en las uñas es mayor o igual a 160 mm. Ello permite, aparte de que las ruedas sean capaces de remontar mayores obstáculos, que la altura de la superficie superior de las uñas sea igual o mayor a 160 mm, por lo que la carga queda distanciada del suelo 160 mm o más. Además, permite que la altura de la superficie inferior de las uñas (es decir, la distancia de separación respecto al suelo) sea mayor que en las transpaletas convencionales. Gracias al presente tamaño de diámetro de las ruedas y a las consiguientes alturas de las uñas, ni las ruedas quedan trabadas ni los tableros colisionan con los restos habituales de obra que se encuentran a su paso. Unlike conventional pallet trucks, the proposed pallet truck is characterized in that the diameter of the support wheels located on the nails is greater than or equal to 160 mm. This allows, in addition to the wheels being able to overcome larger obstacles, the height of the upper surface of the nails to be equal to or greater than 160 mm, so that the load remains 160 mm or more from the ground. In addition, it allows the height of the lower surface of the claws (i.e., the separation distance from the ground) to be greater than in conventional pallet trucks. Thanks to the present diameter size of the wheels and the consequent heights of the nails, neither the wheels become stuck nor the boards collide with the usual construction remains that are in their path.
De forma preferente, la longitud de las uñas es igual o inferior a 2 metros y superior a 1,2 metros, siendo preferentemente superior a 1,5 metros, y aún más preferentemente igual o superior a 1,8 metros. Preferably, the length of the nails is equal to or less than 2 meters and greater than 1.2 meters, preferably greater than 1.5 meters, and even more preferably equal to or greater than 1.8 meters.
Un segundo aspecto de la presente invención concierne a un palé configurado para transportar elementos de encofrados de techos y especialmente apto para su uso junto con la transpaleta descrita anteriormente. Igual que los palés convencionales, el palé propuesto comprende: A second aspect of the present invention concerns a pallet configured to transport roof formwork elements and especially suitable for use in conjunction with the pallet truck described above. Like conventional pallets, the proposed pallet includes:
- unos medios de tarima que definen una superficie superior configurada para cargar elementos de encofrados de techos (principalmente tableros de encofrado), y - unos correspondientes elementos de soporte configurados para soportar los medios de tarima a una altura suficiente respecto al suelo como para que las uñas de una transpaleta, en especial las de la descrita anteriormente, puedan pasar por debajo y alzar el palé. - pallet means defining an upper surface configured to carry roof formwork elements (mainly formwork boards), and - corresponding support elements configured to support the pallet means at a sufficient height with respect to the ground so that the nails of a pallet truck, especially those described above, can pass under and lift the pallet.
A diferencia de los palés convencionales, el palé propuesto se caracteriza en que la altura de los elementos de soporte es superior a 160 mm, o dicho de otra forma, que la superficie inferior de los medios de tarima tiene una altura o separación respecto al suelo superior a 160 mm, siendo apta para que las uñas de la transpaleta descrita anteriormente puedan entrar por debajo. Unlike conventional pallets, the proposed pallet is characterized in that the height of the support elements is greater than 160 mm, or in other words, that the lower surface of the pallet means has a height or separation from the ground greater than 160 mm, being suitable so that the nails of the pallet truck described above can enter underneath.
Preferentemente, la longitud del palé es igual o inferior a 2 metros y superior a 1,2 metros, siendo preferentemente superior a 1,5 metros, y aún más preferentemente igual o superior a 1,8 metros. También preferentemente, la anchura del palé se encuentra definida por la de los medios de tarima, cuya magnitud es de alrededor de un metro, que es la anchura equivalente a la de dos tableros convencionales. Preferably, the length of the pallet is equal to or less than 2 meters and greater than 1.2 meters, preferably greater than 1.5 meters, and even more preferably equal to or greater than 1.8 meters. Also preferably, the width of the pallet is defined by that of the pallet means, whose magnitude is around one meter, which is the width equivalent to that of two conventional boards.
En una posible realización del palé, los medios de tarima están definidos por al menos dos perfiles transversales, preferentemente metálicos, dispuestos perpendicularmente a la dirección longitudinal del palé (estando definida la dirección longitudinal del palé como la dirección cuya dimensión entre extremos es mayor), a la vez que sus respectivas superficies superiores coinciden en un mismo plano horizontal. Preferiblemente, dichos perfiles transversales se encuentran separados una distancia menor a la longitud de los tableros estándar, para facilitar el izado de la carga mediante eslingas, como por ejemplo, una distancia alrededor de la mitad de dicha longitud, es decir, aproximadamente un metro. De forma preferente, los perfiles transversales están constituidos por perfiles huecos, para permitir el paso de flejes a través de ellos y amarrar la carga al palé. In a possible embodiment of the pallet, the pallet means are defined by at least two transverse profiles, preferably metallic, arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the pallet (the longitudinal direction of the pallet being defined as the direction whose dimension between ends is greater), at the same time that their respective upper surfaces coincide in the same horizontal plane. Preferably, said transverse profiles are separated by a distance less than the length of the standard boards, to facilitate the lifting of the load using slings, such as a distance around half of said length, that is, approximately one meter. Preferably, the transverse profiles are made up of hollow profiles, to allow the passage of straps through them and tie the load to the pallet.
Con relación a los elementos de soporte del palé, preferiblemente comprenden dos largueros dispuestos en dirección longitudinal, a los cuales se encuentran fijados los medios de tarima. De forma preferente, los largueros deben estar separados entre sí una distancia suficiente como para que en medio quepan las uñas de la transpaleta, las cuales habitualmente ocupan unos 600 mm de ancho. En una implementación preferente, los largueros tienen forma de U invertida, o dicho de otra forma, tienen dos patas cada uno (por ejemplo, comprendiendo cada larguero un perfil longitudinal y dos perfiles verticales soldados en los extremos del perfil longitudinal), de forma que disponen de un hueco para el acceso de las uñas de una transpaleta también en la dirección transversal. De forma preferente, los largueros están constituidos por perfiles huecos, para permitir el paso de flejes a través de ellos y amarrar la carga al palé. In relation to the support elements of the pallet, they preferably comprise two stringers arranged in a longitudinal direction, to which the pallet means are fixed. Preferably, the stringers should be separated from each other by a sufficient distance so that the nails of the pallet truck can fit in between, which usually occupy about 600 mm wide. In a preferred implementation, the stringers are inverted U-shaped, or in other words, they have two legs each (for example, each stringer comprising a longitudinal profile and two vertical profiles welded to the ends of the longitudinal profile), so that They have a hole for access of the claws of a pallet truck also in the transverse direction. Preferably, the stringers are made up of hollow profiles, to allow straps to pass through them and tie the load to the pallet.
Un tercer aspecto de la presente invención concierne a un sistema de transporte apto para transportar tableros de encofrado de techos en interiores de obras, el cual comprende una transpaleta y un palé según cualquiera de los descritos anteriormente. A third aspect of the present invention concerns a transport system suitable for transporting ceiling formwork boards inside construction sites, which comprises a pallet truck and a pallet according to any of those described above.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figura 1.- Es una vista en perspectiva de una realización de la transpaleta. Figure 1.- It is a perspective view of one embodiment of the pallet truck.
Figura 2.- Es una vista en perspectiva de una realización del palé. Figure 2.- It is a perspective view of one embodiment of the pallet.
Figura 3.- Es una vista en perspectiva de una realización del sistema de transporte con una carga de ejemplo. Figure 3.- It is a perspective view of an embodiment of the transportation system with an example load.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A la vista de las mencionadas figuras y, de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada, se describe a continuación un ejemplo de realización de la transpaleta (1), del palé (2) y del sistema de transporte (3). In view of the aforementioned figures and, in accordance with the numbering adopted, an example of the realization of the pallet truck (1), the pallet (2) and the transport system (3) is described below.
En la figura 1 se encuentra representada una realización de la transpaleta (1), la cual comprende dos uñas (11) paralelas entre sí, unidas a un cabezal en el que se sitúan unas ruedas directrices () y un sistema de elevación (). Por el otro lado, las uñas (11) comprenden unas ruedas de apoyo (12) cuyo diámetro es igual a 180 mm. A su vez, la altura de la superficie superior de las uñas (11), en su posición de reposo o inferior, es prácticamente igual al diámetro de las ruedas de apoyo (12), mientras que la longitud de las uñas (11) es de 1,8 metros. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the pallet truck (1), which comprises two nails (11) parallel to each other, attached to a head in which steering wheels () and a lifting system () are located. On the other hand, the nails (11) comprise support wheels (12) whose diameter is equal to 180 mm. In turn, the height of the upper surface of the nails (11), in their rest or lower position, is practically equal to the diameter of the support wheels (12), while the length of the nails (11) is 1.8 meters.
En la figura 2 se encuentra representada una realización del palé (2), el cual comprende unos medios de tarima definidos por dos perfiles transversales (21) y cuyas superficies superiores coinciden en un mismo plano horizontal. El palé (2) también comprende unos largueros (22) a modo de elementos de soporte, los cuales soportan dichos perfiles transversales (21), y que a su vez están definidos por: Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the pallet (2), which comprises pallet means defined by two transverse profiles (21) and whose upper surfaces coincide in the same horizontal plane. The pallet (2) also includes stringers (22) as support elements, which support said transverse profiles (21), and which in turn are defined by:
- dos perfiles longitudinales (22a) de 1,8 metros de longitud y - two longitudinal profiles (22a) 1.8 meters long and
- unas respectivas patas (22b) soldadas en los extremos de los perfiles longitudinales (22a). - respective legs (22b) welded to the ends of the longitudinal profiles (22a).
La altura de estos elementos de soporte, es decir, la altura de los perfiles longitudinales (22a) junto con las patas (22b), es superior a 160 mm, de forma que la superficie inferior de los perfiles transversales (21) queda a una altura superior a 160 mm. The height of these support elements, that is, the height of the longitudinal profiles (22a) together with the legs (22b), is greater than 160 mm, so that the lower surface of the transverse profiles (21) is at a height height greater than 160 mm.
Por su parte, en la figura 3 se muestra una realización del sistema de transporte (3) que comprende la transpaleta (1) y el palé (2) de las realizaciones descritas anteriormente, el cual sen encuentra cargado con dos columnas de tableros de encofrados de techos. For its part, Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the transport system (3) that includes the pallet truck (1) and the pallet (2) of the embodiments described above, which is loaded with two columns of formwork boards. of roofs.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES202230690A ES2959279A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2022-07-28 | PALLET TRUCK, PALE AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FOR ROOF FORMWORK ELEMENTS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES202230690A ES2959279A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2022-07-28 | PALLET TRUCK, PALE AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FOR ROOF FORMWORK ELEMENTS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2959279A1 true ES2959279A1 (en) | 2024-02-22 |
Family
ID=89942699
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES202230690A Pending ES2959279A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2022-07-28 | PALLET TRUCK, PALE AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FOR ROOF FORMWORK ELEMENTS |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2959279A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES118116U (en) * | 1965-12-15 | 1966-02-01 | Garcia Fernandez Jesus Jose | Loading palette. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CH447938A (en) * | 1966-11-03 | 1967-11-30 | Kempf & Co Ag | Transport equipment such as forklifts, pallet trucks etc. with support rollers |
| FR2190083A5 (en) * | 1972-06-23 | 1974-01-25 | Gauthey Roger | |
| GB1360784A (en) * | 1972-02-10 | 1974-07-24 | Everitube | Handling pallet for corrugated sheets |
| WO1998055351A1 (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-10 | Harmelerwaard Patents B.V. | Assembly for transporting pallets, containers and the like, and the use of such an assembly |
| CN205418841U (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-08-03 | 河南豫光冶金机械制造有限公司 | Multi -functional fork truck tray |
-
2022
- 2022-07-28 ES ES202230690A patent/ES2959279A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES118116U (en) * | 1965-12-15 | 1966-02-01 | Garcia Fernandez Jesus Jose | Loading palette. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CH447938A (en) * | 1966-11-03 | 1967-11-30 | Kempf & Co Ag | Transport equipment such as forklifts, pallet trucks etc. with support rollers |
| GB1360784A (en) * | 1972-02-10 | 1974-07-24 | Everitube | Handling pallet for corrugated sheets |
| FR2190083A5 (en) * | 1972-06-23 | 1974-01-25 | Gauthey Roger | |
| WO1998055351A1 (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-10 | Harmelerwaard Patents B.V. | Assembly for transporting pallets, containers and the like, and the use of such an assembly |
| CN205418841U (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-08-03 | 河南豫光冶金机械制造有限公司 | Multi -functional fork truck tray |
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