ES2949048T3 - Load retention device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a holding device (1) for a load (2) with a flange (3) arranged on at least one end, the holding device (1) being able to be arranged on a crane-type hoist and at least two in a lower part (4) of the flange (3) it has support surfaces (6) that can be arranged and locked around the flange (3) at an equal angle to each other, with at least one clamping device (7) . In the clamping device (1), corresponding to each support surface (6), there is provided and by means of the respective clamping device (7), an upper side (5) of the flange (3) and/or an area of casing adjacent to the On the flange (3) a force independent of the transport process and/or a force independent of the transport process can be applied. A positive connection can be established between the clamping device (1) and the flange (3). (Automatic translation with Google Translate, without legal value)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Load retention device

The invention relates to a load retention device with a flange, the retention device having at least one support surface that can be arranged under the flange on a lower side of the flange.

Such devices have been known for several years, such as from DE 102011 011 603 A1, EP 2402278 A1 and EP 2661408 B1. Document EP 2837741 A2 discloses a retention device according to the preamble of claim 1.

In connection with the use of known retaining devices, it has been discovered that in the case of increasingly larger loads, a strong load stress occurs in the area of the connection of the flange to the wall, i.e. the surrounding surface. If, for example, elongated tubular loads are transported, which have a flange on at least one front side, deformations may occur in the area described above in connection with the transport operation.

In this regard, it must be taken into account that such elongated tubular loads are generally stored horizontally on the ground. If a known device is attached to a flange, then already during the lifting of the pipes to a vertical position, considerable stresses occur on the above-described area of the flange/surround surface. During transport, in particular when the load begins to vibrate, deformations occur more frequently in the area of the flange/enveloping surface. Thus, the flange opens by bending in the area in which it is arranged on the surrounding surface. Attempts have been made to prevent this in the past by using clamping means acting through a lever mechanism, which act on the flange above its bearing surface in a retaining device, EP 2661 408 B1.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the device only deploys its action in the vertical position and not when lifting a corresponding load. Furthermore, there is a danger that in the case of dynamic movements of the load, the known device does not deploy its full action. Furthermore, depending on the type of loads to be transported, i.e. depending on the type of wall thickness of the load, different lever devices must be used, because the lever ratio varies. Thus the value represented in Figure 2 in document EP 2 661 408 B1 varies and when, for example, the wall thickness of the filler increases or decreases. However, if this ratio varies, then the flange is stressed with either too little or too much force by the tightening means.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a holding device for transporting corresponding loads with a flange, i.e. for example tubular piles, in which a bending opening of a flange of a load that must be transport

This objective is achieved according to the invention by the characteristics of main claim 1 and additional claim 9, the dependent claims containing additional configuration variants according to the invention of these solutions.

According to this, the retaining device for a load, a flange arranged at at least one end, which is generally (but not necessarily for the invention) configured in a circumferential manner, has the following characteristics.

The holding device can be arranged in a known manner on a crane-type lifting device and has at least two, preferably three, interlocking support surfaces that can be arranged on a lower side of the flange, on the internal loading side. or tube, surrounding the flange at the same angle with respect to each other and consequently, in the load, with at least one hold-down device being provided in the retaining device, corresponding to each support surface, and by means of the respective hold-down can be requested. an upper side of the flange and/or a wrapping area that follows the flange with a force independent of a transport operation, i.e. a lift.

The force that can be exerted by the respective gripper independently of the transport operation can be ensured by means of an actuator, that is, for example, by means of a hydraulic device or by means of an electric or combustion motor.

The force that can be applied by the respective clamp has at most the value, which exists as a static or dynamic tensile force acting in the opposite direction on the at least one support surface on the underside of the flange, when the load is suspended or vibrates in a suspended manner in the retention device, the load being suspended in a substantially free manner.

Furthermore, it can be foreseen that a drag can be established independently of the transport operation between the retaining device and the flange, the upper side of the flange being able to be applied within the framework of the invention by means of the respective hold-down device with a force independent of the transport operation.

Furthermore, in a complementary manner it may be planned to use the above-mentioned variants in each case individually or in combination, i.e. also in a mixed manner, in a retaining device. Thus, for example, it may be advantageous that on a support surface, in the case of a horizontal position of the load, directed towards the surface of the Earth, a drag can be established by means of the gripper independently of the transport operation between the retaining device and the flange, which can be advantageous during lifting the load to a vertical position. Additionally (as provided exclusively for additional support surfaces) by means of the corresponding hold-down the upper side of the flange can then be applied with a force independent of the transport operation.

In this regard, a force independent of the transport operation is not one that is generated, as deduced for example from document EP 2661 408 B1, due to the position and self-weight of the load, that is, as in the case of suspension of the load on a hook and the tensile forces that consequently act vertically.

In the sense of the invention, load should be understood to mean substantially those loads, which serve for example as foundation piles or construction elements of a wind turbine. However, other loads with a high weight, which as a rule amounts to more than 1 ton, are also taken into account.

In this regard, the respective hold-down (at least one hold-down per supporting surface) is guided independently of the lifting operation on the upper side of the flange and/or in the shell area following the flange, until it is It rests on the flange or on the envelope area that follows the flange and acts on it. The consequence is that the flange no longer opens by bending or opens less when force acts on the upper side of the flange, that is, when the load is suspended or even when the load is taken from a horizontal to a horizontal position. . A forceful loading of the casing area, in particular the external casing area, is particularly advantageous during lifting from the horizontal lying position to a horizontal position, because this allows the retaining device to engage even better and thus is also possible an action against the traction forces that act on the surrounding surface.

Furthermore, there is the possibility that the necessary force that can be requested by the respective hold-down can be determined by means of a suitable measuring device and then the force that can be requested by the hold-down is adapted to the value that exists as a dynamic tensile force acting on the opposite direction on the at least one support surface on the underside of the flange, when the load vibrates suspended in the retaining device.

In particular, a vibration of the load can be determined by the measuring device. If the measuring device is coupled with a control of the respective gripper, the force that can be exerted by the respective gripper can thus be adapted to the dynamic tensile force of the load.

The respective hold-down is arranged on the retaining device in such a way that there is a defined distance between a support of the flange on the support surface of the retaining device and an effective surface of the force that can be applied above the flange by the respective stepper. In this regard, the defined distance is preferably determined in such a way that it leads to the generation of a lever in favor of the force to be requested by the respective depressor. To prevent the flange from opening by bending, due to the leverage created by the defined distance, a reduced force loading of the upper side of the load flange is necessary.

In this regard, the respective hold-down device can be moved radially and/or the support surfaces of the retaining device can be moved.

The respective gripper is movable on the retaining device preferably in such a way that its distance can be varied with respect to the support surface and thus to a certain extent with respect to an external envelope area, i.e. the external side of a wall of the load, towards an internal edge of the flange, specifically according to demand. In this way, a lever ratio can be varied by a distance support and a center line of the load-bearing wall.

The imaginary center lines form the center point or center of the lever action forces formed by the device and serve to more simply illustrate the mode of action of the device and the procedure.

Thus, in the case of a different wall thickness or shape of the load, the leverage ratio can be adapted. Furthermore, this serves for the improved arrangement of the load retaining device.

Specifically, if the distance y increases, for example in the case of different envelope wall thicknesses from the load, then the distance x must be increased somewhat, in order to maintain a selected leverage ratio and not have to increase a force load of the stepper. Furthermore, the lever ratio can also be varied so that the distance y is, at a predefined value, greater than the distance of the flange. The retaining device can thus also be used in a more variable manner.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the respective gripper has a clamping element with a clamping surface. The clamping element can be applied with a force on the upper side of the flange and/or in the envelope area following the load flange. The clamping surface can be arranged on the upper side of the flange and/or in the surrounding area following the flange and can therefore be designed and adapted depending on the configuration of the flange, i.e. its shape. Within the framework of a possible configuration, the clamping element of the respective hold-down can partially cover the upper side of the flange and partially cover the outer sheath area following the flange, which can be advantageous in the case of a transporting cargo from a horizontal to a vertical position.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the flange can be surrounded by the respective at least one form-fitting stopper and that in this regard the support surface of the retaining device can accommodate the underside of the form-fitting flange. By means of a form-fitting, a substantially larger surface area is created, on which the forces that would otherwise only act on the flange are applied.

In this regard, in a further configuration, the respective hold-down can flatly surround the upper side of the flange and an external envelope area following the load flange, when it is in operation. In this regard, the support surface of the retaining element can rest flatly on the underside of the flange and an internal sheath area following the load flange.

In a further embodiment of the invention a holding arrangement is requested which consists of a retaining device described above for loads with a flange and a load with a flange.

In this regard, it may be provided that an upper side of the flange or a casing area following the flange is subjected to a force independent of a transport operation, i.e., for example, a lifting, or that it is establish a drag independently of a transport operation, that is to say a lift, between the retaining device and the flange, a combination of the three alternatives also being interesting in the framework of technical education.

Lifting should be understood as a change of position from a horizontal to a vertical position, as well as transportation in the vertical position. To a certain extent all other transport positions are also covered. Precisely due to the independence of the force loading of the flange with respect to a transport operation, i.e. a lifting, the fixing arrangement is persistently raised from known devices, which then only deploy their action, when the load is suspended vertically.

Within the framework of the method, it may further be provided that the force requested by the at least one hold-down adopts the value that exists as a tensile force acting in the opposite direction on the at least one support surface on the underside of the flange, when the load is freely suspended in the restraint device.

In a certain way, it can be provided that the force requested by the at least one hold-down adapts to the value that exists as a dynamic tensile force acting in the opposite direction on the at least one support surface on the lower side of the flange, when the load vibrates suspended in the retention device.

This adapts the forces acting through the hold-down according to the load and, consequently, reduces the risk of damage to the flange due to opening due to bending.

By means of the solution according to the invention, a holding device is provided, in which the danger of a bending opening of a flange of a load to be transported is largely reduced or optimized compared to the state of the art. In a preferred configuration, it is also possible to adapt to different loads, that is, to different tube wall thicknesses, since the hold-down can be moved. Additionally, there is improved protection of the flange in the event of lifting the load from a horizontal to a vertical position.

The invention will now be further explained by means of an embodiment example with reference to the figures. In this regard, additional advantages, features and configurations of the invention are obtained.

They show:

Figure 1, a retention device according to the invention with three support surfaces in oblique perspective with arranged load,

Figure 2, a holding device according to the invention with three support surfaces in a plan view with load arranged,

Figure 3, a partial representation of a retention device with a load arranged.

In the exemplary embodiment, a retaining device 1 is described for an elongated, tubular load 2, i.e. large-format tubes for use as foundation piles in offshore wind turbines, which have a surrounding flange arranged in a extreme. The holding device 1 is constructed in a known manner in the exemplary embodiment with three arms and can be arranged in a crane-type lifting device in a certain manner in a known manner via bend-resistant or non-flex-resistant loading means. , and in the exemplary embodiment it presents three interlocking gripping elements 11, which can be arranged on a lower side 4 of the flange 3, on the inner side of the tube, at the same angle with respect to each other surrounding the flange 3. and, consequently, in the load, with support surfaces 6, the gripping elements 11 being movably arranged at free ends of the three arms. However, this is only schematically represented in the exemplary embodiment.

In the exemplary embodiment, the respective support surfaces 6 of the retaining device 1 rest on the underside 4 of the flange 3 in the area of the load wall 2. The support surfaces 6 rest on the flange 3. Above the flange 3, in the retaining device 1 on each gripping element 11, two grippers 7 are provided, corresponding to each support surface 6. The respective gripper 7 is arranged at a defined distance with respect to the respective support surface 6 towards an internal edge 12 of the flange 3. By means of the respective hold-down 7, the upper side 5 of the flange 3 can be applied with a force independent of a transport operation, figure 1 and figure 2. The application with Force is guaranteed by an actuator, in the exemplary embodiment a hydraulic control. The respective clamps 7 have a clamping element 8 with a clamping surface 9. The clamping element 8 can be applied with a force on the upper side 5 of the flange 3 of the load 2, when the load 2 is transported. The gripper 7 can move radially on the retaining device 1, in the exemplary embodiment on the gripping element 11, so that its distance can be varied with respect to the support surface 6 and thus to a certain extent with respect to the area of external casing 10, that is, the external side of the load wall 2, towards the internal edge 12 of the flange 3, according to the demand, as can be seen from Figure 3. In this way, a ratio of lever, by a distance of the wall of the load 2. Thus, in the case of the arrangement of the retaining device 1 on the load 2, an adaptation of the force to be requested by means of the hold-down 7 can already be carried out.

Furthermore, depending on the arrangement of the retaining device 1, the force with which it can be actuated by means of the hold-down 7 can be adapted to the conditions of the environment, that is to say to a vibration, or to the load 2. The device thus provided presents the advantageous characteristics already mentioned with respect to the state of the art and particularly confers greater security against deformation of the flange.

Reference number list:

1. retention device

2. load

3. flange

4. Bottom side of flange

5. top side of flange

6. support surface

7. stepper

8. tightening element

9. clamping surface

10. external envelope zone

11. grip elements

12. inner flange edge

Claims (9)

1. Retention device (1) for a load (2) with a flange (3) arranged on at least one end, in which the retention device (1) can be arranged on a crane-type lifting device and has at least two support surfaces (6) that can be interlocked and arranged on a lower side (4) of the flange (3) at the same angle with respect to each other surrounding the flange (3), in which on the device of retention (1) at least one hold-down (7) is provided, corresponding to each support surface (6), and by means of the respective hold-down (7) an upper side (5) of the flange (3) can be requested and/or a wrapping zone that follows the flange (3) with a force independent of a transport operation, and characterized in that the force that can be exerted by the respective pusher (7) can be ensured by means of an actuator, as well as that the force that can be requested by the respective pusher (7) has at most the value, which is applied as a dynamic or static traction force acting in the opposite direction on said at least one support surface (6) on the lower side (4) of the flange (3), when the load (2) is suspended or vibrates in a manner suspended in the retention device (1). 2. Retention device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the respective hold-down (7) is arranged on the retention device (1) in such a way that there is a defined distance between a support of the flange (3) on the support surface (6) of the retention device (1) and an effective surface of the force that can be requested above the flange (3) by the respective hold-down (7). 3. Retention device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the respective gripper (7) is radially displaceable and/or the support surfaces (6) of the retention device (1) are displaceable. 4. Retention device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective hold-down (7) is movable on the retention device (1), in such a way that its distance with respect to the support surface can be varied. (6) in the direction towards an internal edge (12) of the flange (3). 5. Retaining device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective hold-down (7) has a clamping element (8) with a clamping surface (9) and the clamping element (8) can be ordered with a force on the upper side of the flange (3) and/or in the wrapping area following the load flange (2) and the clamping surface (9) can be arranged on the upper side of the flange ( 3) and/or in the envelope area that follows the flange (3). 6. Retention device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flange (3) can be surrounded by the respective clamp (7) in a positive manner and the support surface (6) of the retention device ( 1) can accommodate the lower side (4) of the flange (3) in a positive manner. 7. Retention device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective stopper (7) can surround an upper side (5) of the flange (3) and an external wrapping area (10) that follows the flange (3) of the load (2) flat and the support surface (6) of the retaining element can rest flatly on the lower side (4) of the flange (3) and an internal wrapping area that follows the flange (3) of the load (2). 8. Holding device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding device (1) has a measuring device, by means of which a vibration of the load (2) can be determined, the measuring device being coupled with a control of the hold-down (7) and the force that can be exerted by the respective hold-down (7) can thus be adapted to the dynamic traction force of the load (2). 9. Fixing arrangement of a retaining device (1) for loads (2) with a flange (3) according to one of the preceding claims with a load (2) with a flange (3).