ES2925601A2 - Method for producing vehicle trims - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing vehicle trims, comprising the provision of identical trim parts (4) and the manufacturing, using said trim parts (4), of first trims (2) provided with a molded portion (6) on the front face (4A) of their trim part (4) and second trims (15) without a molded part (6) on the front face (4A) of their trim part (4), the production of each first trim (2) comprising a step of piercing an injection orifice (14) passing through the trim part (4), the positioning of the trim part (4) in the mold (46) and the injection of a molding material into the mold on the side of a rear face (4B) of the trim part (4) such that the molding material passes through the injection orifice (14) to form a molded part (6) on a front face (4A) of the trim part (4).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Manufacturing procedure for trims for vehicles

The present invention relates to the field of trims for vehicles, for example for motor vehicles.

Document US4783298A refers to the manufacture of a motorized vehicle part comprising a product molded by the technique known as "Sheet Molding Compound" (or SMC), that is, by stacking and compression molding. of a plurality of resin sheets containing reinforcing fibers, and an appearance coating that covers the entire front face of the molded product It proposes the use of a mold for compression molding the molded product, the mold further comprising a punch to pierce an injection hole in the molded product and an injection device for injecting a coating material into the mold on the side of a rear face of the molded product, so that the coating material passes through the injection hole and covers the front face of the product to form the appearance coating.In particular, the coating material is a two-component thermosetting resin is that it is mixed in a mixer before injection into the mold.

One of the objectives of the invention is to propose a method for manufacturing trims for vehicles that makes it possible to obtain trims with a high perceived quality, while limiting manufacturing costs.

To this end, the invention proposes a method of manufacturing trim for vehicles that comprises supplying identical trim pieces, each trim piece having a front face intended to be visible and a rear face opposite the front face, and manufacturing, from these trim pieces, first trims provided with a molded part on the front face of their trim piece and second trims without a molded part on the front face of their trim piece, comprising the manufacture of each first piece trim a step of drilling, in the trim, an injection hole through the trim between the back face and the front face, placing the trim in a mold defining a molding cavity with the front face of the trim piece and the injection of a molding material into the mold on the side of the rear face of the trim piece, so that the molding material passes through e he injection hole and fill the mold cavity to form a molded part on the front face of the trim piece.

By molding a molded part on the front panel through a hole through the trim piece, the molded part can be produced without damaging or affecting the front face, with high perceived quality.

Molding can be an additional operation that is performed only on the trim pieces of the first trims and not on those of the second trims, which makes it easier to obtain first trims and second trims, for example, for different finishes of the same vehicle model, or for different vehicle models that use the same trim parts.

In certain embodiments, the manufacturing process comprises one or more of the following optional features, taken alone or in any technically possible combination:

- the molded part only covers a part of the front face of the trim piece; - comprises inserting a cannula into the injection hole before injection of the molding material;

- the trim piece and the cannula are configured such that the cannula mounted on the trim piece is flush with the front face of the trim piece;

- the cannula is made in two parts including a front part and a rear part configured to be inserted into the injection hole respectively from the front face side and the back face side, the front part and the rear part being fixed joints through the injection hole;

- the front and rear parts are fixed to each other by pressure;

- the front part and the rear part each comprise a tube section which forms a tube when the front part and the rear part are joined;

- at least one of the front parts and the rear part has a rim extending radially outwards from one end of the tube section of said part, the rim being adapted to support the front or rear face of the trim piece when said part is inserted into the injection hole;

- comprises the formation of the injection hole in the trim piece, for example, by means of a punch;

- the trim piece has a ventilation hole for the evacuation of the gases present in the molding cavity during the injection of the molding material;

- the molding material is a thermosetting polymer, for example polyurethane; - the injection pressure of the molding material in the mold is less than 50 MPa, in particular less than 1,500 kPa;

- the trim piece is laminated and comprises several superimposed layers between the rear face and the front face;

- the trim piece comprises a front layer defining the front face of the trim piece and a rear layer defining the rear face of the trim piece;

- the trim piece comprises at least one intermediate layer interposed between the back layer and the front layer;

- the mold has an injection channel for injecting molding material through the injection opening, the injection channel opening through an injection outlet which is at least partially offset from a front opening through which Open the injection opening at the front of the trim piece.

The invention also relates to a set of trims for vehicles made with identical trim pieces, each trim piece having a front face intended to be visible and a rear face opposite the front face, the set of trims comprising first trims for mutually identical vehicles and second trims for vehicles, the first trims for vehicles differ from the second ones in that each first trim for vehicles is provided with a molded part formed on the front face of the trim piece, each second trim being devoid of said molded part.

The invention and its advantages will be better understood by reading the following description, given only as a non-limiting example, and made with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vehicle trim composed of a trim piece and a molded part located on a front face of the trim piece;

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second trim piece formed by a trim piece identical to that of the first trim piece in Figure 1, but without a molded part;

- Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tool for cutting an injection hole in a trim piece;

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the trim piece, illustrating the mounting of a cannula in the injection orifice;

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mold for molding a molded part on the front face of the trim piece, to obtain a first trim;

Figure 6 illustrates a vehicle manufacturing method using first vehicle trims and second vehicle trims made from identical trim pieces, the trim pieces of the first vehicle trims being decorated with molded parts and the trim pieces trim of the second vehicle trims without molded parts;

Figure 7 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a mold part, showing an injection channel of the mold part and an ornament piece applied against the mold part.

The first vehicle trim 2 shown in Fig. 1 is, for example, a motor vehicle trim.

The first trim of the vehicle 2 is, for example, a center console trim, a dashboard trim, a door trim, a seat trim, an armrest trim, a roof trim, a glove box trim, etc.

The first trim of the vehicle 2 comprises a trim piece 4 having a front face 4A intended to be visible and a rear face 4B opposite the front face 4A.

The first trim of the vehicle 2 comprises a molded part 6 that covers, at least partially, the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

In one embodiment, the molded part 6 only partially covers the front face 4A of the trim piece 4. In other words, the molded part 6 only covers a fraction of the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

A region of the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 is covered by the molded part 6, while another region of the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 is not covered by the molded part 6.

The molded part 6 is, for example, decorative. This molded part has no other function than to decorate the trim piece 4. In one example, the molded part 6 forms decorative reliefs on the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

In an example of embodiment, the trim piece 4 is multilayer. It comprises a front layer 8 defining the front face 4A and a rear layer 10 defining the rear face 4B, and optionally at least one intermediate layer 12 interposed between the front layer 8 and the rear layer 10.

Front layer 8 is the visible layer of trim piece 4. Front layer 8 defines the visual appearance of vehicle trim 2.

The front layer 8 is made of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane), TPO (unvulcanized thermoplastic elastomer), natural or synthetic leather or TEP (plasticized fabric), the plastic coating of TEP being, for example, PVC, TPU, TPO.

The rear layer 10 is, for example, a structural layer of the trim piece 4. In this case, the rear layer 10 defines the curvature, that is, the shape, of the trim piece 4. Advantageously, the trim piece 4 has a three-dimensional shape.

In an exemplary embodiment in which the trim piece 4 comprises an intermediate layer 12, the intermediate layer 12 is configured, for example, to impart a soft touch to the trim piece 4.

The term "soft touch" means that the front layer 8 is tactilely deformable, that is, it deforms appreciably when the front layer 8 is pressed with a finger.

For this, the intermediate layer 12 is, for example, a foam, a gel or a three-dimensional fabric. In a particular embodiment, the intermediate layer 12 is a PUR (polyurethane) foam.

In another embodiment, the trim piece 4 does not comprise an intermediate layer 12. It comprises only the front layer 8 and the back layer 10.

In another example, the trim piece 4 is single layered. It is made up of a single layer of material that defines the front face 4A and the back face 4B.

The single-layer trim piece 4 is made, for example, of a material that gives the trim piece 4 a hard feel, that is, the trim piece 4 is not noticeably deformable to the touch.

The single-layer trim piece 4 is made of a plastic material, for example, with or without fillers. The plastic material is, for example, polypropylene. If necessary, the filler comprises fibres, in particular natural or synthetic fibres.

The trim piece 4 can be used without the molded part 6, i.e. the trim piece 4 is a vehicle trim directly usable without the addition of the molded part 6.

The molded part 6 is additionally provided, for example, to change the appearance of the trim piece 4.

Figure 2 illustrates a second vehicle trim 15 formed by a trim piece 4 identical to the one that forms the first vehicle trim 2.

The second vehicle trim 15 differs from the first vehicle trim 2 in that it does not have a molded part 6. The front face 4A of the trim piece 4 of the second vehicle trim 15 is free. The second vehicle trim 15 is intended to be mounted on a vehicle in this way, ie without a molded part 6 on the front face 4A.

The second vehicle trim 15 here comprises the trim piece 4 having a front layer 8, a rear layer 10 and a middle layer 12.

The first trims of the vehicle 2 correspond, for example, to a finish of a vehicle model, the second trims of the vehicle 15 correspond to another finish of the same model of vehicle or to another model of vehicle.

Figures 3 to 5 illustrate the steps of a manufacturing process for providing a trim part 4 with a molded part 6 to obtain a first vehicle trim 2.

The manufacturing process includes the provision of the trim piece 4 which is initially free from the molded part 6.

The trim piece 4 is, for example, received or manufactured in a known manner.

For example, when the trim piece 4 comprises several layers, the trim piece 4 is made by stacking the layers or by molding an intermediate layer 12 between the front layer 8 and the back layer 10.

If the trim piece 4 is produced as a single layer of material, it is produced by moulding, in particular by injection or compression moulding.

As illustrated in Figure 3, the manufacturing process includes, for example, drilling the trim piece 4 to form an injection hole 14 through the trim piece 4.

The injection hole 14 crosses the entire thickness of the trim piece 4, opening on the front face 4A and the rear face 4B of the trim piece 4.

The injection hole 14 is made, for example, by means of a punch. The punching is carried out, for example, in a punching tool 16 comprising a die 18 suitable for receiving the trim piece 4 and a punch 20 which is mobile with respect to the die 16 and which carries a punching element 22 intended to pierce the injection hole 14 as a result of the approximation of the punch 20 to the die 18.

Optionally, the trim piece 4 comprises a vent hole 24 provided to allow gases to escape when molding the molded part 6 on the trim piece 4.

In this case, in one embodiment, the manufacturing process comprises perforating the vent hole 24, for example, by punching.

As shown in Figure 3, the ventilation hole 24 extends through the trim piece 4, for example, between the front face 4A and the rear face 4B.

Advantageously, and as illustrated in Figure 3, the injection hole 14 and the vent hole 24 are drilled simultaneously in the same drilling step.

The injection hole 14 and the vent hole 24 are, for example, drilled simultaneously with the same drilling tool 16. In figure 3, the punch 20 has an additional drilling element 25 for drilling the vent hole 24.

As illustrated in Figure 4, the manufacturing process may optionally include the mounting of a cannula 26 in the injection port 14. The cannula 26 is configured to channel the molding material through the injection port 14 when the mold is molded. molded part 6.

The cannula 26 comprises a tube 28, optionally provided with a collar at one or both ends thereof, each collar projecting radially outward from the tube 28 to bear on the front face 4A or the rear face 4B of the trim piece 4.

The cannula 26 has, for example, a front collar 30 that rests on the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

Advantageously, cannula 26 is configured to be flush with front face 4A. This prevents the formation of a relief on the front face 4A that could affect the quality perceived by the user.

Optionally, when a front collar 30 is provided, the front face 4A has, for example, a recess 32 around the injection port 14 configured to receive the front collar 30, thus being flush with the front face 4A.

The depth of the recess 32 is preferably equal to the thickness of the front collar 30.

In one embodiment, the front face 4A is devoid of said recess that receives the front collar 30.

In this case, when an intermediate layer 12 is provided, the intermediate layer 12 may, for example, be compressed under the tension of the front collar 30 of the cannula 26.

The cannula 26 has, for example, a rear collar 34 that rests on the rear face 4B of the trim piece 4.

In one embodiment, the cannula 26 is made up of two parts, namely a front part 36 and a back part 38 which are assembled through the injection port 14 to form the cannula 26 and mount it to the trim piece 4.

The front part 36 and the rear part 38 are intended, for example, to fit together due to their proximity. Thus, the insertion of the front part 36 and the rear part 38 into the injection hole 14 from the front face 4A side and the rear face 4B side of the trim piece 4, respectively, allows the front part 36 and back 38 are secured together while cannula 26 is mounted to trim piece 4.

In an exemplary embodiment, the front part 36 comprises a front tube section 40 and, optionally, the front collar 30, and the rear part 38 comprises a rear tube section 42 and, optionally, the rear collar 32. The front section of the tube 40 and the rear section of the tube 42 are configured to engage with each other, for example, by snapping, forming the tube 28.

As shown in Figure 5, the trim piece 4 with the injection port 14 in which the cannula 26 is mounted, and optionally the vent port 24, is then placed in a mold 46 to mold the molded part 6 into. the front face 4A of the trim piece 4, with injection of the molding material through the injection hole 14.

The mold 46 has a first mold part 48 and a second mold part 50 for receiving the trim piece 4, defining between them a mold cavity 52 with the front face 4A of the trim piece 4, for molding the part molded 6.

The first part of the mold 48 has a receiving surface 54 for receiving the trim piece 4, more particularly the rear face 4B of the trim piece 4.

The second part of the mold 50 has a molding surface 56 for delimiting the molding cavity 52 with the trim piece 4, more specifically with the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

The mold 46 has an injection device 58 for injecting the molding material into the mold cavity 52.

The injection device 58 has an injection channel 60 which opens through an injection outlet 62 in the receiving surface 54, preferably substantially opposite the injection orifice 14 when the trim piece 4 is placed on the receiving surface. 54.

Advantageously, trim piece 4 and receiving surface 54 have complementary positioning reliefs to position trim piece 4 on receiving surface 54, in particular so that injection outlet 62 is substantially opposite injection orifice 14.

The positioning reliefs comprise, for example, pins 64 provided in the trim piece 4 and corresponding holes 66 provided in the receiving surface 54, each hole 66 being provided to receive a respective pin 64.

Optionally, mold 46 may comprise a holding device (not shown) configured to generate a force to hold trim piece 4 against receiving surface 54. The holding device comprises, for example, one or more suction cups and/or a suction system to generate a vacuum between the trim piece and the receiving surface 54.

Optionally, when placing the trim piece 4 in the mold 46, an adhesive and/or foam may be provided between the trim piece 4 and the receiving surface 54, around the injection outlet 62 and/or an injection opening. ventilation 63 through which an optional ventilation channel 65 opens towards the receiving surface 54, opposite a ventilation hole 24 of the trim piece 4, in order to ensure a seal between the trim piece 4 and the receiving surface 54 around the injection opening and/or the ventilation opening 63.

Optionally, mold 46 includes a heating system (not shown) configured to heat first mold part 48 and/or second mold part 50 to facilitate injection of material.

In an exemplary embodiment where the trim piece 4 comprises a single layer defining a rigid substrate, a heating system configured to heat at least the second mold portion 50 allows the trim piece 4 to be locally melted at points of contact between the trim piece 4 and the second mold part 50, thus improving, among other things, the tightness of the mold cavity 52.

This also allows a satisfactory appearance of the first trim of the vehicle 2 to be achieved at the intersection between the molded part 6 and a part that is exposed and visible on the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

In an example of embodiment, the closure of the mold 46 for the molding of a molded part 6 is carried out in two stages, namely, a first stage of closure of the mold 46 intended solely to cause said local melting of the material of the trim piece 4, without molding the molded part 6, followed by an opening of the mold 46 and a second stage of closing the mold 46, this time for the effective molding of the molded part 6.

The molding step of the molded part is carried out during this first mold closing step or during a subsequent second mold closing step.

In one embodiment, applicable in particular when the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 has a grain, the front face 4A being defined by a single layer forming the trim piece or a front layer of a multi-layer trim piece, for To avoid an appearance defect at the edges of the molded part 6, the single layer or face layer is heated, for example by infrared, and then, on cooling, pressure is applied to the single layer or face layer closing the mold 46. This has the effect of smoothing out the grain at the interface between the front face 4A and the second mold part 50, thus providing a clear demarcation at the edges of the molded part 6.

In an exemplary embodiment, the molding material comprises several components that are mixed to perform the molding.

The molding material is, for example, a two-component thermosetting resin.

In this case, the injection device 58 comprises, for example, a mixer 68 for mixing the components of the molding material. Mixer 68 supplies injection channel 60 with the mixture of components.

Injection molding of a molding material with several components, in particular two components, which react during molding is known by the English name "Reaction Injection Molding" or the corresponding acronym "RIM".

A possible mold heating system 46, configured to heat at least the second part of the mold 50 that defines the mold cavity 52, also allows the reaction of the components of a multi-component molding material.

Advantageously, the second part of the mold 50 has a sealing element 70 located on the periphery of the molding surface 56 and configured to come into sealing contact with the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 when the mold 46 is closed. . This makes it possible to delimit the mold cavity 52 from the region of the trim piece 4 intended to be covered by the molded part 6.

The sealing element 70 is, for example, in the form of a peripheral lip or rim projecting from the molding surface 56 of the second part of the mold 50.

Said peripheral lip or edge has, for example, a thickness (taken in a direction parallel to the plane in which the trim piece 4 extends) between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, preferably between 0.4 mm and 0. 6mm

Said peripheral lip or rim has, for example, a height (corresponding to the distance between a bottom of the molding surface 56 and the end of the peripheral lip or rim and taken in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the piece of molding extends). ornament 4) between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1.5 mm and 3 mm. The thickness of the molded part 6 is equal to the height of the lip or peripheral edge.

In one example, the sealing element 70 is configured to bear against the front face 4A so as to deform it, or more particularly to compress the intermediate layer 12, to ensure sealing.

The interference between the sealing element 70 and the front face 4A is, for example, between 0.2 and 5 mm, preferably between 0.2 and 2 mm. The greater the thickness of the intermediate layer 12, the greater the interference that can be provided to improve the seal.

The mold 46 comprises a closure system 72 configured to close the mold 46 by bringing the second part of the mold 50 closer to the first part of the mold 48 by applying the first part of the mold 48 against the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 in a sealed manner. .

In the illustrated example, the closing system 72 comprises a first closing part 74 carrying the first mold part 48 and a second closing part 76 carrying the second mold part 50 and at least one actuator configured to move the first closing part 74 and the second closing part 76 towards each other to close the mold 46.

Advantageously, in an exemplary embodiment, the closure system 72 comprises a force adjustment device 78 configured to adjust the bearing force of the second part of the mold 50 against the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

This prevents the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 from being marked as a result of the second part of the mold 50 resting against the front face 4A of the trim piece 4, which could negatively affect the perceived quality. by the user.

The force adjustment device 78 comprises, for example, at least one spring for adjusting the closing force exerted on the first mold part 48 and the second mold part 50.

In the illustrated example, the force adjustment device 78 is provided in the form of one or more springs 80 disposed between the second closure part 76 and the second mold part 50.

In this way, the application force of the second part of the mold 50 on the trim piece 4 is limited, the excessive application force being converted into elastic energy stored in the spring or springs.

Each spring 80 is, for example, a coil spring as shown in Figure 5, a leaf spring, or an air spring.

As illustrated in figure 5, the manufacturing process comprises the injection of the molding material. The molding material is injected into the mold 46 through the rear face 4B of the trim piece 4 and passes through the injection opening 14, more specifically through the cannula 26, on the side of the front face 4A of trim piece 4 into the mold cavity where it forms the molded part 6.

Preferably, the injection pressure of the molding material in the mold 46 is less than 50 MPa, in particular less than 1,500 kPa.

Furthermore, the injection speed is, for example, between 5 g/s (gram per second) and 20 g/s, preferably between 5 g/s and 10 g/s.

This reduces the risk of damage to the trim piece due to the injection pressure of the molding material and limits the force with which the mold parts are pressed against the trim piece.

By molding the molding material, the molding material gradually fills the molding cavity.

The presence of a vent hole 24 allows gas to escape from the mold cavity as it fills with molding material.

This ensures high quality molding by preventing gas bubbles from being trapped in the mold cavity.

In Figure 5, the second mold part 50 is shown above the first mold part 48. Alternatively, the second mold part 50 is located below the first mold part 48. Thus, the vent hole 24 is located in an upper wall of the mold cavity 52 defined between the second mold part 50 and the front face 4A, and the air present in the mold cavity 52 during injection of the molding material easily escapes through the vent hole 24 and, if applicable, the ventilation duct 65.

Once the molded part 6 has hardened sufficiently, the mold 46 is opened and the trim piece 4 is ejected from the mold 46.

The first vehicle trim 2 is thus obtained, made up of the trim piece 4 with the molded part 6 on its front face 4A.

Furthermore, as illustrated in Figure 6, the manufacturing process comprises the production of the first trim pieces of the vehicle 2 and the second trim pieces of the vehicle 15 from identical trim pieces 4, the trim pieces 4 of the first trim pieces of the vehicle 2 are decorated with moldings 6 and the trim pieces of the second trims of the vehicle 15 do not have moldings 6.

A vehicle manufacturing method comprises manufacturing identical first trim pieces 2 from trim pieces 4 provided with molded parts 6 and mounting these first trim pieces 2 on the vehicles, and manufacturing second trim pieces 15 from them. trim pieces 4 than the first trim pieces but without molded parts 6, and the mounting of these second trim pieces 15 without molded parts on the vehicles.

In this way, it is possible to obtain a set of trims for vehicles 86 made from identical trim pieces 4, each trim piece having a front face 4A intended to be visible and a rear face 4B opposite the front face 4A, comprising the set of trims for vehicles 86 some first trims for vehicles 2 identical to each other and second trims for vehicles 2 identical to each other, the first trims for vehicles 2 differ from the second trims for vehicles 15 in that each first trim for vehicles 2 it is provided with a molded part 6 formed on the front face 4A of the trim piece 4, each second trim 15 being devoid of said molded part.

The molded part 6 formed on the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 makes it possible to decorate the trim piece 4. The molded part 6 can be formed only on a part of the front face 4A of the trim piece 4, leaving another part of the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 without covering. The molded part 6 can thus form a raised relief decoration.

In one embodiment, the molded part 6 is of constant thickness. Alternatively, the molded part 6 has a variable thickness from one area of the molded part 6 to another to create a relief pattern. This variable thickness is created by molding surface 56 having a shape complementary to the desired relief pattern.

In addition, the molding surface 56 may be smooth or, alternatively, have a grain on all or part of the molding surface 56, to achieve a desired effect, for example, a matte effect or a glossy effect.

By injecting the molding material from the rear of the trim piece 4 and through an injection hole 14 to form the molded part 6 on the front face 4A of the trim piece 4, a satisfactory finish is achieved with no chip marks. molding on the molded part 6.

The provision of a cannula 26 at the injection port 14 protects the trim piece 4 from being damaged during moulding.

In particular, this prevents a separation of the overlapping layers of the trim piece 4 which could result from the injection under pressure of the molding material through the injection hole 14.

The two-part cannula 26, which is attached to each other through the injection port 14, allows the cannula to be easily mounted on the trim piece 4.

The cannula 26 is flush with the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 and prevents the formation of a relief that could affect the perceived quality of the trim of the vehicle 2.

This limits the force with which it is necessary to hold the mold 46 closed to achieve sealing of the mold cavity, and thus limits the risk of damage to the front face 4A of the trim piece 4, particularly when the molding 6 it covers only a part of the front face 4A of the trim piece 4. This also limits the risk of damaging the trim piece 4 in the region of the injection hole 14.

The use of reaction injection molding (or RIM), which uses a multi-component, in particular two-component, molding material that reacts during molding, allows injection at lower than usual injection pressure.

Preferably, the trim pieces 4 of the second trim pieces of the vehicle 15 do not have an injection hole 14, while the trim pieces 4 of the first trim pieces of the vehicle 2 are provided with an injection hole 14 for injection of the molded part. .

Preferably, if applicable, the trim pieces 4 of the second trim pieces of the vehicle 15 do not have a ventilation hole 24, while the trim pieces 4 of the first trim pieces of the vehicle 2 have a ventilation hole 24.

The invention is not limited to the application examples described above.

For example, in the example shown, the trim piece 4 is provided with a ventilation hole 24.

Alternatively or optionally, and as illustrated in Figure 5, the second mold part 50 is configured to form a vent between the second mold part 50 and the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

In a particular embodiment, the sealing element 70 is provided with one or more ventilation notches 82, allowing each ventilation notch 82 to define a ventilation with the front face 4A of the trim piece 4.

Furthermore, preferably the mold 46 and the trim piece 4 are configured in such a way that each injection hole 14 opens on the front face 4A through a front opening 14A that is located in the vicinity of the edge of the mold cavity. 52, i.e. here in the vicinity of the contact point between the second mold part 50 and the front face 4A of the trim piece 4. This limits the risk of air bubbles forming in the peripheral areas of the part molded 6.

Optionally, and as illustrated in Figure 5, the manufacturing process comprises placing an insert 84 in the molding cavity, such that the insert 84 is overmolded by the molded part 6 during molding thereof.

The insert 84 is arranged, for example, in the mold cavity so that it is flush with the free face of the molded part 6 when it is molded. The insert 84 is then visible on this free face.

In an exemplary embodiment, insert 84 is a decorative insert, in particular a decorative medallion.

In an example embodiment, insert 84 is a light guide.

In an exemplary embodiment, insert 84 is a touch component for sensing a user's tactile interaction with molded part 6, for example to control a functional part of the vehicle, a proximity sensor, for example to detect when the user brings his finger or hand closer, or a haptic actuator to give a haptic response to the user when he touches the molded part 6. This allows the molded part 6 to be given a function.

As illustrated in figure 5, the insert 84 is arranged, for example, in the second molding part 50, so that it is flush with the free surface of the molded part 6 after molding, or in the front face 4A of the trim piece 4, so that it is covered by the molded part 6 after molding.

The use of the same trim pieces 4 to offer different versions (with or without molded parts) makes it possible to limit the production costs of the vehicles and, at the same time, modulate the perceived quality or offer customization possibilities, in particular the decoration of trim pieces with molded parts.

Furthermore, it is also possible to provide different trims formed from identical trim pieces 4, but provided with different molded parts, which differ, for example, by the molding material (color, hardness, transparency...) and/or its shape and/or by the addition or absence of an insert 84.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7, the injection hole 14 opens to the front face 4A of the trim piece 4 through a front opening 14A

In an advantageous embodiment, the mold 46 and trim piece 4 are configured such that an injection outlet 62 of an injection channel 60 is at least partially offset from the front opening 14A.

Thus, the injection outlet 62 is not located opposite the front opening 14A of the injection orifice 14. At least a part of the injection outlet 62 is not oriented towards the front opening 14A. In a particular example, the entire injection outlet 62 is not oriented towards the front opening 14A.

This displacement makes it possible to limit the risk of a defect appearing on the front face of a molded part 6 which would be due to shrinkage of the molded material. This shrinkage would be due to the fact that there would be a greater thickness of the molded material in front of the injection channel 60 than in the rest of the molded part 6. In fact, in line with the injection hole 16, the thickness of the molded material is equal to the sum of the thickness of the molded part 6 and the thickness of the trim part, while it is limited to the thickness of the molded part 6 for the rest of the molded part 6.

Advantageously, the mold 46 and the trim piece 4 are configured in such a way that at least two thirds of the surface of the injection outlet 62 of the injection channel 60 are not aligned with the front opening 14A of the injection hole 14, preferably of such that the entire surface of the injection outlet 62 of the injection channel 60 is not aligned with the front opening 14A of the injection hole 14.

In one embodiment, the mold 46 and trim piece 4 are configured such that the injection outlet 62 is offset from the front opening 14A by a distance E of between 1 mm and 3 mm, in particular a distance of about 2 mm. mm, this distance E being taken in a direction parallel to the plane along which the trim piece 4 extends and between the closest edges of the injection outlet 62 and the front opening 14A.

In order to achieve the desired displacement and at the same time allow the injection of material from the injection outlet 62 through the injection hole 14, the trim piece 4 comprises, for example, a recess 88 in the rear face 4B placed so that injection outlet 62 faces recess 88, with the injection port opening into recess 88 to receive molding material introduced into recess 88.

Each trim piece 4 (intended for the production of a first vehicle trim 2 or a second vehicle trim 15) is provided with the recess 88 on the rear face 4B, which is not through, each trim piece 4 being intended for the manufacture of first vehicle trims 2 perforated to form the injection hole 14. The recess 88 in the rear face 4B of each trim piece 4 intended for the manufacture of a second vehicle trim 15 is not visible.

Claims (11)

1. Process for manufacturing trims for vehicles comprising the provision of identical trim pieces (4), each trim piece (4) having a front face (4A) intended to be visible and a rear face (4B) opposite to the front face (4A), and the manufacture, from these trim pieces (4), of first trims (2) provided with a molded part (6) on the front face (4A) of its trim part (4) and of second trim pieces (15) without molded part (6) on the front face (4A) of its trim piece (4), the manufacture of each first trim piece (2) comprising a drilling step in the trim piece (4) , of an injection hole (14) passing through the trim piece (4) between the rear face (4B) and the front face (4A), the positioning of the trim piece (4) in a mold (46) that defines a mold cavity (52) with the front face (4A) of the trim piece (4), and the injection of a molding material into the mold in the l ing of the rear face (4B) of the trim piece (4), so that the molding material passes through the injection hole (14) and fills the molding cavity (52) to form a molded part (6). ) on the front face (4A) of the trim piece (4). Manufacturing method according to claim 1, in which the molded part (6) covers only a fraction of the front face (4A) of the trim piece (4). Manufacturing method according to claim 1 or claim 2, comprising inserting a cannula (26) into the injection hole (14) before injection of the molding material. Manufacturing method according to claim 3, in which the cannula (26) is made in two parts including a front part (36) and a rear part (38) configured to be inserted into the injection hole (14) from the front face side (4A) and the back face side (4B) respectively, the front part (36) and the rear part (38) being fixed together through the injection hole (14). 5. Manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising forming the injection hole (14) in the trim piece, for example, by punching. 6. Manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the trim piece (4) has a ventilation hole (24) for the evacuation of the gases present in the mold cavity during the injection of the molding material. . 7. Manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the molding material is a thermosetting polymer, for example polyurethane. Manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the injection pressure of the molding material in the mold is less than 50 MPa, in particular less than 1,500 kPa. Manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the trim piece (4) is laminated and comprises a plurality of superimposed layers between the rear face (4B) and the front face (4A). Manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the mold (46) has an injection channel (60) for injecting molding material through the injection hole (14), the injection channel opening ( 60) in an injection outlet (62) that is at least partially displaced with respect to a front opening (4A) through which the injection hole (14) opens on the front face (4A) of the trim piece (4). 11. Set of trims for vehicles formed by identical trim pieces (4), each trim piece having a front face (4A) intended to be visible and a rear face (4B) opposite the front face (4A), comprising the set of trims first trims for vehicles (2) identical to each other and second trims for vehicles (15) identical to each other, the first trims for vehicles differing from the second trims for vehicles in that each first trim for vehicles (2) is provided with a molded part (6) formed on the front face of the trim piece (4), the trim piece (4) being provided with an injection hole (14) passing through the trim piece (4) between the face rear (4B) and the front face (4A) of the trim piece (4), passing the molded part (6) through the injection hole (14), each second trim piece (15) being devoid of said part molded (6).