ES2838798A1 - SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROTECTION AGAINST FAILURES BETWEEN SPIRES IN EXCITATION WINDINGS OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES WITH INDIRECT BRUSHLESS EXCITATION (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROTECTION AGAINST FAILURES BETWEEN SPIRES IN EXCITATION WINDINGS OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES WITH INDIRECT BRUSHLESS EXCITATION (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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ES2838798A1
ES2838798A1 ES202031291A ES202031291A ES2838798A1 ES 2838798 A1 ES2838798 A1 ES 2838798A1 ES 202031291 A ES202031291 A ES 202031291A ES 202031291 A ES202031291 A ES 202031291A ES 2838798 A1 ES2838798 A1 ES 2838798A1
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excitation
armature
machine
current
indirect
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Gaona Carlos Antonio Platero
Mahtani Kumar Vijay Mahtani
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Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
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Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/72—Testing of electric windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Method and protection system against faults between turns in excitation windings of synchronous machines with indirect brushless excitation based on the comparison of the excitation current of the measured exciter with the theoretical excitation current calculated for that operating point from the voltage and current measurements in the armature of the main synchronous machine. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

SISTEMA Y MÉTODO DE PROTECCIÓN ANTE FALTAS ENTRE ESPIRAS EN SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROTECTION AGAINST FAILURES BETWEEN SPIRES IN

DEVANADOS DE EXCITACIÓN DE MÁQUINAS SÍNCRONAS CON EXCITATION WINDINGS OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES WITH

EXCITACIÓN INDIRECTA SIN ESCOBILLASINDIRECT BRUSHLESS EXCITATION

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La presente invención pretende desarrollar una nueva protección para faltas entre espiras en los devanados de excitación de máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta sin escobillas capaz de detectar este tipo de defectos con la máquina en funcionamiento.The present invention aims to develop a new protection for faults between turns in the excitation windings of synchronous machines with indirect brushless excitation capable of detecting this type of fault with the machine in operation.

Una clara aplicación son los sistemas de generación de energía eléctrica, en los que se utilizan generadores síncronos. Con el sistema objeto de la presente invención se pretende detectar el defecto entre espiras en los devanados de excitación en máquinas con excitación indirecta sin escobillas, basadas en una máquina excitatriz y diodos rotativos instalados en el eje de la máquina.A clear application is in electrical power generation systems, in which synchronous generators are used. With the system object of the present invention it is intended to detect the defect between turns in the excitation windings in machines with indirect brushless excitation, based on an exciter machine and rotating diodes installed on the shaft of the machine.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Toda instalación eléctrica debe estar dotada de sistemas de protección que la hagan segura ante posibles cortocircuitos y otros defectos que puedan causar daños tanto a las propias instalaciones como a las personas.All electrical installation must be equipped with protection systems that make it safe against possible short circuits and other defects that may cause damage to both the facilities themselves and people.

En el caso de grupos de generación, dichas protecciones deben, además, garantizar el suministro de energía a la red del modo más fiable posible, tratando de discriminar los niveles de gravedad de las faltas que se produzcan.In the case of generation groups, said protections must also guarantee the supply of energy to the grid in the most reliable way possible, trying to discriminate the severity levels of the faults that occur.

Uno de los posibles defectos que se pueden presentar en las máquinas síncronas, es la falta entre espiras en los devanados de excitación.One of the possible defects that can occur in synchronous machines is the fault between turns in the excitation windings.

Los devanados de excitación son alimentados por corriente continua. El defecto entre espiras en estos devanados puede no ser peligroso, admitiéndose en algunas máquinas un determinado porcentaje de espiras en cortocircuito. The excitation windings are powered by direct current. The defect between turns in these windings may not be dangerous, with some machines admitting a certain percentage of turns in short circuit.

Por lo tanto, suele ser práctica habitual el realizar ensayos en los devanados de excitación con las máquinas paradas.Therefore, it is common practice to test the excitation windings with the machines stopped.

Uno de los métodos más utilizado es el conocido como equilibrio de polos (Pole drop testing). Este ensayo consiste en alimentar el devanado de excitación con una tensión determinada y comprobar la tensión en cada uno de los polos que componen el devanado. Si alguna de las tensiones medidas es inferior a la del resto de los polos, esto indica que en el polo correspondiente existe un defecto entre espiras. Normalmente este ensayo se realiza con una fuente de tensión de corriente alterna, aunque en corriente continua también funciona.One of the most widely used methods is known as pole balance (pole drop testing). This test consists of supplying the excitation winding with a determined voltage and checking the voltage in each of the poles that make up the winding. If any of the measured voltages is lower than that of the rest of the poles, this indicates that there is a fault between turns in the corresponding pole. Normally this test is carried out with an alternating current voltage source, although it also works with direct current.

Otro método es la aplicación de una onda de tensión con múltiples frecuencias, y hacer un análisis de la respuesta en frecuencia del devanado. Se puede hacer con una onda cuadrada (tipo delta Dirac) o bien con una onda senoidal donde se varía la frecuencia. Para evaluar si el devanado tiene defecto o no se compara el resultado del ensayo con otro ensayo en condiciones normales sin defecto. Otra posibilidad es realizar el ensayo polo a polo y compararlos, si algún polo tiene una respuesta en frecuencia distinto, indica que tiene un defecto.Another method is applying a voltage wave with multiple frequencies, and doing an analysis of the frequency response of the winding. It can be done with a square wave (Dirac delta type) or with a sine wave where the frequency is varied. To evaluate whether the winding is defective or not, the test result is compared with another test under normal conditions without defect. Another possibility is to carry out the pole-to-pole test and compare them, if any pole has a different frequency response, it indicates that it has a defect.

Todos estos métodos necesitan que la máquina esté fuera de servicio para verificar si hay defecto entre espiras en el devanado de excitación.All of these methods require the machine to be taken out of service to check for a turn-to-turn defect in the excitation winding.

Por último, existen máquinas que disponen de sensores de flujo magnético en el entrehierro. Suelen ser sensores ubicados en algún diente del estator. Analizando la forma del flujo en el entrehierro, se puede detectar si alguno de los polos produce un flujo distinto a los demás.Finally, there are machines that have magnetic flux sensors in the air gap. These are usually sensors located on a tooth of the stator. By analyzing the shape of the flow in the air gap, it can be detected if any of the poles produces a different flow than the others.

Además, conviene tener en cuenta una serie de patentes relacionadas con la invención:In addition, a series of patents related to the invention should be taken into account:

PCT/US2010/021948 (25.01.2010) ES2426970 T3 (28.10.2013) General Electric Company (100.0%) ROBUST ON LINE STATOR TURN FAULT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM.PCT / US2010 / 021948 (25.01.2010) ES2426970 T3 (28.10.2013) General Electric Company (100.0%) ROBUST ON LINE STATOR TURN FAULT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM.

P201431921 (23.12.2014) ES2534950 A1 (30.04.2015) UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID (100.0%) Sistema y método de protección ante faltas entre espiras en máquinas síncronasP201431921 (12.23.2014) ES2534950 A1 (04.30.2015) UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID (100.0%) System and method of protection against faults between turns in synchronous machines

P201731347 (22.11.2017) ES2682062 B2 (24.05.2019) UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID (100.0%) Sistema y método de protección frente a faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación de máquinas síncronas con excitación estática.P201731347 (11/22/2017) ES2682062 B2 (05/24/2019) UNIVERSITY POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID (100.0%) System and method of protection against faults between turns in excitation windings of synchronous machines with static excitation.

Esta última patente detecta los defectos entre espiras en devanados de excitación de máquinas síncronas con excitación estática y se basa en la comparación de la intensidad de excitación medida con la corriente de excitación teórica calculada para ese punto de funcionamiento a partir de las medidas de tensión y corriente en el inducido. La diferencia entre esta patente y la presente invención radica en el tipo de máquina. En la patente P201731347 se detectan defectos entre espiras en máquinas síncronas con excitación estática, mientras que en la presente invención se detectan defectos entre espiras en máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta sin escobillas. Estas máquinas poseen la dificultad técnica añadida en relación con la disponibilidad de medidas de tensión y corriente en los elementos que se encuentran instalados en el rotor, ya que no son accesibles.This latest patent detects defects between turns in excitation windings of synchronous machines with static excitation and is based on the comparison of the measured excitation current with the theoretical excitation current calculated for that operating point from the voltage measurements and armature current. The difference between this patent and the present invention lies in the type of machine. In patent P201731347, defects between turns are detected in synchronous machines with static excitation, while in the present invention defects between turns are detected in synchronous machines with indirect brushless excitation. These machines have the added technical difficulty in relation to the availability of voltage and current measurements in the elements that are installed in the rotor, since they are not accessible.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La invención se refiere al diseño de un método y sistema de protección que detecta defectos entre espiras de los arrollamientos de excitación de máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta sin escobillas.The invention relates to the design of a method and protection system that detects defects between turns of the excitation windings of synchronous machines with indirect brushless excitation.

La fuerza magnetomotriz creada por el devanado de excitación de una máquina síncrona es el producto del número de espiras y la corriente que circula por el devanado.The magnetomotive force created by the excitation winding of a synchronous machine is the product of the number of turns and the current flowing through the winding.

El principio de funcionamiento de esta protección está basado en que, en el caso de cortocircuito entre espiras en el devanado de excitación, para producir la misma fuerza magnetomotriz es necesario que circule más corriente por el mismo. Por lo tanto, en caso de falta entre espiras en el devanado de excitación de la máquina principal, para unas condiciones de funcionamiento determinadas, la corriente de excitación debe aumentar proporcionalmente al número de espiras en cortocircuito en dicho devanado y por consiguiente también lo hará en el devanado de excitación de la máquina excitatriz. The operating principle of this protection is based on the fact that, in the case of a short circuit between turns in the excitation winding, to produce the same magnetomotive force it is necessary for more current to flow through it. Therefore, in the event of a fault between turns in the excitation winding of the main machine, for certain operating conditions, the excitation current must increase proportionally to the number of short-circuited turns in said winding and consequently it will also increase in the excitation winding of the exciter machine.

Esta nueva protección para detectar defectos entre espiras necesita las medidas:This new protection to detect defects between turns requires the following measures:

• Corriente de excitación de la máquina excitatriz (13).• Excitation current of the exciter machine (13).

• Tensión o tensiones en el inducido (10) (11) (12).• Voltage or voltages in the armature (10) (11) (12).

• Corriente o corrientes en el inducido (7) (8) (9).• Current or currents in the armature (7) (8) (9).

A partir de las medidas en el inducido de tensiones (10) (11) (12) y corrientes (7) (8) (9) se puede calcular, mediante un calculador (14), la corriente de excitación teórica (15) que debe circular por el devanado de excitación (3) de la máquina principal. Para realizar el cálculo de la corriente de excitación teórica (15) existen varios modelos equivalentes de la máquina síncrona. Posteriormente a partir de esta corriente teórica en el rotor de la máquina principal (15) otro calculador obtiene el valor teórico de la corriente de excitación de la máquina excitatriz (26). From the measurements in the armature of voltages (10) (11) (12) and currents (7) (8) (9) it is possible to calculate, by means of a calculator (14), the theoretical excitation current (15) that It must circulate through the excitation winding (3) of the main machine. To calculate the theoretical excitation current (15) there are several equivalent models of the synchronous machine. Subsequently, from this theoretical current in the rotor of the main machine (15), another computer obtains the theoretical value of the excitation current of the exciter machine (26).

En caso que la corriente de excitación de la excitatriz medida (13) sea superior a la corriente de excitación teórica (26) se puede concluir que hay un defecto entre espiras en el devanado de excitación (3). Para hacer la comparación de ambas corrientes, se propone multiplicar la corriente teórica (26) por un coeficiente k (16), de forma que se pueda ajustar el umbral de disparo en función del número de espiras admisible. La comparación de ambas magnitudes se hace en una etapa comparadora (17). Finalmente se propone instalar un temporizador (18) ajustable para evitar disparos espurios.If the excitation current of the measured exciter (13) is higher than the theoretical excitation current (26), it can be concluded that there is an inter-turn fault in the excitation winding (3). To make the comparison of both currents, it is proposed to multiply the theoretical current (26) by a coefficient k (16), so that the trip threshold can be adjusted as a function of the number of admissible turns. The comparison of both magnitudes is made in a comparator stage (17). Finally, it is proposed to install an adjustable timer (18) to avoid spurious shots.

BREVE DESCRIPICIÓN DE LAS FIGURASBRIEF DESCRIPITION OF THE FIGURES

A continuación, se describen de manera muy breve una serie de dibujos que ayudan a comprender mejor la invención y que se relacionan expresamente con una realización de dicha invención que se presenta como un ejemplo no limitativo de ésta.A series of drawings are described very briefly below that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention that is presented as a non-limiting example thereof.

La figura 1 representa el esquema general del sistema de detección de defectos entre espiras del devanado de campo realizado con medidas en las tres fases del inducido. Está compuesto por los siguientes elementos: Figure 1 represents the general diagram of the system for detecting defects between turns of the field winding carried out with measurements in the three phases of the armature. It is made up of the following elements:

Máquina síncrona principal.Main synchronous machine.

Inducido de la máquina síncrona principal.Armature of the main synchronous machine.

Devanado de excitación de la máquina síncrona principal.Excitation winding of the main synchronous machine.

Transformadores de corriente para la medida de las corrientes del inducido de la máquina síncrona principal.Current transformers for the measurement of the armature currents of the main synchronous machine.

Transformadores de tensión para la medida de las tensiones del inducido de la máquina síncrona principal.Voltage transformers for the measurement of armature voltages of the main synchronous machine.

Equipo de medida de la corriente de excitación de la máquina excitatriz.Equipment for measuring the excitation current of the exciter machine.

Tensión del arrollamiento de inducido de la fase a de la máquina síncrona principal.Armature winding voltage of phase a of the main synchronous machine.

Tensión del arrollamiento de inducido de la fase b de la máquina síncrona principal.Voltage of the armature winding of phase b of the main synchronous machine.

Tensión del arrollamiento de inducido de la fase c de la máquina síncrona principal.Voltage of the armature winding of phase c of the main synchronous machine.

Corriente del arrollamiento de inducido de la fase a de la máquina síncrona principal.Armature winding current of phase a of the main synchronous machine.

Corriente del arrollamiento de inducido de la fase b de la máquina síncrona principal.Armature winding current of phase b of the main synchronous machine.

Corriente del arrollamiento de inducido de la fase c de la máquina síncrona principal.Armature winding current of phase c of main synchronous machine.

Corriente medida de excitación de la excitatriz.Measured excitation current of the exciter.

Calculador de la corriente teórica de excitación de la máquina síncrona principal.Calculator of the theoretical excitation current of the main synchronous machine.

Corriente de excitación teórica calculada de la máquina síncrona principal.Calculated theoretical excitation current of the main synchronous machine.

Coeficiente de ajuste k. Adjustment coefficient k.

17. Comparador.17. Comparator.

18. Temporizador.18. Timer.

19. Señal de disparo de la protección de faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación.19. Inter-turn fault protection trip signal in excitation windings.

20. Máquina excitatriz.20. Exciting machine.

21. Devanado de excitación de la máquina excitatriz.21. Excitation winding of the exciter machine.

22. Devanados de inducido de la máquina excitatriz.22. Armature windings of the exciter machine.

23. Diodos rotativos.23. Rotating diodes.

24. Elementos giratorios.24. Rotating elements.

25. Calculador de la corriente teórica de excitación de la máquina excitatriz.25. Calculator of the theoretical excitation current of the exciter machine.

26. Corriente de excitación teórica calculada de la máquina excitatriz.26. Calculated theoretical excitation current of the exciter machine.

La figura 2 representa una variante del esquema general del sistema de detección de defectos entre espiras, donde sólo se realizan medidas en una de las fases del inducido. Se ha representado la fase a, aunque se podría realizar con cualquiera de las tres o con combinaciones de dos de ellas. Figure 2 represents a variant of the general scheme of the system for detecting defects between turns, where measurements are only made in one of the phases of the armature. Phase a has been represented, although it could be done with any of the three or with combinations of two of them.

EJEMPLO DE REALIZACIÓNEXAMPLE OF REALIZATION

A continuación, se describe un ejemplo de realización no limitativo, como una de las posibles formas de ejecución de la presente invención.Next, a non-limiting embodiment is described as one of the possible embodiments of the present invention.

La presente invención presenta un método y sistema de que detecta defectos entre espiras de los arrollamientos de excitación de máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta sin escobillas.The present invention presents a method and system for detecting defects between turns of the excitation windings of synchronous machines with brushless indirect excitation.

En caso de un defecto entre espiras en la máquina principal, la corriente de excitación debe aumentar en la misma proporción. Por lo tanto, la corriente de excitación de la excitatriz aumentará también. In the event of a turn-to-turn fault in the main machine, the excitation current must increase in the same proportion. Therefore, the excitation current of the exciter will increase as well.

Para la realización de este método y sistema se necesitan realizar varias medidas y varios cálculos.To carry out this method and system, several measurements and various calculations need to be carried out.

En relación con las medidas se deben medir las tensiones (10) (11) (12) y las corrientes (7) (8) (9) en el inducido. Para ello se utilizarán transformadores de tensión y corriente.In relation to the measurements, the voltages (10) (11) (12) and the currents (7) (8) (9) must be measured in the armature. For this, voltage and current transformers will be used.

Para la medida de la corriente de excitación de la máquina excitatriz (13) se propone utilizar una resistencia calibrada y un convertidor.For the measurement of the excitation current of the exciter machine (13) it is proposed to use a calibrated resistance and a converter.

A partir de las medidas de en el inducido de tensiones (10) (11) (12) y corrientes (7) (8) (9) se puede calcular la potencia activa, reactiva y la tensión eficaz. Con estas tres variables se puede calcular el módulo y la fase de la corriente de inducido.From the measurements of voltages (10) (11) (12) and currents (7) (8) (9) in the armature, the active and reactive power and the effective voltage can be calculated. With these three variables, the modulus and phase of the armature current can be calculated.

Hace falta conocer algunos datos de la máquina principal, como son:It is necessary to know some information about the main machine, such as:

-Características de vacío-Vacuum characteristics

-Característica de cortocircuito-Short circuit characteristic

-Reactancia de Potier-Potier reactance

Con la tensión y la corriente de inducido calculada, y con las características de la máquina, se puede calcular la corriente de excitación teórica (15) de la máquina principal.With the calculated armature voltage and current, and with the characteristics of the machine, the theoretical excitation current (15) of the main machine can be calculated.

A partir de la corriente de excitación teórica (15) de la máquina principal, conocida el valor de la resistencia de campo, y con los datos de la máquina excitatriz, se puede calcular la corriente de excitación teórica (26) de la excitatriz, resolviendo el circuito.From the theoretical excitation current (15) of the main machine, knowing the value of the field resistance, and with the data of the exciter machine, the theoretical excitation current (26) of the exciter can be calculated, solving The circuit.

Esta corriente de excitación teórica (26) de la excitatriz se compara con la corriente medida (13). Para ello se multiplicará la corriente (26) por un coeficiente k (16), de forma que se pueda ajustar el umbral de disparo en función del número de espiras admisible.This theoretical excitation current (26) of the exciter is compared with the measured current (13). To do this, the current (26) will be multiplied by a coefficient k (16), so that the trip threshold can be adjusted according to the number of admissible turns.

La comparación de ambas magnitudes se hace en una etapa comparadora (17). Finalmente se propone instalar un temporizador (18) ajustable para evitar disparos no deseados. The comparison of both magnitudes is made in a comparator stage (17). Finally, it is proposed to install an adjustable timer (18) to avoid unwanted shots.

Claims (10)

REIVINDICACIONES 1. Sistema de protección ante faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta sin escobillas, caracterizado por que comprende:1. Protection system against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines with indirect brushless excitation, characterized in that it comprises: - al menos un sensor (6) de corriente de excitación, conectado al devanado de excitación (21) de la máquina excitatriz (20);- at least one excitation current sensor (6), connected to the excitation winding (21) of the excitation machine (20); - al menos un medidor de corriente de inducido (4), conectado a una fase del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1);- at least one armature current meter (4), connected to a phase of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1); - al menos un medidor de tensión de inducido (5), conectado a una fase del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1);- at least one armature voltage meter (5), connected to a phase of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1); - un módulo de cálculo (14), conectado a al menos un medidor de corriente de inducido (4) y a al menos un medidor de tensión de inducido (5), estando el módulo de cálculo (14) configurado para calcular una corriente de excitación teórica (15) de la máquina síncrona principal (1) en función de al menos una medida de su corriente de inducido (7, 8, 9) y de al menos una medida de su tensión de inducido (10, 11, 12);- a calculation module (14), connected to at least one armature current meter (4) and to at least one armature voltage meter (5), the calculation module (14) being configured to calculate an excitation current theoretical (15) of the main synchronous machine (1) as a function of at least one measurement of its armature current (7, 8, 9) and of at least one measurement of its armature voltage (10, 11, 12); - un módulo de cálculo (25), configurado para calcular una corriente de excitación teórica (26) de la máquina excitatriz (20) en función de la corriente de excitación teórica de la máquina síncrona principal (15) previamente calculada;- a calculation module (25), configured to calculate a theoretical excitation current (26) of the excitation machine (20) as a function of the theoretical excitation current of the main synchronous machine (15) previously calculated; - un módulo comparador (17), conectado a al menos un sensor de corriente de excitación (6) del devanado de excitación (21) de la máquina excitatriz (20) y al módulo de cálculo (25), con posibilidad de aplicación sucesiva de un coeficiente de ajuste (16), donde el módulo comparador (17) está configurado para: - a comparator module (17), connected to at least one excitation current sensor (6) of the excitation winding (21) of the excitation machine (20) and to the calculation module (25), with the possibility of successive application of an adjustment coefficient (16), where the comparator module (17) is configured to: o efectuar una comparación entre al menos una medida de corriente de excitación de la máquina excitatriz (13) y la corriente de excitación de la máquina excitatriz teórica (26), multiplicada por un determinado coeficiente por un coeficiente de ajuste (16), y;or make a comparison between at least one excitation current measurement of the exciter machine (13) and the excitation current of the theoretical exciter machine (26), multiplied by a determined coefficient by an adjustment coefficient (16), and; o enviar una señal de disparo (19) hacia un dispositivo de protección, en caso de detectar que la medida de corriente de excitación (13) del devanado de excitación (21) de la máquina excitatriz (20) es mayor que la corriente de excitación teórica (26) correspondiente multiplicada por el mencionado coeficiente (16).or send a trip signal (19) to a protection device, in case of detecting that the excitation current measurement (13) of the excitation winding (21) of the excitation machine (20) is greater than the excitation current corresponding theoretical (26) multiplied by the aforementioned coefficient (16). 2. Sistema de protección ante faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas basado en la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque comprende un temporizador (18) conectado al módulo comparador (17), donde el temporizador (18) está configurado para retardar, durante un intervalo de tiempo predeterminado, el envío de la señal de disparo (19) hacia el dispositivo de protección.2. Protection system against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation based on claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a timer (18) connected to the comparator module (17), where the timer (18) is configured to delay, for a predetermined time interval, the sending of the trigger signal (19) to the protection device. 3. Sistema de protección ante faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque comprende tres medidores de corriente de inducido (4), cada uno conectado respectivamente a una fase del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1), y tres medidores de tensión de inducido (5), cada uno conectado respectivamente a una fase del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1).3. Protection system against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises three armature current meters (4), each connected respectively to one phase of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1), and three armature voltage meters (5), each connected respectively to one phase of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1 ). 4. Sistema de protección ante faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque comprende dos medidores de corriente de inducido (4), cada uno conectado respectivamente a una fase del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1), y dos medidores de tensión de inducido (5), cada uno conectado respectivamente a una fase del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1). 4. Protection system against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two armature current meters (4), each connected respectively to one phase of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1), and two armature voltage meters (5), each connected respectively to one phase of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1 ). 5. Sistema de protección frente a faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque cada medidor de corriente de inducido (4) comprende un transformador de corriente.5. Protection system against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each armature current meter (4) comprises a transformer of stream. 6. Sistema de protección frente a faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque cada medidor de tensión de inducido (5) comprende un transformador de tensión.6. Protection system against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each armature voltage meter (5) comprises a transformer of tension. 7. Método de protección frente a faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas, caracterizado porque comprende:7. Protection method against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation, characterized in that it comprises: o efectuar al menos una medida de corriente de excitación (13) del devanado de excitación (21) de la máquina excitatriz (20);or carry out at least one excitation current measurement (13) of the excitation winding (21) of the excitation machine (20); o efectuar al menos una medida de corriente de inducido (7, 8, 9) en al menos una fase del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1);or carry out at least one armature current measurement (7, 8, 9) in at least one phase of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1); o efectuar al menos una medida de tensión de inducido (10, 11, 12) en al menos una fase del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1);or carry out at least one armature voltage measurement (10, 11, 12) in at least one phase of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1); o efectuar un cálculo (14) de una corriente de excitación teórica de la máquina síncrona principal (15) en función de al menos una medida de corriente de inducido (7, 8, 9) y de al menos una medida de tensión de inducido (10, 11, 12); or carry out a calculation (14) of a theoretical excitation current of the main synchronous machine (15) as a function of at least one armature current measurement (7, 8, 9) and at least one armature voltage measurement ( 10, 11, 12); o efectuar un cálculo (25) de la corriente de excitación teórica de la máquina excitatriz (26) en función de al menos la corriente de excitación teórica de la máquina síncrona principal (15);or carry out a calculation (25) of the theoretical excitation current of the exciter machine (26) as a function of at least the theoretical excitation current of the main synchronous machine (15); o multiplicar la corriente de excitación teórica de la máquina principal (26) calculada, por un coeficiente (16);or multiplying the calculated theoretical excitation current of the main machine (26) by a coefficient (16); o efectuar una comparación entre la medida de corriente de excitación de la máquina excitatriz (13) y la corriente de excitación teórica correspondiente (26) calculada ajustada por el coeficiente (16);or make a comparison between the excitation current measurement of the excitation machine (13) and the corresponding theoretical excitation current (26) calculated adjusted by the coefficient (16); o enviar una señal de disparo (19), hacia un dispositivo de protección, en caso de detectar que el valor de la medida de corriente de excitación de la máquina excitatriz (13) es mayor que la corriente de excitación teórica correspondiente (26) calculada ajustada por el mencionado coeficiente (16).or send a trip signal (19), to a protection device, in case of detecting that the value of the excitation current measurement of the excitation machine (13) is greater than the corresponding theoretical excitation current (26) calculated adjusted by the mentioned coefficient (16). 8. Método de protección ante faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas según la reivindicación 7, caracterizado porque comprende retardar mediante un temporizador (18) el envío de la señal de disparo (19) al dispositivo de protección, durante un intervalo de tiempo determinado.8. Protection method against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises delaying by means of a timer (18) the sending of the trip signal ( 19) to the protection device, for a specified time interval. 9. Método de protección frente a faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 7 u 8, caracterizado porque comprende efectuar al menos una medida de corriente de inducido (7, 8, 9) en cada una de las tres fases del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1), y; efectuar al menos una medida de tensión de inducido (10, 11, 12) en cada una de las tres fases del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1). 9. Protection method against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation according to any of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises carrying out at least one armature current measurement ( 7, 8, 9) in each of the three phases of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1), and; carry out at least one armature voltage measurement (10, 11, 12) in each of the three phases of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1). 10. Método de protección frente a faltas entre espiras en devanados de excitación (3) de máquinas síncronas (1) con excitación indirecta sin escobillas según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 7 u 8, caracterizado porque comprende efectuar al menos una medida de corriente de inducido (7, 8, 9) en dos de las tres fases del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1), y; efectuar al menos una medida de tensión de inducido (10, 11, 12) en dichas dos de las tres fases del devanado de inducido (2) de la máquina síncrona principal (1). 10. Protection method against faults between turns in excitation windings (3) of synchronous machines (1) with indirect brushless excitation according to any of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises carrying out at least one armature current measurement ( 7, 8, 9) in two of the three phases of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1), and; carry out at least one armature voltage measurement (10, 11, 12) in said two of the three phases of the armature winding (2) of the main synchronous machine (1).
ES202031291A 2020-12-23 2020-12-23 SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROTECTION AGAINST FAILURES BETWEEN SPIRES IN EXCITATION WINDINGS OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES WITH INDIRECT BRUSHLESS EXCITATION (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Pending ES2838798A1 (en)

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ES2682062A1 (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-09-18 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROTECTION AGAINST FAULTS BETWEEN SPIRITS IN WINDINGS OF EXCITATION OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES WITH EXCITATION STATIC (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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ES2682062A1 (en) * 2017-11-22 2018-09-18 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PROTECTION AGAINST FAULTS BETWEEN SPIRITS IN WINDINGS OF EXCITATION OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES WITH EXCITATION STATIC (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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