ES2837525A1 - METHOD OF GENERATION, ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF EQUIPPED URBAN RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Generation method, analysis and evaluation of equipped residential urban districts. The method includes the definition of the district lot, free areas and pre-existing buildings; the location of the level 1 equipment; the location of the connection points; the location of the point of origin of the management; the definition of the angle of inclination of the orthogonal mesh supporting the arrangement; the layout of the level 1 road; the generation of a base mesh of superblocks; the layout of the level 2 road; the generation of superblocks, the generation of level 2 open spaces; the generation of level 2 and 3 equipment; the generation of the base mesh of apples; the layout of the level 3 road; the generation of blocks, the allocation of residential and endowment typologies; the generation of optimized volumetry; and the generation of functional, environmental and socio-economic indicators. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

GENERATION METHOD. ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF URBAN DISTRICTS

RESIDENTIAL EQUIPPED

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention falls within the urban and architectural sector, but also within the field of computer-aided algorithmic and parametric design.

An object of the present invention refers to a method for generating, analyzing and evaluating residential urban districts, taking into account functional, environmental and socio-economic variables and standardized urban and building elements, based on algorithms.

Another object of the present invention refers to a processor for the generation of urban planning scenarios (residential urban districts equipped with free spaces and endowments) that is executed by applying the method of generation, analysis and evaluation of equipped residential urban districts.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

More than 50% of the current population lives in cities and it is estimated that by 2050 this figure will reach 75%. This will cause an increase in needs, such as the construction of 330 million homes and 100 new cities, mainly in emerging or developing countries, which will imply an investment of more than 40 trillion dollars. Design, build and manage both new cities and extensions of existing ones, guaranteeing the population's access to urban spaces and high-quality, low-cost housing; as well as minimizing the impact on the environment, it is a central issue in the contemporary panorama.

When developing a residential urban district, whether for political reasons, decisions of developers, construction companies or clients, it is very common to modify the proposed geometric solution and recalculate all the data associated with it. This consumes a huge amount of resources, which in turn increases the cost and extends the design and execution deadlines.

In addition, it is very rare that the projects that are proposed for these residential urban fabrics have the amount of green spaces and sufficient equipment, that they are well located and dimensioned, that the road that structures them gives them an adequate service and does not collapse, that the The ratio of compactness between the built volume and the void is adequate, that the homes are of quality and affordable, etc.

Currently there is no platform that is an equipped residential urban fabric generator engine and that is also linked to a system of functional, environmental and socio-economic indicators. However, the following platforms can be cited as background:

CityEngine https://www.esri.com/en-us/arcgis/products/esri-cityengine/overview is a product developed by Esri that provides a conceptual modeling and design solution to effectively create 3D buildings and cities. It is used to design urban scenarios quickly using systems and sets based on a series of rules that determine the urban models that the program is capable of generating. The user can modify these rules to change the geometry and properties of the urban and building elements that CityEngine generates; however, each rule scheduling change has to be done manually.

Cityzenith https://cityzenith.com/ is a CIM (City Information Modeling) platform that works in an environment called 5D Smart World, which allows to visualize georeferenced 3D cities and with a multitude of associated information layers, organized in databases. data accessible by a search engine. It allows to visualize, analyze and modify urban scenarios. Cityzenith communicates with CAD / BIM / GIS platforms and even allows you to add volumes to your graphical environment by dragging them from the desktop. For the cities for which there is information on this platform, it is possible to access open source databases, 3D buildings and urban infrastructures, satellite images, road networks and traffic information, climate data and IoT services. (Internet of Things) provided by sensors that record different types of information that is transferred to Cityzenith. It is a platform to visualize cities in 3D.

Cloudcities https://www.smarterbettercities.ch/ is an online platform for sharing and viewing 3D city models. This dynamic platform allows improving and accelerating decision-making at the urban level because the geometry is associated with a series of data represented in easily understandable diagrams. However, neither the geometry generation nor the diagrams are parametrically generated. Files and libraries of 3D elements can be added by dragging them onto the screen.

Spacemaker https://spacemaker.ai/ is a cloud tool that is capable of generating and optimizing multiple residential fabric scenarios and showing building indicators associated with the geometry it generates. You can also perform a solar analysis of the resulting geometry at the scale of an apple. It is a very simple and intuitive tool that can be accessed online, it is not necessary to have it installed on a PC. It allows working on basic building parameters at the scale of a block. It gives information on meters built, hours of solar exposure, number and type of apartments that make up the residential buildings on the block, acoustic insulation. And it doesn't communicate directly with CAD, BIM, or GIS platforms.

Architechtures https://architechtures.com/ is a tool capable of generating high-rise garden homes in an automated way, using algorithmic and parametric software, climate simulation software, spreadsheets and a BIM platform. Specifically, you can generate towers, blocks, or linear housing blocks based on how the parameters that configured the geometry of the building were adjusted. It also assigns housing packages organized in modules within the generated volume and allows selecting the number of one, two, three and four bedroom homes that would be in the building. Likewise, it crosses data with Ecotect to place the terraces of the houses on the facade in the best possible positions in terms of exterior hygrothermal comfort, sunlight and privacy conditions. Finally, the generated geometry is exported to BIM platforms. However, it is not linked to any type of indicator and is limited exclusively to the scale of a residential building.

Therefore, a method is necessary to generate, analyze and evaluate residential urban districts equipped with an adequate network of roads, equipment and green spaces, in an automated and optimized way, with respect to sustainable and social building parameters. economic.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention proposes a method that allows to generate, analyze and evaluate different arrangements of residential urban districts, their residential fabric, their road system, equipment and free spaces. All this, linking functional, environmental and socio-economic variables through algorithms, in an automated and optimized way, so that its geometry can be designed and the key indicators associated with it can be calculated; as well as modifying both in real time, varying the value of the parameters that configure them.

The method described in this document uses a catalog of standardized urban and architectural elements, among which are the different urban areas organized by size and functionality (district, sectors, superblocks and blocks), a hierarchical road system ( level 1, 2 and 3), another for facilities (level 1, 2 and 3) and another for free spaces (level 1 and 2).

The method also uses a series of functional, environmental and socio-economic indicators that have to do with land occupation, public space, habitability, mobility and services, urban complexity, green spaces and biodiversity, urban metabolism and social cohesion, connectivity between streets, road traffic, cost and budget plans, etc.

The method of the invention has the following advantages:

1. It allows to analyze, evaluate and generate in an automated and optimized way multiple scenarios of residential urban districts with respect to functional, environmental and socio-economic variables, based on a series of sustainability, building and economic indicators.

2. It allows certifying the scenarios of equipped residential urban districts that it generates with respect to the sustainable, building and socio-economic indicators that it incorporates, so that its housing and environmental quality can be evaluated, as well as its economic viability.

3. It allows modifying in real time both the geometry generated in 2D and 3D and the data associated with it, since it uses algorithmic and parametric logic. Consequently, it allows the visualization of urban planning scenarios that it generates almost immediately.

4. It drastically reduces time and costs both in the design and production phases, because it does so in an automated way, using parametric and algorithmic logics, and because it uses standardized components at both urban and building levels to configure residential urban districts .

5. It allows integrating in the design and management phases many agents of the urban planning process, such as promoters, urban planners, architects, landscapers, environmentalists, economists ... because it considers functional, environmental, economic, and environmental information both on an urban scale as a building, and integrates it in an intuitive and visual way, so that all agents can participate in the design and management processes.

6. It facilitates decision-making and notably reduces uncertainty in the initial phase of conceptualization and programming of residential urban districts due to the speed at which it generates multiple scenarios of urban planning of optimized equipped residential urban districts, and because it does so with respect to functional, environmental and socio-economic indicators.

The urban and architectural elements and the indicators used in the method of the invention are described below:

Orthogonal Mesh Support. Orthogonal mesh that serves as a support for the equipped residential urban districts that are generated.

Existing Building Areas. Those areas where there are buildings that must be maintained, located within the boundaries of the district that are pre-existing to the application of the method of the invention.

Existing Free Spaces. Those public spaces within the boundaries of the district that are pre-existing to the application of the method of the invention.

District. Surface that covers the total area of application of the method of the invention and is delimited by a closed polyline. Preferably, the district can have a size that ranges between about 100 Ha and 500 Ha, the most common being 150 Ha or 300 Ha. It encompasses all urban areas, the entire road system, free spaces, equipment and all the residential fabric.

Sector. Surface area between the level 1 edge road and the level 1 road, which are generated when both types of road are drawn. The sectors correspond to the phases in which an ordination can be divided for its execution and can be 3 or 4. Their size depends on the total size of the district and the number of sectors in which it is desired to phase.

Superblock. Surface generated by dividing the sectors by tracing the level 2 road. Preferably, this type of surface can have an area between 6 Ha and 12 Ha and at least 50% of the superblocks can have an area of 9 Ha. Preferably Both in the X direction and in the Y direction, the superblocks can be dimensioned in relation to a modulus that ranges between 20 and 25 m. The superblock is a modulated urban element preferably made up of from 2x2 to 4x4 blocks. It is provided with a set of interior roads (intervías) that separate the blocks, where traffic will be preferentially restricted to residents and the maximum speed will be 10-20 km / h. Its perimeter may be delimited by a higher level of road network intended for road traffic and public transport, where the maximum speed can be 50 km / h. The superblock allows a new model of urban mobility that restructures the current logic of the road network system and offers citizens high-quality open public spaces where they can enjoy their rights as such.

Apple. Surface that is generated by dividing the superblocks by tracing the level 3 road. This type of surface can preferably be modulated in relation to a base quantity that ranges from 20 to 25 m both in the X direction and in the Y direction. The minimum value of the length of the block, both in the X and Y directions, will preferably be [n * 3] m, and the maximum of [n * 6], where [n] is the value of the block module (of 20 at 25 m). At least 50% of the apples will be [(n * 3) x (n * 3)] m.

Level 1 Border Road. One that borders the district establishing a perimeter circulation that connects with the existing road network and separates the area of application of the method of the invention from what is not. It runs on the closed polyline that delimits the district and its width can range from 0 m to 40 m. The speed limit for this type of road will preferably be 50 km / h and can support public transport.

Level 2 Edge Road. The one that borders the building areas and free spaces on the site, as well as the level 1 equipment, establishing a perimeter circulation around them and separating them from the rest of the area of application of the method of the invention. within the district. It runs over the closed polylines that delimit the building areas and existing free spaces, as well as the areas reserved for level 1 facilities, and its width can range from 0 m to 25 m. The speed limit for this type of road may preferably be 10-20 km / h and it cannot support public transport.

Level 1 road. The one that structures the ordinance will be able to withstand the greatest amount of traffic and connects a point of origin with a perimeter of the site and with the entry points to it, dividing it into sectors. It runs along the axes that connect the connection points with the existing road, located on the perimeter of the district, with the point of origin of the management, located near the geometric center of the district, and its width may preferably range between 20 m and 80 m. The speed limit for this type of road may be 50 km / h and may preferably support public transport.

Level 2 road. One that distributes traffic within sectors and separates superblocks. It runs along the sides of the closed polylines that delimit the superblocks and its width ranges preferably between 20 m and 40 m. The speed limit for this type of road may be 50 km / h and it may support public transport.

Level 3 road. The one that distributes the circulation within the superblock, preferably, will not be allowed to cross it with the car, and will have a character mainly linked to pedestrian circulation. It runs along the axis of the sides of the closed polylines that delimit the blocks and its width can range from 15 m to 25 m. The speed limit for this type of road can be 10-20 km / h and it will preferably not be able to support public transport.

Level 1 Free Spaces. Those public spaces within the boundaries of the district that are delimited by a closed polyline that separates them from the rest of the area of application of the method of the invention. They can serve the entire district or a sector, and preferably its area will be equal to or greater than 1/6 A, where (A) is the area of the superblock in which this type of free space is located. In some cases, they will have areas greater than 10,000 m2.

Level 2 Free Spaces. Those public spaces within the boundaries of the district that are delimited by a closed polyline that separates them from the rest of the area of application of the method of the invention. They can serve the entire district or a superblock and, preferably, their area will be equal to or greater than 1/3 A, with (A) being the area of the superblock in which this type of free space is located. In some cases, they will have areas smaller than 10,000 m2.

Level 1 Equipment. Those equipment located within the district limits that are delimited by a closed polyline that separates them from the rest of the area of application of the method of the invention. They can serve the district or a sector and, preferably, their area will be equal to or greater than 1/3 of A, where (A) is the area of the superblock in which it is located. In some cases, they will have areas greater than 15,000 m2.

Level 2 Equipment. Those equipment located within the district limits that are delimited by a closed polyline that separates them from the rest of the area of application of the method of the invention. They can serve a sector or a superblock and, preferably, its area will be between 1/9 A and 1/6 A, with (A) being the area of the superblock in which it is located. In some cases, its area will be between 10,000 and 15,000 m2.

Level 3 Equipment. Those equipment located within the boundaries of the district that are delimited by a closed polyline that separates them from the rest of the area of application of the method of the invention. They can serve a superblock and, preferably, its area will be less than 1/9, with (A) being the area of the superblock in which it is located. In some cases, they will have areas smaller than 10,000 m2.

Closed, Open and Exempt Blocks. With regard to the different residential building typologies, a differentiation has been made between closed blocks (those that have more than 75% frontage to road), open blocks (those that have between 50% and 75% of facade closed to road) and exempt blocks (isolated towers on residential plots).

Housing Portals. The blocks previously described are composed of southern and latitudinal portals of houses. They will be the result of the combination of different types of homes and will be provided with a vertical communication core and a corridor that provides access to the homes. There will be four types of home portals depending on the number of modules that compose them: A = 5 modules, B = 6 modules, C = 7 modules and D = 10 modules. The types of portals A. B and C will be used to compose closed and open blocks and type D for exempt blocks (towers). In the corners of each type of portal, preferably pass-through houses will be located.

Types of Housing. In a particular case, there are homes with 1, 2, 3 and 4 four bedrooms. These houses can be configured by structural modules that determine their size and spatial organization. Some of them can be interns (they will have facades with two orientations) and others not (they will offer a façade with a single orientation).

Structural Housing Modules. The structural modules can have a length of S = 5.8m, M = 6.4 m and L = 7 m, and a width that varies between 2.7 m and 3.9 m, giving jumps of 0.3 m. The corridor dimension can be 1.4 m or 1.5 m. The minimum total width of the bay will preferably be 13m (combining two 5.8m modules with a 1.4m corridor) and the maximum 15.5m (combining two 7m modules with a 1.5m corridor). Using different combinations of these modules, different types of housing can be configured.

In addition to these standardized components on an urban and building scale, to define the method of the invention, the sustainable, building and economic indicators that it uses are needed. Specifically, the indicators used to configure the method are:

ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS.

01. Protection of spaces of natural interest. It measures the areas and natural habitats of ecological value, in relation to the total area of the district. It provides information on the connectivity of the network of green spaces and the territorial functionality of the pre-existing ecosystems in the area of application of the method of the invention. It is expressed in (%).

02. Protection of elements of cultural interest. Measures the areas that include heritage elements or elements of special cultural interest that must be conserved, in relation to the total area from District. Likewise, it can encompass areas of pre-existing current buildings that have to be conserved. It gives information on how to put the existing building in value in relation to the intervention to be developed in a planning. It is expressed in (%).

03. Housing density. It measures the number of projected dwellings in relation to a reference surface of one hectare. It provides information on the number of people that inhabit the district and its adequate distribution in it with respect to services and free spaces to ensure social cohesion. It is expressed in (n ° viv / Ha). The number of homes is estimated based on the type of building used and the m2 intended for residential use.

04. Absolute compactness. It measures the ratio of space occupied by the building, expressed in volume, with respect to a surface area of 200 x 200 m, considering only the urban area. It provides information on the tension between the buildings and the living space, to obtain a model of a compact and close city that is neither lax nor congested. Equivalent to the average height of the building above the reference surface. It is expressed in

(m).

05. Corrected compactness. It measures the ratio of space occupied by the building, expressed in volume, with respect to a surface area of 200 x 200 m, considering the space of the room with a specific width of at least 5 m. It provides information on the tension between the buildings and the living space, corrected with respect to green spaces, to obtain a model of a compact and close city that is neither lax nor congested. Equivalent to the average height of the building above the reference surface. It is expressed in (m).

06. Living space per inhabitant. It measures the surface of the living space, of a specific width of at least 5 m, in relation to the total number of inhabitants of the district. Provides information on the degree of physical and mental well-being of the population in relation to natural spaces. It is a complementary indicator to the corrected compactness. It is expressed in (m2 / hab).

07. Exclusive road space for pedestrians. It measures the area destined for pedestrian circulation with restricted access to passing vehicles in relation to the total road. It provides information on the amount of public space released for urbanity, leisure, communication, coexistence and exchange. It is expressed in (%).

08. Proximity to alternative transportation networks to the automobile. It measures the amount of population that has simultaneous coverage to one or more public transport stops and bicycles. Provides information on whether or not there is, and to what extent, an alternative to the car to ensure the population's access to public transport and reduce noise and air pollution. It is expressed in (%). The population of a given area is estimated in relation to the building typology and the m2 destined for residential use.

09. Parking for cars off the road. Measures the provision of parking spaces for residential use and the percentage of them that are outside the road, to recover the free space for pedestrians without obstacles or friction; if possible, using high-rise parking buildings for this. It is expressed in (n ° places / dwelling) and in (%).

10. Spatial and functional continuity of the street. It measures the length of a street and its degree of activity in relation to the total length of streets. Provides information on the degree of interaction of the citizen with the street depending on the area of commercial and tertiary use on the ground floor and the road space intended for pedestrians, to create interactive axes and generate attractive paths for pedestrians, intertwining the urban fabric through social and commercial ties. It is expressed in (% / ml).

11. Proportion of the street. It measures the relationship that exists between the height of the facades of buildings that face a street and the horizontal distance that separates them, or width of the street. It gives information about the street section so that it has an adequate level of insolation and lighting. It is a quotient between two numbers so it is expressed as (n0).

12. Green space per inhabitant. It measures the amount of green areas, such as parks, gardens, and other spaces with at least more than 50% vegetation coverage, in urban areas, without considering traffic islands, in relation to the number of inhabitants. It provides useful information to assess whether there is enough green space to maintain the biodiversity and well-being of the district's population. It is expressed in (m2 / hab).

13. Simultaneous proximity to green spaces. It measures the amount of population with simultaneous coverage of the different types of green space considered (parks, green corridors, squares ...). Provides information on whether or not citizens have access to said spaces of relationship, which promote exchange between people and the organisms that make up the urban ecosystem. It is expressed in (%).

14. Soil biotic index. It measures the relationship between functionally significant surfaces in the natural cycle of the soil and a reference surface of 200 x 200 m. It gives information on whether or not the soil is conducive to the development of plant life and to retain water. It is expressed in (%).

15: Provision of trees on the road. It measures the percentage of linear meters of street with an adequate density of trees to be considered as a potential green corridor. It provides information on the connectivity of the urban ecosystem and biodiversity to compensate for the built-up area with tree planting. It is expressed in (%).

16. Green roofs. It measures the proportion of vegetated roofs in relation to the total roof area of the district. It provides information on the connection of urban green to enhance biodiversity, connect urban green with peri-urban and improve the thermal and acoustic behavior of buildings. It is expressed in (%).

17. Energy consumption in the residential sector. It measures the energy consumption of the residential area built per inhabitant and year. It provides information on economic savings and the reduction of C02 emissions, maintaining an adequate level of comfort for citizens. It is expressed in (kWh / m2 / year). For each location, an estimate of residential energy consumption per home will be made based on the specific energy regulations of said location, its GDP or the average energy consumption per home in the country.

18. Energy consumption in the tertiary sector and equipment. It measures the energy consumption of the endowment and tertiary area built per inhabitant and year. It provides information on economic savings and the reduction of C02 emissions, also maintaining an adequate level of comfort for citizens. It is expressed in (kWh / m2 / year). For each location, an estimate of endowment and tertiary energy consumption will be made based on the specific energy regulations of said location, its GDP or the average tertiary energy consumption of the country.

19. Energy consumption of public lighting. It measures the energy consumption of the free space area built per inhabitant and year. It provides information on economic savings and the reduction of C02 emissions, also maintaining an adequate level of comfort for the well-being of citizens. It is expressed in (kWh / m2 / year). For each location, an estimate of energy consumption for lighting public spaces will be made based on the specific energy regulations of said location, its GDP or the average public energy consumption in the country.

20. Provision of protected housing. It measures the proportion of the housing tenure system in relation to the entire residential fabric and the proportion of protected dwellings in relation to the total. It provides information on whether the dwellings are in a rental or purchase regime and on how many protection dwellings there are in relation to the total, to ensure access to affordable housing for the entire population of the district. It is expressed in (%).

21. Provision of basic services and equipment. Measures the provision of equipment for the population of the district. It provides information on whether the population has access to an optimal endowment of services and equipment or not, regardless of their sociodemographic characteristics, to promote social cohesion. It also reveals how much of the population has access to each level of equipment. It is expressed in (m2 / hab) and in (%).

22. Proximity to basic services and equipment. Measures the provision of services and equipment for the population of the district. It provides information on whether the population has access to an optimal endowment or not, regardless of their socio-demographic characteristics, to promote social cohesion. It also reveals how much of the population has access to each level of services and facilities. It is expressed in (m2 / hab) and in (%).

23. Balanced mix of uses. It measures the relationship between the non-residential built area (commercial, tertiary and productive) and the total built area, over a reference area of 200 x 200 m. It provides information on how sustainable the city model is in relation to its dynamism, safety in public spaces, integration and urban complexity. It is expressed in (%).

24. urban complexity index. It measures the degree of urban organization of the city taking into account the balance between the resident employed population and the localized places of activity. Provides information on the organization of the urban system and allows evaluating whether there is an increase in the number of information carriers and their encounters in the city. It is expressed in (bits of information). To calculate it, it is necessary to know a georeferenced census of legal entities (economic activities, associations, facilities, institutions ...) in the district.

25: habitability index of the public space. It measures the degree of satisfaction and positive perception of the space by the citizen. It provides information on variables such as air quality, acoustic and thermal comfort, free space for pedestrians, road accessibility, the proportion of the street and the density of activities on the ground floor and the perception of urban green. All this, in relation to a percentage of urban fabric, which is why it is expressed in (%).

BUILDING INDICATORS.

01. Relative district net area. Measures the area in which the method of the invention can be developed; that is, the total area of the district minus the area of the existing free spaces and the existing building areas that must be respected. It gives information on how much useful surface there is to carry out the arrangement. It refers to the total area of the district and is expressed in (%).

02. Relative free space area. Measures the relationship between the area of existing free spaces, levels 1 and 2, and the total area of the district. It gives information on the surface destined to free space in the planning to recalibrate and resize it, if it is necessary to do so, to project a compensated and balanced network of free spaces. It is expressed in (%).

03. Relative free facilities area. It measures the relationship between the area of the level 1, 2 and 3 facilities, and the total area of the district. It provides information on the area destined for equipment in the planning to recalibrate and resize it, if it is necessary to do so, to project a compensated and balanced equipment network. It is expressed in (%).

04. Relative road area. It measures the relationship between the area of the road on levels 1, 2 and 3, and the total area of the district. It gives information on the area destined to the road in the ordination to recalibrate and resize it, if it has to be done, to project a balanced and compensated road network. It is expressed in (%).

05. Relative residential area. It measures the relationship that exists between the residential area for all possible typologies and the total area of the district. It gives information on the area destined for residential use in the planning to recalibrate and resize it, if it is necessary to do so, to project a compensated and balanced residential district. It is expressed in (%).

06. Relative built-up residential area. Measures the relationship between the total residential roof area and the total district area. It provides information on the amount of residential area built in the district to recalibrate and resize it, if necessary, to project a district with a compensated and balanced residential fabric. It is expressed in (%).

07. Relative tertiary area. It measures the relationship that exists between the tertiary area for commercial, productive, hotel ... and the total residential area on the ground floor. It provides information on the area destined for tertiary use in the planning to recalibrate and resize it, if it has to be done, to project a balanced and compensated planning in terms of the relationship of residential and tertiary use. It is expressed in (%).

08. Proportion of facilities. It measures the relationship that exists between the different types of level 1, 2 and 3 equipment; that is to say, between hospitals, health centers, social centers, sports centers, schools, nurseries ... in order to be able to assess whether a properly dimensioned equipment network is being designed with respect to the planned residential planning. It is expressed in (%).

09. Proportion of roads. Measures the relationship between the different types of road levels 1, 2 and 3; that is to say, between border roads, structuring, distribution, interior ... to be able to evaluate if a properly dimensioned road network is being designed with respect to the residential planning that is projected. It is expressed in (%).

10. Relative sector area. It measures the relationship that exists between the area of each sector and the area of the typical sector. The typical sector area will be calculated by dividing that of the district by the number of sectors. It gives information on the dimension of the surfaces in which the application area of the method of the invention is phased, which coincide with the sectors, to recalibrate and resize them, if necessary, so that the phasing of the arrangement is adjust to project needs. It is expressed in (%).

11. Deviation to a typical superblock. It measures the relationship between the area of each superblock and that of the typical superblock. It provides information on the extent to which each of the superblocks adjusts to or deviates from the ideal size it should have, so that it is never above or below established limits, to generate a balanced and balanced urban fabric. It is expressed in (%).

12. Standard block deviation. Measure the relationship between the area of each apple and that of the typical apple. It provides information on the extent to which each of the blocks adjusts to or deviates from the ideal size it should have, so that it is never above or below established limits, to generate a balanced and balanced urban fabric. It is expressed in (%).

13. Area of influence of level 1 free spaces. Measure the area of influence of each level 1 free space in relation to the residential area that surrounds it, setting a specific distance from the perimeter of the area that delimits the space. free. Provides information on the amount of residential area served by the level 1 free space in question, based on its size. It is expressed in (m).

14. Area of influence of free spaces of level 2. Measure the area of influence of each free space of level 2 in relation to the residential area that surrounds it, setting a specific distance from the perimeter of the area that delimits the space. free. It gives information on the amount of residential area served by the level 2 free space in question, based on its size. It is expressed in (m).

15. Area of influence of level 1 facilities. Measure the area of influence of each level 1 facility in relation to the residential area that surrounds it, setting a specific distance from the perimeter of the area that delimits the facility. It gives information on the amount of residential area served by the level 1 equipment in question, depending on its size. It is expressed in (m).

16. Influence area of level 2 facilities. Measure the area of influence of each level 2 facility in relation to the residential area that surrounds it, setting a specific distance from the perimeter of the area that delimits the facility. It gives information on the amount of residential area served by the level 2 equipment in question, depending on its size. It is expressed in (m).

17. Area of influence of level 3 facilities. It measures the area of influence of each level 3 facility in relation to the surrounding residential area, setting a specific distance from the perimeter of the area that delimits the facility. It gives information on the amount of residential area served by the level 3 equipment in question, depending on its size. It is expressed in (m).

18. Residential percentage per superblock. It measures the relationship between the residential area of a superblock and its total area. It gives information on the amount of residential use that is in each superblock, to assess whether it is adequately provided with respect to the rest of the uses that may be in it. It refers to the superblock because this is the minimum unit on an urban scale with which we work. It is expressed in (%).

19. Percentage of free spaces per superblock. It measures the relationship between the free space area of a superblock and its total area. It gives information on the amount of free space in each superblock, to assess whether it is adequately proportioned with respect to the other uses that may be in it. It refers to the superblock because this is the minimum unit on an urban scale with which we work. It is expressed in (%).

20. Percentage of equipment per superblock. It measures the relationship that exists between the equipment area of a superblock and its total area. It gives information on the amount of endowment use that is in each superblock, to assess whether it is adequately proportioned with respect to the other uses that may be in it. It refers to the superblock because this is the minimum unit on an urban scale with which we work. It is expressed in (%).

21. Relative proportion of building typologies. It measures the relationship that exists between the different building typologies; i.e. between closed blocks, open blocks and blocks exempted, in order to evaluate whether an adequate residential fabric is being designed with respect to the typological characteristics that have been set for the residential planning that is projected. It is expressed in (%).

22. Occupancy per block. It measures the relationship that exists between the surface occupied by the building in plan that is in each block and the total surface of said block. It gives information on what proportion of space the building occupies within the block; and, therefore, on the free space that remains to be occupied in said block. It is expressed in (%).

23. Buildability per block. It measures the relationship between the square meters built of roof and the square meters of floor of the building, for each block. It gives information on how much can be built taking into account what the building occupies in plan, for each block. Being a quotient between elements expressed in the same units, it is expressed as (n0).

24. n0 of average plants per apple. It measures the average number of floors of the buildings in a block. It gives information about the skyline of the generated city model; and, therefore, it gives an idea of the density and residential building topology of said model. It is expressed in (n0).

25. Exterior / interior facade relationship. It measures the relationship between the square meters of exterior and interior facade of each of the buildings in a block. It gives information on the typology of each residential building and also on the cost of the building depending on its facade. Being a quotient between elements expressed in the same units, it is expressed as (n0).

ECONOMIC INDICATORS.

01. Relative salable area. Measures the residential, tertiary and commercial roof area that can be sold, in relation to the area of the district. It gives information on the percentage of surface that can be monetized with respect to the total surface, to know if it fits with respect to the initial project conditions and make the pertinent modifications if necessary. It is measured in (%).

02. Relative total residential cost. Measures the cost of the total residential roof area in relation to the cost of the district area. It gives information on the price of the residential area of the management referred to the cost of the entire district, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for residential use. It is measured in (%).

03. Total relative cost of previous works. It measures the cost of the total area in which cleaning work on the site, excavations and landfills has to be carried out, in relation to the cost of the district area. It gives information about the price that it costs to carry out all these tasks in the ordination referred to the cost of the entire district, to be able to modify these activities if necessary. It is measured in (%).

04. Total relative cost of free spaces. It measures the cost of the total free space area, in relation to the cost of the district area. It gives information on the price of the free space area of the management referred to the cost of the entire district, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for public space. It is measured in (%).

05. Relative cost of existing free spaces. It measures the cost necessary to adapt the existing free spaces of the site, in relation to the cost of the total area of the free space system. It gives information on the price of the existing free space area of the arrangement referred to the cost of the total free space area, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the free space system. It is measured in (%).

06. Relative cost of level 1 free spaces. It measures the cost of the work necessary to adapt the area of level 1 free spaces, in relation to the cost of the total area of the free space system. It gives information on the price of the free space area of level 1 of the arrangement referred to the cost of the total free space area, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the free space system. It is measured in (%).

07. Relative cost of level 2 free spaces. It measures the cost of the necessary work to adapt the area of level 2 free spaces, in relation to the cost of the total area of the free space system. It gives information on the price of the free space area of level 2 of the arrangement referred to the cost of the total free space area, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the free space system. It is measured in (%).

08. Total relative cost of equipment. It measures the cost of the work necessary to adapt the total equipment area, in relation to the cost of the district area. It gives information on the price of the area provided by the management referred to the cost of the entire district, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the range of prices assigned for the use of the area. It is measured in (%).

09. Relative cost of level 1 equipment. It measures the cost of level 1 equipment, in relation to the cost of the total area of the equipment system. It gives information on the price of the level 1 equipment surface of the ordinance referred to the cost of the total equipment surface, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the equipment system. It is measured in (%).

10. Relative cost of level 2 equipment. Measures the cost of level 2 equipment, in relation to the cost of the total area of the equipment system. It gives information on the price of the level 2 equipment surface of the arrangement referred to the cost of the total equipment surface, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the equipment system. It is measured in (%).

11. Relative cost of level 3 equipment. Measures the cost of level 3 equipment, in relation to the cost of the total area of the equipment system. It gives information on the price of the level 3 equipment surface of the ordinance referred to the cost of the total equipment surface, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the equipment system. It is measured in (%).

12. Total relative cost of road. It measures the cost of the total area of the road system, in relation to the cost of the district area. It gives information on the price of the area provided by the management referred to the cost of the entire district, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the use of the area. It is measured in (%).

13. Relative cost of level 1 road. It measures the cost of the level 1 road area, in relation to the cost of the total area of the road system. It gives information on the price of the road surface of level 1 of the ordinance referred to the cost of the total road surface, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the road system. It is measured in (%).

14. Relative cost of level 2 road. It measures the cost of the level 2 road area, in relation to the cost of the total area of the road system. It gives information on the price of the level 2 road surface of the ordinance referred to the cost of the total road surface, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the road system. It is measured in (%).

15. Relative cost of level 3 road. It measures the cost of the level 3 road area, in relation to the cost of the total area of the road system. It gives information on the price of the road surface of level 3 of the ordinance referred to the cost of the total road surface, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the road system. It is measured in (%).

16. Relative total cost of infrastructure. It measures the cost of the total area of the infrastructure system (rainwater collection, water supply, sanitation, electricity supply), in relation to the cost of the district area. It gives information on the price of the infrastructure surface! management, referred to the cost of the entire district, to be able to modify it if it goes outside the price range assigned for the space for infrastructures. It is measured in (%).

17. Relative cost of rainwater collection. It measures the cost of the rainwater collection system, in relation to the cost of the total area of the infrastructure system. It provides information on the price of the system for collecting rainwater in the planning, referred to the cost of the entire infrastructure system, in order to be able to modify its layout if it leaves the price range assigned for the system. It is measured in (%).

18. Relative cost of water supply. It measures the cost of the water supply collection system, in relation to the cost of the total area of the infrastructure system. It gives information on the price of the water supply system of the management referred to the cost of the entire infrastructure system, to be able to modify its layout if it goes outside the price range assigned for said system. It is measured in (%).

19. Relative cost of sanitation. It measures the cost of the sanitation system, in relation to the cost of the total area of the infrastructure system. It provides information on the price of the urban planning system, referring to the cost of the entire infrastructure system, in order to be able to modify its layout if it falls outside the price range assigned for said system. It is measured in (%).

20. Relative cost of electricity supply. It measures the cost of the electricity supply system, in relation to the cost of the total area of the infrastructure system. It gives information on the price of the electricity supply system of the ordinance referred to the cost of the entire infrastructure system, in order to be able to modify its layout if it goes outside the price range assigned for said system. It is measured in (%).

All the defined sustainable, building and economic indicators have their own calculation formula and minimum and optimal values that are translated into a score to qualify the scenarios of equipped residential urban districts that can be generated. By means of algorithm chains, all indicators are linked to the geometry that is generated, so that by changing the parameters that configure it, the value of the indicators is modified in real time.

Taking into account all the standardized urban and architectural elements and all the sustainable, building and socio-economic indicators described in the previous paragraphs, it is possible to define a method for the generation, analysis and evaluation of equipped residential urban districts, which is described through of the following steps:

First, an intervention area is defined as a district, which is the largest urban area, which includes all the others that will be generated (sectors, superblocks and blocks) delimiting it with a closed polyline. Subsequently, some connection points of the main road of the district will be determined on its contour, whose position and number will be set by the user.

Additionally, if there are any, existing free areas are delimited (forests, or green areas that must be maintained), as well as pre-existing building areas (areas with buildings that must be respected).

Next, level 1 free spaces will be located within the district, which are delimited by closed polylines. These spaces are large green spaces that serve the entire district, such as large parks, forests, leisure areas, etc. The outline and position of these spaces will be defined by the user.

Similarly, level 1 facilities will be located within the district, which are delimited by closed polylines. These endowment spaces are great facilities that serve the entire district, such as stadiums, universities, hospitals, etc. The outline and position of these spaces will be defined by the user.

Next, the user will define an angle of the orthogonal mesh that will serve as support for the ordering. Likewise, a point of origin of the arrangement will be generated, drawing parallel and perpendicular to the angle of the mesh through the connection points, and selecting from among some crosses generated between the lines the one that is closest to the center of mass of the district contour, in which a first level road will converge. The width of this road will be defined by the user.

Preferably, a level 1 border road, which is the perimeter road of the district, will be drawn on its contour. The width of this road will be defined by the user. Also preferably, a level 2 border road will be drawn on the contour of the areas of free spaces and existing buildings. The width of this road will be defined by the user.

Next, level 1 road axes will be drawn joining the connection points with the point of origin of the ordination, thus defining a level 1 road that structures the ordination, joining the connection points with the point of origin. This road will divide the district into sectors and its width will be defined by the user. Consequently, some sectors of management will be generated.

Next, a superblock mesh will be generated within the sectors, which will be orthogonal and one of its directions must follow that of the mesh angle previously set. The base cell of this mesh can be modulated in its two directions and will have the area of a typical superblock, set by the user.

Next, this mesh will intersect with the contour of the district and the border cells will be differentiated from those that are not. Subsequently, the cells that do not reach the minimum size will be joined to conform one superblock to others, until they reach an area equal to or greater than the base area of a superblock, always on the longest side of all the common sides of each cell with its neighboring cells.

Next, the level 2 road will be drawn, which distributes the traffic within the sectors, along the perimeter of the joined cells of the superblock mesh. This road will divide the sectors in superblocks and their width will be defined by the user. Consequently, the superblocks will be generated in the arrangement.

Once the previous process is finished, the mesh of apples will be generated within the superblocks, which will be orthogonal and one of its directions must follow that of the mesh angle previously set. The base cell of this mesh will be modulated in its two directions and will have the area of a typical block, set by the user.

Next, this mesh will intersect with the contour of the superblocks and the border cells will be differentiated from those that are not. Subsequently, the cells that do not reach the minimum size will be made to conform one block to others until they reach an area equal to or greater than the base area of an apple, always on the longest side of all the common sides of each cell. with its neighboring cells.

Next, the level 3 road will be traced, which distributes the traffic within the superblocks, along the axis of the perimeter of the joined cells of the block grid. This road will divide the superblocks into apples and their width will be defined by the user. Consequently, apples will be generated in sorting.

Once the order is generated, additional steps can be carried out in the method of the invention as defined below.

Thus, within the superblocks, level 2 free spaces can be defined, occupying one or more blocks depending on their area, which will serve the superblocks. This type of free space can be parks, green corridors, gardens, etc. Some will be generated in an automated way to cover minimums and for others the user will determine their position.

In the same way, within the superblocks, occupying one or more blocks depending on their area, level 2 equipment will be generated, which will serve the superblocks. This type of endowment spaces can be libraries, social centers, sports centers, etc. The user will determine their position.

Next, the patterns of residential typologies (closed, open, and exempt blocks) will be assigned in an automated way on the floor in the residential blocks, making the most of the area of these blocks. The user will be able to modify said assignment. Similarly, the user will assign the plant equipment building patterns in the endowment blocks.

Once this process is completed, the volume can be generated in an automated and optimized way depending on the number of square meters of roof for residential and residential use, set by the user, and a minimum number of hours of sunshine that each person will have to receive. housing, through a simulation which will be set by the user in relation to local regulations.

Finally, all the sustainable, building and socio-economic indicators defined in the description for the management generated will be calculated, and through a scoring system it will be possible to obtain the quality rating of the urban residential equipped district generated.

In any of the stages of the defined method, it will be possible to generate files and plans that represent the geometry generated in 2D or 3D so far. In the same way, it will have to be possible to generate the building, sustainable and socio-economic data tables generated up to that moment.

Applying this method results in five phases in which a generated type order can be divided by following all the steps described in it:

0. Area of Intervention. In this phase, the contour of the site on which the district will be developed, the existing free spaces and the existing building areas that must be maintained are recognized. Level 1 facilities and level 1 green spaces, structuring the management, are also incorporated. The indicators that are considered in this stage have to do with measurements of areas of the geometry that is generated, district shape coefficient, housing density, number of inhabitants, etc. In this phase, the graphic document with associated data that can be generated has a fairly fine level of detail and is used to make decisions at the residential level about the management.

1. Structural Management. In this phase, a 2D structural arrangement is generated in which all the geometry and data from the previous phase appear plus the district, the level 1 and 2 border road that delimits it, the sectors, the level 1 road that structures the ordinance and divides the district into sectors, the superblocks and the level 2 road divide the sectors into superblocks. The indicators of this phase will be reflected in a territorial balance of superblocks and measure the surface of urban areas and the road that is generated. In this phase, it is already possible to generate a graphic document with associated data tables that is used to make decisions at the territorial level about management.

2. Detailed Ordering. In this phase, a detailed 2D arrangement is generated in which all the geometry and data of the previous phase appear, plus the apples and the level 3 road that divides the superblocks into apples. Likewise, in this phase the free spaces of level 2 and the facilities of level 2 and 3 are assigned, so the uses of each block are determined. The indicators of this phase are reflected in a territorial balance of blocks and measure the surface of urban areas and the road that is generated. In this phase, the graphic document with associated data that can be generated is already quite detailed and is used to make decisions at the urban level about management.

3. Residential and Endowment Types. In this phase, different building types are assigned to the residential blocks: closed, open and exempt blocks, as well as the housing portals to said building types, and the different types of 1, 2, 3 and 4 bedroom homes, within the portals, in 2D. The indicators of this phase are reflected in a residential territorial balance and measure all possible building parameters in 2D: areas, footprint, occupation, housing density, etc. Likewise, the endowment typologies will be assigned for level 1, 2 and 3 facilities. In this phase, the graphic document with associated data that can be generated has a fairly fine level of detail and is used to make decisions at the residential level about management.

4. Volumetric Optimization. In this phase, the complete volume of the planning is generated in relation to parameters such as buildability and a solar analysis. Likewise, it takes into account key indicators to generate said volume. The indicators of this phase are reflected in a volumetric territorial balance in which all the parameters of the building are reflected: buildability, built surface, facade surface ... as well as all the necessary functional, environmental and socio-economic indicators: compactness , green space per inhabitant, proximity to facilities, urban complexity index, etc. In this phase, the graphic document with associated data that is generated has the maximum detail that can be offered and is used to make decisions at all levels about management.

The entire process is used to generate ordinances of equipped residential urban districts that, preferably, meet the following conditions:

1. There is always a central point of origin of the ordinance close to the level 1 road junction that has a special character and that behaves as an attractor of the ordinance.

2. Pre-existing building areas cannot be crossed by any type of road.

3. Existing green spaces or level 1 can only be crossed by road level 1 and 2.

4. The level 1 road connects with the border road at the connection points and crosses at the point of origin of the management, close to the center of the polygon that defines the district.

5. A road should meet another of an equal level, immediately lower or immediately higher, without jumps of two levels.

6. An orthogonal support mesh is used to generate the order, so that at least the level 1 and 2 road always has continuity.

7. An orientation angle is defined that determines one of the two main directions of the mesh, the second being perpendicular to the first. Said angle is fundamentally determined by solar conditions.

8. The existing building areas and green spaces, as well as the level 1 facilities, are located in the district before generating the grid and the urban areas.

9. The level 2 free spaces and the level 2 and 3 facilities are distributed evenly in the sectors, within the superblocks.

10. The superblock is the basic urban unit and must be equipped with level 2 open spaces and some type of level 2 or 3 equipment.

11. Circulation inside the superblock (level 3 road) is limited to 10-20 km / h (level 3 road) and cannot be crossed by car. The rest of the roads (level 1 and 2) have a speed limitation of 50 km / h and can support public transport as well as private transport.

12. The assignment of the different residential typologies to the residential blocks is done taking advantage of the largest possible floor area, allowing later to modify the blocks that house closed, open and isolated blocks, controlling the percentage of each one of these building typologies.

13. The structural module determines the size of the houses, the number of houses that make up a portal determines the type of portal, and the number of portals that houses a block in relation to its position on the plot, determines if the block is closed , open or exempt.

14. Residential volumetric optimization is carried out based on the square meters of residential and endowment ceiling to be achieved and a minimum number of hours of sunshine that each home must receive.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of a practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. , diagrams, tables and figures that, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, represent the following:

Figure 1A.- Enumeration of steps to follow to generate an equipped residential urban district, up to the generation of superblocks.

Figure 1B.- Enumeration of steps to follow to generate an equipped residential urban district, from the generation of superblocks to the generation of indicators.

Figure 2.- Graphic representation of steps to follow to generate an equipped residential urban district.

Figure 3. Graphical representation of the orthogonal mesh that supports type ordinations.

Figure 4.- Graphic representation of the standardized urban elements: urban areas, and road system.

Figure 5.- Graphic representation of the standardized building elements: residential typologies of closed, open and exempt blocks in the ordination.

Figure 6.- Graphic representation of standardized building elements: types of housing portals.

Figure 7.- Graphic representation of the standardized building elements: housing structural modules.

Figure 8.- Graphic representation of the families of functional, environmental and socio-economic indicators.

Figure 9.- Graphic representation of an example of certification of an ordinance.

Figure 10.- Graphic representation of the phases of the equipped urban residential district system.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method for generating, analyzing and evaluating residential urban districts. Figures 1a and 1b list the steps necessary to execute a preferred embodiment of the invention, which are graphically represented in Figure 2 ^:

Definition of district and determination of the location of the connection points (1). A district will be defined as the complete intervention area delimited by a closed polyline. The position of the connection points of the existing or planned road that supplies the district, with the level 1 road and the level 1 border, will be calculated.

Definition of existing free spaces, existing building areas, level 1 free spaces and level 1 facilities (2). The existing free spaces that must be conserved will be defined as those that are delimited by a closed polyline, within the district. Existing building areas will be defined as those that encompass built spaces and volumes that must be preserved, delimiting them by means of a closed polyline, for each one of them, within the district. The areas reserved for level 1 free spaces will be defined as those that are delimited by a closed polyline, within the district. Level 1 clearances will serve the entire district. The areas reserved for level 1 equipment will be defined as those that are delimited by a closed polyline, within the district. Tier 1 facilities will serve the entire district.

Determination of the angle of the mesh and the location of the point of origin and tracing of the level 1 (3) road axes. The angle of the orthogonal support mesh will be determined and the position of the point of origin of the arrangement will be calculated, which must be connected to all the connection points and located near the center of mass of the closed polyline that delimits the district. Level 1 road axes are defined as lines that join the point of origin with the connection points.

Level 1 and 2 edge road layout, level 1 road and generation of sectors (4). A level 1 border road will be drawn on the closed polyline that delimits the district. The section of this road must be defined. A level 2 border road will be drawn on each of the closed polylines that delimit the existing building areas and spaces existing free. The section of this road must be defined. A level 1 structuring road network will be generated that starts from the connection points and crosses at the point of origin. The section of this road must be defined. Sectors will be generated such as the surfaces between the level 1 border road and the level 1 road.

Mesh plot of superblocks (5). An orthogonal mesh will be drawn, within the sectors, that will serve as support for the axes of the level 2 road, whose base cells have the area of a typical superblock. One of the mesh directions must follow the previously set angle of inclination and the x and y dimension of the superblock to determine the size of the mesh base cell.

Differentiation between inner and edge superblock base mesh cells (6). A differentiation will be made between the cells of the base mesh of superblocks located on the edge of the district and those that are located inside it.

Superblock base mesh cell sieve (7). A screen will be made of the cells of the base mesh of superblocks, so that a group will be made with those whose area is greater than a percentage of the superblock type area, set by the user, and others will remain within another group whose area is below.

Realization of a first union (8) of cells of the base mesh of superblocks. A first union of cells of the base mesh of superblocks will be made in which border cells smaller than the area of the superblock type cell will be joined to interior cells of a larger size, on the longest side of all common sides of each cell with its neighboring cells.

Realization of a second union (9) of cells of the base mesh of superblocks. A second union of cells of the base mesh of superblocks will be made in which border cells smaller than the area of the superblock type cell will be joined to the cells joined in the previous step, on the longest side of all the common sides of each cell with its neighboring cells.

Level 2 road layout and generation of superblocks (10). A level 2 road network will be generated that will divide the sectors into superblocks and establish a separation among the latter. The section of this road must be defined. Superblocks will be generated as the surfaces that result from dividing the sectors with the level 2 road network.

Generation of territorial balance of superblocks. A table will be generated with alphanumeric data: number, location, area, length, relative size ... associated with the geometry generated up to this phase: district, sectors, superblocks, existing building areas, existing free spaces and level 1, facilities level 1, level 1 and 2 border road, level 1 and 2 road.

Mesh tracing of apples (11). An orthogonal mesh will be drawn within the superblocks that will serve as a support for the level 3 road, whose base cells have the area of a typical block. The tilt angle of the mesh will be the same as that of the superblock mesh. The apple x and y dimension must be defined to determine the size of the mesh base cell.

Carrying out a union of cells of the base mesh of apples (12), in which border and interior cells smaller than the area of the base apple cell, defined by the user, are joined to the larger cells on the longest side of all the common sides of each cell with neighboring cells.

Level 3 road layout and generation of blocks (13). A level 3 road network will be generated that will divide the superblocks into blocks and establish a separation between the latter. The section of this road must be defined. Apples will be generated as the surfaces that result from dividing the superblocks with the level 3 road network.

Definition of level 2 free spaces and level 2 and 3 facilities (14). Level 2 free spaces will be generated distributing them equally in the sectors, within a superblock, grouping the blocks that are necessary to cover the area of each of the level 2 free spaces. Level 2 free spaces will serve to a super apple. The level 2 equipment will be generated by distributing them equally in the sectors, within a superblock, grouping the blocks that are necessary to cover the area of each of the level 2 equipment pieces. The level 2 equipment will serve a sector. The level 3 equipments will be generated distributing them equitably in the sectors, within a superblock, grouping the blocks that necessary to cover the area of each level 3 piece of equipment. Level 2 equipment will serve a superblock.

Generation of territorial balance of apples. A table will be generated with alphanumeric data: number, location, area, length, relative size ... associated with the geometry generated up to this phase: district, sectors, superblocks, blocks, existing building areas, existing free spaces, level 1 and 2, level 1,2 and 3 facilities, level 1 and 2 edge road, level 1, 2 and 3 road.

Assignment of residential building typologies (15). Floor patterns will be assigned for the different residential building typologies of the ordination: closed blocks, open blocks and exempt blocks depending on the dimension and geometry of the plot. Once the assignment has been made, the modification of building typologies assigned to the plots will have to be allowed in a parametric way.

Assignment of home portals. Portals will be assigned as sets of modulated dwellings with a vertical communication core and a common distribution corridor, of which A (5 modules), B (6 modules) and C (7 modules) will be used for closed and open blocks and D ( 10 modules) for exempt blocks.

Optimization of housing distribution. The distribution of the different types of 1D (1 bedroom), 2D (2 bedrooms) and 3D (3 bedrooms) modular homes will be optimized, until the desired distribution is reached.

Assignment of building types of equipment (16). Generic floor patterns will be assigned for level 1, 2 and 3 equipment buildings based on their size and use.

Generation of residential territorial balance. A table with alphanumeric data will be generated: number, location, area, length, relative size, buildability, occupation, footprint ... associated with the geometry generated up to this phase: district, sectors, superblocks, blocks, existing building areas, spaces existing free, level 1 and 2, level 1, 2 and 3 facilities, level 1 and 2 border road, level 1, 2 and 3 road, plan of closed, open and exempt blocks.

Generation of the ordination volumetry (17). The volumetry of the arrangement will be generated from the floors, optimizing it with respect to the total built area and the number of hours of sunshine that each home receives. To do this, the number of solar vectors that affect the facade of the houses is calculated, taking into account their geometry and that of the obstacles (other buildings and / or terrain) depending on the location and on the most unfavorable day. that mark the local regulations. Each vector that reaches the façade is equivalent to one hour of light and there is a minimum number of hours of light depending on the regulations of each site. What our tool does is calculate the volumetry so that all the homes meet that minimum number of hours of light, which is equivalent to the number of vectors it receives.

Generation of territorial volumetric balance. A table with alphanumeric data will be generated: number, location, area, length, relative size, buildability, occupation, footprint, heights, facade surface ... associated with the geometry generated up to this phase: district, sectors, superblocks, blocks, Existing building areas, existing free spaces, levels 1 and 2, equipment levels 1, 2 and 3, border road level 1 and 2, road level 1, 2 and 3, volume of closed, open and exempt blocks .

Generation of sustainable, building and economic indicators (18). All the sustainable, building and economic indicators that have been defined in the section corresponding to the description will be generated.

Generation of cost plan. A cost plan will be generated that reflects the measurements and the budget of the public space system, the road system, the equipment system and the infrastructure system: rainwater collection, water supply, sanitation and electricity supply.

Generation of plans and volumetry. 2d plans will be generated for phases 1. Structural arrangement, 2. Detailed arrangement and 3. Residential typologies, and a 3d volumetric for phase 4. Volumetric optimization.

Generation of data tables. Data tables will be generated for the territorial balance of superblocks, the territorial balance of blocks, the residential territorial balance, the volumetric territorial balance and the cost plan.

Figure 3 shows a graphical representation of the typical orthogonal mesh used in the generation of the base mesh of superblocks and the base mesh of blocks, which is superimposed on the graphical representation of the district. In each case, the size of the cell is modulated by the size of a typical superblock or a typical apple, respectively.

Figure 4 shows a graphic representation of the standardized urban elements that the method of the invention makes use of. In particular, a district (401), a sector (402), a superblock (404), a level 1 and 2 border road system (405), a level 1 road system (406), a road system are represented level 2 (407) and a level 3 road system (408).

Figure 5 shows a graphic representation of the standardized building elements that the method of the invention makes use of, in particular of the residential block typologies, of which an open block (501), a closed block (502) are represented. and an exempt block (503).

Figure 6 shows a graphic representation of the standardized building elements that the method of the invention makes use of, in particular of the combinations of residential block typologies formed by the residential block typologies shown in figure 5.

Figure 7 shows a graphic representation of the types of housing portals as standardized building elements that the method of the invention makes use of, in particular, showing those with 5 modules (A1, A2, A3), with 6 modules (B1 , B2), 7 modules (C1, C2, C3), 10 modules (D1, D2).

Figure 8 shows a graphic representation of the families of functional, environmental and socio-economic indicators.

Figure 9 shows a graphic representation of an example of certification of a management based on the indicators related to land occupation (901), public space and habitability (902), mobility and services (903), to urban complexity (904), green spaces and biodiversity (905), urban metabolism (906) and social cohesion (907), assigning a score to each indicator and obtaining a final grade for certification.

Figure 10 shows a graphical representation of the phases of the equipped residential urban district system, which includes intervention area (1001), structural arrangement (1002), detailed arrangement (1003), allocation of building typologies (1004), volumetric optimization ( 1005) and generation of indicators (1006).

Claims (23)

1. Method of generation, analysis and evaluation of urban residential district ordinances equipped, characterized by understanding the stages of: a) outline the district defining an area of intervention; b) determining on the contour some connection points, the position of which is fixed by a user; c) define a contour of green areas and existing building areas within the district; user defined; d) define a contour of level 1 free spaces and level 1 equipment, defined by the user; e) defining an angle to generate an orthogonal mesh to support the arrangement, set by the user; f) locate a point of origin of the arrangement, drawing parallel and perpendicular to the angle of the mesh through the connection points; and selecting from among some crosses generated between the lines, the one that is closest to the center of masses of the district contour; g) draw some level 1 road axes joining the connection points with the point of origin of the management; h) draw a level 1 road, with a width set by the user, on the axes of the level 1 road that join the connection points with the point of origin; i) generate sectors, defined as areas in which the district is divided when drawing the level 1 road; j) generating a base mesh of superblocks, within the sectors, with a base cell size equivalent to a typical superblock size, set by the user; k) differentiate edge cells of the base mesh of superblocks and interior cells; l) make a sieve per area of the cells of the superblock mesh, establishing a sieve limit equal to a percentage of the area of the base cell of the superblock mesh, set by the user; m) perform a first union of cells of the base mesh of superblocks, in which border cells smaller than the area of the base cell of superblocks are joined to inner cells of larger size on the longest side of all sides common of each cell with neighboring cells; n) perform a second union of cells of the base mesh of superblocks, in which interior cells smaller than the area of the base superblock cell are joined to the cells joined in the previous step on the longest side of all the common sides of each cell with neighboring cells; o) drawing a level 2 road, with a width set by the user, according to lines defined by the cells of the superblock mesh generated after making the first and second union of cells of the superblock base mesh; p) generate superblocks defined as areas in which the sectors are divided when tracing the level 2 road; q) generate a base mesh of apples with a base cell size equivalent to a standard apple size, set by the user; r) perform a union of cells of the base mesh of apples, in which border and interior cells of smaller size than the area of the base cell of apple, defined by the user, are joined to cells of greater size by the longest side of all common sides of each cell with neighboring cells; s) drawing a level 3 road, with a width set by the user, according to lines defined by the cells of the block grid generated after joining the cells of the block base grid; Y t) generate blocks defined as areas into which the superblocks are divided when tracing the level 3 road. Method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of tracing a level 1 edge road, with a width set by the user, on the contour of the district. 3. Method according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of tracing a level 2 edge road, with a width set by the user, on the contour of green areas and existing building areas. 4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of defining at least one area reserved for level 2 open spaces, identifying the block in which it is located, in an automated manner. 5. Method according to claim 4, wherein the user selects the block where the at least one area reserved for level 2 free spaces is located. 6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, where the user selects a block where at least one area reserved for level 2 and 3 equipment is located. 7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of assigning patterns of residential typologies, selected from among closed blocks, open blocks and free blocks, and defining their position, in an automated way. 8. Method according to claim 7, where the user modifies the proportion of the different residential typologies in the arrangement and their location in the residential blocks. 9. Method according to claim 7, further comprising a step of assigning equipment typology patterns and defining their position, at the user's choice. 10. Method according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of generating a volumetric in the arrangement with respect to a few square meters of residential and endowment roof, defined by the user, and with respect to a simulation of hours of sun per home, so that all homes receive a minimum number of hours of light, set by the user. 11. Method according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of generating 2D and / or 3D plans. 12. Method according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a step of generating a cost plan in an automated way, where the user sets some basic parameters and the unit price of each element or set of standardized elements. Method according to any of the preceding claims, which further comprises a step of generating functional, environmental and socio-economic indicators, in an automated way, with calculation formulas already implemented, so that the qualification for designed ordering. Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of generating a table of data of territorial balance of superblocks with alphanumeric data related to the different elements generated up to the stage of generating superblocks. 15. Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of generating a table of data of territorial balance of blocks with alphanumeric data related to different elements generated up to the stage of generating blocks. 16. Method according to any of claims 7 to 9, which further comprises a step of generating a table of data of residential and endowment territorial balance with alphanumeric data related to different elements generated up to the stage of assigning some patterns of equipment typologies and define your position. 17. Method according to claim 10, further comprising a step of generating a volumetric balance data table with alphanumeric data relating to different elements generated up to the step of generating a volumetric. 18. Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a stage of generating planimetry up to the stage of generating superblocks. 19. Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of generating planimetry up to the step of generating apples. 20. Method according to claims 7 to 9, further comprising a step of generating planimetry up to the step of assigning patterns of equipment typologies and defining their position. 21. Method according to claim 10, further comprising a stage of generating planimetry up to the stage of generating a volumetry. Processor characterized in that it is adapted to perform the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 21. 23. Computer program characterized in that it is adapted to perform the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 21.