ES2834962T3 - Spring terminal for cable - Google Patents

Abstract

Spring terminal (1) shaped as a direct insertion terminal, particularly for the connection of stranded cables, which has a. a casing (12) and a contact rail (2) therein arranged for contacting an electrical cable (6) and b. a clamping spring (3) that acts as a pressure spring to clamp the electric cable (6) on the terminal (1), c. the clamping spring (3) presenting a clamping lug (32) that rotates about an axis (8) of rotation in a direction (81) of rotation, d. being able to rotate from a locking position (R), in which it is locked in a support means (41), by moving the electrical cable (6) to a holding position (K), in which it is unlocked from the means (41) of support and presses the electric cable (6) against the contact rail (2), e. the support means (41) being arranged on a support spring (4), characterized in that f. the spring terminal (1) has a sliding sleeve (7) that serves as an auxiliary means to insert the cable, g. The sliding sleeve (7) is inserted into an insertion hole (11) of the casing (12) by sliding a sliding section (71) and h. The sliding sleeve has, in the extension of the sliding section (71), an actuating surface (74) that extends to the support spring (4) and at the end of which it engages directly or in the area of a bridge (75) transverse with the support spring (4).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Spring terminal for cable

The present invention relates to a spring terminal with a contact rail, provided for connecting an electric cable, particularly a stranded cable, as well as a spring, designed to fix an electric cable on the spring terminal.

Various embodiments of spring terminals of this type are already known in a push-in terminal configuration with a pressure spring that presses the cable against the contact rail. They are distinguished, above all, by their use, for example, as a function of the conductivity of the contact rail, the spring force of the terminal spring and / or their installation conditions, particularly their dimensions. In this regard, the typical requirements of these terminals are simplicity in assembly and affordability in manufacture. Document DE 102011 055919 A1 shows a spring terminal with the characteristics a) to c) of claim 1. Document FR 2656 164 A1 describes a spring terminal in a direct insertion terminal configuration, in which the point The clamp can be opened by means of a sliding sleeve that acts directly on a clamping lug of a clamping spring.

Document US 7,997,915 B2 describes a bushing at one end of which a direct insertion terminal is arranged for the non-detachable connection of an electric cable. The direct insertion terminal comprises a conductive clamping cell for electrical contact of the electrical cable and a spring for fixing the electrical cable. The spring has a rotating clamping lug that remains positioned on a supporting edge when the electric cable is not inserted into the direct insertion terminal, in such a way that it leaves a free space to be able to insert the electric cable into the clamping cell. Upon insertion into the direct insertion post, the support means slides in such a way that the clamping pin is released and rotates. The rotated clamping pin presses the electrical cable into the clamping cell. A state of the art of the style is described in DE 102004001 202 A1.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a spring terminal, particularly a stackable spring terminal, particularly for stranded cables, which considerably facilitates the insertion of the fine-wire cable, which are especially flexible.

This object is solved by a spring clamp according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments appear from the sub-claims.

A spring clamp is provided comprising a contact rail for contacting an electrical cable, as well as a clamp spring for clamping the electric cable within the spring clamp, the clamp spring presenting a clamping pin rotatable in one direction. rotation around a rotation axis, which, by sliding the electric cable inserted in the spring terminal, can rotate from a locking position, in which it is locked in a support means, to a clamping position, in the one that is unlocked from the support means and presses the electric cable against the contact rail.

The support means according to the invention is arranged on a support spring that can rotate about a second axis of rotation in and against a second direction of rotation. With the rotation of the support spring, the support means can rotate in such a way that the clamping lug is unlocked.

For this, the support spring preferably has a pressure surface that preferably extends transversely to the sliding direction. It is preferable that, when pressure is exerted on the pressing surface, the support spring rotates in the second direction of rotation.

As the electrical cable inserted into the spring terminal slides in the sliding direction, it comes into contact with the pressing surface. By continuing to slide in the sliding direction, you exert pressure on the pressure surface. Hereby, the support spring rotates in the second direction of rotation in such a way that the clamping lug disengages from the support means and rotates in the direction of rotation.

In principle, a pressure surface can also be viewed at a different angle to the sliding direction. However, the arrangement of the pressure surface transverse to the sliding direction is advantageous due to the large leading surface for the electric cable in such an arrangement. In order to facilitate the freedom of rotation of the clamping lug in and against the direction of rotation, it is preferable that the pressing surface in the sliding direction is arranged below the support means.

According to the invention, the spring terminal also has a sliding sleeve which serves as an auxiliary means for inserting the cable and which considerably facilitates the insertion of those fine-wire cables, which are particularly flexible. In this connection, the sliding sleeve is inserted into an insertion hole of the housing by sliding a sliding section and the sliding sleeve has on the extension of the sliding section an actuating surface that extends to the support spring and is dock in your end to the support spring directly or in the area of a transverse bridge.

According to an advantageous variant, the spring terminal is characterized in that it comprises a return means provided to rotate the clamping lug backwards. The clamping lug can rotate rearwardly from the clamping position to the locking position by sliding the return means against the direction of rotation. As a result, a cable of the spring terminal previously fixed in the clamping position on the spring terminal can be brought back into the locking position.

Preferably, the return means in the clamping position will protrude through a terminal housing of the spring terminal. Thus it is very easily accessible and it is very easy to press it in the sliding direction. In this way, the manipulation of the spring terminal is very simple and equally feasible for both solid cables and stranded cables.

It is further preferable that the return means in the clamping position between the clamping lug and the terminal housing is fixed therein in such a way that it cannot be detached from the terminal housing.

The clamping spring, the contact rail and / or the support spring will preferably be manufactured as a curved part stamped from sheet metal, preferably from strip material, since this can be done economically with conventional processes.

In this regard, the contact rail will preferably be made from a material with good electrical conductivity, particularly from a copper-containing metal. The clamp spring and the support spring will preferably be made from a material with good suspension properties.

The invention will now be described in more detail in conjunction with an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. Shown in:

Figure 1 a, a side view of a spring terminal with a clamping lug in the locked position intended to hold an electric cable inserted in the spring clamp, a sliding sleeve having been provided as an insertion aid for the braided cable;

Figure 1 b, the arrangement of Figure 1 a in a partially transparent representation;

Figure 1c, a section through the arrangement of Figure 1a;

Figure 1d, an exploded view of the arrangement of Figure 1 a;

Figure 1e, a side view of the arrangement of Figure 1a during an opening of the clamping point; Figure 2a, a spring terminal with a clamping lug in the locked position provided for clamping an electric cable inserted in the spring clamp;

Figure 2b, a spring terminal when inserting the electric cable into the spring terminal of Figure 2a, in which the clamping pin is unlocked,

Figure 2c, a clamping pin in clamping position with an electric cable inserted into the spring terminal;

Figure 3, from (a) - (c) an embodiment of a spring terminal according to the invention and, specifically, in (a) with a clamping pin in the clamping position, in (b) when rotating the pin from the clamping position to the interlocked position and in (c) in the interlocked position, as well as in (d) and in (e) the support spring of the spring terminal from (a) - (c), Y

Figure 4, a clamping spring and a support spring of the spring terminal of Figure 1.

Figure 2 shows a spring terminal 1, in this case a stackable terminal, with a contact rail 2 for contacting an electric cable, a clamping spring 3 acting as a pressure spring, intended to hold the cable 6 electrical on spring terminal 1, and with a support spring 4.

The supporting spring 4 has a supporting means 41 arranged in which the holding spring 3 is locked in a locking position R.

The contact rail 2, the clamping spring 3 and the support spring 4 are arranged in a housing 12 of the terminal which, preferably, will be made of an electrically insulating material, particularly a plastic. In the housing 12 of the terminal there is provided an insertion hole 11 for inserting the electrical cable 6.

The illustrated electrical cable 6 has an electrically insulating sheath 62 which is peeled over an open end 63 of the electrical cable 6 in such a way that a wire 61 of the electrical cable 6 is visible.

The clamping spring 3 has a clamping lug 32 which rotates around an axis 8 of rotation in a direction 81 of rotation, as well as a supporting lug 31 with which it is easily and securely held in the housing 12 of the terminal. (particularly plastic) particularly by turning the clamping pin 32. Although in this case a metallic clamping cell is not foreseen, it is a feasible option. Preferably the support leg 32 and the holding leg 32 will be connected to each other by means of a curved shape. An advantageous bearing contour of the terminal housing is attached to this curved shape, which in this case is defined by the axis of rotation 8 and which also serves as a motion limiter.

The clamping lug 32 has an open end 33. In the locking position R, the latter, with its end 33 open, is locked by its own return force with the support means 41. The support spring 4 can rotate about a second axis 9 of rotation in and against a second direction 91 of rotation. As the support spring 4 rotates, it rotates the support means 41 with it due to the return force of the support spring 4. Thereby, the position of the support means 41 is displaced about a second axis of rotation 9 in such a way that the open end 33 of the clamping lug 32 is unlocked.

In order to be able to rotate the support spring 4 in the second direction 91 of rotation, it has a pressure surface 42. The pressing surface 42 is provided transversely to the sliding direction S or the cable insertion direction S. By exerting pressure on the pressing surface 42, the support spring 4 rotates in the second direction 91 of rotation.

Between the clamping spring 3 and the contact rail 2 a free space is formed in which the electric cable 6 can freely slide in and against the sliding direction S with the clamping lug 32 in the locking position R.

By sliding the electric cable 6 inserted in the spring terminal 1 in the sliding direction S inside the housing 11, the open end 63 of the electric cable 6 comes into contact with the pressing surface 42. As it continues to slide in the sliding direction S, it exerts pressure on the pressure surface 42. In this way, the support spring 4 rotates in the second direction 91 of rotation. Hereby, the clamping lug 32 is disengaged from the support means 41 and rotates in the direction 81 of rotation. The depression surface 42 is arranged in the sliding direction S below the support means 41 in such a way that the freedom of rotation of the clamping lug 32 in and against the rotation direction 81 is guaranteed.

The spring terminal 1 further comprises a return means 5. The return means 5 slides in and against the sliding direction S. It is provided for the backward rotation of the clamping lug 32 against the direction 81 of rotation. In this regard, the clamping lug 32 can rotate backwardly from the clamping position K to the locking position R by sliding the return means 5 against the sliding direction S, in such a way that its open end 33 returns to interlock with the support means 41. Subsequently, an electric cable 6 from the spring terminal 1 previously fixed in the clamping position K on the spring terminal 1 can be brought back to the latching position R.

In the embodiment shown in this case, the return means 5 in the locking position R is located between the clamping spring 3 and the electric cable 6. In the clamping position K, it is located in the sliding direction S above the clamping pin 32. Therefore, the return means 5 acts directly on the clamping lug 32 when the clamping lug 32 which is in the clamping position K slides in the sliding direction 5, in such a way that the sliding movement necessary for the return of the clamping pin 32 is small.

It can be seen that the return means 5 in clamping position K protrudes through a housing 12 of the terminal of the spring terminal 1. Thus it is very easily accessible and is very easy to press in the sliding S direction. For actuation, the return means has an actuation groove that facilitates actuation with a tool, such as a screwdriver. Furthermore, the return means 5 in the clamping position K between the clamping lug 32 and the terminal housing 12 is fixed therein in such a way that it cannot be disengaged from the terminal housing 12.

Figure 2 (a) shows the clamping spring 3 in the locking position R of the clamping lug 32. The electrical cable 6 is still located outside the spring terminal 1. It can be seen that the open end of the clamping lug is locked in the support means, which in this case forms an edge. The free space 13 between the contact rail 2 and the clamping lug 32 can also be clearly seen.

In Figure 2 (b) the electric cable 6 is inserted into the spring terminal 1 and exerts pressure on the pressing surface 42 of the support spring 4. The sliding of the support means 41 can be observed, by means of which the open end 33 of the clamping lug 32 is disengaged from the support means 41.

Figure 2 (c) shows the electric cable 6 clamped in the spring terminal 1. The clamping lug 32 rotates in the sliding direction 81 about the rotation axis 8 and its open end 33 presses the wire 61 of the electric cable 6 against the contact rail 2. Likewise, it can also be seen that the clamping lug 32 presses the return means 5 when rotating in the rotation direction 81 against the sliding direction S. In this way, the return means 5 slides against the sliding direction S in such a way that it protrudes from the terminal housing 12 and is easily accessible.

The clamping lug 32 also has an angle 321 with respect to the sliding direction S. It is feasible to define it in such a way that the return means 5 in clamping position K is pressed against the housing 12 of the terminal and hold in a self-locking manner.

The electrical cable 6 can be disengaged as soon as the return means 5 slides in the sliding direction S from its clamping position K until the open end 33 of the clamping lug 32 re-engages with the support means 41 in the interlock position R.

The object of Figure 2, to which extensive reference is made, is supplemented in Figures 1 (ae) advantageously with a sliding sleeve 7 that serves as an auxiliary means of insertion for the cable 6. This sliding sleeve 7 is particularly advantageous in the case of using very fine threads or sets 61 of threads or braids.

The sliding sleeve 7 is inserted into the insertion hole 11 of the housing 12 by sliding a sliding section 71. Both the sliding sleeve 7 and the insertion hole 11 have corresponding contours for sliding in this region so that the sliding sleeve 7 can be easily slid with a sliding section within the insertion hole 11.

According to a preferred but not mandatory configuration, the sliding contours may have corresponding rectangular cross sections, for example square (see Figure 1d), but also others, such as for example cylindrical cross sections.

The sliding sleeve 7 also has its own through hole 72 into which the stripped electric cable 6 can be inserted at its end. The through hole 72 is narrowed in such a way that, in the case of cables 6 of a suitable diameter, whose insulation is (a little) larger than the diameter of the through hole 72 in the narrowed section, in the inserted position only the assembly 62 of wires, and not the insulation or the sheath 61, may protrude through the sliding sleeve 7 in the sliding direction S. With the cable in the inserted position, the sheath 61 lies rather over the narrowed area 73 in the sliding direction and thus, as the cable 6 continues to advance in the sliding direction S, it can move the sliding sleeve in the S direction Sliding.

The sliding sleeve also has, in the extension of the sliding section 71, an actuation surface 74 in the form of a catwalk that extends to the support spring 4 and at the end of which it engages directly or in the area of a transverse bridge 75 with the support spring 4. In this case, said coupling is made in such a way that one end of the support spring fits into a groove 76 of the actuating surface 74, in this case of the transverse bridge 75. The other end of the support spring 4 with the support means is preferably fixed in a groove in the housing 12. The support spring 4 can thus move in the sliding direction S at its end engaged with the actuating surface 74.

This arrangement works as described below.

As the stripped end of the cable is inserted, the insulation 61 rests on the narrowed area 73. In this position, the set of threads or set of braids 62 protrudes through the sliding sleeve 7 in the sliding direction or in the direction where the contact is to be made. As the cable 6 continues to be inserted, the sheath or insulator 61 presses the insulating sleeve 7b further in the sliding direction S. Thus, the support spring 4 coupled with the actuating surface 71 moves so that, at the end, when the cable 6 is sufficiently inserted, the clamping spring 3 is released with the sliding sleeve 7 so that it can relax and come into contact. with the wires of the cable.

The opening of the clamping point can be carried out in a similar way to Figure 2 with a return means 5. This opening is represented in Figure 1 (e).

The insertion hole 61 will have a step as a stop for the sliding means in the sliding direction S, to delimit the maximum sliding stroke.

The spring terminals 1 of Figures 3-4 differ from the spring terminal 1 of Figure 1 particularly and inter alia by the configuration of the support spring 104. No sliding sleeve is shown in this embodiment, although it could be added. Each of the spring terminals of Figures 3-4 can therefore be provided with a sliding sleeve which will preferably be configured in the style of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a spring terminal 101, in this case a stackable terminal, with a contact rail 102 for contacting an electric cable, a clamping spring 103 acting as a pressure spring, intended to hold the cable at the spring terminal 101, and with a support spring 104. As already indicated, the complementary sliding sleeve is not shown.

The supporting spring 104 has a supporting means 141 arranged in which the holding spring 103 is locked in a locking position R.

The contact rail 102, the clamping spring 103 and the support spring 104 are housed in a terminal housing in the style of Figure 2, of which in Figure 3 only a base structure, which is not shown in Figure 3 and that it will preferably be made of a material that isolates electricity, particularly a plastic. An insertion hole is provided in the terminal housing 12 for inserting the electrical cable. For more details on the corresponding embodiments, refer to Figure 2.

The clamping spring 103 has a clamping lug 132 which rotates around an axis 108 of rotation in a direction 181 of rotation, as well as a supporting lug 131 with which, when the clamping lug 132 rotates, it rests so simple and safe in a metal clamping cell which, in this case, is configured in a single piece together with the contact rail 10. Preferably, the support lug 131 and the clamping lug 132 will be attached to each other by means of a curved shape 130. An advantageous bearing contour of the terminal housing 112 is attached to this curved shape 130, which in this case is defined by the axis 108 of rotation and which also serves as a movement limiter (see Figure 2).

The clamping lug 132 has an open end 133. In the locking position R, it, with its open end 133, is locked by its own return force with the support means 141.

The spring terminal 101 further comprises a return means 105. The return means 105 slides in and against the sliding direction 107. It is provided for backward rotation of the clamping lug 132 against the direction 181 of rotation. In this regard, the clamping lug 132 can rotate rearwardly from the clamping position K to the locking position R by sliding the return means 105 against the rotational direction 107, such that its open end 133 returns to interlock with the support means 141. Subsequently, an electrical cable 106 from the spring terminal 101 previously fixed in the clamping position K on the spring terminal 101 can be brought back to the latching position R.

In the embodiment shown in this case, the return means 105 in the locking position R is located between the clamping spring 103 and the electric cable. In the clamping position K, it is located in the sliding direction 107 above the clamping lug 132. Therefore, the return means 105 acts directly on the clamping lug 132 when the clamping lug 132 which is in the clamping position K slides in the sliding direction 107, in such a way that the sliding movement necessary for the return of the clamping pin 132 is small.

Again, it is advantageous that the return means 105 in the clamping position K protrudes through a housing 112 of the terminal of the spring terminal 11. Thus it is very easily accessible and it is very easy to press it in the sliding direction 107. For its actuation, the return means has an actuation groove 151 that facilitates actuation with a tool, such as a screwdriver, for example. Furthermore, the return means 105 in the clamping position K between the clamping lug 132 and the terminal housing is fixed therein in such a way that it cannot be disengaged from the terminal housing.

In (a) the clamping position K of the spring terminal 101 with the cable 106 not inserted is shown. It can be seen that in this embodiment of the spring post 101 with the lead 106 without inserting the open end 133 of the clamping lug 103 rests on a locking projection 121 of the contact rail 102. The contact rail 102 of this embodiment is part of a clamping cell 120 that, for example, is bent in a U-shape.

When the cable 106 is not inserted into the spring terminal 101, the return means 105 in clamping position K is moved further with the aid of the clamping lug 132 against the sliding direction 107 so that it is easily accessible.

The support spring 104 of Figures 3 and 4 has a support leg 140. Said support leg 140 extends transversely to the sliding direction 107. It is fixed or, in any case, attached to the base structure or to a part of the clamping cell or to another part. Rotatable leg 143 is coupled to support leg 140. However, unlike the embodiment of Figure 1, in this case the support leg 140 and the rotary leg 143 are connected to each other by means of an arc 401 and the rotary leg is approximately L-shaped. , the support leg 140 and the rotatable leg 143 are at an acute angle 192 to each other and form a u-shaped unit (viewed from the side).

In this embodiment, the rotatable lug 143 also has a pressure surface 142 attached. Furthermore, in this case the support means 141 is also arranged on the rotatable lug 143 so that it is positioned in front of the pressing surface 142 in the sliding direction 107. The support means has been developed in a particularly advantageous way with respect to the state of the art of Figure 1.

The support means 141 is formed by a locking edge that is arranged on a support fin 410 formed laterally on the rotatable lug 143. Alternatively one of said support fins 410 may also be provided on either side of the rotatable leg 143.

Figure 3 (b) shows the spring post 101 during rotation of the clamping lug 132 from the clamping position K against the first direction 181 of rotation to the latching position R. It can be seen that the open end 133 of the clamping means 132 bears against the support means 141 and thus the support spring 104 it exerts pressure in the sliding direction 107. Thus, the rotatable lug 143 and bearing surface 142 rotate about the second axis 109 of rotation in the second direction 191 of rotation. In this way, the support spring 104 moves in the second direction 191 of rotation and the clamping lug 132 can slide behind the locking edge 141.

With the return rotation of the rotatable lug 143, the clamping lug 132 is locked behind the locking edge 141. The spring-loaded terminal 101 is thus placed in the interlocking position R. This is shown in Figure 3 (c). The rotation of the support spring 104 is depicted in Figure 3 (d).

The geometry of this embodiment of the support spring 104 performs a self-locking function such that the clamping spring 103 is securely held by the support means 141 of the support spring 104 even under conditions of strong vibrations. Preferably, a locking edge 410 'also has an angle Alpha, preferably more than 0 °, preferably more than ° and less than 45 °, at one or more support fins 410 of the support means with respect to the direction of cable insertion or to the sliding direction 107.

Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the support spring 104 with a similarly self-locking geometry. Also in this case, the support spring 104 has a rotatable lug 143 approximately L-shaped with laterally arranged support fins 410. However, in this case the support leg 140 extends transversely to the pressing surface 142 and against the sliding direction 107. The support leg 140 is attached to the support leg 131 of the clamping spring 103, for example, by means of a screw or rivet 134.

Claims (12)

1. Spring terminal (1) formed as a direct insertion terminal, particularly for the connection of stranded cables, presenting to. a casing (12) and a contact rail (2) therein arranged for contacting an electrical cable (6) and b. a clamping spring (3) that acts as a pressure spring to clamp the electric cable (6) on the terminal (1), c. the clamping spring (3) presenting a clamping lug (32) that rotates about a rotational axis (8) in a rotational direction (81), d. being able to rotate from a locking position (R), in which it is locked in a support means (41), by moving the electrical cable (6) to a holding position (K), in which it is unlocked from the means (41) of support and presses the electric cable (6) against the contact rail (2), e. the support means (41) being arranged on a support spring (4), characterized by what F. the spring terminal (1) has a sliding sleeve (7) that serves as an auxiliary means to insert the cable, g. The sliding sleeve (7) is inserted into an insertion hole (11) of the casing (12) by sliding a sliding section (71) and h. The sliding sleeve has in the extension of the sliding section (71) an actuating surface (74) that extends to the support spring (4) and at whose end it is directly coupled or in the area of a bridge (75) transverse with the support spring (4). Spring terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, in addition, a return means (5) is provided for the backward rotation of the clamping lug (32), with which the clamping lug (32) can rotate back from the clamping position (K) to the locking position (R) by sliding the return means (5) against the direction of rotation (81). Spring terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding sleeve (7) has a through hole (72) into which the stripped electrical cable (6) can be inserted at its end and that the hole ( 72) through tapers in the sliding direction (S) in such a way that in the inserted position only the set (62) of wires, and not the insulation or the sheath (61), protrudes through the sliding sleeve (7) in a cable insertion direction or sliding direction (S). Spring terminal (1) according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the return means (5) in the locking position (R) is located between the clamping spring (3) and the cable (6 ) electrical and in or against the direction (S) of sliding. Spring terminal (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the return means (5) in the clamping position (K) between the clamping lug (32) and the housing (12) of the terminal is fixed in this . Spring terminal (1) according to one of the preceding claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the return means (5) can be slid to restore the position of the clamping lug (32) in the direction (S) of glide. Spring terminal (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support spring (4) can rotate around a second axis of rotation (9) in and against a second direction (91) of rotation. Spring terminal (1) according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, when rotating in the direction (81) of rotation, the clamping lug (32) displaces the return means (5) against the direction (S) of sliding. Spring-loaded terminal (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support means (141) is arranged on a rotatable lug (143). Spring-loaded terminal (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the rotatable lug (143) is L-shaped and / or the rotatable lug (143) and a support lug (140) constitute a shaped unit. of u. Spring terminal (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the support lug (140) is fixed to a support lug (131) of the clamping spring (103), preferably by means of a screw of a rivet (134). Spring terminal (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking edge (410 ') has an angle Alpha of more than 0 ° and less than 45 °, at one or more fins (410) of support of the support means (141) with respect to the direction of insertion of the cable or to the direction (107) of sliding.