ES2831548B2 - LIFTING AND LOWERING MECHANISM FOR TRAILERS AND SEMI-TRAILERS - Google Patents

LIFTING AND LOWERING MECHANISM FOR TRAILERS AND SEMI-TRAILERS Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2831548B2
ES2831548B2 ES202130367A ES202130367A ES2831548B2 ES 2831548 B2 ES2831548 B2 ES 2831548B2 ES 202130367 A ES202130367 A ES 202130367A ES 202130367 A ES202130367 A ES 202130367A ES 2831548 B2 ES2831548 B2 ES 2831548B2
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trailers
lifting
semi
front part
frame
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ES2831548A1 (en
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Codony Joan Grau
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Grau Maquinaria i Servei Integral SA
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Grau Maquinaria i Servei Integral SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60PVEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P1/00Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
    • B60P1/02Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with parallel up-and-down movement of load supporting or containing element
    • B60P1/027Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with parallel up-and-down movement of load supporting or containing element with relative displacement of the wheel axles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D53/00Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains
    • B62D53/04Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a vehicle carrying an essential part of the other vehicle's load by having supporting means for the front or rear part of the other vehicle
    • B62D53/06Semi-trailers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D63/00Motor vehicles or trailers not otherwise provided for
    • B62D63/06Trailers

Description

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

MECANISMO DE ELEVACIÓN Y DESCENSO PARA REMOLQUES YLIFTING AND LOWERING MECHANISM FOR TRAILERS AND

SEMIRREMOLQUESSEMI-TRAILERS

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La invención, tal como expresa el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques, aplicable para facilitar el posicionamiento de dichos remolques o semirremolques apoyados directamente en el suelo y de modo que el movimiento entre una posición y otra es un movimiento de desplazamiento vertical que se realiza con el remolque o semirremolque siempre en posición completamente horizontal y sin inclinaciones.The invention, as expressed in the title of this specification, refers to a lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers, applicable to facilitate the positioning of said trailers or semi-trailers resting directly on the ground and so that the movement between one position and another is a vertical displacement movement that is carried out with the trailer or semi-trailer always in a completely horizontal position and without inclinations.

CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNFIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

El campo de aplicación de la presente invención se enmarca dentro del sector de la automoción, centrándose particularmente en el ámbito de la industria dedicada a la fabricación de accesorios y mecanismo para vehículos de transporte, en particular remolques y semirremolques.The field of application of the present invention falls within the automotive sector, focusing particularly on the field of industry dedicated to the manufacture of accessories and mechanisms for transport vehicles, in particular trailers and semi-trailers.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Como es sabido, en el ámbito de los transportes, puede ser necesario depositar las cajas de los remolques y semirremolques apoyados directamente sobre el suelo, una vez que se han desenganchado de la cabeza tractora. Sin embargo, no siempre la carga que llevan permite que esta operación se pueda realizar inclinando primero un extremo de la caja, pues podría contener mercancías susceptibles de deteriorarse en caso de desequilibrio.As is known, in the field of transport, it may be necessary to deposit the boxes of trailers and semi-trailers resting directly on the ground, once they have been unhooked from the tractor unit. However, the load they carry does not always allow this operation to be carried out by tilting one end of the box first, as it could contain merchandise that could be damaged in the event of damage. imbalance.

El objetivo de la presente invención es, pues, el desarrollo de un sistema que, siendo igualmente aplicable para la caja de un remolque, que se acopla a la cabeza tractora mediante enganche a bola, como para la caja de un semirremolque de los que se acopla a la cabeza tractora mediante enganche a quinta rueda o "KINGPIN”, permita efectuar el descenso o el ascenso de la caja desde su posición de uso para acople al enganche a su posición sobre el suelo de modo fácil y totalmente en vertical, sin sufrir inclinaciones durante la operación.The objective of the present invention is, therefore, the development of a system that, being equally applicable to the box of a trailer, which is coupled to the tractor by means of a ball hitch, as for the box of a semi-trailer of which coupled to the tractor unit by means of a fifth-wheel hitch or "KINGPIN", allows the box to be lowered or raised from its position of use to couple the hitch to its position on the ground easily and completely vertically, without suffering inclines during operation.

Por otra parte, y como referencia al estado actual de la técnica, al menos por parte del solicitante, se desconoce la existencia de ningún mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques, ni ninguna otra invención de aplicación similar, que presente unas características técnicas y estructurales iguales o semejantes a las que presenta el que aquí se reivindica.On the other hand, and as a reference to the current state of the art, at least by the applicant, the existence of any lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers, or any other invention of similar application, that has technical characteristics is unknown. and structural equal or similar to those presented by the one claimed here.

EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNEXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

El mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques que la invención propone se configura como la solución idónea al objetivo anteriormente señalado, estando los detalles caracterizadores que lo hacen posible y que lo distinguen convenientemente recogidos en las reivindicaciones finales que acompañan a la presente descripción.The lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers that the invention proposes is configured as the ideal solution for the aforementioned objective, the characterizing details that make it possible and that conveniently distinguish it being included in the final claims that accompany this description.

Concretamente, lo que la invención propone, como se ha apuntado anteriormente, es un mecanismo de elevación y descenso aplicable tanto para remolques como para semirremolques con la finalidad de facilitar el posicionamiento de los mismos apoyados directamente en el suelo, con la ventaja de que, durante el movimiento de desplazamiento entre una posición y otra, no se producen desequilibrios al efectuarse mediante movimiento vertical en que el remolque o semirremolque se mueve en posición completamente horizontal y sin inclinaciones.Specifically, what the invention proposes, as noted above, is a lifting and lowering mechanism applicable to both trailers and semi-trailers in order to facilitate their positioning directly on the ground, with the advantage that, during the displacement movement between a position and another, there are no imbalances when carried out through vertical movement in which the trailer or semi-trailer moves in a completely horizontal position and without inclinations.

Para ello, y más específicamente, el mecanismo objeto de la invención comprende, esencialmente, los siguientes elementos:For this, and more specifically, the mechanism object of the invention essentially comprises the following elements:

- Un eje de ruedas abatible;- A folding wheel axle;

- Un bastidor, en el que se incorpora el enganche convencional para conectar con el vehículo de tracción, el cual será del tipo apto para acople a quinta rueda o "kingpin” en el caso de tratarse de un semirremolque (en adelante SM) o de tipo apto para acoplar a bola en el caso de tratarse de un remolque (en adelante RM), estando el freno de inercia y freno de estacionamiento incorporados en dicho enganche; y- A frame, in which the conventional hitch is incorporated to connect with the traction vehicle, which will be of the type suitable for coupling to the fifth wheel or "kingpin" in the case of a semi-trailer (hereinafter SM) or type suitable for coupling to a ball in the case of a trailer (hereinafter RM), with the inertia brake and parking brake incorporated in said hitch; and

- Unos medios de elevación y descenso propiamente dichos, que van instalados en la parte frontal del RM y SM asociados al antedicho bastidor.- Some lifting and lowering means themselves, which are installed in the front part of the RM and SM associated with the aforementioned frame.

Para su funcionamiento, el conjunto de elementos del mecanismo actúan electro-hidráulicamente y la energía necesaria para su accionamiento, preferentemente, se genera en el vehículo de tracción que sirve para el movimiento y arrastre de los RM y SM, mediante su propia batería y una micro-central electro-hidráulica prevista al efecto. Opcionalmente, si fuera necesario se podrá integrar al sistema una batería adicional.For its operation, the set of elements of the mechanism act electro-hydraulically and the energy necessary for its activation, preferably, is generated in the traction vehicle that serves for the movement and drag of the RM and SM, by means of its own battery and a electro-hydraulic micro-power station provided for this purpose. Optionally, if necessary, an additional battery can be integrated into the system.

Para que los RM y SM se eleven y desciendan de forma vertical sin inclinarse, el mecanismo realiza dos movimientos simultáneos:In order for the RM and SM to rise and fall vertically without tilting, the mechanism performs two simultaneous movements:

- la elevación y descenso del eje abatible, y- lifting and lowering of the folding axle, and

- la elevación y el descenso de la parte frontal del RM y SM a través de unos medios de elevación y descenso incorporados en dicha parte.- raising and lowering the front of the RM and SM through lifting and lowering means incorporated in said part.

De esta manera se consigue que el RM o SM en que se ha instalado el mecanismo de la invención se eleve o descienda perfectamente nivelado, sin sufrir inclinaciones indeseadas.In this way it is achieved that the RM or SM in which the mechanism of the invention has been installed is raised or lowered perfectly level, without suffering unwanted inclinations.

Para ello dicho dos movimientos simultáneos, se realizan mediante un pulsador eléctrico y están controlados por una electro-válvula.To do this, said two simultaneous movements are carried out by means of an electric button and are controlled by an electro-valve.

La elevación del eje abatible se consigue mediante una estructura abatible integrada en el propio eje:The folding axle is raised by means of a folding structure integrated into the axle itself:

Para ello el eje de ruedas abatible, situado en el centro del RM o SM, comprende una estructura que lleva integrados dos cilindros hidráulicos accionados electro-hidráulicamente mediante la antedicha micro-central electro-hidráulica que se alimenta de la batería del vehículo de tracción.For this, the folding wheel axle, located in the center of the RM or SM, comprises a structure that has two integrated hydraulic cylinders activated electro-hydraulically by means of the aforementioned micro-electro-hydraulic power station that is powered by the battery of the traction vehicle.

Dichos cilindros están dispuesto de modo que, al ser actuados, generan un movimiento de torsión en el eje, que hace que las ruedas avancen o retrocedan ligeramente sobre el suelo obligando a subir o bajar al RM o SM permitiendo que la base del RM o SM quede posicionada en el suelo o que el RM o SM suba hacia arriba, para facilitar el desplazamiento viario. Cuando el eje sube hacia arriba, el RM o SM baja y viceversa.Said cylinders are arranged in such a way that, when activated, they generate a torsion movement in the axis, which makes the wheels move forward or backward slightly on the ground, forcing the RM or SM to go up or down, allowing the base of the RM or SM is positioned on the ground or that the RM or SM rises upwards, to facilitate road movement. When the axis goes up, the RM or SM goes down and vice versa.

Por su parte, elevación y descenso de la parte frontal del RM o SM, se consigue mediante unos medios de elevación y descenso, los cuales, en la forma de realización preferida comprenden un cilindro hidráulico situado verticalmente y que, en su parte inferior, está unido solidariamente a un soporte anclado de modo fijo en la parte frontal del RM o SM y que, en su parte superior, está unido solidariamente al bastidor en que se incorpora el enganche que conecta el RM o SM con la cabeza tractora, es decir, con la "quinta rueda” en el caso de los SM o con la bola en el caso de los RM, de tal modo que, al ser actuado este cilindro vertical, determina el desplazamiento de sendas guías laterales previstas al efecto en la parte anterior del RM o SM en las que está insertado el bastidor por ambos lados que se mueven respecto del bastidor, de tal modo que dichas guías laterales se desplazan con un movimiento vertical (el que genera el cilindro), con respecto al lateral del bastidor del enganche, de esta manera, el enganche permanece siempre a la misma altura y lo que sube y baja es el RM o SM.For its part, raising and lowering the front part of the RM or SM is achieved by means of raising and lowering means, which, in the preferred embodiment, comprise a hydraulic cylinder located vertically and which, in its lower part, is integrally attached to a support fixedly anchored in the front part of the RM or SM and which, in its upper part, is integrally attached to the frame in which the hitch that connects the RM or SM with the tractor unit is incorporated, that is, with the "fifth wheel" in the case of the SM or with the ball in the case of the RM, in such a way that, when this vertical cylinder is actuated, it determines the displacement of the two lateral guides provided for this purpose in the front part of the RM or SM in which the frame is inserted on both sides that move with respect to the frame, in such a way that said side guides move with a vertical movement (the one generated by the cylinder), with respect to the side of the hitch frame, in this way In this way, the hitch always remains at the same height and what goes up and down is the RM or SM.

Este cilindro vertical también es de accionamiento electro-hidráulico mediante la micro-central electro-hidráulica que se alimenta de la batería del vehículo de tracción estando controlado para accionarse simultáneamente con los cilindros del eje abatible.This vertical cylinder is also electro-hydraulically actuated by means of the electro-hydraulic micro-central unit that is powered by the traction vehicle's battery and is controlled to be actuated simultaneously with the folding axle cylinders.

Por último, cabe destacar que, para que el remolque o semirremolque pueda subir y bajar de una forma equilibrada, en las mencionadas guías laterales en que se insertan los laterales del bastidor, se ha previsto la existencia de una serie de cojinetes.Finally, it should be noted that, so that the trailer or semi-trailer can rise and fall in a balanced manner, a series of bearings have been provided in the aforementioned lateral guides in which the sides of the frame are inserted.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, un juego de planos en el que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of plans is attached to this description, as an integral part of it, in which for illustrative and non-limiting, the following has been represented:

Las figuras número 1 y 2.- Muestran sendas representaciones esquemáticas en alzado lateral de un ejemplo de remolque y de semirremolque respectivamente, acoplados a la correspondiente cabeza tractora, en los que se ha incorporado el mecanismo objeto de la invención, apreciándose la disposición de las principales partes que comprende;Figures number 1 and 2.- Show respective schematic representations in side elevation of an example of a trailer and a semi-trailer, respectively, coupled to the corresponding head. tractor, in which the mechanism object of the invention has been incorporated, appreciating the arrangement of the main parts that it comprises;

las figuras número 3-A y 3-B.- Muestran sendas vistas esquemáticas de una representación del eje abatible que comprende el mecanismo de la invención representado en posición elevada y bajada respectivamente;Figures number 3-A and 3-B.- Show respective schematic views of a representation of the folding axle comprising the mechanism of the invention represented in the raised and lowered position, respectively;

la figura número 4.- Muestra una vista esquemática en planta superior de un ejemplo del eje abatible que comprende el mecanismo de la invención, apreciándose sus principales partes; yFigure number 4.- Shows a schematic top plan view of an example of the folding axle comprising the mechanism of the invention, showing its main parts; Y

la figura número 5.- Muestra una vista esquemática en alzado frontal de la parte frontal del remolque o semirremolque incluyendo un ejemplo de los medios de elevación y descenso que comprende el mecanismo de la invención en dicha parte frontal, apreciándose las partes y elementos que comprende y su vinculación al enganche.Figure number 5.- Shows a schematic front elevation view of the front part of the trailer or semi-trailer including an example of the lifting and lowering means that the mechanism of the invention comprises in said front part, showing the parts and elements that it comprises and its connection to the hitch.

REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

A la vista de las mencionadas figuras, y de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada, se puede observar en ellas un ejemplo de realización no limitativa del mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques de la invención, el cual comprende lo que se describe en detalle a continuación.In view of the aforementioned figures, and according to the numbering adopted, it can be seen in them a non-limiting example of embodiment of the lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers of the invention, which includes what is described in detail next.

Así, tal como se observa en dichas figuras, el mecanismo de la invención, aplicable, bien para remolque RM (1) o bien para semirremolque SM (1’), de los que se acoplan a un vehículo de tracción (2) mediante un enganche (3), apto para bola o para quinta rueda o "kingpin” respectivamente, comprende, esencialmente: Thus, as can be seen in said figures, the mechanism of the invention, applicable either to an RM trailer (1) or to an SM semi-trailer (1'), of those that are coupled to a traction vehicle (2) by means of a hitch (3), suitable for ball or fifth wheel or "kingpin" respectively, essentially includes:

- al menos, un eje de ruedas abatible (4), incorporado en la zona central del RM o SM (1, 1’), que se puede mover entre una posición elevada y una posición bajada;- at least one folding wheel axle (4), incorporated in the central area of the RM or SM (1, 1'), which can be moved between a raised position and a lowered position;

- un bastidor (5), en que se incorpora el enganche (3) para conectar el RM o SM (1, 1’) con el vehículo de tracción (2);- a frame (5), in which the hitch (3) is incorporated to connect the RM or SM (1, 1') with the traction vehicle (2);

- unos medios de elevación y descenso (6), que se instalan en la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’) asociados al bastidor (5) y a dicha parte frontal (1a) que determina una posición elevada y una posición bajada de dicha parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’) respecto del enganche (3); y- lifting and lowering means (6), which are installed in the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1') associated with the frame (5) and said front part (1a) that determines a raised position and a lowered position of said front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1') with respect to the hook (3); Y

- una micro-central electro-hidráulica (7) que, mediante pulsador eléctrico y electro-válvula a la que están conectados, controla y ejecuta de modo simultaneo los movimientos de elevación y descenso del eje abatible (4) y de los medios de elevación y el descenso (6) de la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’).- an electro-hydraulic micro-control unit (7) which, by means of an electric button and an electro-valve to which they are connected, simultaneously controls and executes the lifting and lowering movements of the folding axle (4) and of the lifting means and the lowering (6) of the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1').

Preferentemente, la energía para el accionamiento electrohidráulico del mecanismo, el se genera en el vehículo de tracción (2) al que se acopla el RM o SM (1, 1’), mediante su propia batería conectado el circuito de la misma con la micro-central electro-hidráulica (7).Preferably, the energy for the electrohydraulic actuation of the mechanism is generated in the traction vehicle (2) to which the RM or SM (1, 1') is coupled, by means of its own battery, connecting the circuit of the same with the micro -electro-hydraulic power station (7).

Opcionalmente, el mecanismo comprende la incorporación de una batería adicional (no representada) para proporcionar energía al accionamiento de sistema.Optionally, the mechanism includes the incorporation of an additional battery (not shown) to provide power to the system drive.

Preferentemente, como se observa en la figura 3 y en la figura 4, el eje de ruedas abatible (4), situado en el centro del RM o SM (1, 1’), comprende una estructura (8) que incorpora dos primeros cilindros hidráulicos (9), que se accionan electro-hidráulicamente mediante la antedicha micro-central electro-hidráulica (7) la cual se alimenta de la batería del vehículo de tracción (2), cuyos cilindros están dispuestos de modo que, al ser actuados, generan un movimiento de torsión en el eje (4) propiamente dicho, que hace que las ruedas (10) avancen o retrocedan ligeramente sobre el suelo obligando y que se eleve o descienda respecto del RM o SM (1, 1’) hasta permitir que la base quede en el suelo o suba hacia arriba.Preferably, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the folding wheel axle (4), located in the center of the RM or SM (1, 1'), comprises a structure (8) that incorporates two first cylinders hydraulic (9), which are activated electro-hydraulically by means of the aforementioned micro-central electro-hydraulic (7) which is powered by the battery of the traction vehicle (2), whose cylinders are arranged so that, when actuated, they generate a twisting movement in the axle (4) itself, which makes the wheels (10) move forward or backward slightly on the ground, forcing it to rise or fall with respect to the RM or SM (1, 1') until allowing the base to remain on the ground or rise upwards.

Por su parte, los medios de elevación y descenso (6) de la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’), de manera preferida, como se aprecia en la figura 5, comprenden un segundo cilindro hidráulico (6), que asimismo también es accionado electro-hidráulicamente mediante la micro-central electrohidráulica (7), el cual, situado verticalmente, en su parte inferior, está unido solidariamente a un soporte (11) anclado de modo fijo en la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’) y, en su parte superior, está unido solidariamente al bastidor (5) en que se incorpora el enganche (3) que conecta el RM o SM (1, 1’) con el vehículo de tracción (2), estando los laterales de dicho bastidor (5) insertados en sendas guías (12) laterales fijadas paralelamente en ambos lados de la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’), tal que, al ser actuado el cilindro (6) vertical, provoca el desplazamiento del RM o SM (1, 1’) por medio de guías (12) laterales respecto al bastidor (5). En otras palabras, cuando se acciona el cilindro (6) vertical, provoca un movimiento vertical de las guías (12) laterales con respecto al bastidor (5) en que se incorpora el enganche (3), de tal manera que el enganche (3) permanece siempre a la misma altura y sube o baja la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’).For its part, the lifting and lowering means (6) of the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1'), preferably, as shown in figure 5, comprise a second hydraulic cylinder (6 ), which is also electro-hydraulically actuated by means of the electro-hydraulic micro-power station (7), which, located vertically, in its lower part, is integrally joined to a support (11) fixedly anchored in the front part (1a ) of the RM or SM (1, 1') and, in its upper part, is integrally joined to the frame (5) in which the hitch (3) is incorporated that connects the RM or SM (1, 1') with the vehicle of traction (2), the sides of said frame (5) being inserted in respective side guides (12) fixed parallel on both sides of the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1'), such that, when When the vertical cylinder (6) is actuated, it causes the displacement of the RM or SM (1, 1') by means of lateral guides (12) with respect to the frame (5). In other words, when the vertical cylinder (6) is activated, it causes a vertical movement of the lateral guides (12) with respect to the frame (5) in which the hitch (3) is incorporated, in such a way that the hitch (3 ) always remains at the same height and raises or lowers the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1').

Preferentemente, en las guías (12) laterales en que se insertan los laterales del bastidor (5) se ha previsto la existencia de una serie de cojinetes (13) para favorecer dicho deslizamiento.Preferably, in the lateral guides (12) in which the sides of the frame (5) are inserted, the existence of a series of bearings (13) has been provided to favor said sliding.

En la realización preferida, el cilindro (6) vertical está protegido por una carcasa (14) compuesta por dos piezas telescópicas que lo cubren frontalmente.In the preferred embodiment, the vertical cylinder (6) is protected by a casing (14) made up of two telescopic pieces that cover it from the front.

Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, no se considera necesario hacer más extensa su explicación para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda su alcance y las ventajas que de ella se derivan. Having sufficiently described the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands its scope and the advantages derived from it.

Claims (6)

REIVINDICACIONES 1.- Mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques que, aplicable, bien para remolque RM (1) o bien para semirremolque SM (1’), acoplables a un vehículo de tracción (2) mediante un enganche (3), que comprende:1.- Raising and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers that, applicable, either for RM trailer (1) or for SM semi-trailer (1'), coupled to a traction vehicle (2) by means of a hitch (3), which understands: - al menos, un eje de ruedas abatible (4), que se puede mover entre una posición elevada y una posición bajada;- at least one folding wheel axle (4), which can be moved between a raised position and a lowered position; - un bastidor (5), en que se incorpora el enganche (3) para conectar el RM o SM (1, 1’) con el vehículo de tracción (2);- a frame (5), in which the hitch (3) is incorporated to connect the RM or SM (1, 1') with the traction vehicle (2); caracterizado por que comprende ademáscharacterized in that it further comprises - unos medios de elevación y descenso (6), instalados en la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’) asociados al bastidor (5) y a dicha parte frontal (1a) y que determina una posición elevada y una posición bajada de dicha parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’) respecto del enganche (3); y- lifting and lowering means (6), installed on the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1') associated with the frame (5) and said front part (1a) and which determines a raised position and a lowered position of said front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1') with respect to the hook (3); Y - una micro-central electro-hidráulica (7) que controla y ejecuta de modo simultáneo los movimientos de elevación y descenso del eje abatible (4) y de los medios de elevación y el descenso (6) de la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’)- an electro-hydraulic micro-central unit (7) that simultaneously controls and executes the lifting and lowering movements of the folding axle (4) and of the lifting and lowering means (6) of the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1') y por queand because los medios de elevación y descenso (6) de la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’) comprenden un segundo cilindro hidráulico (6) situado verticalmente que, en su parte inferior, está unido solidariamente a un soporte (11) anclado en la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’) y que, en su parte superior, está unido solidariamente al bastidor (5) en que se incorpora el enganche (3) que conecta el RM o SM (1, 1’) con el vehículo de tracción (2), estando los laterales del bastidor (5) insertados en sendas guías (12) laterales fijadas paralelamente en ambos lados de la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’), tal que, al ser actuado el segundo cilindro hidráulico (6) vertical, provoca el desplazamiento vertical de la parte frontal (1a) del RM o SM (1, 1’) respecto al bastidor (5) por medio de las guías (12) laterales.the lifting and lowering means (6) of the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1') comprise a second hydraulic cylinder (6) located vertically which, in its lower part, is joined integrally to a support ( 11) anchored in the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1') and that, in its upper part, is integrally joined to the frame (5) in which the hitch (3) that connects the RM or SM (1, 1') with the traction vehicle (2), the sides of the frame (5) being inserted in respective side guides (12) fixed parallel on both sides of the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1'), such that, when the second vertical hydraulic cylinder (6) is actuated, it causes the vertical displacement of the front part (1a) of the RM or SM (1, 1') with respect to the frame (5) by means of the lateral guides (12). 2. - Mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por comprender un pulsador eléctrico y una electro-válvula conectados a la micro-central electrohidráulica (7).2. - Lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers, according to claim 1, characterized by comprising an electric button and an electro-valve connected to the electro-hydraulic micro-central (7). 3. - Mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por estar conectado al circuito de la propia batería del vehículo de tracción (2) para generar la energía para el accionamiento electrohidráulico.3. - Lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers, according to claim 1, characterized by being connected to the circuit of the traction vehicle's own battery (2) to generate energy for the electrohydraulic drive. 4. - Mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por comprender una batería adicional para proporcionar energía para su accionamiento.4. - Lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers, according to claim 1, characterized by comprising an additional battery to provide power for its drive. 5. - Mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por que el eje de ruedas abatible (4) comprende una estructura (8) con dos primeros cilindros hidráulicos (9) tal que, al ser actuados, generan un movimiento de torsión en dicho eje (4) que hace que las ruedas (10) avancen o retrocedan y que se eleve o descienda respecto del RM o SM (1, 1’).5. - Lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers, according to claim 1, characterized in that the folding wheel axle (4) comprises a structure (8) with two first hydraulic cylinders (9) such that, when actuated, they generate a torsion movement in said axis (4) that causes the wheels (10) to move forward or backward and to rise or fall with respect to the RM or SM (1, 1'). 6.- Mecanismo de elevación y descenso para remolques y semirremolques, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado por que en las guías (12) laterales en que se insertan los laterales del bastidor (5) se dispone una serie de cojinetes (13). 6.- Lifting and lowering mechanism for trailers and semi-trailers, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lateral guides (12) in which the sides of the frame (5) are inserted, a series of bearings (13) are arranged.
ES202130367A 2021-04-26 2021-04-26 LIFTING AND LOWERING MECHANISM FOR TRAILERS AND SEMI-TRAILERS Active ES2831548B2 (en)

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US3633776A (en) * 1970-02-02 1972-01-11 Dan W Moore Hydraulically controlled flatbed trailer
JPH02124336A (en) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-11 Ootec Japan:Kk Elevating/sinking device for rear body of car
CA2668791A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-13 Harold James Ryan Trailer apparatus including adjustable wheel assemblies
US7918465B2 (en) * 2008-09-16 2011-04-05 Metzger Donald C Adjustable height trailer
US20110008139A1 (en) * 2009-06-14 2011-01-13 Kenneth Edwards Hey Trailer for watercraft and watercraft lifts

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