ES2788400T3 - Cover part of a metallurgical melting vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

Cover part (3) of a metallurgical melting vessel (1) for covering an opening (6) of a cavity (4) of a ladle part (2) of the metallurgical melting vessel (1), the cover part presenting (3) a collar part (26) that can penetrate into the cavity (4) of the ladle part (2) to reduce the danger of a wolf formation in the metallurgical melting vessel (1), characterized because the fixing elements serve for the arrangement of the collar part (26), which are arranged so that it protrudes perpendicularly from the cover part (3) downwards into the collar part (26) and can be adjusted in length, preferably length-adjustable chains.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Cover part of a metallurgical melting vessel

The invention relates, on the one hand, to a cover part of a metallurgical melting vessel for covering an opening of a cavity of a ladle part of the metallurgical melting vessel.

Generic metallurgical melting vessels with a ladle part to accommodate a metallic melt and with a cover part to cover the ladle part or a cavity configured by the ladle part are already known from the state of the art, such as for example by document US 4,526,353 A. In the case of a metallurgical melting vessel of this type, in the upper marginal zone of the ladle part, more precisely said in its opening of the cavity to accommodate the metallic melt , there is often the problem of the formation of wolves. In other words, parts of the metallic melt generally flow, for example in the form of splashes, from the hot lower zone of the ladle part to the generally cooler marginal zone of the ladle part, these parts of the mass harden melted metal there more easily and baked there later like wolf formation.

This often leads to the cover part and the ladle part being fired with each other intensively so that a removal of the cover part from the ladle part is only very difficult or negligible damage does not occur. . Often times, a more intense wolf formation leads to a far-reaching or irreversible destruction in particular of the deck part, so it has to be completely replaced. In the case of recycling capacity, however, the metallurgical container must be freed from the formation of wolves and must be cleaned with effort. This not only ties the staff, but is also time consuming.

In order to better protect the metallurgical melt vessel against the negative consequences of a looping, a splash guard is generally provided in the upper marginal area in the design of reinforcing elements consisting of a sealing paste. In particular, by means of this additional sealant, the danger of direct baking of the cover part with the ladle part can be reduced. However, these reinforcing elements have to be applied, on the one hand, first with a great effort of personnel and, on the other hand, removed together with the formation of wolves later additionally from the metallurgical melting vessel, whereby the Cleaning effort can even be increased yet.

The invention according to independent claim 1 is based on the object of improving generic cover parts of metallurgical melting vessels as well as corresponding metallurgical melting vessels in such a way that at least the above-mentioned disadvantages can be overcome.

The object of the invention is solved, on the one hand, by a cover part of a metallurgical melting vessel for covering an opening of a cavity of a ladle part of the metallurgical melting vessel, according to the invention presenting the part of covers a collar portion that projects into the cavity of the ladle portion to reduce the danger of wolf formation in the metallurgical melt vessel.

By means of this collar part which extends into the cavity, it is not only constructively very easy to prevent the cover part and the ladle part from being critically baked together due to the solidified metal melt. . Rather, here the danger of a wolf formation itself can be significantly reduced, whereby subsequent cleaning work is ideally completely omitted both as regards the deck part and as regards the spoon part.

A preferred embodiment variant provides that the collar part is designed in such a way that it projects beyond a contact surface of the spoon part configured on the underside of the cover part in such a way that the collar part, when the part cover is correctly positioned over the ladle part, it goes into the cavity of the ladle part. In this sense, the upper marginal region of the ladle part can be protected in particular by foamy and / or splashing parts of the metallic melt, whereby the danger of the formation of wolves can be reduced there to a minimum.

The contact surface of the ladle part is preferably formed by the lower cover edge of the cover part.

It is understood that a good reduction in the formation of wolves can already be achieved by means of a collar part that extends into the interior of the cavity.

In this sense, the length of the collar part is selected in such a way that it is arranged above the metallic melt and is immersed in it.

In a particularly safe manner in operation, critical puffing can be avoided when the collar portion projects more than 200 mm, preferably more than 500 mm, beyond the underside of the cover portion.

The object of the invention is also solved by a metallurgical melting vessel with a ladle part comprising a cavity to house a metallic melt and with a cover part to cover an opening of this cavity, in which the cavity is limited by a wall of the ladle part at least in part, according to the invention the metallurgical melting vessel having a splash protection device that reaches into the cavity with a collar part, which is arranged, when the cover part is correctly positioned on the ladle part, at least partly radially on the inside next to an inner wall side of the wall.

If the collar part is arranged at least in areas on the inside radially to the side of the inner wall side of the wall of the ladle part, in particular the transition area between the ladle part and the cover part is especially protected well against metallic melt splashing around.

The wall of the ladle part consists, for example, of a refractory masonry. Either this wall is coated with respect to its inner wall side with a refractory spatter paste or something similar to protect the metallurgical melting vessel in the area of direct contact between metallic melt and ladle part against a heat load too high.

Furthermore, wolf formations in a lance element guided by the cover portion from outside to inside or the like can also be significantly reduced to blow process gases onto or into the metal melt or ideally can be almost completely avoided.

In particular, the metallurgical melt pot can be used excellently in gas blowing processes.

At this point it should be noted that, as regards the following advantageous designs, it is assumed that the cover cap is correctly positioned on the ladle portion.

It is advantageous for the collar part to extend more than 1/6 or more than 1/4 of the inner wall lateral height of a wall of the ladle part to the inside of the cavity of the ladle part, since in this sense a metal melt baking can easily be prevented in the transition zone between the ladle part and the cover part.

Critical looping can be almost completely excluded when the collar portion projects more than 200mm, preferably more than 500mm, into the cavity of the ladle portion.

It is especially expedient if the collar part is arranged spaced from an inner wall side of the wall of the spoon part, such that between an outer collar part side of the collar part and an inner wall side of the wall is configured an intermediate space. Heated gas can flow into this interspace, so that even the uppermost or furthest marginal zone from the metallic melt of the ladle portion can be well heated.

In this sense, a particularly preferred embodiment variant provides that the collar part has an external diameter of the collar part that is smaller compared to an internal diameter of the cavity such that between an external side of the collar part and a side An inner wall of a wall of the ladle part is provided a gas convection space.

If the collar part has a sufficiently smaller outer diameter of the collar part compared to the internal diameter of the cavity, good gas convection between the collar part and the wall of the ladle part can always be achieved, therefore the upper marginal region of the ladle part and the collar part can be heated especially uniformly.

It is understood that the distance between the collar part and the inner wall side of the ladle part may be selected differently.

A sufficiently large dimensioned gas convection space between the collar part and the inner wall side of the ladle part can be ensured when the collar part is distanced from an inner wall side of a ladle part wall at more than 100 mm, preferably more than 200 mm.

If the collar part is spaced from an inner wall side of a ladle part wall by less than 400 mm, preferably less than 300 mm, it can always be easily prevented that splashing parts or the like of the metallic melt from reaching up to the upper marginal zone of the ladle part.

In a constructionally simple way, the collar part can be integrated into the metallurgical melting vessel when the collar part is designed in the shape of a cylinder and is arranged in particular concentrically around the central axis of the cover part or of the metallurgical melting vessel.

Preferably, the collar part is arranged concentrically around a lance element, such as for example around an oxygen lance element or the like, so that it can not only be excellently avoided, or at least greatly reduced Significantly, a formation of wolves on the spoon and deck part, but also a formation of wolves in the area of the lance element.

It is understood that the splash protection equipment or the collar portion may be designed differently from the construction point of view in the metallurgical melt vessel.

In a particularly simple way from the construction point of view, the splash guard or the collar part can be realized in the metallurgical melting vessel when the collar part is firmly arranged on the cover part.

In this case it is possible to fix the collar part firmly, but detachably, to the cover part. Such fixing of the collar part to the cover part is effected via one or more fixing elements, which are arranged on the collar part so that they project perpendicularly from the cover part downwards. These fasteners are designed to be adjustable in length, or in an alternative embodiment, the fasteners can be exchanged for fasteners of another length.

Also, an embodiment of the cover part is preferred in which the fastening elements are composed of chains that are preferably adjustable in length. In this sense, it is guaranteed that the collar part, depending on the need and / or the process conduction, enters the metallurgical vessel in an optimal way and to an optimal extent.

Preferably, however, the collar part is configured in one piece with the cover part.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the collar part itself is not configured as a single piece, but consists of more than one, in particular preferably three or four, elements of the collar part, preferably in the same way , which together form a collar portion that essentially surrounds the entire perimeter of the cover portion. It is further preferred that a small gap remains between these collar part elements in the assembled state, preferably a gap with a dimension of more than 5 mm, preferably more than 10 mm, in order to thus absorb in particular thermal expansions of the elements. of individual collar portions, further preferably different thermal expansions beyond the perimeter of the collar portion.

Also, it may be preferred that the collar part elements are positioned in the cover part in such a way that a pivotal movement of the collar part elements relative to each other is enabled. In this sense, it can be achieved that, along the height of the collar part, caking or wolf formations of different degrees can be easily compensated by pivoting the neck part elements apart.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the collar part is not concentrically positioned on the cover part, but eccentrically to enable effects originating asymmetrically during operation of the metallurgical vessel to be counteracted. on the collar part. In particular when, in a blowing process, the reaction and / or stirring gases are not introduced through a centrally and perpendicularly arranged lance, but through a lance displaced laterally and / or obliquely into the cavity. , there is an irregular or at least asymmetric bath movement inside the cavity, as well as an asymmetric reaction behavior of the bath surface, finally also of the slag that is on the bath surface or in relation to the splashes that emerge from the bathing surface. These asymmetric influences can be counteracted by means of an eccentrically directed disposed collar part with particularly simple means.

The collar part can also have different wall thicknesses around the entire perimeter to counteract influences acting in particular asymmetrically from the process guide. In cases where a greater heat effect and / or stronger wolf formation is expected, it may be preferable to provide a stronger embodiment of the collar part, for example a wall of the neck part by 10, preferably 20% thicker compared to the lower wall thickness of the neck part. Particularly preferred in this context will be an embodiment in which one or more segments of a collar part segmented along the perimeter of the collar part have a different wall thickness than the other segments of the collar part.

At this point, it should be reiterated that the uniform heating of the collar part and the upper marginal zone prevents the formation of wolves both on the outside and on the inside of the collar part and between the inner side wall of the collar part. spoon and the outer side of the collar part.

In this sense, the preliminary work and subsequent work on the metallurgical melting vessel are considerably reduced in terms of applying a sealing paste, cleaning the cover part and the part of spoon, etc., whereby a time saving of at least 30 min and more can be achieved.

Furthermore, here advantageously a reduction of the free edge of the ladle part is also possible, for example both for VD operation (vacuum degassing) and for VOD operation (vacuum oxygen decarburization). .

Other features, effects, and advantages of the present invention are explained by the accompanying drawing and the following description, in which a metallurgical melting vessel is shown and described by way of example with a collar portion attached to a shell portion of the vessel. of melting and entering into a ladle portion of the melting vessel.

In the drawings they show:

Figure 1 schematically a first longitudinal sectional view of a metallurgical melting vessel with a ladle part and a cover part raised from there comprising a collar part that can project into the ladle part and

Figure 2 schematically a further longitudinal sectional view of the metallurgical melting vessel shown in Figure 1 with the collar portion projecting into the ladle portion.

The metallurgical melting vessel 1 used in Figures 1 and 2 is essentially composed of a ladle 9 and a cover part 3, the ladle 9 being arranged within a tank 10.

In this exemplary embodiment, the metallurgical melting vessel 1 is by way of example a component of an installation v Od not shown in this case, however, the use of the metallurgical melting vessel 1 is not limited to a VOD installation of this kind.

The metallurgical melting vessel 1 serves to generate a metallic melt (not shown), which is located in a cavity 4 of the ladle 9. The cavity 4 is accessible on the upper side 5 of the ladle part through an opening 6, this opening 6 being limited by an upper marginal zone 7 of the ladle 9.

The installation 2 has a ladle 9 with a refractory wall 8, which in turn can withstand the extremely high temperatures of the metallic melt. The ladle 9 is arranged inside a tank 10.

The wall 8 has an inner wall side 11 which is directed towards the cavity 4. The inner wall side 11 here has an inner wall side height 12, which extends from the inner side 13 of the base area 14 from the ladle part 2 to a contact surface 15 for the cover part 3 in the upper edge region 7 of the ladle part 2.

Furthermore, the cavity 4 has another internal diameter of the cavity 16, which in this embodiment is constant from the base zone 14 to the upper marginal zone 7.

The cover part 3 serves to close the ladle part 2 or its cavity 4 and is therefore positioned from above on the upper marginal area 7 of the ladle part 2 or on the contact surface 15 provided there.

According to the invention, the metallurgical melting vessel 1 has splash protection equipment 25, which in this embodiment is made as a collar part 26 configured in the cover part 3 and which projects into the cavity 4 of spoon part 2.

By means of this collar part 26 arranged on the side 27, directed towards the ladle part 2, of the cover part 3 the danger of a formation of wolves in the upper region of the ladle and in particular in a transition zone 28 between ladle part 2 and cover part 3, if not at least significantly reduced compared to the state of the art.

The collar part 26 is designed in this case in the shape of a cylinder in the cover part 3 and in this case extends in a circular manner and concentrically around the central axis 29 of the cover part 3 and also of the metallurgical melting vessel 1 .

The collar part 26 projects in this case about 600 mm beyond the underside 20 of the cover part 3, so that when the cover part 3 is correctly mounted on the ladle part 2 it projects into the interior of the cavity 4 and, therefore, protects the transition zone 28 well from the spatial point of view with respect to the metallic melt.

In this case, the collar part 26 formed by the cover part 3 lies radially more inwardly next to the inner wall side 11 of the wall 8 of the ladle part 2.

In this regard, the collar portion 26 projects at approximately 1/6 or more of the inner wall lateral height 12 from the wall 8 of the ladle part 2 into the cavity 4 of this ladle part 2, whereby in particular the upper marginal zone 7 of the ladle part 2 on the inner wall side 11 is well protected against splashing of the metallic melt.

As can be easily seen in particular from the representation according to Figure 2, between an outer side of the collar part 30 of the collar part 26 and the inner wall side 11 of the wall 8 there is an intermediate space 31 , into which hot gases (in this case not numbered) can rise from the cavity 4, so that also the upper marginal area 7 of the ladle part 2 can be quickly and safely heated as soon as to operation in such a way that parts splashed there within the metallic melt cannot be cooled there, but instead flow or drip back into the molten bath. In particular in this regard, the formation of wolves in the upper marginal zone 7 can be particularly effectively prevented.

A gas convection space 32 of effective action in this respect is designed in the metallurgical melting vessel 1, since the collar part 26 has an outer diameter of the collar part 33 (see Figure 2), which is smaller in Compared with an inner diameter of the cavity 16 such that between an outer side of the collar part 30 and the inner wall side 11 of the ladle part 2, the gas convection space 32 is formulated.

Furthermore, it is ensured by the gas convection space 32 that in particular the upper edge area 7 of the ladle part 2, on the one hand, and also the collar part 26, on the other hand, can be heated particularly uniformly, so that a solidification of metallic melt can be well prevented there to a critical extent.

In this case, the collar part 26 is arranged along its perimeter constantly by more than 200 mm, preferably 275 mm, spaced from the inner wall side 11 of the spoon part 2. Also, however, as It was already mentioned at the beginning, in the case of an eccentric arrangement a variable distance can be set around the perimeter, preferably 200-400 mm.

By uniformly heating the collar part 26 and the upper marginal zone 7, a formation of wolves is prevented both on the outside and on the inside of the collar part 26, as well as between the inner side wall 11 and the collar 26.

Centrically through the cover part 3, another lance element 34 can be guided for blowing oxygen, which enters into the collar part 26, the collar part 26 concentrically surrounding this lance element 34.

It is understood that the case of the exemplary embodiment explained above is only a first design of the cover part according to the invention or of the corresponding metallurgical melting vessel. In this sense, the design of the invention is not limited to this first embodiment.

All the characteristics disclosed in the application documents are claimed as essential to the invention, provided they are novel with respect to the state of the art individually or in combination.

List of references

1 metallurgical melting vessel

2 installation

3 part cover

4 cavity

5 top side

6 aperture

7 upper marginal zone

8 wall

9 spoon

10 deposit

11 inner wall side

12 inner wall side height

13 inner side

14 base zone

15 contact surface

16 bore bore

20 bottom side

21 bucket part contact surface

25 splash protection equipment

26 part of necklace

directed side of the roof part transition zone

central axis

outer side of collar part interspace

gas convection space outer diameter of collar part lance element

Claims (13)

1. Cover part (3) of a metallurgical melting vessel (1) to cover an opening (6) of a cavity (4) of a ladle part (2) of the metallurgical melting vessel (1), the part presenting cover (3) a collar part (26) that can be pushed into the cavity (4) of the ladle part (2) to reduce the danger of a wolf formation in the metallurgical melting vessel (1) , characterized in that the fastening elements serve for the arrangement of the collar part (26), which are arranged in such a way that it protrudes perpendicularly from the cover part (3) downwards into the collar part (26) and can adjustable in length, preferably adjustable in length chains. Cover part (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the collar part (26) is designed such that it projects beyond a contact surface of the spoon part (21) configured on the underside (20 ) of the cover part (3) in such a way that the collar part (26), when the cover part (3) is correctly positioned on the ladle part (2), enters into the interior of the cavity of the spoon part. Cover part (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that the collar part (26) projects more than 200 mm, preferably more than 500 mm, beyond the underside (20) of the cover part ( 3). Cover part (3) according to one of Claims 1-3, characterized in that the collar part (26) is arranged on the cover part (3) in such a way that the distance between the upper side of the part cover (3) and the end of the collar part (26) away from the upper side is variable. 5. Metallurgical melting vessel (1) with a ladle part (2) comprising a cavity (4) for accommodating a metallic melt and with a cover part (3) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metallurgical melting vessel (1) has splash protection equipment (25) that reaches inside the cavity (4) with a collar part (26), which is arranged, when the cover part (3) is correctly positioned on the ladle part (2,) at least partially radially on the inside next to an inner wall side (11) of the wall (8). 6. Metallurgical melting vessel (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the collar part (26) is arranged eccentrically with respect to the cavity (4). 7. Cover part (3) or metallurgical melting vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collar part (26) projects more than 1/6 or more than 1/4 of the Inner wall lateral height (12) from a wall (8) of the ladle part (2) to the interior of the cavity (4) of the ladle part (2). 8. Cover part (3) or metallurgical melting vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collar part (26) projects more than 200 mm, preferably more than 500 mm, to the inside from the cavity (4) of the ladle part (2). Cover part (3) or metallurgical melting vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collar part (26) is arranged at a distance from an inner wall side (11) of a wall (8) of the spoon part (2) such that between an outer side of the collar part (30) of the collar part (26) and an inner wall side (11) of the wall (8) is configured an intermediate space (31). 10. Cover part (3) or metallurgical melting vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collar part (26) has an outer diameter of the collar part (33), which is smaller in comparison with a cavity inner diameter (16) such that between an outer side of the collar part (30) and an inner wall side (11) of a wall (8) of the ladle part (2) is arranged a gas convection space (32). Cover part (3) or metallurgical melting vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collar part (26) is arranged at a distance from an inner wall side (11) of a wall (8) of the ladle portion (2) by more than 100 mm, preferably by more than 200 mm. 12. Cover part (3) or metallurgical melting vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collar part (26) is spaced from an inner wall side (11) from a wall (8) of the ladle portion (2) by less than 400 mm, preferably by less than 300 mm. Cover part (3) or metallurgical melting vessel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collar part (26) is designed in the shape of a cylinder and is arranged in particular concentrically around the axis center (29) of the cover part (3) or of the metallurgical melting vessel (1).