ES2775349A1 - PROCEDURE AND PART FOR WELDING (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Welding procedure, between a metal substrate (1) with a through opening (2) and a female or male element to be welded (3) aligned with the opening (2), with a separation (5) between both, which comprises deforming the contour (7) of the draft (2), producing a projection in the direction of the joint surface of the element to be welded (3), of a height equal to or less than the gap (5). The piece for welding comprises a metal substrate (1) with the through opening (2), the outline (7) of which is highlighted on the fixing surface of the welding element (3). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Procedure and part for welding

TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention refers to a process and to a welding piece, especially for resistance welding of nuts and other elements, threaded or not, to sheet metal plates or the like, but also for other types of welds that can generate projected residues or separated from the effective welding line.

It is applicable in the field of design and assembly of machinery, for example, vehicle bodies and industrial tools, and welding of metal parts in general.

STATE OF THE ART

In the resistance welding process, and other methods, it is necessary that one of the pieces to be welded has protrusions that will melt to produce adhesion. However, welding projections are frequently generated when the protrusions or material of the other part to be welded melts. In other cases, during the creation of the weld bead, material may also skip.

If an element to be welded, such as a nut or a male element, such as a screw, is being welded to a sheet metal, gauge or other type of metal substrate, it is possible that the projections end up in the passage of the element to be welded or on the surface (threaded or not) of the male element, remaining adhered. If it is a nut, the thread loses its function and the screw that is going to be threaded on the nut cannot reach its position, because it is obstructed by the projection. If it were a male element, a similar effect would be produced when placing a nut. If the intended screw is self-tapping, the threading torque varies. If the element to be welded is a cylindrical spacer, the element or stem housed inside the spacer cannot be inserted into it.

Therefore, these projections generate defects that have to be corrected, causing the need to check each individual weld and perform an additional cleaning operation.

The applicant does not know of any procedure or part that prevents the formation of these defects.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The invention consists of a method and a part for welding according to the claims.

The method of the invention comprises welding a part with a metallic substrate (which can correspond to the entire part) to an element to be welded. The metal substrate has a through hole, which is aligned with the element to be welded. It will be aligned with the passage of the element to be welded if it is female, or the element to be welded male will go through the cut-out. In any case, the invention is intended for those cases in which there is a distance or separation between the element to be welded and the substrate. The invention comprises deforming the outline of the cut-out, preferably over the entire surface, producing a projection in the direction of the surface of the substrate where the element to be welded is joined. The shoulder formed by the outline will have a height equal to or less than the gap.

Often times, for resistance welding, the gap is generated by protrusions on the element to be welded or on the metal substrate. In other cases, it will be caused by irregularities in the piece to be welded, washers or other reasons.

When such protrusions exist, it is preferable that the deformed contour has a radius greater than or equal to the radius circumscribed to the protrusions (for clarification, the smaller radius of the contour corresponds to the cutwork). In this way, the contour will serve to center the element to be welded.

The invention also corresponds to the piece for welding, which comprises a metal substrate with a through hole. This metal substrate is configured for the welding of an element to be welded aligned with the cut-out and comprises a contour of the cut-out highlighted on the fixing surface of the element to be welded, and oriented towards the location area of the element to be welded.

Generally, the outline will be shaped like a conical ramp centered on the cutwork.

More variants will be discussed in other points of the memory.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the invention, the following figures are included.

Figure 1.- represents a side view of an example metallic substrate and female element to be welded, according to the state of the art.

Figure 2.- represents a side view of a first embodiment, applied to the previous situation.

Figure 3.- shows a second embodiment, with a contour with a larger radius.

Figure 4.- represents a side view of an example metallic substrate and male element to be welded, according to the state of the art.

Figure 5.- represents a side view of a third embodiment, applied to the male element to be welded.

Figure 6.- shows a fourth embodiment example, with a contour with a greater radius than in figure 5.

MODES OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Next, an embodiment of the invention will be briefly described, as an illustrative and non-limiting example thereof.

Figures 1 and 4 show a metal substrate (1) prepared for the welding operation, according to the state of the art. It has a draft (2) through. A nut, screw, stem or other type of element to be welded (3) is aligned with the cut-out (2) so that the passage of the element to be welded (3) can be accessed in a diaphanous way, when it is female, or the male element to be welded (3) can pass through the cut-out (2). It can be seen how the protrusions (4) force the metal substrate (1) to be separated from the element to weld (3), leaving a gap (5) through which the projections (6) can access the passage of the element to be welded (3) female or male thread, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to check the weld and remove the projections (6). This operation takes time and if not done correctly. it is the source of manufacturing defects.

Figures 2 and 3 show two embodiments that solve this problem. They also comprise the metal substrate (1) and the female element to be welded (3) aligned with the cut-out (2). The shape of the cut-out (2) is not relevant, as long as it allows access to the passage of the female element to be welded (3). It will generally be round, although it can take other shapes.

It can be seen that the contour (7) of the cut-out (2) is deformed, forming a slope that closes the gap (5) between the element to be welded (3) and the metal substrate (1). The dimensions of the deformed contour (7) (greater radius and slope) will be variable, provided that the height does not exceed the dimension of the gap (5). In particular, the angle may even be orthogonal, although it is the least preferred solution because it is more complicated to manufacture.

It can be seen in Figures 2 and 3 that the realization of the ramp or slope leaves a hollow space between the contour (7) and the element to be welded (3) that can serve as a deposit for any eventual projection (6) that moves towards inside the gap (5). Therefore, the projection (6) cannot go anywhere else where it affects the quality of the weld.

Preferably, the largest radius of the contour (7) will be similar to the useful radius of the element to be welded (3), circumscribed to the protrusions (4), so that it serves as a centering device prior to welding (Figure 3).

Figures 4 to 6 show a second family of embodiments, in which a male element to be welded (3) is welded to the metal substrate (1). The embodiments are very similar to those discussed above, so they do not require further explanation.

Therefore, the welding method of the invention comprises generating a metal substrate (1) with the desired shape, depending on whether it is a bodywork part or any other machine or product, generating an openwork (2) with a contour (7) highlighted, with a radius greater than or equal to the radius of the element to be welded (3) to be welded, align the pitch eemeno to dream with the caa o and proceed to so a ura. These steps will be repeated for each joint of the element to be welded (3) and the metal substrate (1), generally producing all the openwork (2) and contours (7) highlighted in a single operation, or in two consecutive ones, before proceeding to the welder.

The highlighted contours (7) can be made in multiple ways, for example, by punching.

Claims (1)

1- Welding procedure, between a metal substrate (1) with a through hole (2) and an element to be welded (3) aligned with the hole (2), with a gap (5) between them, which includes aligning the element to weld (3) with the cut-out (2) and carry out the welding, characterized in that it comprises previously deforming the contour (7) of the cut-out (2), producing a projection in the direction of the joining surface of the element to be welded (3) , with a height equal to or less than the separation (5). 2- Welding method, according to claim 1, whose separation (5) is generated by protrusions (4) on the element to be welded (3) or the metal substrate (1) and the welding is by resistance. 3- Welding method according to claim 2, whose contour (7) has a greater radius equal to the radius circumscribed to the protrusions (4). 4- Piece for welding, applicable in the method of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a metal substrate (1) with a through hole (2), configured for welding an element to be welded (3) aligned with the hole ( 2), and comprising a contour (7) of the cut-out (2) highlighted on the fixing surface of the element to be welded (3). 5- Piece for welding, according to claim 4, whose contour (7) has a conical shape centered on the cut-out (2).