ES2748882A1 - PROCEDURE FOR TREATMENT OF LIQUIDS THROUGH COMBINED PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROCESS OF PHASE CHANGE AND REACTOR TO CARRY OUT SUCH PROCEDURE (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for the treatment of liquids by means of a combined physical-chemical phase change process and reactor to carry out said procedure, of organic polyelectrolyte, by mixing the liquid with coagulants (C) and/or flucolants (F) comprising: a phase, in reactor chamber (2) (1), which combines injection of ozone (O) into the liquid (L) under pressure and the mixture of gas and organic polyelectrolyte in the liquid by stirring. The reactor (1) comprises, at least, a homogenization and phase change chamber (2) to which pressurized pumping means (3) of the liquid to be treated are connected, an ozone gas injection valve (4) with Venturi system, an inlet (5) of coagulating (C) and/or fluctuating (E) products for the organic polyelectrolyte process, and an outlet (6) of the treated liquid. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

PROCEDURE FOR TREATMENT OF LIQUIDS THROUGH THE PROCESS

PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF PHASE CHANGE AND REACTOR TO TAKE

CAPE SAID PROCEDURE

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a procedure for treating liquids by means of a combined physical-chemical phase change process and to a reactor to carry out said procedure, contributing to the function they provide advantages and novelty characteristics, which are described in detail below, which represent an improved alternative to the current state of the art.

More specifically, the object of the invention focuses on a procedure and reactor to carry it out in which physical and chemical processes are combined that produce an extraordinary formation of foams that effect a removal of more than 90% of the solids, in suspension and dissolved in the water, in such a way that a phase separation occurs in the initial liquid to be treated, which allows its subsequent clarification. Essentially, said processes include the injection of ozone under pressure, by means of the Venturi system, into the liquid to be treated, which is circulated by means of pumping under pressure and in which, in turn, organic polyelectrolytes are mixed.

FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

The field of application of the present invention is framed within the sector of the industry dedicated to the treatment of liquids and residual waters for the separation of solids and their clarification, at the same time encompassing the field of manufacturing facilities for this purpose.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Traditionally, organic polyelectrolytes are used for the flocculation and coagulation of the elements present in the water in order to clarify them, in which they have an important action. These flocs have a certain buoyancy and cohesion that determine the suitability of each polyelectrolyte to each system, depending on its effect on the liquid to be treated and the percentage of solids it separates from it.

Currently, these separations are carried out by dissolving coagulants (aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium oxide, ferric chloride, etc.) in the water in such a way that they destabilize the colloidal particles present in the water, neutralizing their electrostatic charges, causing these particles to bond together.

After them flocculants are added, of which there are three types: anionic, cationic and neutral; within them there are inorganic and organic, such as silica or polyelectrolytes, such as: polyacrylamides, partially or fully hydrolyzed polyacrylamides, polyvinylamines, polylethylenimines, etc., and whose function is to agglomerate these destabilized particles, microflocs, in groups of greater size, flocs and that tend to settle at the bottom of the settlers, containers built for this purpose.

In some cases, a part of the flocs thus formed tend to rise and become floats which are also separated from the water by means of float separators.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a method to improve the currently known systems, which expands the separation capacity of solids, facilitates their separation and improves the clarification obtained from water.

As a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, at least on the part of the applicant, the existence of any other procedure or reactor that has technical, structural and constitutive characteristics equal or similar to those presented here is unknown. claim.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The procedure for the treatment of liquids by means of a combined physical-chemical phase change process and the reactor to carry out said procedure that the invention proposes are configured, therefore, as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since according to its implementation and exhaustively, the aforementioned objectives are satisfactorily achieved, being the characterizing details that make it possible and that distinguish them conveniently included in the final claims that accompany the present description.

More specifically, what the invention proposes, as previously stated, is a procedure and a reactor to carry it out in which physical and chemical processes are combined that produce an extraordinary formation of foams that effect a removal of more than 90% of the solids, in suspension and dissolved in the water, in such a way that a phase separation occurs in the initial liquid to be treated, which allows its subsequent clarification.

For this purpose, said procedure comprises, on the one hand, the application of two combined chemical processes inside the reactor, an advanced oxidation process with ozone that is injected into the liquid to be treated, together with an organic polyelectrolyte process, a process that is already known , as explained in the background section and which may be variable in terms of the type and proportion of coagulant and / or fluctuating agent used, being determined by the composition and nature of the liquid to be treated in each case.

In addition, both processes are applied by means of respective physical processes: pressure injection by the Venturi system, the injection of ozone gas, and mixing and homogenization of said gas and of the coagulant and / or fluctuating agent in the liquid by stirring it under pressure. , in such a way that the combination of all these chemical and physical processes in the dissolved and suspended solids of the liquid to be treated, cause the formation of foams, which contain them. This phase change allows an easy separation between them and the water.

For its part, to carry out the described procedure, the reactor of the invention essentially comprises a pressure pump for the circulation of the liquid inside a homogenization and phase change chamber, "venturi" type injectors for the ozone injection and its integration into the mixture and polyelectrolyte inlets for mixing and homogenizing them within the liquid in said chamber, allowing the emulsion of the mixture in such a way that highly cohesive foams are formed and that integrate the vast majority of the substances present in the liquid to be treated, simplifying in a very important way their removal and therefore the adequacy of the water. Its combination with an advanced oxidation process with ozone still allows greater effectiveness in the system and the presence of microbubbles in the gas gives greater stability to the mixture, increasing the cohesion of the foams and preventing their redissolution, greatly facilitating the separation and developing synergies that increase the effectiveness of both systems separately.

It should be noted that the foam formation process takes place in a matter of a couple of seconds, which is the transit time of the liquid to be treated inside the reactor, so it could be said that it is instantaneous.

Likewise, it is important to point out the advantage of the non-existent need for a stirrer or any other moving part inside the reactor chamber, since the homogenization of the mixture and its agitation is produced by the play of flow rates or pressures that cause the pressure pump and the Venturi system injectors. This is an advantage given that, to a greater or lesser degree, these elements, in addition to complicating and making the manufacture of the reactor more expensive and requiring drive means and an energy source to operate them, always involve elements that may suffer eventual failures or breakdowns. requiring a maintenance fee. Despite this, however, its incorporation is not a limitation either.

On the other hand, it should be mentioned that the mixture of the treated effluent with the clarified liquid and the foams that leave the reactor are led to a separation tank provided for this purpose in the treatment plant, although this is no longer part of the present invention , but where slowly (between 10 minutes and an hour) a total separation occurs between the foams and the liquid medium.

In said separation tank, the foams that float in the liquid are collected from the upper part, while the clarified water is collected from the lower part and, normally, it is sent back to the reactor to repeat the process, so that, little by little, it treats all the liquid until the almost total clarification of it is obtained.

Furthermore, the part that may remain cloudy, after a first passage through the reactor, can be re-treated in the same way in a second separation reactor with the same system and is thus already transparent.

In other words, the liquid to be treated can be passed through the physical-chemical phase change reactor the number of times it is convenient to do so until obtaining the desired amount of foams or the degree of turbidity in the water desired.

The foams are continuously extracted in the separator tank after the reactor and the water becomes clearer the closer to the bottom or base of said tank and it becomes cloudy as it rises. As the water is extracted from the bottom, clean water is always extracted and the foam always rises upwards from where it is removed to be stored for the final treatment you want to give them.

The procedure for the treatment of liquids by means of a combined physical-chemical phase change process and the reactor to carry out said procedure described represent an innovation of structural and constitutive characteristics unknown until now, reasons that together with its practical utility, provide them with a foundation enough to obtain the exclusive privilege requested.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present descriptive memory, as an integral part thereof, is accompanied by a set of plans in which, by way of illustration and non-limiting the following has been represented:

Figure number 1.- Shows, in a flow diagram, the main phases of the process for treating liquids by means of a combined physical-chemical phase change process object of the invention.

Figure number 2.- Shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the reactor object of the invention to carry out the procedure for the treatment of liquids represented in figure 1, appreciating the main parts and elements it comprises.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the aforementioned figures, and according to the numbering adopted, a non-limiting embodiment of the process for treating liquids by means of a combined physical-chemical phase change process of the invention and the reactor for carry out said procedure, which includes the parts and elements indicated and described in detail below.

Thus, as can be seen in the diagram of Figure 1, the liquid treatment process proposed by the invention comprises, at least, one phase in which, within the chamber (2) of a reactor (1), it is combined the injection of ozone gas (O) in the liquid to be treated (L), to cause advanced oxidation of the same, with a conventional organic polyelectrolyte process, by mixing said liquid with coagulants (C) and / or fluctuating agents (F ), of a variable type and quantity as appropriate, said injection of ozone being made under pressure by the Venturi system and the mixture to achieve homogenization of the gas and the organic polyelectrolyte in the liquid by stirring by means of pressure pumping (3) of the liquid at treat (L) inside the chamber (2).

And, in figure 2 it can be seen how, in order to carry out said process, said reactor (1) comprises, at least, a homogenization and phase change chamber (2) to which pressurized pumping means are connected ( 3) the liquid to be treated, an ozone gas injection valve (4) with Venturi system, an inlet (5) of coagulating (C) and / or fluctuating products (F) for the organic polyelectrolyte process, and an outlet (6 ) of the treated liquid, optionally also considering a secondary inlet (7) for the addition of other products.

Furthermore, in said figure 2 it is observed how, preferably, the liquid to be treated is incorporated into the chamber (2) fed from a line (8) that connects with the pressure pumping means (3) and with a pipe (9) entrance to the chamber (2) into which the Ozone gas injection valve (4) with Venturi system is incorporated.

Once the nature of the present invention has been described, as well as the way to put it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages derived from it, stating that: within its essentiality, it may be put into practice in other forms of embodiment that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and which will also achieve the protection that is provided provided that its fundamental principle is not altered, changed or modified .

Claims (4)

1. - PROCEDURE FOR TREATMENT OF LIQUIDS THROUGH A COMBINED PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROCESS OF PHASE CHANGE that, contemplating an organic polyelectrolyte process, by mixing said liquid with coagulants (C) and / or fluctuating agents (F) of variable type and quantity as appropriate, it is characterized by comprising at least one phase in which, within the chamber (2) of a reactor (1), the injection of ozone gas (O) in the liquid to be treated (L) is combined, to causing an advanced oxidation thereof, with the aforementioned organic polyelectrolyte process, said injection of ozone being made under pressure by the Venturi system and the mixture to achieve homogenization of the gas and the organic polyelectrolyte in the liquid by stirring by means of pressure pumping 3) of the liquid to be treated (L) inside the chamber (2). 2. - REACTOR to carry out a procedure for the treatment of liquids by means of a combined physical-chemical phase change process such as that described in Figure 1, characterized by comprising at least one homogenization and phase change chamber (2) to which pressurized pumping means (3) of the liquid to be treated are connected, an injection valve (4) for ozone gas with Venturi system, an inlet (5) for coagulating (C) and / or fluctuating products (F ) for the organic polyelectrolyte process, and an outlet (6) of the treated liquid, 3. - REACTOR, according to claim 2, characterized in that also the chamber (2) comprises a secondary entrance (7) for the addition of other products. 4. - REACTOR, according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises a line (8), from which the liquid to be treated is incorporated into the chamber (2), which connects to the pressurized pumping means (3) and with an inlet pipe (9) to the chamber (2) in which an ozone gas injection valve (4) with a Venturi system is incorporated.