ES2748183A1 - CEMENT INJECTION PRINTER AND CONSTRUCTION TREATMENT PERSONALIZATION METHOD (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Cement injection printer and construction treatment customization method. It is a process that allows the personalization of the treatments (tile, floor tile ...); so that the client contributes the images that he wishes to see on the walls, floors or facades. The process allows the production to be fully automatic without any difference with the current processes that reproduce preset designs chosen in the catalog and at the same price as these. The cement injection printer consists of a circular circuit formed by a circular or polygonal frame that will rotate in the horizontal plane, in which 14 molds will preferably be placed, and 14 elements that will act on them, these elements will include drop addition means or strokes for the creation of the image, being recommended the addition of a background layer, as well as an intermediate layer, as well as the addition of the reverse, with means of pressing and detaching, printing of identifiers and extraction (IE), as well as cleaning means (L). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

D E S C R I P C I Ó N

CEMENT INJECTION PRINTER AND PERSONALIZATION METHOD OF

CONSTRUCTION TREATMENTS

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention refers to a machine for the production of pressed cement coatings for the construction of buildings, swimming pools, public works, etc., to cover floors, walls, ceilings and facades.

Another object of the invention is a method of personalizing treatments for construction, applicable to the printer of the invention, as well as the production of other types of coatings, such as tiles, floor tiles, plastic and metal parts, glass or any other material to cover floors, walls and facades.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known machinery for the production of tiles based on presses, hydraulic or other, which allows the manufacture of one tile at a time. The product has traditionally been called “hydraulic tile” since this type of press has replaced the previous, more rudimentary technology presses (“balls ...”) and is the result of pressing, in a mold, a layer of cement white with mineral dyes or gray cement; kneading with water and marble powder (exposed side), on which one or two layers of gray cement with mixed marble or sand powder are deposited but without adding water (reverse).

The product has a top face (exposed face) that can be smooth or with reliefs ("matacán") and of various types of coloration:

• Various shades of gray,

• Varied colors, monochrome or with geometric, mottled or abstract drawings,

The underside is similar in color and texture to formwork cement.

Automatic or semi-automatic machinery for the production of terrazzo is also known, as well as semi-automatic machines for the production of smooth hydraulic tiles (monochrome and without drawing) but without incidence on the market.

In any of these cases, the ability to personalize the products obtained is minimal, with the limitations that this implies.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The recommended cement injection printer solves the aforementioned problems in a fully satisfactory way, making it possible to include personalized images in the construction treatment production chain, so that it does not imply a price increase compared to the treatments chosen from the catalog.

This means that if a client wants to put a personalized photograph, obtained by him, for example on the wall of his kitchen or on the floor of his dining room, this is possible without altering the Industrial processes, with which the price will be the same and, consequently, it will be affordable for any client.

For this, and more specifically, the printer of the invention is embodied in an automatic machine, controlled by a computer or by a dedicated processor.

The printer includes one or more device controller cards: For general synchronization, for the control and maintenance of materials in the mixing boilers and for the control of adding material to the injectors and the movement of these with the positioning carriages. The technology to be used in these controller cards may be of the “wired” type or it may also be implemented by means of programmable microprocessor cards. The tasks for these cards are similar to those for controlling inkjet printers.

The final product is the so-called “hydraulic tile” produced completely automatically, which can reproduce designs or photographs in electronic format stored in a memory, which can be contributed by the industry itself or by the client, obtained with digital cameras, mobile phones, design apps etc.

For the correct understanding, it must be added that the image in electronic format can be reproduced once or several times on each tile or it can be divided, like the pieces of a mosaic, between the tiles intended to cover a surface; Reconstruction of the entire image will occur once all of them have been put in place.

The manufacturing process includes the drying of the pieces and their subsequent immersion in a water tank (or instead, irrigation), to finish the hardening of the cement. This thread is not included in this description as it is the same, more or less automated, as in traditional production.

After the production process, you can proceed to polishing without abrasives, you can opt for textile, synthetic or natural materials or another procedure, but this process is optional to give the product a shine that, in any case, will acquire over time as the surface is trodden or cleaned with mops, chamois, pressurized water etc .; On this point, it should be noted that contaminating chemicals, such as legumes, are not necessary for cleaning.

The design will be modular, based on the interface strategy that allows the substitution of one module for another: For being improved, of different technology or for failure of the original.

The operation of pressure systems will require the inclusion of non-return valves, potentially of various technologies.

The pressing and raising / lowering systems of the base and lid of the mold can be implanted with hydraulic, pneumatic technology ...

The driving elements can be implanted by means of electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motors.

The injectors can be similar to those used in the packaging industry or implement other solutions, for example, based on heating fluids. The type of implementation of the injectors will affect the final resolution of the image that you want to give to the product, understood as more or less "pixelated",

The movement of the carriages, both for the cement injectors and for the ink injectors of the identifier printing element, can be carried out by means of a pulley and a fixed connection cable, by a toothed belt or by another procedure.

White cement, marble powder, and mineral colorants may need to be ground to get a fine enough grain depending on the type of injector.

Material dispensers for the back of the part can be implanted with a simple trolley of horizontal displacement and take advantage of the force of gravity, or also with air pressure systems, centrifugal or mixed systems.

The exact positioning of the frame and the base of the mold may require the inclusion of stops, travel anchors and position detectors of the "limit switch" type of mechanical, optical technology, etc.

The details of the type of technology, for example pneumatic or hydraulic, should be determined at the time of construction according to technological and budgetary availability.

A minimum of 8 colors is recommended for a better adaptation to electronic formats and for being a well-proven option in other technologies, although it is not an essential requirement. Another factor to consider is the diversity of available mineral dyes.

According to this recommendation, the machine will be a circular circuit formed by a circular or polygonal frame that will rotate in the horizontal plane, in which 14 molds will preferably be placed, and 14 elements that will act on them, these elements will include means for adding drops or strokes for the creation of the image, being recommended the addition of a bottom layer, as well as an intermediate layer, as well as the addition of the reverse, with means of pressing and peeling, printing of identifiers and extraction, as well as cleaning means.

It should be clarified that the number of molds may vary but it is recommended a number of molds equal to the number of actuating elements, to avoid idle components. To facilitate the description, the number 14 will be assumed.

The frame with the molds will be made with the following architecture:

The architecture of the rotational frame can be implanted in a similar way to what has traditionally been done in machines for the production of terrazzo or for its previous polishing before being delivered.

The frame must allow horizontal mounting of the 14 molds on top. In the lower part, the 14 pressure / rotation actuators of the mold base will be mounted. It can be implemented using profiles and plates made of metal, steel or alternative materials that provide similar benefits.

In order to avoid unwanted vibrations, it will be preferable to join the frame to a central axis of rotation, for example, by means of tie rods or blades, avoiding its movement on rails or guides fixed to the ground.

For structural simplicity and in order to improve mechanical and energy stress, the location of the motor element on the outside of the frame assembly is desirable, by means of a pulley on the motor and a crown on the frame and toothed or friction tangential contact ; except where the frame axis matches that of the motor with technology for precise angle rotation. The belt drive, being possible, is not advisable for adding unnecessary complications.

In both cases, the position of each mold must be precisely set to:

the correct operation of the injectors that will discharge drops or strokes on the base of the mold and,

of the pressing and detaching element that will require the exact positioning of both the lid and the base of the mold.

Each mold will consist of a frame and a base, with a single cover for all of them mounted on the upper pressing element.

The frame, made of steel or other material with sufficient mechanical characteristics, will be mounted horizontally on the frame and will have a geometric shape. For example, the figures: square, rectangle, triangle and hexagon, allow to cover a surface in a simple way without leaving gaps. The upper inner edge of the frame may be slightly beveled to facilitate insertion of the cover.

In order for the frame to fit more precisely to the base of the mold, an architecture can be chosen in which it will be open, at least, by one of its angles; in the case of the circle, it is convenient to cut at the point opposite to that of joining the frame and the beveling of the faces thus generated. The opening will be closed with sufficient force with pressure devices of any type (including bolt adjustment) that will act on the two ends to be joined so that the frame conforms to the base of the mold.

In any case, the frame must be joined to the frame at least by one point, angle or side. You can also choose elastic spring or other fasteners.

The base will be a plate with the necessary mechanical features, of the shape and dimensions of the interior of the frame and will be polished on its upper face. The thickness may vary depending on the material used and its horizontal dimensions, but approximately 2 or 3 centimeters are expected. On its lower face it will be attached, in a horizontal position, to a lifting and a rotational mechanism, but in such a way that (the base) can be lifted to the vertical position to extract the piece.

The lifting mechanism will be attached at its bottom to the base of the frame and will exert half of the pressing pressure through the base of the mold, balancing itself with the upper pressure mechanism (12 ° actuation element) that will exert pressure through the cover. The movement of the 2 pressure elements (lower and upper) will place the base at the appropriate height for each of the 5 phases of operation of the mold:

1 Adding materials (elements 1 to 11).

2 Pressing (element 12 °).

3 Peeling off (element 12 °).

4 Printing of part identifiers (element 13 °).

5 Extraction (element 13 °).

6 Cleaning (element 14 °).

The base rotation mechanism will only work in the detachment phase, making one or several slight base rotations in the horizontal plane to eliminate the suction cup effect, finally it will rotate to leave the base in the initial position ready to fit again in the frame. To ensure the correct position of the base with respect to the frame, stops and travel anchors can be used. This mechanism could only be dispensed with if there was no adhesion of the pressed cement piece to the base of the mold, but, in general, only the rubber bases prevent adhesion but produce a coarser finish on the top of the piece.

It is possible, depending mainly on the dimensions of the tile, that it is necessary to add an extension crown to the surface of the mold base during the peeling phase. This crown will have the same geometric shape as the base of the mold on its inner face and will fit with it to prolong its surface. On its outer face, the circular shape and with the necessary dimensions will be preferable so that the upper surface (located at the bottom of the mold to be created upside down) of the tile does not remain “in the air” during the peeling rotation. The top face of the base extension crown will be polished like the mold base itself.

Optionally, a vibrator can be included that would act on the base of the mold, once the addition of the colors is finished (before or after the injection of the background color, item 9). The objective is the best settlement of the cement mix layers but the side effects must be evaluated, both on the integrity of the “printed” images and on the structure of the frame and the mold itself.

As for the elements of action, they will present the following architecture:

A minimum of 8 tanks, one for each color, since the physical nature of the color makes it difficult to superimpose them to obtain intermediate tones.

A solution with 16 tanks can be proposed for 16 colors, but more colors, although technically possible, would require an increase in resources that must be weighed.

Each of these 8 deposits will consist of:

A mixing boiler with sensors to determine the degrees of viscosity and humidity of the mixture, which must be kept within limits by adding water and remixing. The tank may also have a load sensor in the event that measuring weight is more practical than using dispensers. The sensors will provide information for the tank controller card.

The boiler can be cylindrical, conical, spherical, etc. but square or angular constructions that make cleaning and mixing of the materials difficult should be avoided. The mixer can be placed inside; In this case, it can be implanted as a mechanical rotational device with various architectures, but pressurized air systems that would produce bubbles that are difficult to eradicate should be avoided. An alternative solution for mixing is the rotation of the boiler itself.

Remixing will be carried out periodically to maintain the homogeneity of the mixture but it will not be running continuously so as not to interfere with the setting times of the cement and its properties.

The boiler can be placed next to it (usually on its external face) or directly on top of the frame.

In a position preferably below the boiler, directly above the position of the molds, the injector of the mixture will be located, which will move in the horizontal plane by the movement of two perpendicular carriages with rectilinear horizontal displacement. The injector will be connected to the boiler by means of flexible conduction.

A boiler (element 9 °), similar to the previous ones, will take care of the uniform addition on the entire surface (on the drops or traces of the tones added directly on the base of the mold) of a background color layer. The tone of this layer will depend on each image and will be added with an injector to cover surfaces. The background color layer is intended to cover the pores or areas left by the injection of drops or strokes.

Each boiler will have a mixture propulsion subsystem and an automatic cleaning subsystem for the tank itself, the pipes, the sensors and the injector. It should be added that the loading capacity of the mixing boiler will be limited by the fact that the cement mixture will create material aggregations on the walls of the entire circuit, requiring periodic cleaning by means of water (with or without air) to pressure before the aggregations harden. The setting time of the cement must also be taken into account to determine the maximum time that the mixture can be kept in the boiler without losing properties.

In any case, the system should be cleaned manually on a longer period at the same time as it is inspected and generally maintained.

As for the 10th element. It is highly recommended to include a deposit for the addition of an intermediate thin layer of gray cement mix with marble powder (or with sand for finely sifted construction), on the background color layer (element 9) to guarantee the perfect adhesion of the “sandwich”. The tank will consist of a boiler with a dry mixer and a material dispenser to cover the entire surface of the mold. The dispenser can be placed in a lower position than the boiler, and this will be placed laterally to the frame or directly on it.

Element 11 ° will add a layer of gray cement with sand (of the common type for construction), sieved to avoid gravel residues and lumps, with a boiler and a

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addition mechanism similar to the 10 ° element.

Taking into account that the content of the deposits 10 ° and 11 ° is the same for any type of tile that is produced, these can receive the materials added separately or already mixed.

It should be clear that the 10 ° and 11 ° tanks supply dry material mixtures but must be periodically cleaned with pressurized air / water to avoid aggregations and lumps produced, eventually, by the residual humidity of the material (such as sand) or the environment. Alternatively, the suitability of pre-drying the sand can be assessed.

In the vicinity of the circuit, the water tank with its pipes and the mineral dye loading tanks should also be located, and depending on the architecture used, white cement, gray cement, sieved sand and marble dust.

The order of the colors in the mixing boilers is conditioned by the loading technology used, in the sense that this technology (Archimedean Screw, Pneumatic Tube ...) facilitates or hinders the architecture of the loading ducts and, in Consequently, the order of the colors in the mixing tanks will vary according to the needs. For example, in the case of making an injector work as a tracer, this should be that of the first boiler, which must be taken into account in the order of loading.

The same injector can work as a tracer and then as a droplet booster on the same mold or on others. Likewise, the lines of several injectors can be superimposed each time the mold passes under each of them.

Thus at least 2 types of architecture are possible:

Pneumatic Tube Technology Unique Charge Duct Architecture # 1. It facilitates greater flexibility in the order of loading the colors in the mixing tanks:

The loading duct will connect all the charging tanks of the mineral dyes with all the mixing boilers, being able to adopt routes that are partly curved and partly rectilinear. Origin and destination are determined by opening and closing valves, cleaning the circuit with pressurized air between two discharges if there is too much residue.

It will also connect the marble powder, sieved sand, white cement and gray cement loading tanks with all the pigment mixing boilers (1 §..9§) and with the 10 ° and 11 ° tanks.

Architecture n ° 2 of specific ducts: storage tank-mixing tank, with Archimedean Screw technology.

In this type of architecture, each deposit of mineral dyes is connected in a fixed way with a unique pigment mixing boiler by means of an Archimedean Screw, because this technology makes the inclusion of selection valves and the cleaning of the circuit more complex. but, above all, because it makes a rectilinear route of the discharge duct more practical, even though a curved route with flexible materials or a polygonal route with cardan or equivalent transmissions is technically possible. In this architecture, each mixing boiler always receives the same pigment and each injector always works with the same color.

In this case, there will be a single loading tank with the pre-mix of marble powder with white cement that will be connected to the mixing boilers 1§ to 9§ by means of 9 different ducts (using a single mobile duct with 9 positions is mechanically more complex). A radial architecture of these ducts is recommended, placing the load tank in the center of everything in assembly on the axis of rotation of the frame so that the 9 ducts start from their base towards the 9 boilers. With this architecture, the content of this last tank must be totally replaced if it is decided to change the white cement for the gray or vice versa.

According to this scheme it will be easier to load the boilers 10§ and 11§ with the already mixed materials.

According to these conditions, architecture No. 1 allows production in a single cycle, that is to say, the frame will be able to place the molds under each of the injectors giving a single turn. Architecture # 2 can force the frame to make several turns to place the molds under the appropriate injector (or backward movements), during which the other actuating elements will be on hold.

The technologies used to transport the materials to the mixing boilers will also determine the choice of the dosage method. In the case of mineral dyes, a simple way of implanting them will be by means of dosing tanks at the discharge outlets of the material tanks. In the case of other materials, it may be more practical to measure the load in the mixing tank itself.

As for the 12 ° element, the pressing element, it will consist of a downward pressure system attached to an arch, tower or any structure that allows the frame to pass underneath. In its lower part, the mold cover will be held horizontally so that it can be replaced or cleaned easily and quickly if necessary for maintenance tasks. As explained, the total pressing force will be supplied in equal parts by this element and another pressure element located below the base of the mold.

Parallel to the periodic cleaning of the mixing tanks, the mold lid will also be cleaned, to avoid excessive aggregation of accumulated material with subsequent pressing. This operation can be performed manually, taking into account its simplicity, or it can be automated with various technologies, including brushes in the form of a roller or disk, pressurized air and water, a vacuum cleaner, retractable arms and levers, and boxes of different shapes and closing systems. for devices during and after operation.

As for the thirteenth element, the extraction and printing element of the order identifier, and of the order number if it is a mosaic that will reconstruct an image. The extraction will require the removal of the piece by means of a transport strip, similar in size and shape to those of the side of the tile, on which one of the sides of the tile will rest. Cases of manual or automatic extraction are considered. In the first case, it will only be necessary to include a button, pedal or lever so that the operator indicates that the extraction has been completed, its exclusion being a potential cause of

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accidents. The automatic extraction approach will require a separate device and its design should be explained separately.

The printing of identifying numbers will be made on any of the 3 sides (approximately between 1 and 2 cm high, by the length of the side of the tile, long) not subject to manipulation during the extraction of the piece or on the surface bottom of this that will be accessible because the piece is manufactured face up. Taking into account that the part at that time will have a precarious consistency, only inkjet printing is recommended.

Regarding the fourteenth element, that of cleaning the plate (base), and eventually the base extension crown, and mold frame after each extraction to prevent any dust particle from damaging the quality of the finish of the pieces. It will be carried out with mechanisms similar to those described for cleaning the mold lid (element 12 °). The cleaning of the plate will also include lubricating it by adding the lubricant to the surface of the plate using a fluid dispenser, preferably a sprinkler and subsequent friction. The potential lubricants to be used are diverse, although the traditional mixture of "cleaning oil" with linseed oil in a ratio of 3 to 1 is recommended.

Turning now to describe the mixing boilers 1§ to 9§, the following operations will be performed on them:

1 .- A pre-charge of water will be added.

2 ° .- The pigment load will be added while mixing during loading.

3 ° .- The load of marble and cement powder (white or gray) will be added, also keeping the mix active. These materials may be added separately or previously mixed.

4 ° .- The degrees of viscosity and humidity will be measured and, if necessary, more water will be added, remixing the contents of the tank until the viscosity and humidity measurements are adequate. The degrees of moisture and viscosity in case remixing is necessary.

As for the molds, they will carry out the following phases of operation:

For the elements of action 1 to 11

1.- Adding the material.

In each mold, the lifting mechanism (lower pressing element), after the cleaning phase, will raise the base of the mold to the necessary height so that the base is in the proper position (height) of the frame, partially inserted into it (position addition). If you have decided to adjust it, its closing mechanism will act until it is firmly grasped by the sides of the frame.

The frame will rotate so that each mold will be positioned successively, first below each of the 8 color nozzles, then below the bottom layer nozzle, and then below the 10 ° and 11 ° boiler material dispensers , below the upper pressing element, following the extraction station and, finally, in the cleaning position. Of all the operations performed on the molds, the slowest will determine the rotation time of the complete cycle of the frame, which will be the sum of the time that the molds are stopped while performing some task on them and the time of movement from one position to another. according to the following expression:

Td = time used for the movement of a mold from one position to another

Tma = average action time, as the time that an element is acting on a mold, including among these the extraction phase (which can be manual) of the piece. This time should be calculated as the average of operating times in each position (1..14) by sampling.

Tm = slower Tma

n = number of actuation elements = number of molds

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Total T = (Td Tm) n

To determine the final production times, the loading, mixing and maintenance times must be added.

Operations to be carried out for adding material:

1.1 Injection of drops or strokes of color. The injectors can drop a drop of color or a continuous line, depending on the nature of the design to be "printed":

If it is a photograph, an abstract image or a marbled one, the injectors will add drops of color.

If it is a geometric drawing, the operation of the injector as a tracer, adding a continuous line of material, can improve the final resolution of the image. In this case, the gaps between strokes can be filled by means of the same injector or the others or left for the surface injector in operation number 9.

1.2 Coating with a uniform color layer to cover the pores or small gaps left by the color drops or to fill the spaces left by the injectors working as tracers (item 9).

1.3 The addition of a thin layer consisting of a homogeneous dry mix of gray cement and marble powder has been recommended in order to strengthen the bond between the colored and the reverse layers. The proportions of cement and marble powder depend on the type of cement and must be specified empirically (element 10 °).

1.4 Addition of a layer of a homogeneous dry mix of gray cement with sieved sand (reverse). The thickness of this layer and its proportions will depend on the qualities of the materials, on the resistance that you want to give to the piece and the weight of it that can be assumed (element 11 °).

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For the 12th action element. It is complex in description as it includes phases 2 and 3 and in them, the 12 ° actuation element interacts with the lifting mechanism at the base of the mold.

2. - Pressing.

The lid of the mold descends until it is inserted inside it, exerting pressure on the materials. At the same time, the base exerts a slightly lower upward pressure than that of the cover, so that during the pressing of the materials the base falls until it reaches the lower limit of the frame, maintaining during this process a constant pressure controlled by the information that The gauges of the two pressure elements send to the controller card.

3. - Peeling off the tile.

If an extension crown has been included, it should rise until its top is at the same height as the top of the base, creating an extension of it. In order to ensure a balanced up / down motion, it will be desirable for the base extension crown to move supported by at least three points, for example three interlocking plungers.

A motor element will rotate the axis of the base pressure element, making it rotate and, where appropriate, also the crown. The turn will be a few degrees, just enough to ensure the freshly pressed tile is detached and will be complemented by another in the opposite direction that will leave the base in the initial position. During the peeling process, the mold lid will not have moved.

Subsequently, the lower pressure element will raise the base and the upper one will do the same with the lid, synchronized until the tile has left the frame at the top. At this point, the upper pressure element will move the cover to the waiting height, separating it from the tile, and the lower element will finish raising the base until it is at the extraction height.

If a base extension crown has been included, it should lower to the cleaning position where it will wait for the incorporation of the mold base.

For the 13th action element

4. - Printing of identifiers.

An ink nozzle will print the order identifier on one of the sides of each tile or on the bottom to facilitate packaging. In addition, if it is a mosaic tile, the placement order number of each tile will also be printed. A simple embodiment consists of horizontally moving the injector left-right and vice versa, alternately shifting one position (line break) between each horizontal shifting.

During the printing of identifiers, access to the part by the operator who removes it as a security measure to protect the first and second will be prevented.

5. - Extraction.

The protection of the piece will be removed and the operator will place the transport strip on the lower side of the piece and then, with the other hand, he will lift the base of the mold until leaving it in an upright position, at which point he will lift the piece while separating it from the mold base, gently holding it at the back while holding it vertically with the transport strip until it is deposited (without removing the strip), in an upright position in a drying box equipped with stops that avoid contact between adjacent tiles.

In the case of deciding to fully automate the process, the extraction can be carried out by means of an articulated arm (robot).

Once the tile has been removed from the mold base, the operator will indicate this to the system by means of some type of push button or lever, which will be followed by the movement of the mold to its next position in the actuation element

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14 ° while the base is lowered to the horizontal position and the lower pressure element places it at the height of cleaning by passing through the frame on its descent. If a base extension crown has been included, these two will adjust to form a smooth surface.

For the element of action 14 °

6.- Cleaning.

Cleaning will be carried out after moving the instruments to the base. In any case, the base must be lubricated to allow the next piece to come off without damaging it. If it is considered necessary, the elements involved can be closed and vacuum can be removed. Finally the cleaning instruments will retract to allow the frame to move, during which the lower pressure element will raise the base of the mold until it occupies the addition position in the frame.

As for the personalization process of the treatments used, which, as previously mentioned, is not only applicable in the machine of the invention, but is also applicable for the production of other types of coatings, such as tiles, tiles, pieces. plastic and metal, glass or any other material to cover floors, walls and facades, it is a process that allows the buyer of the product to contribute the images that he wishes to see reproduced on the surfaces of the building, pool, etc .; so that these designs can be incorporated into the automatic production system without any difference with the automatic processes that reproduce preset designs.

In this way, the production of totally personalized treatments will not be significantly more expensive.

To do this, the production system will be computerized and “image printing” lines of inkjet technology, cement or any other that does not require the prior creation of clichés or templates will have been installed. It is advisable that the same system also allows the design or order numbers or codes to be written on the back of the piece to allow custom packaging; in the case of type designs

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"Mosaic" will also be written (printed) on one side or on the back of the part the order number for the assembly "in situ" according to the diagram supplied together with the packaged parts.

Designs, in electronic format, will be added to a print queue (preferably) with priority, so that the producer's standard designs can be kept in memory along with designs contributed by customers. An algorithm will decide the printing order taking into account the priorities and the state of production.

In general terms, the process begins when the client contacts the technician (architect ...) or the retailer, although the production industry can also choose to have its own points of sale or incorporate online sales. In any case, the client must provide the plans of the surfaces to be covered (if necessary) and the images to be reproduced. To this set the instructions will be joined with the details and they will be sent to the design department (or equivalent) of the producer through a corporate intranet, via email or any other electronic means of communication including secondary memory (USB sticks, disks.).

If necessary, the design department will carry out the assembly taking into account that sometimes the image must be distributed over the entire surface to be covered, resulting in a "mosaic" that when assembled "in situ" reproduces the original image (for example a landscape or the mosaic of the floor of a Roman villa); in other cases the image is repeated in each piece one or more times, with the possibility that there are several different images in the alternate pieces or any other criteria.

If a simulation has been carried out, the result will be sent to the origin by the same intranet / email procedure, etc. in order for the client to agree or add changes that will be returned to the design department. The producer's design department should instruct the technician / retailer so that the process does not take forever. Once the simulation is approved by the client, production will proceed.

The image or images (depending on whether it is a repetition, variation or “mosaic”) will be added to the device's print queue (injection) in the corresponding order according to the established criteria and priorities. At the same time they will be printed on paper or shipped

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by electronic means the assembly diagrams of the designs of the "mosaic" type.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that will be made below and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is included as an integral part of said description. where, by way of illustration and not limitation, the following has been represented:

Figure 1.- Shows a plan view of the static structure that participates in the cement injection printer of the invention, showing the 14 horizontal profiles resting on a support mounted on the central pillar. The 14 peripheral vertical profiles are hidden below the ends of the horizontal ones.

Figure 2.- Shows a view of the profile of the static structure that contains only the constructive elements of line ABC of Figure 1. The support for the S profiles and the CS and CI bearings for anchoring the frame and two of the P-pillars hidden in Figure 1.

Figure 3.- Shows a plan view of the frame. The central pillar and upper bearing CS, the lower support S, the tangential contact crown CR and the motor MT with the contact pulley PT are shown.

Figure 4-A.- Shows a profile view of the frame. Only the constructive elements of the line ABC of figure 3 have been shown. The P-pillar with the two bearings CS and CI, the tie rods TV, TD and TH with the cut of the support SI and BS with the cut of the crown can be seen tangential contact with the CR motor pulley.

Figure 4-B.- Front view of a frame segment. The central pillar P has been shown with the TD and TV braces; also SI bottom bracket and CI bottom bearing. Included are: the lower pressure element EPI attached to the lower support SI, with the pressure piston EP, the frame MM, the base of the mold or "plate" PL, the plate rotation motor MR and the PC and PR transmission pulleys.

Figure 5.- Shows a plan view of a frame segment, showing the tangential contact crown CR and the tie rod BS; the frame of the MM mold held by an anchor A and the closure of the CM frame. The MR plate rotation motor with its AM anchor and PR pulley has also been included.

Figure 6-A.- Shows a plan view, elevation and profile of the plate.

Figure 6-B.- Shows a plan view and profile of the plate raised in the extraction position.

Figure 7.- Shows a complete diagram of the machine in the plant. Frame B can be seen with the horizontal profiles of the static structure E on the support in the center of it; Anchored to the profiles, the mixing boilers of the eight C1..C8 colors and the one of the CF basecoat color next to the R1 intermediate fine "reverse" tank. Located only partially on the frame, the tank of the "reverse" R2 below it shows the dispenser D. In position 12§, the upper pressing element is anchored at the top to the profiles; the frame of the MM mold appears below. In the 13§ position the IE impression and extraction element is arranged and next to it the cleaning element L.

The battery of mineral pigment deposits P1..P8 has been drawn together with those of CB white cement, CG gray and PM marble powder. On the tanks, the dosers D and connecting the tanks with the mixing boilers the path of the pneumatic tube T.

For their part, the carts with the injectors are hidden under the mixing boilers.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the figures outlined, and especially Figures 1 and 2, it can be seen how the cement injection printer, in its simplest version, is made up of a static structure made up of fourteen peripheral pillars (P) and of a central pillar (PC), in which two bearings (CS) and (CI) of rotation of a frame will be mounted, in which defines a support (S) to which 14 radial segments or profiles (SP) of radial arrangement will be fixed resting at the ends on the 14 peripheral pillars (P).

According to figure 3, the lower support (SI) is mounted on the lower bearing, establishing a tangential contact crown (CR) and a motor (MT) with a contact pulley (PT).

In figure 4a it can be seen how the two bearings (CS and CI) are related to the supports (SI and BS) by means of tie rods (TV, TD and TH), moving the tangential crown (CR) thanks to the motor pulley (PT) .

According to figure 4B, each mold will be formed by a frame (MM), and a base or plate (PL) with a single cover for all of them mounted on the upper pressing element, being assisted inferiorly by a lower pressure element (EPI) associated with a pressure plunger (EP).

The anchors will be fixed to the frame with a bolt system for the frames, which may be of different geometric shapes. In this example 14 square frames will be mounted on the upper frame structure (figure 7), each one attached to the frame at 2 points as illustrated in figure 5:

(CM): The angle where the frame is open and inserted into the mechanism to open and close it, this mechanism will be attached to the frame structure.

(A): The angle of the frame, opposite to the previous one, to be attached directly to the frame.

Fourteen lifting elements will be mounted on the lower frame structure, each one with a mold base fixed in its upper part as illustrated in figure 4-B.

A pressure generator will provide the necessary force for the operation of:

Pressing.

Horizontal rotation movement of the frame.

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Rotation movement of all the boiler mixers (C1 ... C8 CF) in figure 7.

Displacement of the carriages for adding the intermediate layer and the reverse: boilers (R1) and (R2) in figure 7.

Open / close the frame of the molds.

Rotation back and forth from the base of the molds.

Raising and lowering the extension crown of the mold base.

Pneumatic tube.

9 boilers (C1, C2 ... C8 and CF) will be placed for mixing cement with marble powder, pigments and water.

9 injectors, each in an assembly of two perpendicular carriages of horizontal displacement and joined to the tank by a flexible conduction.

The 9 tanks and the 9 injectors in their carriages will be fixed in the static structure directly on the path of the molds, as illustrated in figure 7.

A dry mix tank (R1) mounted on the static structure directly on the path of the molds with a dispenser at its bottom to discharge the mixture of gray cement with marble powder directly into the mold (figure 7).

A lateral tower (R2) outside the frame with a dispenser at its bottom, extending radially towards the center so that it discharges the mixture onto the molds. This tank will be larger than those described for the pigment mix and for the mix of gray cement with marble powder because the amount of material it must contain will be much greater with a weight and volume that advise that it be mounted resting directly on the ground. by means of tripods (figure 7).

In position 12-, the upper pressure pressing element (PR) will be placed with the pressing cover mounted on its lower part; all this fixed in the static structure, as illustrated in figure 7.

An ink nozzle covered by a plate will be installed, which will prevent access to the tile by the operator while printing the identifiers. The printing subsystem will be fixed to a double positioning arm with a shaft at its lower end with a motor element that allows it to be lifted by rotation to the vertical (rest) position and lowered to a horizontal (working) position to allow it to reach print position on the base (underside) of the part and then removed to allow removal of the part. This assembly will be placed in position 13- (IE) (impression-extraction) also subject to the static structure (figure 7).

A last located cleaning subsystem (L) (position 14-), formed by a circular brush mounted on a rotor for horizontal rotation, will clean the base of the mold when it has been lowered to cleaning height. Before brushing, a sprinkler will deposit the lubricating liquid on the base of the mold, the sprinkler and the brush will access their working position by means of a 90 ° horizontal circular arm. This subsystem will also be mounted on the static structure (figure 7).

As previously mentioned, the assembly will move by means of a motor element (MT) in tangential mounting to the frame fixed to the ground with its own frame. Figure 7.

Regarding the method of personalization of the parts obtained by the printer of the invention, as well as in the production of other types of coatings, such as tiles, tiles, plastic and metal parts, glass or any other material to cover floors, walls and facades, there will be a LAN network to which the following resources will be connected:

• one or more lines for cement injection printing, not being incompatible with the coexistence with lines for inkjet, for different formats of

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pieces

• a design department with several computers for graphic design and treatment

• a management department

• a print server for production lines

• a corporate intranet of disconnected technology of the DHTML type installed on its own server also connected to the LAN

When a technician or retailer wishes to request an order, they must fill out a form on the corporate intranet, prior identification.

Another form deals with the registration of new users. This form specifies data such as, for example, the type of notice to send (email, SMS ...) when the requested simulation is ready.

Attached to the form are the plans of the surfaces to be covered and the images to be reproduced in both cases in electronic format of the JPG or PNG type and PDF documents. It is advisable not to use the GIF format for being of low quality and other document formats for presenting copyright problems. The legal responsibility for the images lies with the client.

Once the request has been registered on the intranet, the management department receives notice for supervision and confirmation. Once confirmed, it is sent to the design department which receives the simulation pending order notice along with the assigned priority.

Once the simulation is done, the applicant is also sent through the corporate intranet for approval or request for changes and the management department receives a notification of the status of the process.

When the simulation has been approved by the customer, the list of images and printing details is finalized and the "package" is inserted in the print queue of the corresponding part format.

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The finished parts are packaged according to their code and in the case of being to be assembled “in mosaic”, the scheme is included where it is indicated which part number should be placed in each place.

Claims (1)

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S 1§.- Cement injection printer, which, being conceived for obtaining duly decorated pressed cement cladding parts, is characterized in that it is constituted from a static structure, in which a central pillar is defined, on which a circular or polygonal frame is mounted, equipped with means of rotation in the horizontal plane, in which a support is defined to which fourteen actuation elements associated with the respective molds will preferably be attached, including tanks for different colors, in which it participates to each one a boiler (C1 ... C8) of mixing with means of adding drops or traces for the creation of the image, through mixing injectors, defining a ninth boiler of addition of background color (CF) , materializing the tenth element in a deposit of addition of an intermediate thin layer of gray cement (CG) mixture with marble powder (PM), formed by a boiler with a mixture dry dryer and a material dispenser to cover the entire surface of the mold, having provided for the participation of an eleventh element equipped with means for adding a layer of gray cement (CG) with sieved sand with its corresponding boiler, also providing for the inclusion of a twelfth element, materialized in a pressing system (PR) attached to an arch, tower or any structure that allows the passage of the frame underneath, in the lower part of which the mold cover is held, with a thirteenth element, materialized in an element of extraction and printing (IE) of identification of the piece, having a fourteenth element, of cleaning (L) of the plate (base), with the particularity that the printer includes one or more controller cards of device of general synchronization, control and maintenance of materials in the mixing boilers and control of material addition of the injectors as well as with trolling of these with the positioning trolleys. 2§.- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1§, characterized in that the static structure can be built with fourteen peripheral pillars (P) distributed around a central pillar (PC) on which fourteen horizontal profiles rest. 3§.- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame rotation means include a motor (MT) preferably on the outside of the frame assembly, associated with a contact pulley (PT) on a crown two tangential (CR) fixed to the periphery of the frame. 4- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1, characterized in that a vibrating mechanism can be arranged on the base of the molds. 5- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that the mixing injectors include means of displacement in the horizontal plane by the movement of two perpendicular carriages of rectilinear horizontal displacement, the injector being connected to the boiler by means of of flexible driving. 6- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that each boiler has a propulsion subsystem for the mixture and another for automatic cleaning of the tank itself, the pipes, the sensors and the injector. 7- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that the injectors include means to work as a tracer and as a droplet propeller on the same mold or on others. 8- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that they include means to work overlapping the lines of several injectors each time the mold passes under each one of them. 9 .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1, characterized in that the fourteenth element for cleaning the plate includes lubrication means on the surface of the plate by means of a fluid dispenser, preferably sprinkler and subsequent friction. 10- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that the frame rotation means comprise a central rotation axis (PC) in which a pair of bearings (CS and CI) are established to which joins the frame assembly by means of tie rods (TD, TH, TV) or blades. 11 -. - Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that the movement of the carriages, both for the cement injectors and for the ink injectors of the identifier printing element, is carried out by means of a pulley and fixed union, by toothed belt or by any other conventional mechanism. 12- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that it includes grinding media for the materials used to obtain the piece, such as white cement, marble powder and mineral dyes. 13- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that it includes material dispensers for the back of the implantable part with a simple horizontal displacement trolley or by means of air pressure systems, centrifugal or mixed systems. 14- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that it includes stops, travel anchors and position detectors of the “limit switch” type for the exact positioning of the frame and the mold base. 15- .- Cement injection printer, according to claim 1-, characterized in that it optionally includes 16 tanks with 16 colors or more. 16- .- Personalization method of treatments for construction, to obtain parts used in the cladding of buildings, swimming pools, public works and the like, such as tiles, plastic, metal, glass or any other material for covering floors, walls, ceilings and facades, starting from an installation in which a LAN-type network is involved, in which several lines of inkjet printing, cement or any technology that does not need clichés or the like for the Different formats of pieces, having a design department with computers for graphic design and treatment, a management department, a print server for production lines, and a corporate intranet preferably of disconnected technology of the DHTML type installed on its own server. also connected to the LAN or other electronic communication means, it is characterized because additionally to the preset printing patterns it is possible to add custom designs contributed by the client himself. 17§.- Method, according to claim 16§, characterized in that, in the case of an image divided as a mosaic, together with the images to be reproduced, the client can provide the plans of the surfaces to be covered, so that the design department of the producer, carry out the simulation of the assembly, sending the result to the client for its conformity or adding changes that will be returned to the design department, so that once the simulation is approved by the client, the parts are produced, from In this way, the image or images will be added to the print queue of the printing device in the corresponding order according to the established criteria and priorities, a process parallel to which the assembly diagrams of the designs will be printed on paper or sent by electronic means. when these are of the "mosaic" type. one