ES2719075T3 - Device and method to monitor the dosing of biocides in a machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for monitoring the vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine, comprising: obtaining information regarding the steam phase corrosion rate over a period of time using an in-line sensor; and use the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process; and adjust the amount of oxidizing biocide based on the information obtained regarding vapor phase corrosion.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Device and method to monitor the dosing of biocides in a machine

Field

The present invention relates to an improved method for minimizing corrosion damage of machinery for the manufacture of paper or cardboard.

Background

Microorganisms are present in paper and cardboard machines every day. Its entry into process is inevitable, since the circulating water contains biodegradable dissolved substances, the temperature and pH are generally favorable for microbial life, and the machines are open processes exposed to pollutants from air, water and non-sterile raw materials. Paper and cardboard machines can support the growth of very different types of microorganisms; But the most common organisms are bacteria and fungi. A detailed review of the microbiology of paper machines, on microorganisms and their impact on papermaking, is presented in Chapter 6: Microbiology of the paper machine, pp. 181-198, by Marko Kolari, in the 2007 Paper Manufacturing Chemistry Manual, Raimo Alen (Ed.), Association of Paper Engineers of Finland, Helsinki, Finland.

Microorganisms can cause a number of problems in papermaking, if countermeasures are not taken. Microbes can affect both the operation of papermaking chemistry and the quality of the final product. Starch is one of the most easily digestible nutrients for microbes, but also some other additive suspensions are prone to degradation. The high microbial activity, for example in a reuse tower of faulty coated paper, can lower the pH and, therefore, have a marked effect on the chemistry of the wet end. The high microbial activity can also create strong odors that can be a nuisance or even a danger to personnel, and can also be destructive to the quality of the product in the degrees of packaging. The formation of silt (biofilms) on the surfaces of the tanks and the frames of the machines leads to paper defects (points and holes) or ruptures of the belt when lumps of silt are released. A break in the web requires cleaning and restart, resulting in system downtime, lost paper production, lower efficiency and higher costs. Therefore, it is desirable to minimize bacteria in process waters and prevent biofilm formation on system surfaces.

Dosing biocides to process waters is the most common way to fight microbes. A typical biocide program consists of individual treatments of the different parts of the process system, such as incoming raw water, additive storage, water circuits of paper machines and the reused paper reuse system. If the biocidal treatment fails in one of the parts, it usually affects the entire machine. The type of biocide to be selected depends on the application point, the performance objective and the chemical compatibility with the system. In the treatment of the wet end of the paper machine, that is, the circulating water and the reused paper reuse system, oxidizing biocides are currently widely used due to their cost-efficiency ratio. Common oxidizing biocides are, for example, sources of "free halogen", such as sodium hypochlorite, hypobromous acid and chlorine dioxide. The so-called "stabilized halogens" such as halogenated hydantoins, for example bromochloro dimethylhydantoin or partially halogenated hydantoins such as monochloro dimethylhydantoin, are also widely used. Other common "stabilized halogen" oxidizing biocides are haloamines, such as chloramines and bromamines, formed by combining a source of ammonium, such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate or any other ammonium salt, including urea, with an oxidant such as sodium hypochlorite.

The possibility of profitably preventing microbial problems has been the driving force that has made oxidizing biocides the preferred type of biocide in most paper machines. However, now the long-term use of some of the oxidizing biocides has created a new type of problem, namely the steam phase corrosion of machinery. The different chemistries of oxidizing biocides differ in terms of volatility and shelf life in the paper machine's process water. If large doses of a type of oxidizing biocide that accumulate in the process water and which is also very volatile are used, this can cause corrosion problems in the vapor phase. The most volatile oxidizing biocides are chlorine dioxide and haloamines. In the worst case, the corrosion of the paper machinery at the beginning of the drying section has created enormous problems of operating capacity and deteriorated the quality of the paper due to the scales of corrosion products that arise from the damaged parts of the machinery.

Corrosion is a particular concern in the "short circuit", or short circulation section, of a paper machine, and in the press and subsequent drying section. In a typical pulp and paper process, the pulp material is passed to a forming box, which distributes the pulp material over a moving wire in a forming section. The sheet of paper is formed in the formation section and then sent to presses and dryers for finishing. The short circuit is a system that recirculates and recycles excess water from the pulp material. The excess water is collected in a wire mesh pit in the formation section and then an important part of it is recirculated back to the forming box for reuse. While many tanks, lines and other submerged structures of pulp and paper systems are normally formed with acid-proof stainless steel, many components above the water surface level, and in the press and dryer section, are formed by softer steel materials. Therefore, these components can be adversely affected by the vapor phase corrosion that occurs due to the intense use of volatile oxidizing biocides for the control of microbes.

WO 2011/037819 describes a method for making cardboard in which the papermaking material is continuously treated with a biocide in several places. The biocides can be selected so as to cause little or no corrosion in the vapor phase. The current practice used by paper manufacturers to follow corrosion in the vapor phase (if monitoring is performed) is based on the installation of steel specimens (for example carbon steel specimens) suspended near the machine. paper. These specimens have been accurately weighed before installation and, once removed, are thoroughly washed to remove loose corrosion products, dried and weighed again. The corrosion rate is calculated based on the loss of metal (weight loss) during the exposure time. Monitoring with corrosion specimens only provides delayed information and does not allow a rapid reaction time. Therefore, there is a need to try to overcome at least these problems.

Summary of the invention

In accordance with the objective (s) of the present disclosure, as expressed and described in general terms herein, the embodiments of the present disclosure, in one aspect, refer to methods for monitoring and / or control the amount of corrosion in vapor phase, devices, and the like.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine, which comprises obtaining information regarding the vapor phase corrosion rate over a period of time using a sensor in line; and use the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process; and adjust the amount of oxidizing biocide based on the information obtained regarding vapor phase corrosion.

In another aspect a modified RE device is provided comprising a RE probe and a refrigeration unit, the cooling device including a structure arranged around the RE probe, a cavity formed between the structure and the RE probe, and including the structure one or more openings. In another aspect a method is provided which comprises obtaining, by means of a computer device, information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time using an in-line sensor; and use the information to determine, by means of a computing device, how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process.

In another aspect, a system comprising at least one computing device is provided; and an executable method application in at least one computing device, the method application comprising: logic that obtains information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time using an in-line sensor; and logic that uses the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process.

Brief description of the drawings

Many aspects of this disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components of the drawings are not necessarily to scale, but rather it is emphasized to clearly illustrate the principles of the present disclosure. In addition, in the drawings, similar numerical references designate corresponding parts in the various views.

Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 2A illustrates a perspective view of the modified RE probe (ie, an embodiment of a refrigeration unit is arranged around the RE probe).

Figure 2B illustrates a schematic perspective view of an ER probe.

Figure 3 illustrates a graph showing exemplary data on the measured corrosion rate (loss of metal from the sensor element, pm) over a period from December 18 to January 3.

Figure 4 illustrates a graph showing exemplary data on the measured corrosion rate (loss of metal from the sensor element, pm) over a period of five weeks.

Figure 5 is a schematic of a measurement system that includes a computing device.

Figure 6 is a flow chart of an example of vapor phase corrosion monitoring.

Detailed description

This disclosure is not limited to the particular embodiments described which, as such, can obviously vary. The terminology used herein is intended to describe only particular embodiments, and is not intended to be limiting, since the scope of the present disclosure will only be limited by the appended claims.

When a range of values is provided, each intermediate value, up to one tenth of the unit of the lower limit, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, between the upper and lower limit of that interval and any other value expressed or intermediate in that established interval is included in the disclosure. The upper and lower limits of these smaller intervals may be included independently in the smaller intervals, and are also included within the disclosure, subject to any limits specifically excluded in the established interval. When the indicated interval includes one or both limits, the intervals that exclude any one or both included limits are also included in the disclosure.

The embodiments of the present disclosure will employ, unless otherwise indicated, paper science, chemistry and the like techniques, which are within the skill of the art. These techniques are fully explained in the bibliography.

The following examples are presented to provide those skilled in the art with a full disclosure and description of how to carry out the methods and use of the compositions and compounds described and claimed herein. Efforts have been made to ensure accuracy with respect to numbers (eg quantities, temperature, etc.), but there are some errors and deviations. Unless otherwise indicated, the parts are parts by weight, the temperature is in ° C and the pressure is atmospheric pressure or is close to it. The standard temperature and pressure are defined as 20 ° C and 1 atmosphere.

Before the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail, it should be understood that, unless otherwise indicated, the present disclosure is not limited by materials, reagents, reaction materials, manufacturing processes, dimensions, frequency ranges , particular applications or the like, and these may vary. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is intended to describe only particular embodiments, and is not intended to be limiting. It is also possible in the present disclosure that the steps can be executed in a different sequence, when this is logically possible. It is also possible that the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to additional embodiments that involve measurements beyond the examples described herein, which are not intended to be limiting. In addition, it is possible that the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined or integrated with other measurement techniques beyond the examples described herein, which are not intended to be limiting.

It should be noted that, as used in the specification and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "one", "a", "the" and "the" include plural referents, unless the context state clearly otherwise. Thus, for example, the reference to "a support" includes a plurality of supports. In this specification and in the claims that follow, reference will be made to a series of terms that will be defined to have the following meanings, unless a contrary intention is evident.

In the first aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine. This method comprises the steps of obtaining information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time using an in-line sensor; and use the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process, and adjust the amount of oxidizing biocide based on the information obtained regarding vapor phase corrosion. Preferably, the information is obtained using a modified electrical resistance (RE) probe, equipped with a RE probe and a cooling unit arranged around the RE probe. The information preferably includes corrosion measurement information or determination of the corrosion rate through measurements. Preferably, the information is obtained using a temperature measurement sensor to measure the temperature of one or more of the following: the RE probe, the air around the Re probe or the air outside the RE probe. Obtaining information preferably includes measuring an electrical resistance of an element in the modified RE probe. Preferably, an increase in the electrical resistance of the element over a period of time indicates that the element undergoes a reduction, and from the reduction of the element over the period of time a corrosion rate is determined. Preferably, the method further comprises controlling the temperature difference between the air outside the modified RE probe and the surface of the RE probe.

The method can be modified by helping to collect data and use information through a computer device. In another aspect a method is provided comprising obtaining, by means of a computer device, information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time using an in-line sensor; and use the information to determine, by means of a computing device, how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process. Preferably, the method further comprises adjusting, by means of the computing device, the amount of oxidizing biocide based on the information obtained with respect to corrosion in the vapor phase. The information obtained preferably includes the measurement, by the computing device, of an electrical resistance of an element in a modified RE probe. The method preferably further comprises controlling, by means of a computing device, the temperature difference between the air outside a modified RE probe and a surface of a RE probe.

In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a modified electrical resistance device (RE). This device comprises an ER probe and a refrigeration unit. This device is suitable for use in the methods described above to monitor vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine described in the first aspect. The modified RE probe cooling device includes a structure arranged around the RE probe, a cavity formed between the structure and the RE probe, and the structure including one or more openings. Preferably, the cooling device is configured to flow a cooling medium into the cavity. In one embodiment, the cooling device is attached directly to the RE probe to control the temperature of the RE probe. In another embodiment, the cooling device is not attached directly to the RE probe, and the cooling medium is used to control the temperature of the RE probe. Preferably, the modified RE probe further comprises a temperature measuring sensor for measuring the temperature of one or more of the following: the RE probe, the air around the RE probe or the air outside the RE probe.

A further aspect of the present invention consists of a system capable of performing the required processes described above. This system comprises at least one computing device; and an executable method application in at least one computing device, the measurement application comprising: a logic that obtains information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time using an in-line sensor; and a logic that uses the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process. Preferably, the system further comprises a logic that adjusts the amount of oxidizing biocide based on the information obtained with respect to vapor phase corrosion. Obtaining information preferably includes a logic that measures an electrical resistance of an element in a modified RE probe. Preferably, the system further comprises a logic that controls the temperature difference between the air outside a modified RE probe and a surface of a RE probe.

Method application means the means for carrying out a method for monitoring vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine, which comprises obtaining information regarding the vapor phase corrosion rate over a period of time. ; and use the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process, as described above, or means for measuring or determining the elements required in a measurement application. The method application is normally implemented by means of executable software parts in a computing device.

Logic means parts of software that run on a computer device that cause the computer device to perform logical operations as defined in the method for monitoring vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine, which comprise obtaining information with respect to the rates of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time; and use the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process, as described above, or means for measuring or determining the elements required in a measurement application.

The various aspects of the present invention are further described by the following embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure include methods for monitoring and / or controlling the amount of corrosion in the vapor phase, devices, and the like. In particular, the embodiments of the present disclosure may include monitoring the rate and / or amount of corrosion in the steam phase of paper machinery (eg uniform corrosion) in line. In one embodiment, the rate and / or amount of corrosion in the vapor phase can be used to control the dosage amounts of oxidizing biocides as an effective way to minimize corrosion in the vapor phase in a paper machine in a timely manner.

One or more embodiments of the present disclosure refer to an improved method for minimizing corrosion damage of machinery for the manufacture of paper or cardboard and, in particular, minimizing corrosion damage caused by the dosing of biocides to said manufacturing process. aqueous. This can be achieved by using the modified RE probe as an in-line vapor phase corrosion sensor to monitor the corrosion rate, and by using that information to adjust the biocide dose in time.

An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may be advantageous in relation to current methods in which the information regarding the corrosion rate is based on the weight loss information of corrosion specimens that have been maintained in the process for several weeks Other methods only provide information with a significant delay and there is no opportunity to react quickly to changes in the degree of corrosion.

An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure allows the use of information on the rate of corrosion in line and in real time or in semi-real time that can be used directly to adjust the dosage amount of oxidizing biocide and, therefore, for example, sudden peaks with high corrosion rate can be stopped in a timely manner (for example in hours or days). In general, the oxidizing biocide can be added to one or more points in the process and these can include the pulp line, the water line or tanks.

An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes monitoring the vapor phase corrosion rate of online paper machinery and using that information to control the dosage amounts of oxidizing biocides. Monitoring corrosion in this way can be an effective way to minimize corrosion in the vapor phase of a paper machine.

In addition, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes an in-line sensor based on a modified Electrical Resistance (RE) probe, as an electrical resistance technique, which can be used as an in-line sensor, which can be used to determine if you must adjust the amount of biocide (for example by manually or automatically adjusting the biocide dosing pumps). In one embodiment, the modified RE probe may be part of a modified RE probe system. In an exemplary embodiment, the RE probe may be equipped with a RE probe and a refrigeration unit, and optionally a temperature measuring device. In one embodiment, the cooling unit allows the formation of condensed water on the surface of the probe. In one embodiment, the modified RE probe, such as a refrigeration unit and temperature measuring device, may be in communication with a computer system, which for example includes an online data collection system, a data interpretation system , a control system for the refrigeration unit, and the like. In one embodiment, the modified RE probe may include one of the RE probes sold by CAPROCO or ROXAR.

In an exemplary embodiment, the modified RE probe can use the electrical resistance technique as an "in-line" method to monitor the rate of corrosion and metal loss for equipment that includes one or more metal structures or components of the probe. RE, including the Re probe, an appropriate measurement system to measure the electrical resistance of the element. The reduction (loss of metal) in the cross section of the RE probe element due to corrosion increases the electrical resistance of the elements. Measurements that show an increase in electrical resistance indicate that the element is corroding, which may be due to the interaction of the oxidizing biocide with the element. The monitoring of the electrical resistance over a period of time correlates with the corrosion rate. Once the corrosion rate is known, the amount of biocide that is used can be adjusted.

Figure 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the modified RE probe includes a RE probe and a refrigeration unit that includes a structure, preferably a sleeve with an annular cavity disposed or located around the RE probe, so that the surface temperature It can be controlled, and optionally a temperature sensor (not shown) to monitor the temperature. As mentioned above, the RE probe includes one or more elements, the resistance can be determined and / or measured through the electrode by the modified RE probe or the computer system interconnected with the modified RE probe.

In one embodiment there is a cavity between a part or all of the structure and the RE probe. In one embodiment, the distance between the structure and the ER probe can be about 1 mm to 100 cm. In one embodiment, the structure can be contoured so that the cooling medium flows. In one embodiment, the structure may have a cross section that is similar to the cross section of the RE probe. In one embodiment, the structure may have a circular cross section, polygonal cross section or the like. In one embodiment, the structure may include one or more openings so that a cooling medium, for example a gas or a fluid, can flow into and out of the structure cavity. In addition, the refrigeration unit includes an opening for the RE probe such that the sensor (for example, element) of the probe (see rectangular structure in Figure 2) is exposed to the environment around the probe. RE. In one embodiment, the openings can be of the same size or of different sizes (for example circular, polygonal, and the like) and of the order of millimeters to centimeters. In one embodiment, the structure may have 1 to 100 openings. In one embodiment, a flow system may be used to flow the cooling medium and may include flow regulators, piezoelectric systems and the like.

In one embodiment, a surface of the refrigeration unit, which has cooled to a specific temperature, is arranged to be in connection, preferably directly connected (in contact), with a probe surface, thereby cooling the head of the probe and the sensor element. In an alternative embodiment, the refrigeration unit is not in direct contact with the RE probe, so that a cold gas, preferably air, can circulate in the area around the RE probe to control the temperature of the RE probe. . The modified RE probe can also include a temperature sensor to be able to monitor the temperature based on the results produced by the RE probe.

In one embodiment, the temperature sensor may include one or more temperature sensing sensors disposed on or off the modified RE probe. In one embodiment, the temperature measurement sensor (s) may be disposed adjacent to the RE probe to measure the temperature of one or more of the following: the RE probe, the air around the RE probe or the air outside the RE probe.

Figure 2A illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of the modified RE probe (ie, an embodiment of a refrigeration unit is arranged around the RE probe). Figure 2A illustrates an embodiment of a configuration for changing the temperature (for example reducing the temperature) by using the refrigeration unit by flowing a cooling medium through the structure. Figure 2B illustrates a schematic perspective view of an ER probe.

It has been found that an ER probe simply installed in the hottest parts of a paper or cardboard machine may not reliably show the rate and amount of corrosion, since the sensor surface will be too hot and dry. It has been found that the most serious corrosion damage caused by oxidizing biocides appears on those surfaces where condensed water is formed due to the slightly lower surface temperature than in the very hot air surrounding the beginning of a drying section, for example.

The embodiments of the present disclosure can overcome these problems by cooling the measuring head of the ER probe. Although not intended to be limited to any theory, the cooling of the ER probe can create conditions in which a sensor element in the ER probe is sensitive to react to changes in the amount of corrosive chemicals in the air and, therefore, Therefore, it provides information on the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase of the paper machine. In one embodiment, the temperature difference between the air outside the modified RE probe and the surface of the RE probe can be controlled to be approximately 3 to 30 ° C.

It has also been learned that a small temperature change in the measuring surface of the ER probe can influence the measurement results. For example, a malfunction of the cooling system or an involuntary change in the cooling setting could change the temperature of the surface of the ER probe to the point of influencing the formation of condensed water and, therefore, influencing in the measurement. In one embodiment, an automatic valve assembly for a cooling water flow can be controlled and the temperature of the probe surface maintained as a constant. In one embodiment, the temperature variation of the probe surface can be controlled to be approximately 10 ° C or less.

In an exemplary embodiment, this aspect can be resolved by installing an in-line temperature measurement sensor in the modified RE probe. In one embodiment, a change in the vapor phase corrosion rate can be considered as a valid data when the temperature of the sensor head has not changed (for example, a temperature change of about 10 ° C or less or about 3 ° C or less) with respect to adjacent temperature readings. This provides reliable information on changes in the vapor phase corrosion rate and these data can be used to adjust the doses of the oxidizing biocides. For example, if the vapor phase corrosion shows an increased rate for approximately 12 hours compared to the previous 12 hours (and the temperature change is less than 5 or 3 ° C), this may indicate that the dosage of oxidizing biocides it can be reduced (for example at the point closest to the paper machine forming box). This is just an example of the possible time intervals established for the comparison of data, depending on the conditions of the paper machine, the time interval in comparison may be shorter (for example from 1 to 12 hours) or longer (for example increments of 12 hours to one day or increments of 2 or 3 days, or an increase of one week).

In one embodiment, the signals from the modified RE probe and the temperature sensor signals are stored in a computing device (eg software, hardware, or a combination thereof). The computing device can collect, store and analyze the signals, for example the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase and / or the change in the amount of corrosion is calculated using signals from the modified RE probe. In addition, the computing device can also be used for temperature sensor signals, to verify the validity of the vapor phase corrosion rate detected. In one embodiment, the adjustment of the biocidal dosage amounts can be determined from the corrosion data (eg calculated data or untreated data of the modified RE probe). The adjustment can be made automatically, for example initiated by the computing device, or manually, for example initiated by a person. In an embodiment in which manual dosing is used, the computing device is programmed to send an alarm message to a service person who, after receiving a message, for example an increase in the corrosion rate, can go and adjust Manually biocidal dosage amounts at a lower level. In an embodiment for automatic dosing control, a computer device that monitors the signals of the modified RE probe and the temperature sensor can be used to convert information about changes in corrosion data (i.e. amount of corrosion or corrosion rate) in relative changes in the biocidal dosage amounts to the papermaking process. In this sense, the system is fully automated.

With reference to Figure 5, in one embodiment, the modified RE probe system 200 may be in communication with the computing device 10. In particular, the temperature sensor 210 and the cooling unit 220, and the modified RE probe 230, may be in communication with the computing device 10. In an exemplary embodiment, one or more aspects of the measurement method (for example, the measurement application 15) may be implemented using software and / or hardware as described herein. memory.

With reference to Figure 5, there is shown a schematic block diagram of a computing device 10 in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure. The computing device 10 includes at least one processor circuit, which for example has a processor 13 and a memory 16, both coupled with a local interface 19. For this purpose, the computing device 10 can comprise, for example, at least one server computer or a similar device. The local interface 19 may comprise, for example, a data bus with an accompanying address / control bus or other bus structure, as can be seen.

In memory 16 both data and various components that are executable by the processor 13 are stored. In particular, a measurement application 15 and / or other applications are stored in memory 16 and are executable by the processor 13. In memory 16 a data store 12 and other data may also be stored. In addition, in memory 16 an operating system executable by processor 13 may be stored.

It is understood that there may be other applications stored in memory 16 executable by processor 13, as can be seen. When any of the components examined herein is implemented in the form of software, any of a number of programming languages can be used, such as C, C ++, C #, Objective C, Java®, JavaScript®, Perl, PHP , Visual Basic®, Python®, Ruby, Delphi®, Flash®, MATLAB or other programming languages.

In memory 16 a series of software components executable by processor 13 may be stored. In this regard, the term "executable" means a program file that is in a form that can finally be executed by processor 13. Some examples of the executable programs can be, for example, a compiled program that can be translated into machine code in a format that can be loaded into a random access part of memory 16 and executed by processor 13, source code that can be expressed in the suitable format, such as an object code that can be loaded into a random access part of memory 16 and executed by processor 13, or a source code that can be interpreted by another executable program to generate instructions in a random access part of memory 16 to be executed by processor 13, etc. An executable program can be stored in any part or component of memory 16, including, for example, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, solid state drive, USB flash drive, memory card memory, optical disk such as compact disc (CD) or digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, magnetic tape or other memory components.

Memory 16, as defined herein, includes both volatile and non-volatile memory and data storage components. Volatile components are those that do not retain data values in case of power loss. Non-volatile components are those that retain data in case of power loss. Therefore, memory 16 may comprise, for example, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), hard disk drives, solid state drives, USB flash drives, memory cards accessible through a memory card reader, floppy disks accessible through an associated floppy disk drive, optical disks accessible through an optical disk drive, magnetic tapes accessible through an appropriate tape drive and / or other memory components, or a combination of any two or more of these memory components. In addition, RAM can comprise, for example, a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) or a magnetic random access memory (MRAM) and other devices of this type. The ROM may comprise, for example, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or other similar memory device.

In addition, processor 13 may represent multiple processors 13 and memory 16 may represent multiple memories 16 that operate in parallel processing circuits, respectively. In such a case, the local interface 19 may be an appropriate network that facilitates communication between any two of the multiple processors 13, between any processor 13 and any of the memories 16, or between any two of the memories 16, etc. Local interface 19 may comprise additional systems designed to coordinate this communication, including, for example, performing load balancing. The processor 13 can be electric or of some other available construction.

Although the measurement application 15 and other various systems described herein may be performed in software or code executed by general purpose hardware as discussed above, alternatively they may also be performed in dedicated hardware or in a combination of General purpose software / hardware and dedicated hardware . If they are performed on dedicated hardware , each can be implemented as a circuit or state machine that employs any of a number of technologies or a combination of several of them. These technologies may include, but are not limited to, discrete logic circuits that have logic gates to implement various logical functions in an application of one or more data signals, application-specific integrated circuits that have appropriate logic gates, or other components, etc. Such technologies are generally well known to those skilled in the art and, accordingly, are not described in detail herein.

With reference to Figure 6, in an exemplary embodiment, a measurement application 15 can be used to monitor and / or measure vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine. In an exemplary embodiment, a step 32 includes obtaining information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time. In a step 34, the information can be used to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process. Each of these features and others related to vapor phase corrosion monitoring are described in more detail herein, specifically in connection with the discussion on obtaining information.

Although the flowchart of Figure 6 shows a specific order of execution, it is understood that any number of counters, status variables or messages can be added to the logical flow described herein, in order to improve utility, the accounting, performance measurement or provision of troubleshooting aids, etc. It is understood that all these variations are within the scope of this disclosure.

In addition, any logic or application described herein, including measurement application 15 and / or one or more applications comprising software or code, may be incorporated into any non-transient computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with a instruction execution system, such as, for example, a processor 13 in a computer system or other system. In this sense, the logic may comprise, for example, indications that include instructions and statements that can be obtained from the computer-readable medium and that are executed by the instruction execution system. In the context of the present disclosure, a "computer readable medium" may be any means that may contain, store or maintain the logic or application described herein to be used by or in connection with the instruction execution system. The computer-readable medium may comprise any one of many physical media such as, for example, magnetic, optical or semiconductor media. More specific examples of a suitable computer-readable medium would include, among others, magnetic tapes, magnetic diskettes, magnetic hard drives, memory cards, solid state drives, USB flash drives or optical discs. In addition, the computer-readable medium may be a random access memory (RAM) that includes, for example, a static random access memory (SRAM) and a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), or a magnetic random access memory (MRAM) In addition, the computer-readable medium can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , or other type of memory device.

The present invention is further described by the following exemplary embodiments in the form of clauses 1-4.

An exemplary embodiment according to clause 1 describes a method for monitoring the vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine, comprising: obtaining information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time; and use the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process; and adjust the amount of oxidizing biocide on the basis of the information obtained with respect to the corrosion in the vapor phase, where the obtaining of information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time is carried out by means of a computer device; and where the use of the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process is carried out by means of a computer device, and which also comprises: adjusting, by means of the computer device, the amount of biocide oxidizer on the basis of the information obtained with respect to corrosion in the vapor phase, where the obtaining includes the measurement, by means of the computing device, of an electrical resistance of an element in a modified ER probe.

An exemplary embodiment according to clause 2 describes a method for monitoring the vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine, comprising: obtaining information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time; and use the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process; and adjust the amount of oxidizing biocide on the basis of the information obtained with respect to the corrosion in the vapor phase, where the obtaining of information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time is carried out by means of a computer device; and where the use of the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process is carried out by means of a computing device, which also comprises: adjusting, by means of the computing device, the amount of oxidizing biocide on the basis of the information obtained with respect to vapor phase corrosion, and which further comprises: controlling, by means of a computer device, the temperature difference between the air outside a modified RE probe and a surface of a RE probe .

An exemplary embodiment according to clause 3 describes a modified electrical resistance device (RE), comprising: an electrical resistance probe (RE) and a refrigeration unit, the cooling device including a structure arranged around the probe of RE, a cavity being formed between the structure and the RE probe, and the structure including one or more openings, and further comprising a temperature measuring sensor for measuring the temperature of one or more of the following: the RE probe , the air around the RE probe or the air outside the RE probe.

An exemplary embodiment according to clause 4 describes a system, comprising: at least one computing device; and an executable method application in at least one computing device, the method application comprising: a logic that obtains information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time; and a logic that uses the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process, and which also includes: a logic that controls the temperature difference between the air outside a modified RE probe and a surface of an ER probe.

The present invention is further described in more detail by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

A modified Electrical Resistance (RE) probe (Roxar Flow Measurements AS, Norway) modified with a refrigeration unit, with a temperature probe pt and with a data logger was installed in a paper machine that produces almost 150,000 tons of paper per year. data. The exact point of installation was at the beginning of the dryer section, inside the protective doors of the dryer section, in the vapor phase, less than one meter from the paper strip. The sensor element of the RE probe was carbon steel. The surface temperature of the sensor element was reduced and kept constant, around 60 ° C, cooling the water flow. The data logger recorded the temperature and corrosion rate (metal loss) every minute. The data logger was connected to the Internet and allowed remote online monitoring of vapor phase corrosion. The graph shown in Figure 3 illustrates exemplary data on the measured corrosion rate (loss of metal from the sensor element, pm) over a period from December 18 to January 3. In Figure 3 it can be seen that, until December 29, the vapor phase corrosion rate was quite stable, the accumulated loss of metal increased linearly and the average daily loss of metal was approximately 0.3 pm / d . When the biocide doses in the machine were changed after stopping the machine late on December 29, the in-line probe for vapor phase corrosion responded quickly and showed a higher rate of vapor phase corrosion. The temperature measurements are used to validate the data and did not show any significant change in the temperature of the probe (except temporary cooling during machine shutdown), indicating that the corrosion rate varied due to changes in chemistry of the vapor phase. The situation was followed in line and the measurements of the following days confirmed that the corrosion rate actually increased from approximately 0.3 pm / d to a level of approximately 2.0 pm / d, indicating the need to quickly adjust the biocide feed . These measurements demonstrate that with this innovative equipment, the vapor phase corrosion rate of a paper machine can be monitored online, and thanks to its sensitivity, the impact of changes such as the adjustment of the biocide feed can be quickly measured. This information can be used to adjust the biocide dosage to the paper machine, which minimizes the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase proactively before the entire machine shows signs of corrosion.

Example 2

A modified RE probe (configuration similar to that of example 1) was installed in the vapor phase at the beginning of the drier section, near the sixth cylinder, of a cardboard machine that produces almost 160000 tons of cardboard per year. The data logger recorded the corrosion rate (metal loss) every minute. The data logger was connected to the Internet and allowed remote online monitoring of vapor phase corrosion. Figure 4 illustrates a graph showing exemplary data on the measured corrosion rate (loss of metal from the sensor element, pm) over a period of five weeks. In Figure 4 it can be seen that, during the first ten days, the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase was quite high, with an average daily loss of metal of 1.17 pm / d. The biocide program was modified during the shutdown of the machine and, as of the restart of the machine (May 3), the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase was clearly lower, with an average daily loss of metal of 0.25 pm / d. These measurements demonstrate that with this innovative equipment, the vapor phase corrosion rate of a cardboard machine can be monitored online, and thanks to its sensitivity, the impact of changes such as the adjustment of the biocide feed can be quickly measured. In this case it could be demonstrated in a single day that the change in the biocide program resulted in greater safety against corrosion of real paper machinery.

It should be borne in mind that relationships, concentrations, quantities and other numerical data can be expressed here in an interval format. It is to be understood that said interval format is used for convenience and brevity, and therefore, should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the numerical values explicitly mentioned as the limits of the interval, but also to include all the individual numerical values or subintervals within that range as if each numerical value and subinterval were explicitly mentioned. By way of illustration, it should be interpreted that a concentration range of "about 0.1% to about 5%" not only includes the explicitly mentioned concentration of about 0.1% by weight to about 5% by weight, it also includes individual concentrations (for example, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%) and subintervals (for example, 0.5%, 1.1%, 2.2%, 3.3% and 4 , 4%) within the indicated range. In one embodiment, the term "approximately" may include traditional rounding according to significant numerical value figures. In addition, the phrase "from about 'x' to 'y'" includes "from about 'x' to about 'y'". When an interval includes "zero" and is modified by "about" (for example, from about one to zero or from about zero to one), about zero may include, 0, 0.1, 0.01, or 0.001.

Claims (15)

1. A method for monitoring vapor phase corrosion in a paper or cardboard machine, comprising: obtaining information regarding the vapor phase corrosion rate over a period of time using an in-line sensor; Y use the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process; Y adjust the amount of oxidizing biocide based on the information obtained regarding corrosion in the vapor phase. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the information is obtained using a modified electrical resistance (RE) probe, equipped with a RE probe and a refrigeration unit arranged around the RE probe. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the information is obtained using a temperature measuring sensor to measure the temperature of one or more of the following: the RE probe, the air around the RE probe or the air out of the RE probe. 4. The method of any of claims 2-3, wherein the obtaining includes the measurement of an electrical resistance of an element in the modified RE probe. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein an increase in the electrical resistance of the element over a period of time indicates that the element has undergone a reduction, and in which from the reduction of the element during the period of time a corrosion rate is determined. 6. The method of any of claims 3-5, further comprising: controlling the temperature difference between the air outside the modified RE probe and the surface of the RE probe. 7. A method of any of claims 1-6, wherein Obtaining information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time using an in-line sensor is carried out by means of a computer device; Y The use of the information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process is done by means of a computing device. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: adjust, by means of the computing device, the amount of oxidizing biocide on the basis of the information obtained regarding corrosion in the vapor phase. 9. A modified electrical resistance device (RE), comprising: an electrical resistance probe (RE) and a refrigeration unit, the cooling device including a structure arranged around the RE probe, a cavity formed between the structure and the RE probe, and the structure including one or more openings . 10. The modified electrical resistance (RE) probe of claim 9, wherein the cooling device is configured to flow a cooling medium into the cavity. 11. The modified electrical resistance (RE) probe of claim 10, wherein the cooling device is directly attached to the RE probe to control the temperature of the RE probe. 12. The modified electrical resistance (RE) probe of claim 10, wherein the cooling device is not directly attached to the RE probe, and the cooling medium is used to control the temperature of the RE probe. 13. A system, comprising: at least one computing device; Y an executable method application in the at least one computing device, the method application comprising: a logic that obtains information regarding the rate of corrosion in the vapor phase over a period of time using an in-line sensor; Y a logic that uses information to determine how to adjust the dosage of an oxidizing biocide in a paper or cardboard manufacturing process. 14. The system of claim 13, further comprising: a logic that adjusts the amount of oxidizing biocide based on the information obtained regarding vapor phase corrosion. 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the obtaining includes a logic that measures an electrical resistance of an element in a modified RE probe.