ES2706765T3 - Assembly of facilities for the production of steel and procedure for the operation of the installation assembly - Google Patents
Assembly of facilities for the production of steel and procedure for the operation of the installation assembly Download PDFInfo
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- ES2706765T3 ES2706765T3 ES14815579T ES14815579T ES2706765T3 ES 2706765 T3 ES2706765 T3 ES 2706765T3 ES 14815579 T ES14815579 T ES 14815579T ES 14815579 T ES14815579 T ES 14815579T ES 2706765 T3 ES2706765 T3 ES 2706765T3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/12—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
- C10B27/06—Conduit details, e.g. valves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/24—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carbonyl group
- C12P7/26—Ketones
- C12P7/28—Acetone-containing products
- C12P7/30—Acetone-containing products produced from substrate containing inorganic compounds other than water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/002—Evacuating and treating of exhaust gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/285—Plants therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/002—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid using an auxiliary fluid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
- C01B2203/043—Regenerative adsorption process in two or more beds, one for adsorption, the other for regeneration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
- C21B2100/28—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/62—Energy conversion other than by heat exchange, e.g. by use of exhaust gas in energy production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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Abstract
Ensamblaje de instalaciones para la producción de acero con un alto horno (1) para la producción de hierro bruto, una acería con convertidor (2) para la producción de acero bruto, un sistema de conducción de gas para gases que se producen durante la producción de hierro bruto y/o la producción de acero bruto y una central eléctrica (3) para la generación de corriente, en donde la central eléctrica (3) está diseñada como central eléctrica con turbinas de gas o central eléctrica con turbinas de gas y turbinas de vapor y se hace funcionar con un gas que comprende al menos una cantidad parcial del gas de tragante (7) que se produce durante la producción de hierro bruto en el alto horno y/o una cantidad parcial del gas de convertidor (9) que se produce en la acería con convertidor (2), caracterizado por que al sistema de conducción de gas está conectada una instalación química (12) y una instalación biotecnológica (13), estando dispuestas la central eléctrica (3), la instalación química (12) y la instalación biotecnológica (13) en cuanto al suministro de gas en una conexión paralela, y por que el sistema de conducción de gas comprende un dispositivo de distribución de gas (14) que puede controlarse operacionalmente para la distribución de los flujos másicos de gas alimentados a la central eléctrica (3), a la instalación química (12) y a la instalación biotecnológica (13).Assembly of facilities for the production of steel with a blast furnace (1) for the production of raw iron, a steel mill with converter (2) for the production of raw steel, a gas conduction system for gases produced during production of raw iron and / or the production of raw steel and a power plant (3) for the generation of current, where the power plant (3) is designed as a power plant with gas turbines or power plant with gas turbines and turbines of steam and is operated with a gas comprising at least a partial amount of the glue gas (7) that is produced during the production of raw iron in the blast furnace and / or a partial amount of the converter gas (9) that It is produced in the steelworks with converter (2), characterized in that a chemical installation (12) and a biotechnological installation (13) are connected to the gas conduction system, the power plant (3) being arranged, the chemical installation (12) and biotechnological installation (13) in terms of the supply of gas in a parallel connection, and because the gas conduction system comprises a gas distribution device (14) that can be operationally controlled for the distribution of the mass gas flows fed to the power plant (3), the chemical installation (12) and the biotechnology installation (13).
Description
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
Ensamblaje de instalaciones para la producción de acero y procedimiento para el funcionamiento del ensamblaje de instalacionesAssembly of facilities for the production of steel and procedure for the operation of the installation assembly
La invención se refiere a un ensamblaje de instalaciones para la producción de acero así como a un procedimiento para el funcionamiento del ensamblaje de instalaciones.The invention relates to an assembly of installations for the production of steel as well as to a method for operating the assembly of installations.
El ensamblaje de instalaciones para la producción de acero comprende un alto horno para la producción de hierro bruto, una acería con convertidor para la producción de acero bruto, un sistema de conducción de gas para gases que se producen durante la producción de hierro bruto y/o la producción de acero bruto, así como una central eléctrica para la generación de corriente. La central eléctrica está diseñada como central eléctrica con turbinas de gas o central eléctrica con turbinas de gas y turbinas de vapor y se hace funcionar con un gas que comprende al menos una cantidad parcial del gas de tragante que se produce durante la producción de hierro bruto en el alto horno y/o una cantidad parcial del gas de convertidor que se produce en la acería con convertidor.The assembly of facilities for the production of steel comprises a blast furnace for the production of crude iron, a steel mill with converter for the production of crude steel, a gas conduction system for gases that are produced during the production of crude iron and / or the production of crude steel, as well as a power plant for the generation of current. The power plant is designed as a power plant with gas turbines or power plant with gas turbines and steam turbines and is operated with a gas comprising at least a partial amount of the trapping gas that is produced during the production of crude iron in the blast furnace and / or a partial quantity of the converter gas that is produced in the steelworks with converter.
En el alto horno se obtiene hierro bruto a partir de menas de hierro, fundentes así como coque y otros agentes de reducción tal como carbono, petróleo, gas, biomasas, residuos de plástico procesados u otras sustancias que contienen carbono y/o hidrógeno. Como productos de las reacciones de reducción se producen inevitablemente CO, CO2, hidrógeno y vapor de agua. Un gas de tragante extraído del proceso de alto horno presenta además de las partes constituyentes mencionadas anteriormente con frecuencia un alto contenido de nitrógeno. La cantidad de gas y la composición del gas de tragante depende de las materias primas y del modo de funcionamiento y está sujeta a oscilaciones. Normalmente, el gas de tragante contiene, sin embargo, del 35 % al 60 % en volumen de N2, del 20 % al 30 % en volumen de CO, del 20 % al 30 % en volumen de CO2 y del 2 % al 15 % en volumen de H2. Aproximadamente del 30 % al 40 % del gas de tragante que se produce durante la producción de hierro bruto se usa generalmente para el calentamiento del aire caliente para el proceso de alto horno en recuperadores; la cantidad de gas de tragante que queda puede usarse en otras zonas de la central para fines de calentamiento o para la generación de corriente.In the blast furnace, crude iron is obtained from iron ores, fluxes as well as coke and other reducing agents such as carbon, oil, gas, biomass, processed plastic waste or other substances containing carbon and / or hydrogen. The products of the reduction reactions inevitably produce CO, CO2, hydrogen and water vapor. A trapping gas extracted from the blast furnace process has, in addition to the above-mentioned constituent parts, often a high nitrogen content. The amount of gas and composition of the exhaust gas depends on the raw materials and the mode of operation and is subject to oscillations. Normally, the exhaust gas contains, however, from 35% to 60% by volume of N2, from 20% to 30% by volume of CO, from 20% to 30% by volume of CO2 and from 2% to 15% in volume of H2. Approximately 30% to 40% of the exhaust gas produced during the production of crude iron is generally used for heating the hot air for the blast furnace process in recuperators; the amount of exhaust gas that remains can be used in other areas of the plant for heating purposes or for current generation.
En la acería con convertidor, que está conectada posteriormente al proceso de alto horno, se transforma hierro bruto en acero bruto. Mediante soplado desde arriba de oxígeno sobre hierro bruto líquido se separan impurezas perturbadoras tal como carbono, silicio, azufre y fósforo. Dado que los procesos de oxidación originan un fuerte desarrollo de calor, se añade con frecuencia chatarra en cantidades de hasta el 25 % con respecto al hierro bruto como medio de refrigeración. Además se añaden cal para la formación de escoria y agentes de aleación. Del convertidor de acero se extrae un gas de convertidor que presenta un alto contenido de CO y contiene además nitrógeno, hidrógeno y CO2. Una composición típica de gas de convertidor presenta del 50 % al 70 % en volumen de CO, del 10 % al 20 % en volumen de N2, aprox. el 15 % en volumen de CO2 y aprox. el 2 % en volumen de H2. El gas de convertidor o bien se quema o se recoge en acerías modernas y se alimenta a un aprovechamiento energético.In the steel mill with converter, which is connected later to the blast furnace process, crude iron is transformed into crude steel. By blowing from above oxygen over liquid crude iron, disturbing impurities such as carbon, silicon, sulfur and phosphorus are separated. Since the oxidation processes cause a strong heat development, scrap is often added in amounts of up to 25% with respect to the crude iron as a cooling medium. In addition, lime is added for the formation of slag and alloying agents. A converter gas with a high CO content is extracted from the steel converter and also contains nitrogen, hydrogen and CO2. A typical converter gas composition has 50% to 70% by volume of CO, from 10% to 20% by volume of N2, approx. 15% by volume of CO2 and approx. 2% by volume of H2. The converter gas either burns or is collected in modern steelworks and is fed to an energetic use.
El ensamblaje de instalaciones puede hacerse funcionar opcionalmente en unión con una coquería. En este caso, el ensamblaje de instalaciones descrito anteriormente comprende adicionalmente una instalación de horno de coque, en la que se transforma carbón mediante un proceso de coquización en coque. Durante la coquización de carbón para dar coque se produce un gas de horno de coque que contiene un alto contenido de hidrógeno y cantidades considerables de CH4. Normalmente contiene el gas de horno de coque del 55 % al 70 % en volumen de H2, del 20 % al 30 % en volumen de CH4, del 5 % al 10 % en volumen de N2 y del 5 % al 10 % en volumen de CO. Adicionalmente, el gas de horno de coque presenta proporciones de CO2, NH3 y H2S. En la práctica se usa el gas de horno de coque en distintas zonas de la central para fines de calentamiento y en el proceso de la central eléctrica para la generación de corriente. Además se conoce usar gas de horno de coque junto con gas de tragante o con gas de convertidor para la producción de gases de síntesis. De acuerdo con un procedimiento conocido por el documento WO 2010/136313 A1 se separa gas de horno de coque en un flujo de gas rico en hidrógeno y un flujo de gas residual que contiene CH4 y CO, alimentándose el flujo de gas residual al proceso de alto horno y mezclándose el flujo de gas rico en hidrógeno con gas de tragante y procesándose posteriormente para dar un gas de síntesis. Por el documento EP 0200880 A2 se conoce mezclar gas de convertidor y gas de horno de coque y usarlo como gas de síntesis para una síntesis de metanol. Por el documento WO 00/05421 se conoce usar gas de alto horno para hacer funcionar una central eléctrica, una instalación química y una instalación biotecnológica.The assembly of facilities can be operated optionally in conjunction with a coking plant. In this case, the assembly of installations described above additionally comprises a coke oven installation, in which coal is transformed by a coking process in coke. During the coking of coal to coke a coke oven gas is produced which contains a high hydrogen content and considerable amounts of CH4. Normally it contains the coke oven gas from 55% to 70% by volume of H2, from 20% to 30% by volume of CH4, from 5% to 10% by volume of N2 and from 5% to 10% by volume of CO. Additionally, the coke oven gas has proportions of CO2, NH3 and H2S. In practice, coke oven gas is used in different areas of the plant for heating purposes and in the process of the power plant for the generation of current. It is also known to use coke oven gas together with exhaust gas or with converter gas for the production of synthesis gases. According to a process known from WO 2010/136313 A1, coke oven gas is separated in a hydrogen-rich gas stream and a waste gas stream containing CH4 and CO, the waste gas stream being fed to the process of high furnace and mixing the flow of hydrogen-rich gas with trapping gas and subsequently processed to give a synthesis gas. From EP 0200880 A2 it is known to mix converter gas and coke oven gas and use it as a synthesis gas for a methanol synthesis. It is known from WO 00/05421 to use blast furnace gas to operate a power plant, a chemical installation and a biotechnological installation.
En una planta metalúrgica integrada, que se hace funcionar en unión con una coquería, se usan aproximadamente del 40 % al 50 % de los gases brutos que se producen como gas de tragante, gas de convertidor y gas de horno de coque para procesos técnicos de procedimiento. Aproximadamente del 50 % al 60 % de los gases producidos se alimentan a la central eléctrica y se usan para la generación de corriente. La corriente generada en la central eléctrica cubre la demanda de corriente para la producción de hierro bruto y de acero bruto. En el caso ideal se cierra el balance de energía, de modo que partiendo de menas de hierro y carbono en forma de carbón y coque como portadores de energía no es necesario ninguna entrada adicional de energía y salvo acero bruto y escoria no abandona ningún producto el ensamblaje de instalaciones. In an integrated metallurgical plant, which is operated in conjunction with a coke oven, approximately 40% to 50% of the gross gases that are produced as trapping gas, converter gas and coke oven gas are used for technical processes of process. Approximately 50% to 60% of the gases produced are fed to the power plant and used for current generation. The current generated in the power plant covers the current demand for the production of crude iron and crude steel. In the ideal case, the energy balance is closed, so that starting from iron ore and carbon in the form of coal and coke as energy carriers, no additional energy input is necessary and, except for crude steel and slag, no product is left behind. assembly of facilities.
Ante este hecho, la invención se basa en el objetivo de mejorar adicionalmente la rentabilidad del proceso total e indicar un ensamblaje de instalaciones con el que sea posible reducir los costes para la producción de acero.In view of this fact, the invention is based on the objective of further improving the profitability of the total process and indicating an assembly of facilities with which it is possible to reduce the costs for steel production.
Partiendo de un ensamblaje de instalaciones para la producción de acero con un alto horno para la producción de hierro bruto, una acería con convertidor para la producción de acero bruto, un sistema de conducción de gas para gases, que se producen durante la producción de hierro bruto y/o la producción de acero bruto, y una central eléctrica para la generación de corriente están conectadas al sistema de conducción de gas de acuerdo con la invención una instalación química y una instalación biotecnológica, estando dispuestas la central eléctrica, la instalación química y la instalación biotecnológica en cuanto al suministro de gas en una conexión paralela. El sistema de conducción de gas comprende de acuerdo con la invención un dispositivo de distribución de gas que puede controlarse operacionalmente para la distribución de los flujos másicos de gas alimentados a la central eléctrica, a la instalación química y a la instalación biotecnológica. Ciertas configuraciones ventajosas del ensamblaje de instalaciones de acuerdo con la invención se describen en las reivindicaciones 2 a 4.Starting from an assembly of facilities for the production of steel with a blast furnace for the production of crude iron, a steel mill with converter for the production of crude steel, a gas conduction system for gases, which are produced during iron production gross and / or crude steel production, and a power plant for the generation of current are connected to the gas conduction system according to the invention a chemical installation and a biotechnological installation, the power plant being arranged, the chemical installation and the biotechnological installation regarding the supply of gas in a parallel connection. The gas conduction system comprises, according to the invention, a gas distribution device that can be controlled operationally for the distribution of the mass gas flows fed to the power plant, to the chemical installation and to the biotechnological installation. Certain advantageous configurations of the assembly of installations according to the invention are described in claims 2 to 4.
Es objetivo de la invención también un procedimiento según la reivindicación 5 para el funcionamiento de un ensamblaje de instalaciones que presenta un alto horno para la producción de hierro bruto, una acería con convertidor, una instalación química, una instalación biotecnológica y una central eléctrica. De acuerdo con el procedimiento de acuerdo con la invención se usa al menos una cantidad parcial del gas de tragante que se produce durante la producción de hierro bruto en el alto horno y/o una cantidad parcial del gas de convertidor que se produce durante la producción de acero bruto como gas útil para el funcionamiento de la central eléctrica, de la instalación química y de la instalación biotecnológica. Un primer flujo parcial del gas útil se alimenta a la instalación química y se usa tras un procesamiento de gas como gas de síntesis para la preparación de productos químicos. Un segundo flujo parcial del gas útil se usa en la central eléctrica para la generación de corriente. Un tercer flujo parcial del gas útil se alimenta a la instalación biotecnológica y se usa para procesos bioquímicos. El tercer flujo parcial puede usarse con o sin procesamiento de gas para procesos bioquímicos. En el caso de una modificación del flujo de gas alimentado a la central eléctrica se modifican de manera alterna el segundo flujo parcial y el tercer flujo parcial del gas útil, de modo que puede hacerse funcionar la instalación química con una cantidad de flujo parcial del gas útil, que está expuesta a oscilaciones operacionales más bajas que el flujo parcial de gas útil usado en la instalación biotecnológica. De manera conveniente se regula el tercer flujo parcial de gas útil de modo que el primer flujo parcial de gas útil usado en la instalación química permanezca constante con un intervalo de oscilación de ± 20 %.The object of the invention is also a method according to claim 5 for the operation of an assembly of facilities that has a blast furnace for the production of crude iron, a steel mill with converter, a chemical installation, a biotechnological installation and a power plant. According to the process according to the invention at least a partial amount of the trapping gas that is produced during the production of crude iron in the blast furnace and / or a partial quantity of the converter gas that is produced during the production is used. of crude steel as useful gas for the operation of the power plant, the chemical installation and the biotechnological installation. A first partial flow of the useful gas is fed to the chemical installation and is used after gas processing as synthesis gas for the preparation of chemical products. A second partial flow of the useful gas is used in the power plant for the generation of current. A third partial flow of useful gas is fed to the biotechnological installation and used for biochemical processes. The third partial flow can be used with or without gas processing for biochemical processes. In the case of a modification of the gas flow fed to the power plant, the second partial flow and the third partial flow of the useful gas alternate, so that the chemical plant can be operated with a partial flow quantity of the gas useful, that is exposed to operational oscillations lower than the partial flow of useful gas used in the biotechnological installation. Conveniently, the third partial flow of useful gas is regulated so that the first partial flow of useful gas used in the chemical installation remains constant with an oscillation interval of ± 20%.
En la instalación química se generan productos químicos a partir de un gas de síntesis, que contienen en cada caso los componentes del producto de partida. Los productos químicos pueden ser por ejemplo amoníaco o metanol o también otros compuestos de hidrocarburo.In the chemical installation chemical products are generated from a synthesis gas, which contain in each case the components of the starting product. The chemical products can be, for example, ammonia or methanol or else other hydrocarbon compounds.
Con una instalación biotecnológica se quiere decir una instalación para la fermentación de gas de síntesis, que contiene CO y H2 como partes constituyentes principales. A partir de este gas de síntesis pueden generarse igualmente compuestos de hidrocarburo, por ejemplo etanol, acetona y similares. Sin embargo, la proporción de hidrógeno procede a este respecto esencialmente de agua, que se usa como medio en la fermentación. Para la preparación del gas de síntesis se requiere por tanto un gas que presenta una proporción alta de CO. Preferentemente se usa gas de convertidor o un gas mixto del gas de convertidor y gas de tragante.With a biotechnological installation it is meant an installation for the synthesis gas fermentation, which contains CO and H2 as main constituent parts. Hydrocarbon compounds can also be generated from this synthesis gas, for example ethanol, acetone and the like. However, the proportion of hydrogen in this respect essentially comes from water, which is used as a medium in fermentation. For the preparation of the synthesis gas, therefore, a gas having a high proportion of CO is required. Preferably, converter gas or a mixed gas of converter gas and trapping gas is used.
El flujo parcial de gas útil usado en la central eléctrica para la generación de corriente está sujeto a considerables oscilaciones operacionales. La corriente generada por la central eléctrica cubre una parte de la demanda de corriente del ensamblaje de instalaciones. Adicionalmente se recibe corriente externa, que preferentemente se obtiene completamente o al menos parcialmente de energía renovable y por ejemplo procede de instalaciones eólicas, instalaciones solares, centrales eléctricas geotérmicas, centrales hidroeléctricas, centrales mareomotrices y similares. Para la obtención de un funcionamiento a ser posible económico del ensamblaje de instalaciones se reduce el funcionamiento de la central eléctrica cuando la corriente externa está a disposición en cantidad suficiente y a precios favorables. Cuando la corriente procedente de fuentes regenerativas no está a disposición en medida suficiente o bien la corriente externa tiene un precio más alto que la corriente que puede generarse en la central eléctrica, se acelera la central eléctrica y se usa la parte predominante del gas útil en el proceso de central eléctrica para la generación de corriente. La proporción del gas útil que puede usarse como gas de síntesis para la preparación de productos químicos está sujeta por tanto como resultado a considerables oscilaciones operacionales que se predeterminan mediante el funcionamiento de la central eléctrica.The partial flow of useful gas used in the power plant for the generation of current is subject to considerable operational oscillations. The current generated by the power plant covers part of the current demand of the installation assembly. Additionally, external current is received, which is preferably obtained completely or at least partially from renewable energy and, for example, comes from wind installations, solar installations, geothermal power plants, hydroelectric power stations, tidal power stations and the like. In order to obtain an economical operation of the installation assembly, the operation of the power plant is reduced when the external current is available in sufficient quantity and at favorable prices. When the current from regenerative sources is not sufficiently available or the external current has a higher price than the current that can be generated in the power plant, the power plant is accelerated and the predominant part of the useful gas is used in the process of power plant for the generation of current. The proportion of the useful gas that can be used as synthesis gas for the preparation of chemical products is therefore subject to considerable operational oscillations that are predetermined by the operation of the power plant.
La regulación dinámica de una instalación química con cambios de carga es técnicamente costosa. El problema de que una instalación química accionada en unión con una central eléctrica no pueda reaccionar antes el cambio de carga de la central eléctrica de manera suficientemente flexible, se soluciona de acuerdo con la invención debido a que con un cambio de carga de la central eléctrica se adapta en primer lugar solo la potencia de la instalación biotecnológica y que se modifican de manera alterna el flujo parcial de gas útil determinado para la instalación biotecnológica y el flujo parcial de gas útil usado en la central eléctrica, de modo que puede hacerse funcionar la instalación química con una cantidad de flujo parcial del gas útil, que está expuesta a oscilaciones operacionales esencialmente más bajas que el flujo parcial de gas útil usado en la instalación biotecnológica. La enseñanza de acuerdo con la invención aprovecha a este respecto que una instalación biotecnológica es esencialmente más flexible en cuanto al cambio de carga en comparación con una instalación química. The dynamic regulation of a chemical installation with load changes is technically costly. The problem that a chemical installation operated in conjunction with a power plant can not react before the change of load of the power plant sufficiently flexible, is solved according to the invention because with a change of load of the power plant First, only the power of the biotechnological installation is adapted and that the partial flow of useful gas determined for the biotechnological installation and the partial flow of useful gas used in the power plant are alternately modified, so that the chemical installation with a partial flow quantity of the useful gas, which is exposed to operational oscillations essentially lower than the partial flow of useful gas used in the biotechnological installation. The teaching according to the invention takes advantage in this respect that a biotechnological installation is essentially more flexible in terms of load change compared to a chemical installation.
De acuerdo con una realización preferente de la invención, el ensamblaje de instalaciones comprende adicionalmente una instalación de horno de coque. Cuando la producción de hierro bruto y la producción de acero bruto se hace funcionar en unión con una coquería, puede mezclarse una cantidad parcial del gas de tragante que se produce durante la producción de hierro bruto y/o una cantidad parcial del gas de convertidor que se produce en la acería con convertidor con una cantidad parcial del gas de horno de coque que se produce en la instalación de horno de coque y puede usarse el gas mixto como gas útil. Para la producción de un gas de síntesis, por ejemplo para la síntesis de amoníaco, puede usarse como gas bruto una mezcla de gas de horno de coque y gas de tragante o un gas mixto de gas de horno de coque, gas de convertidor y gas de tragante. Para la preparación de compuestos de hidrocarburo es adecuado un gas mixto de gas de horno de coque y gas de convertidor o un gas mixto de gas de horno de coque, gas de convertidor y gas de tragante.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the installation assembly additionally comprises a coke oven installation. When the production of crude iron and the production of crude steel is operated in conjunction with a coker, a partial amount of the exhaust gas produced during the production of crude iron and / or a partial amount of the converter gas can be mixed. It is produced in the converter mill with a partial quantity of the coke oven gas that is produced in the coke oven installation and the mixed gas can be used as the useful gas. For the production of a synthesis gas, for example for the synthesis of ammonia, a mixture of coke oven gas and waste gas or a mixed gas of coke oven gas, converter gas and gas can be used as raw gas. of tragante. For the preparation of hydrocarbon compounds, a mixed gas of coke oven gas and converter gas or a mixed gas of coke oven gas, converter gas and exhaust gas is suitable.
Para el funcionamiento de la instalación biotecnológica se usa preferentemente gas de convertidor, gas de tragante o un gas mixto de estos dos componentes de gas. El gas de horno de coque no es adecuado o es menos adecuado para el proceso biotécnico. En este sentido puede ser conveniente usar en la instalación química y en la instalación biotecnológica flujos de gas útil que se diferencian en cuanto a su composición.For the operation of the biotechnological installation, converter gas, trapping gas or a mixed gas of these two gas components is preferably used. The coke oven gas is not suitable or is less suitable for the biotechnical process. In this sense, it may be convenient to use useful gas flows in the chemical installation and in the biotechnological installation, which differ in their composition.
Los gases brutos - gas de horno de coque, gas de convertidor y/o gas de tragante - pueden procesarse individualmente o en combinación como gas mixto y entonces pueden usarse como gas de síntesis en la instalación química y la instalación biotecnológica. El procesamiento en particular de gas de horno de coque comprende una purificación de gas para la separación de sustancias constitutivas perturbadoras, en particular alquitrán, azufre y compuestos de azufre, hidrocarburos aromáticos (BTX) e hidrocarburos de alto punto de ebullición. Para la preparación del gas de síntesis es necesario además un acondicionamiento del gas. En el contexto del acondicionamiento del gas se modifica la proporción de los componentes CO, CO2, H2 dentro del gas bruto. El acondicionamiento del gas comprende por ejemplo una adsorción por cambio de presión para la separación y enriquecimiento de H2 y/o una reacción de desplazamiento de agua-gas para la conversión de CO en hidrógeno y/o un reformador de vapor para la conversión de la proporción de CH4 en CO e hidrógeno en el gas de horno de coque. El primer flujo parcial del gas útil usado en la instalación química puede enriquecerse con hidrógeno, que se genera en una instalación conectada. La producción de hidrógeno se realiza preferentemente mediante electrolisis de agua, pudiendo hacerse funcionar la electrolisis de agua con corriente eléctrica procedente de fuentes regenerativas. Durante la electrolisis de agua se produce también oxígeno que puede usarse en el alto horno para la producción de hierro bruto y/o en la acería con convertidor para la producción de acero bruto.The raw gases - coke oven gas, converter gas and / or exhaust gas - can be processed individually or in combination as a mixed gas and can then be used as synthesis gas in the chemical installation and the biotechnological installation. The particular processing of coke oven gas comprises a gas purification for the separation of interfering constituents, in particular tar, sulfur and sulfur compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons (BTX) and high boiling point hydrocarbons. For the preparation of the synthesis gas, a gas conditioning is also necessary. In the context of gas conditioning, the proportion of the CO, CO2, H2 components in the raw gas is modified. The gas conditioning comprises, for example, a pressure change adsorption for the separation and enrichment of H2 and / or a water-gas displacement reaction for the conversion of CO to hydrogen and / or a steam reformer for the conversion of the proportion of CH4 in CO and hydrogen in the coke oven gas. The first partial flow of the useful gas used in the chemical installation can be enriched with hydrogen, which is generated in a connected installation. The production of hydrogen is preferably carried out by electrolysis of water, the electrolysis of water being operable with electric current from regenerative sources. During the electrolysis of water, oxygen is also produced that can be used in the blast furnace for the production of crude iron and / or in the steel mill with converter for the production of crude steel.
Bajo la invención se encuentra además el uso de una instalación química en unión con una instalación biotecnológica para el acoplamiento a una planta metalúrgica según la reivindicación 14.The invention also includes the use of a chemical installation in conjunction with a biotechnological installation for coupling to a metallurgical plant according to claim 14.
A continuación se explica la invención por medio de un dibujo que representa únicamente un ejemplo de realización. Muestran esquemáticamenteThe invention is explained below by means of a drawing that represents only one embodiment. They show schematically
la figura 1 un diagrama de bloques muy simplificado de un ensamblaje de instalaciones para la producción de acero con un alto horno para la producción de hierro bruto y una acería con convertidor para la producción de acero bruto, una central eléctrica, una instalación química y una instalación biotecnológica,Figure 1 a very simplified block diagram of an assembly of facilities for the production of steel with a blast furnace for the production of crude iron and a steel mill with converter for the production of crude steel, a power plant, a chemical installation and a biotechnological installation,
la figura 2 el diagrama de bloques muy simplificado de un ensamblaje de instalaciones, que comprende adicionalmente a un alto horno para la producción de hierro bruto, una acería con convertidor para la producción de acero bruto, una central eléctrica, una instalación química y una instalación biotecnológica también una instalación de horno de coque,2 shows the highly simplified block diagram of an assembly of installations, which additionally comprises a blast furnace for the production of crude iron, a steel mill with converter for the production of crude steel, a power plant, a chemical installation and an installation biotechnological also a coke oven installation,
El ensamblaje de instalaciones representado en la figura 1 para la producción de acero comprende un alto horno 1 para la producción de hierro bruto, una acería con convertidor 2 para la producción de acero bruto y una central eléctrica 3 para la generación de corriente.The assembly of installations represented in figure 1 for the production of steel comprises a blast furnace 1 for the production of crude iron, a steel mill with converter 2 for the production of crude steel and a power plant 3 for the generation of current.
En el alto horno 1 se obtiene hierro bruto 6 esencialmente a partir de mena de hierro 4 y agentes de reducción 5, en particular coque y carbón. Mediante reacciones de reducción se produce un gas de tragante 7, que contiene como partes constituyentes principales nitrógeno, CO, CO2 y una baja proporción de H2. En la acería con convertidor 2, que está conectada posteriormente al proceso de alto horno, se convierte hierro bruto 6 en acero bruto 8. Mediante soplado desde arriba de oxígeno sobre hierro bruto líquido se separan impurezas perturbadoras, en particular carbono, silicio y fósforo. Para el enfriamiento pude alimentarse chatarra en cantidades de hasta el 25 % con respecto a la cantidad de hierro bruto. Además se añaden cal para la formación de escoria y agentes de aleación. En la cabeza del convertidor se extrae un gas de convertidor 9, que presenta una proporción muy alta de CO.In the furnace 1, crude iron 6 is obtained essentially from iron ore 4 and reducing agents 5, in particular coke and coal. By means of reduction reactions a trapping gas 7 is produced, which contains as main constituent parts nitrogen, CO, CO2 and a low proportion of H2. In the steel mill with converter 2, which is connected subsequently to the blast furnace process, crude iron 6 is converted into crude steel 8. By blowing from above oxygen onto liquid crude iron, disturbing impurities are separated, in particular carbon, silicon and phosphorus. For the cooling, scrap could be fed in amounts of up to 25% with respect to the amount of crude iron. In addition, lime is added for the formation of slag and alloying agents. At the top of the converter, a converter gas 9 is extracted, which has a very high proportion of CO.
La central eléctrica 3 está diseñada como central eléctrica con turbinas de gas o central eléctrica con turbinas de gas y turbinas de vapor y se hace funcionar con un gas que comprende al menos una cantidad parcial del gas de tragante 7 que se produce durante la producción de hierro bruto en el alto horno 1 y una cantidad parcial del gas de convertidor 9 que se produce en la acería con convertidor 2. Para la conducción de los gases está previsto un sistema de conducción de gas.The power plant 3 is designed as a power plant with gas turbines or power plant with gas turbines and steam turbines and is operated with a gas comprising at least a partial amount of the exhaust gas 7 that is produced during the production of the gas. raw iron in the blast furnace 1 and a partial quantity of the converter gas 9 that is produced in the steelworks with converter 2. For the conduction of the gases a gas conduction system.
De acuerdo con un equilibrio total representado en la figura 1 se alimenta al ensamblaje de instalaciones carbono como agente de reducción 5 en forma de carbón y coque así como mena de hierro 4. Como productos se producen acero bruto 8 y gases brutos 7 y 9, que se diferencian en cantidad, composición, valor calorífico y pureza y se usan de nuevo en distintos puntos en el ensamblaje de instalaciones. En caso de una consideración total se reconduce del 40 % al 50 %, en la mayoría de los casos aproximadamente el 45 %, de los gases brutos 7 y 9 de nuevo al proceso metalúrgico para la producción de hierro bruto o producción de acero bruto. Entre el 50 % y el 60 %, en la mayoría de los casos aproximadamente el 55 %, de los gases brutos 7 y 9 puede usarse para el funcionamiento de la central eléctrica 3.According to a total equilibrium represented in FIG. 1, the assembly of carbon facilities is fed as reducing agent 5 in the form of coal and coke as well as iron ore 4. As products crude steel 8 and crude gases 7 and 9 are produced, They differ in quantity, composition, calorific value and purity and are used again at different points in the assembly of facilities. In case of total consideration, 40% to 50%, in most cases approximately 45%, of the raw gases 7 and 9 are redirected back to the metallurgical process for the production of crude iron or crude steel production. Between 50% and 60%, in most cases approximately 55%, of the raw gases 7 and 9 can be used for the operation of the power plant 3.
De acuerdo con la representación en la figura 1 comprende el ensamblaje de instalaciones adicionalmente una instalación química 12 y una instalación biotecnológica 13, estando dispuestas la central eléctrica 3, la instalación química 12 y la instalación biotecnológica 13 en cuanto al suministro de gas en una conexión paralela. El sistema de conducción de gas presenta un dispositivo de distribución de gas 14 que puede controlarse operacionalmente para la distribución de los flujos másicos de gas alimentados a la central eléctrica 3, a la instalación química 12 y a la instalación biotecnológica 13. En dirección de flujo delante del dispositivo de distribución de gas 14 puede estar presente un dispositivo de mezclado 21 para la preparación de un gas mixto que está constituido por gas de tragante 7, gas de convertidor 9.According to the representation in figure 1, the installation assembly comprises, additionally, a chemical installation 12 and a biotechnological installation 13, the power plant 3 being arranged, the chemical installation 12 and the biotechnological installation 13 as regards the gas supply in a connection parallel. The gas conduction system has a gas distribution device 14 that can be controlled operationally for the distribution of the mass gas flows fed to the power plant 3, to the chemical installation 12 and to the biotechnological installation 13. In the forward flow direction from the gas distribution device 14 a mixing device 21 can be present for the preparation of a mixed gas which is constituted by exhaust gas 7, converter gas 9.
El gas de tragante 7 y el gas de convertidor 9 pueden combinarse entre sí de manera discrecional. La combinación de los flujos de gas 7, 9 depende del gas de síntesis deseado o bien del producto que debe prepararse en la instalación química 12. En el contexto de la invención se encuentra también que se alimenta un flujo de gas a la instalación biotecnológica 13, cuya composición se diferencia de la composición de gas usada en la instalación química 12.The exhaust gas 7 and the converter gas 9 can be combined with each other in a discretional manner. The combination of the gas flows 7, 9 depends on the desired synthesis gas or on the product to be prepared in the chemical installation 12. In the context of the invention it is also found that a gas flow is fed to the biotechnological installation 13. , whose composition differs from the gas composition used in the chemical installation 12.
En el ensamblaje de instalaciones representado en la figura 1 se usa al menos una cantidad parcial del gas de tragante 7 que se produce durante la producción de hierro bruto en el alto horno 3 y/o una cantidad parcial del gas de convertidor 9 que se produce durante la producción de acero bruto para el funcionamiento de la central eléctrica 3, de la instalación química 12 y de la instalación biotecnológica 13. Un primer flujo parcial 15.1 del gas útil se alimenta a la instalación química 12 y tras un procesamiento de gas se usa como gas de síntesis para la preparación de productos químicos. Un segundo flujo parcial 15.2 del gas útil se usa en la central eléctrica 3 para la generación de corriente. Un tercer flujo parcial 15.3 del gas útil se alimenta a la instalación biotecnológica 13 y se usa para procesos bioquímicos.In the assembly of installations shown in FIG. 1, at least a partial amount of the exhaust gas 7 which is produced during the production of crude iron in the blast furnace 3 and / or a partial quantity of the converter gas 9 produced is used. during the production of crude steel for the operation of the power plant 3, of the chemical installation 12 and of the biotechnological installation 13. A first partial flow 15.1 of the useful gas is fed to the chemical installation 12 and after a gas processing is used as synthesis gas for the preparation of chemical products. A second partial flow 15.2 of the useful gas is used in the power plant 3 for the generation of current. A third partial flow 15.3 of the useful gas is fed to the biotechnological installation 13 and used for biochemical processes.
Para cubrir la demanda de corriente del ensamblaje de instalaciones se recurre a corriente recibida externamente 16 y corriente de la central eléctrica 17, que se genera por la central eléctrica 3 del ensamblaje de instalaciones. La corriente recibida externamente 16 preferentemente se obtiene completamente o al menos parcialmente de energía renovable y procede de instalaciones eólicas, instalaciones solares, centrales hidroeléctricas y similares. Para la obtención de un funcionamiento a ser posible económico del ensamblaje de instalaciones se compra corriente en momentos de previo de corriente bajo como corriente externa 16 y se reduce el proceso de central eléctrica para el suministro de corriente. En momentos de precio de corriente alto se aumenta el flujo parcial 15.2 del gas útil usado en la central eléctrica 3 para la generación de corriente.To cover the current demand of the assembly of facilities, recourse is had to externally received current 16 and current from power station 17, which is generated by power plant 3 of the installation assembly. The externally received current 16 is preferably obtained completely or at least partially from renewable energy and comes from wind installations, solar installations, hydroelectric power stations and the like. In order to obtain an economically possible operation of the assembly of facilities, current is purchased in moments of low current precurrent as external current 16 and the process of power plant for the supply of current is reduced. In times of high current price the partial flow 15.2 of the useful gas used in the power plant 3 is increased for the generation of current.
En el caso de una modificación del flujo de gas alimentado a la central eléctrica 3 se modifican de manera alterna el segundo flujo parcial 15.2 y el tercer flujo parcial 15.3 del gas útil, de modo que puede hacerse funcionar la instalación química 12 con una cantidad de flujo parcial 15.1 del gas útil, que está expuesta a oscilaciones operacionales más bajas que el flujo parcial de gas útil 15.3 usado en la instalación biotecnológica 13. El tercer flujo parcial de gas útil 15.3 se regula de manera conveniente de modo que el primer flujo parcial de gas útil 15.1 usado en la instalación química 12 permanezca constante con un intervalo de oscilación de ± 20 %.In the case of a modification of the gas flow fed to the power plant 3, the second partial flow 15.2 and the third partial flow 15.3 of the useful gas are alternately modified, so that the chemical installation 12 can be operated with an amount of partial flow 15.1 of the useful gas, which is exposed to lower operational oscillations than the partial flow of useful gas 15.3 used in the biotechnological installation 13. The third partial flow of useful gas 15.3 is conveniently regulated so that the first partial flow of useful gas 15.1 used in the chemical installation 12 remain constant with an oscillation interval of ± 20%.
En el ejemplo de realización de la figura 2 comprende el ensamblaje de instalaciones adicionalmente una instalación de horno de coque 18. Durante la coquización de carbón para dar coque se produce gas de horno de coque 20, que contiene una proporción alta de hidrógeno y CH4. Pueden usarse partes del gas de horno de coque 20 para el calentamiento de los recuperadores en el alto horno 1. El sistema de conducción de gas incluye una distribución de gas para el gas de horno de coque 20. En dirección de flujo delante del dispositivo de distribución de gas 14 puede estar presente un dispositivo de mezclado 21 para la preparación de un gas mixto que está constituido por gas de tragante 7, gas de convertidor 9 y gas de horno de coque 20.In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2, the installation assembly comprises, additionally, a coke oven installation 18. During the coking of coal to coke, coke oven gas 20 is produced, which contains a high proportion of hydrogen and CH 4. Parts of the coke oven gas 20 can be used for heating the recuperators in the blast furnace 1. The gas conduction system includes a gas distribution for the coke oven gas 20. In the flow direction in front of the device gas distribution 14 may be present a mixing device 21 for the preparation of a mixed gas which is constituted by exhaust gas 7, converter gas 9 and coke oven gas 20.
El gas de tragante 7, el gas de convertidor 9 y el gas de horno de coque 20 pueden combinarse entre sí de manera discrecional. La combinación de los flujos de gas 7, 9, 20 depende del gas de síntesis deseado o bien del producto que debe prepararse en la instalación química 12. En el contexto de la invención se encuentra también que se alimenta un flujo de gas a la instalación biotecnológica 13, cuya composición se diferencia de la composición de gas usada en la instalación química 12.The exhaust gas 7, the converter gas 9 and the coke oven gas 20 can be combined with each other in a discretional manner. The combination of the gas flows 7, 9, 20 depends on the desired synthesis gas or on the product to be prepared in the chemical installation 12. In the context of the invention it is also found that a gas flow is fed to the installation biotechnology 13, whose composition differs from the gas composition used in the chemical installation 12.
También en el concepto de instalación representado en la figura 2 se alimenta un primer flujo parcial 15.1 del gas útil de la instalación química 12 y tras un procesamiento de gas se usa como gas de síntesis para la preparación de productos químicos. Un segundo flujo parcial 15.2 del gas útil se usa en la central eléctrica 3 para la generación de corriente. Un tercer flujo parcial 15.3 del gas útil se alimenta a la instalación biotecnológica 13 y se usa para procesos bioquímicos. En el caso de una modificación del flujo de gas alimentado a la central eléctrica 3 se modifican de manera alterna el segundo flujo parcial 15.2 y el tercer flujo parcial 15.3 del gas útil, de modo que puede hacerse funcionar la instalación química 12 con una cantidad de flujo parcial 15.1 del gas útil, que está expuesta a oscilaciones operacionales más bajas que el flujo parcial de gas útil 15.3 usado en la instalación biotecnológica.Also in the installation concept shown in FIG. 2, a first partial flow 15.1 of the useful gas is fed. of the chemical installation 12 and after gas processing is used as synthesis gas for the preparation of chemical products. A second partial flow 15.2 of the useful gas is used in the power plant 3 for the generation of current. A third partial flow 15.3 of the useful gas is fed to the biotechnological installation 13 and used for biochemical processes. In the case of a modification of the gas flow fed to the power plant 3, the second partial flow 15.2 and the third partial flow 15.3 of the useful gas are alternately modified, so that the chemical installation 12 can be operated with an amount of Partial flow 15.1 of the useful gas, which is exposed to operational oscillations lower than the partial flow of useful gas 15.3 used in the biotechnological installation.
El flujo parcial 15.1 del gas útil usado en la instalación química 12 puede enriquecerse además con hidrógeno 22, que se genera en una instalación conectada prevista opcionalmente para la producción de hidrógeno 23. The partial flow 15.1 of the useful gas used in the chemical installation 12 can be further enriched with hydrogen 22, which is generated in a connected installation optionally provided for the production of hydrogen 23.
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DE102013113958.2A DE102013113958A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2013-12-12 | Plant network for steelmaking and process for operating the plant network |
PCT/EP2014/003316 WO2015086150A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2014-12-11 | Combined system for producing steel and method for operating the combined system |
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DE102013113933A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Process for the production of synthesis gas in association with a metallurgical plant |
DE102013113921A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Plant network for steelmaking and process for operating the plant network |
DE102013113958A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Plant network for steelmaking and process for operating the plant network |
DE102013113950A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Plant network for steelmaking and process for operating the plant network |
DE102013113913A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Plant network for steelmaking and process for operating the plant network |
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DE102018209042A1 (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-12 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Plant network for steel production and a process for operating the plant network. |
DE102018212015A1 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-01-23 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | System group for steel production and a method for operating the system group |
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KR102226641B1 (en) | 2021-03-11 |
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AU2019203801A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
CN113073161A (en) | 2021-07-06 |
AU2014361205A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
RU2710492C1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
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CA2930451C (en) | 2021-08-03 |
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MX2016006970A (en) | 2017-01-20 |
US20160326605A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
KR20160097211A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
EP3080306B1 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
PL3080306T3 (en) | 2019-03-29 |
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