ES2699577T3 - Gable and personnel elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

A boom that is an elongate piece, and comprises at least one elongated boom portion (9), whose cross section profile comprises an upper portion (10), two opposite sides (11), a lower portion (12) and corners ( NU, NL) between them; and wherein the sides (11) of the boom portion (9) are at the lower lateral end (12) at a distance (L2) greater from each other than at the upper lateral end (10); the sides (11) of the part (9) of the boom comprise at least three flat surfaces (T) and corners (N) between them; the lower part (12) of the part (9) of the boom is channel-shaped and comprises a concave inner surface side and a convex outer surface side; and the lower part (12) comprises at least five flat surfaces (T) and corners (N) therebetween; characterized in that the profile of the cross section of the part (9) of the boom comprises at least three profile components (14a to 14f) that are fastened together by longitudinal seams (S); and the seams (S) between the profile components (14a to 14f) are at a distance from the corners (NU, NL) of the boom portion.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Gable and personnel elevator

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a boom which is an elongate part and comprises at least one elongated boom part. The profile of the cross section of the boom part comprises an upper part, two opposite sides, a lower part and corners between them.

The invention also relates to a personnel lift.

The field of the invention is described in more detail in the preambles of the independent claims of the patent application.

The elongated gables are used in various work machines and mobile devices. The boom is movably connected to a support and its outermost end generally has a working device. The boom can be quite long, so the dead weight of the boom can be large. Normally, the profile of the boom cross section is substantially a rectangle, often an oblong. One drawback of current barriers is that the relationship between stiffness and weight is not satisfactory. DE 30 15599 A1 describes a telescopic crane boom. US 5 718 345 A discloses a telescopic boom structure. EP 0814050 A1 describes a telescopic arm for vehicle cranes. CA 2697299 describes a crane arm for a crane.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved boom and a personnel lift equipped with a boom.

The boom of the invention is characterized in that the profile of the cross section of the boom part comprises at least three profile components that are fastened together by longitudinal seams, and the seams between the profile components are at a distance from the corners from the part of the gable.

The personnel lift of the invention is characterized in that the boom of the personnel lift is in accordance with claim 1.

The idea of the present solution is that the boom comprises at least one boom part, the profile of the cross section of which has an upper part, two opposite sides, and a lower part opposite the upper one. The sides are at a greater distance from each other and from the centerline of the boom part at the lower end than at the upper end. In addition, the sides comprise at least three flat surfaces and corners between them. In addition, the lower part of the boom cross section is channel-shaped such that it has at least five flat surfaces and corners between them. In the center of the lower part, there is a central part and, on both sides of it, flat sections directed obliquely upwards, as well as sections that are parallel to the central part and connect with the profile sides of the cross section .

An advantage of the present solution is that the cross section of the boom part has a large number of corners that stiffen the structure. In addition, the corners divide at least the sides and the lower part into sections so that they have relatively small and uniform surface areas. In this way, it is possible to prevent the surfaces from bending. When the lower parts of the sides are widened outwards, the lateral rigidity of the boom part and the rotational rigidity can be increased. However, the present solution provides a good rigidity in relation to the mass.

The idea of one embodiment is that, in the operative position of the boom part, the sides move in the vertical plane. The upper part of the boom part forms the upper part of profile in cross section and the lower part forms the lower part of profile. The upward direction then means towards the upper part and the downward direction means towards the lower part.

The idea of one embodiment is that both sides of the boom part comprise three flat surfaces and corners between them. Above, that is, closer to the top, there is a vertical top. Below, that is, closer to the bottom, there is a vertical bottom. The upper and lower parts can be parallel. The lower part is at a greater horizontal distance from the center line of the boom part. The profile is then wider at the bottom. Between the upper and lower parts of the side, there is an oblique section.

The idea of an embodiment is that the lower part of the boom part is in the form of a trough such that the side of the inner surface of the lower part is concave and its side of the outer surface is convex. The lower part comprises several flat surfaces which are connected to each other by longitudinal corners. Instead of large surfaces, the lower part has several smaller surfaces with a smaller buckling susceptibility than that of large surfaces. In addition, the lower part has several corners that harden the structure. The compression tension is directed to the lower part of the boom part during use and attempts to bend the lower part and its parts inward in profile. This buckling of surfaces can be effectively avoided with the structure described.

The idea of an embodiment is that the lower part of the boom part comprises at least five flat surfaces and corners between them. There are five flat surfaces both on the side of the outer surface and on the side of the inner surface of the bottom. A central part is in the center of the lower part and on both sides thereof, there are two oblique sections directed upwards obliquely with edge sections extending therefrom. The middle part of the bottom part can be horizontal as the edge sections on the bottom edges.

The idea of an embodiment is that the lower part of the boom part comprises at least seven flat surfaces and corners between them. There are seven flat surfaces both on the side of the outer surface and on the side of the inner surface of the bottom. A central part is in the center of the lower part and on both sides thereof, there are two oblique sections directed obliquely upwards in different angles and edge sections extending from them. The middle part of the bottom part can be horizontal as the edge sections on the bottom edges.

The idea of one embodiment is that the edges of the lower boom part have the aforementioned edge sections with flat horizontal surfaces on the side of the inner surface and the side of the outer surface of the boom part. These flat surfaces of the edge sections are used as supporting surfaces that can receive loads from other parts of the boom on the outer side and the inner side of the boom part. The support surface may be equipped with a sliding part, such as a sliding block or rod, which may be made of a suitable sliding bearing material.

The idea of an embodiment is that the section of the horizontal edge of the lower part of the boom is connected through a rectangular corner to the vertical lower part of the profile face. The profile comprises two orthogonal corners that are at the greatest possible horizontal distance from each other in the profile. These corners act as efficient reinforcements in the structure.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises several elongated profile components fastened together. The boom part is formed by more than two profile components that have different cross-sectional profiles. The profile components that are joined together by longitudinal seams together form the profile of the cross section of the boom part. The length of each profile component corresponds to the length of the boom part. When the boom part is formed by several profile components, it is easier to manufacture. The structure also allows various modifications of the boom part for different applications.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises at least four profile components fastened together by longitudinal seams. The profile of the cross section of the boom part can have a top profile component, two side profile components and a lower profile component.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises at least four profile components fastened together by longitudinal seams. The seams between the profile components are at a distance of the two upper corners and the two lower corners of the boom part. The corners between the top and sides, as well as the corners between the bottom and sides are seamless. The sliding parts can be placed in the upper and lower corners of the boom part, in which case it is advantageous not to have seams in the corners. The lateral surfaces of the corners can act as sliding surfaces both on the inner surface and on the outer surface side of the boom.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises six longitudinal profile components fixed together. The cross-sectional profile of the boom portion may have a top profile component, two side profile components, two corner profile components and a lower profile component. This embodiment makes it possible to vary the boom part in many ways.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises several profile components fastened together. The properties of the boom part can be influenced by the selection of the profile components without changing the basic shape of the cross section of the boom part. For example, it is then possible to increase or decrease the thickness of the wall of each profile component. In addition, it is possible to influence the strength and other properties of the boom part by selecting the material of the profile component. For example, it is possible to select structural steels with different strength classes for use in different profile components. This embodiment allows the adaptation of the boom part for each device.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises two or more profile components, the materials of which have different strength properties. The materials can be of the same basic material, such as steel, but their resistances can be different due to the alloy, the heat treatment, the deformation or some other matter. The profile of the cross section of a part of the steel boom, for example, may comprise two or more sections having different strength classes.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises two or more profile components that are made of different basic materials. For example, the profile of the cross section of the boom part may have a steel section and an aluminum or composite metal section. Among the profile components made of different basic materials, there are longitudinal sewing surfaces which can be fastened together by gluing, screws or rivets, for example, if they can not be welded together.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises two or more profile components, of the wall thicknesses of which differ from each other.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises several profile components connected together by seams. The boom part has at least one upper profile, two side profile components and one lower profile component, each with a wall thickness. The thickness of the wall of the lower profile component is greater than that of the upper and side profile components. When loading the boom part, the compression stress is directed to the lower profile component, so that its walls become thicker than in the other profile components of the boom part.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises several profile components connected together by seams. The boom part has at least one upper profile, two side profile components and one lower profile component. Each profile component is a uniform piece made of a material. The profile components do not have seams. The profile components comprise flat surfaces with corners between them, the corners being seamless.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom part comprises two or more profile components. The profile of the cross section of the boom part is asymmetric such that the side profile components forming the opposite sides of profile differ from each other. The thickness of the wall or the properties of the material, such as the strength values, of the side profile components may be different. This embodiment can be used when an uneven load is directed to the boom. For example, in a personnel lift, a personnel cage and its auxiliary boom can be held by turning the members to one side of the boom, in which case an asymmetric load is directed to the boom. Due to the structure of components of the boom part, it is not necessary to use separate additional braces attached to the sides of the boom part.

The idea of an embodiment is that the profile components of the boom part are formed by rolling. When several profile components are used that are fastened together in the assembly, the shape of a single profile component can be relatively simple and open. The manufacture of profile components of this type by lamination is fast and cost-effective. In addition, roll forming produces elongated pieces of good quality and dimensionally accurate comprising curves.

The idea of one embodiment is that the profile components of the boom part are formed by the formation of a laminate, and comprise several flat surfaces and corners therebetween. The laminated profile component is then a uniform piece without seams.

The idea of an embodiment is that the side view of the boom part is differentiated into a flat surface. When examining the boom part from the side, there are at least six longitudinal corners or visible curves. The corners harden the structure and divide the surface into smaller sections to avoid bending. The side view comprises several smaller buckling fields, whose susceptibility to buckling is smaller than that of a large area or area.

The idea of an embodiment is that the bottom view of the boom part is differentiated into a flat surface. When examining the boom part from the bottom, there are at least eight longitudinal corners or visible curves. The corners harden the structure and divide the surface into smaller sections to avoid bending. The idea of an embodiment is that the upper part of the boom part comprises at least three flat surfaces and longitudinal corners between them. In the middle of the upper part, there is a flat horizontal surface, and on the sides, oblique sections directed downward at a small angle. In comparison with the lower part, the angles of the oblique surfaces of the upper part are clearly smaller than those of the oblique surfaces of the lower part.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom is a telescopic boom that can be extended and shortened. The boom has a fixed boom portion and at least one movable boom portion disposed at least partially within the fixed boom portion. The moving part of the boom can also be moved in relation to the fixed part of the boom, when the boom is loaded.

The idea of an embodiment is that, between at least two nested boom parts, there is at least one longitudinal device space. The mechanisms necessary to move the boom parts, for example, can be arranged in the space of the device. In addition, hydraulic tubes or channels, electrical cables or other means for transmitting energy or means may be arranged in the space of the device. The profile shape described above makes it possible to provide sufficiently large device spaces in the structure.

The idea of an embodiment is that the length of the boom part is more than 8 meters, typically from 8 to 14 meters.

The idea of an embodiment is that the boom is the boom of a personnel lift. The lower end of the boom of the personnel lift is secured to a rotating frame or to the corresponding attachment point on a movable carrier. The upper end of the boom has a staff cage. The boom of a personnel lift must be mobile under load, so the cross section of the boom part must also retain its shape under load.

The above embodiments and related features can be combined to provide realization and characteristic combinations as desired.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Some embodiments are explained in more detail in the accompanying drawings, in which

Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a personnel lift comprising a mobile carrier and a boom connected to it,

Figure 2 is a schematic side view of a boom provided with a personnel cage,

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the cross section of a part of the boom,

Figure 4 is a schematic view and a perspective view of the boom part of Figure 3,

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the cross section of a part of the boom with several profile components,

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the boom, in which the lower part is made of material with a wall thickness greater than that of the other sections.

Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the boom, in which the thicknesses of the walls of the sides differ from each other, and

Figure 8 is a schematic view of a boom with several boom parts disposed one inside the other to provide a telescopic boom.

For the sake of clarity, the figures show some embodiments in a simplified manner. In the figures, the reference numbers identify similar elements.

Detailed description of some embodiments

Figure 1 shows a personnel lift 1 comprising a mobile carrier 2 and a boom 3 disposed therein. The boom has several boom parts 9, which are partially within the boom and which can move one in relation to the other so that the boom 3 can extend and shorten. One end of the boom 3 is connected to the carrier 2 with a rotating frame 5. The other end of the boom 3 has a staff cage 6. The boom 3 can be moved in a versatile way up, down and to the sides, so that the staff cage can be placed in the desired place. The length of the boom 3 can be modified while the personnel cage 6 is loaded. The boom 3 can be extensible to be very long, so it must have a good rigidity in relation to the weight. The boom 3 and the boom part 9 described in this patent application can be used in a lifter 1 for personnel similar to that of figure 1, for example.

Figure 2 shows that the boom 3 can comprise a lower boom 3a and an upper boom 3b which are coupled together with a joint 7. At the lower end of the boom 3, there is also a joint 8 for raising and lowering the boom 3. The boom 3 can be turned to the sides by the rotating frame 5. The lower boom 3a and the upper boom 3b comprise at least two boom parts 9, of which at least one is a fixed boom part 9a and at least one is a movable boom part 9b telescopically. The boom parts 9 are generally quite long, typically 10 to 12 meters in length. The boom parts 9a, 9b may be as described in this patent application.

Figure 3 shows the profile of the cross section of a part 9 of the boom comprising an upper part 10, two opposite sides 11 and a lower part 12 with corners NU and NL between them. The sides 11 comprise three flat T surfaces with corners N therebetween. The sides 11 widen outwardly at the lower side end 12, that is, the lower parts of the sides on the underside are at a longer horizontal distance L2 from the central axis 13 than the upper parts of the sides 11. Lower part 12 is, in turn, in channel form. The lower part 12 can have seven flat surfaces T with corners N between them. Therefore, the structures of the sides 11 and the bottom part 12 have a large number of corners N that reinforce the structure. In addition, the flat surfaces T in them are small to avoid buckling. The lower part 12 has external horizontal planar surfaces T1 and corresponding internal planar surfaces T2 which can act as support surfaces between the parts of the boom which are arranged one inside the other. The sliding pieces can be placed against these support surfaces T1, T2, as illustrated below in Figure 8.

Figure 3 also shows that the upper part 10 can comprise several flat T surfaces and corners N therebetween.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of part 9 of the boom. Each side 11 of the boom part 9 comprises three flat surfaces and corners between them. Above is a vertical upper part 20. Below is a vertical bottom part 21. The upper part 20 and the lower part 21 can be parallel. In some cases, the upper part 20 and the lower part 21 may be slightly inclined with respect to the vertical. The lower part 21 is at a greater horizontal distance from the center line of the boom part. Between the upper 20 and lower portions 21, there is an oblique section 22. The lower part 12 of the boom part 9 is channel-shaped such that the side of the inner surface of the lower part is concave and the side of the outer surface is convex. In the center of the lower part 12, there is a central portion 23 and on both sides thereof, there are two obliquely directed upwardly facing portions 24 and 25 and edge sections 26 extending therefrom. The central part 23 of the lower part can be horizontal like the edge sections 26. In the middle of the upper part 10 of the boom part 9, there is a flat horizontal surface 27 and, on the sides, oblique sections 28 directed downwardly at a small angle.

Figure 5 shows that the cross section of the boom portion 9 may comprise several profile components 14 which can be joined together by seams S. The seams S are longitudinally to the boom part 9. The seams S can be welds, for example. In addition, S seams can be butt seams. The upper part 10 of the boom part 9 can be formed by a top profile component 14a. The sides 11 can be formed by components 14b and 14c of side profile. The lower part 12 can be formed by a lower profile component 14d. In addition, there may be components 14e and 14f of corner profile between the sides 11 and the bottom part 12. In total, the profile of the boom part 9 may comprise six profiled components 14a to 14f joined together. In such a case, there are also six seams S. As can be seen in Figure 5, the seams S are placed at a distance from the corners NU and NL, which is advantageous for the resistance. The upper profile component 14a may have vertical sections 29 that extend to the side 11. In addition, the corner profile components 14e and 14f may have sections 30 extending toward the oblique sections 25 of the lower profile component 14d. In the upper NU corners and the lower NL corners, there may be GS sliding surfaces on both the inner surface side and the outer profile side side. The sliding parts can be placed against these sliding surfaces.

Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the fact that the wall thicknesses of the boom portion 9, the upper part 10, the sides 11 and the lower part 12 formed of profile components may differ in size from each other, if necessary. In Figure 6, the wall thickness W1 of the lower part 12 has been made larger by means of the lower profile component. In addition, the wall thickness W2 of the upper part 10 is sized to be smaller than the wall thickness W3 of the sides 11. Figure 7 shows that the structure can be asymmetric with respect to the central line C in such a way that the wall thicknesses W4 and W5 of the opposite sides 11 differ from each other. It is possible to use not only different wall thicknesses, but also profile components that differ in strength, material and other properties to achieve the best possible relationship between stiffness and weight for each requirement. For clarity, figures 6 and 7 do not show the seams between the profile components. However, the seams are placed away from the area of the upper NU corners and the lower NL corners of the boom part.

Figure 8 is a very simplified view of the structure of a boom 3. The boom 3 comprises five parts 9a to 9e of the boom one inside the other. Naturally, there may be less or even more parts of the boom, for example 7. The outermost boom part 9a is a fixed boom part, in relation to which the parts of the mobile boom 9b to 9e can move horizontally. In Figure 8 some sliding pieces 15 are marked which can rest against the supporting surfaces in the lower part of the boom parts. There may also be sliding pieces 16 between the upper parts of the boom parts. The sliding parts can be corner pieces 15a, 16a, in which case their cross section profile resembles the letter L. These corner parts can be used, when there are no seams at the corners NU and NL of the boom parts. In the boom parts, the seams are placed away from the sliding surfaces that come against the sliding parts. The side profile components can be dimensioned in such a way that the spaces 17 of the device required to move the mechanisms remain between the parts of the boom. In addition, the lower profile components can be dimensioned in such a way as to provide the spaces required for devices 18 for corresponding cables, hoses and power supply means. When the structure of the boom parts is formed by profile components of the type described above, the spaces 17 and 18 of the device can be formed relatively easily and without detrimentally affecting the stiffness of the structure. In addition, the spaces 17, 18 of the device can be dimensioned to be large enough, which facilitates the assembly and maintenance of the boom 3.

In some cases, the features described in this application can be used as such, independently of other characteristics. On the other hand, when necessary, the features described in this application can be combined to provide different combinations.

The drawings and the related description are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. The details of the invention may vary within the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A boom that is an elongated piece, and comprises at least one elongated boom portion (9), the cross section profile of which comprises an upper portion (10), two opposite sides (11), a lower portion (12) and corners (NU, NL) therebetween; and in which the sides (11) of the part (9) of the boom are at the lower lateral end (12) at a distance (L2) greater from each other than at the upper lateral end (10); the sides (11) of the part (9) of the boom comprise at least three flat surfaces (T) and corners (N) between them; the lower part (12) of the part (9) of the boom is channel-shaped and comprises a concave inner surface side and a convex outer surface side; Y the lower part (12) comprises at least five flat surfaces (T) and corners (N) between them; characterized because the profile of the cross section of the part (9) of the boom comprises at least three profile components (14a to 14f) that are fastened together by longitudinal seams (S); Y the seams (S) between the profile components (14a to 14f) are at a distance from the corners (NU, NL) of the boom part. 2. A boom according to claim 1, characterized in that each profile component (14a to 14f) is a uniform piece made of the same material; Y each profile component (14a to 14f) has several flat surfaces, whose corners (N) have no seams (S). 3. A boom according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the part (9) of the boom comprises six separately manufactured profile components that are clamped together and form the profile of the cross section of the boom part (9); Y the profile components are: one component (14a) of upper profile, two components (14b, 14c) of side profile, two components (14e, 14f) of corner profile and one component (14d) of lower profile. A boom according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the profile components (14a to 14f) are laminated pieces. 5. A boom according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the part (9) of the boom comprises two or more uniform profile components (14) with different resistances due to different materials. 6. A boom according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the part (9) of the boom comprises two or more components (14) of uniform profile with different wall thicknesses (W1 to W5). 7. A boom according to claim 6, characterized in that the thickness (W1) of the wall of the component (14d) of the lower profile is greater than the thickness (W2) of the wall of the components (14b, 14c) of the side profile and the thickness (W3) of the wall of the component ( 14a) of superior profile. 8. A boom according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that : the boom (3) comprises two or more parts (9a to 9e) of the boom one inside the other. 9. A personnel elevator, characterized because A boom (3) of the personnel elevator (1) is as claimed in claim 1.