ES2674532B1 - Automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal crop protection - Google Patents
Automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal crop protection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2674532B1 ES2674532B1 ES201700037A ES201700037A ES2674532B1 ES 2674532 B1 ES2674532 B1 ES 2674532B1 ES 201700037 A ES201700037 A ES 201700037A ES 201700037 A ES201700037 A ES 201700037A ES 2674532 B1 ES2674532 B1 ES 2674532B1
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- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- automatic winding
- cover
- plastic cover
- winding plastic
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Description
CUBIERTA PLASTICA DE ENRROLLADQ AUTOMATICQ CON INSTALACION ENRROLLADQ AUTOMATICQ PLASTIC COVER WITH INSTALLATION
SUBTERRANEA PARA PROTECCION TERMICA DE CULTIVOSUNDERGROUND FOR THERMAL PROTECTION OF CROPS
DESCRIPCIONDESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invencion, tal como express el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos lo que permite la creacion de una cubierta de manera automatics tras la deteccion de bajada en la temperatura ambiental que pudiese causar dano en los cultivos. Por lo que de esta manera permite mantener una temperatura idonea en el interior de la cubierta del cultivo para su optimo desarrollo a pesar de las inclemencies exteriores.The present invention, as expressly stated in the present specification, refers to a plastic cover of automatic winding with underground installation for thermal protection of crops which allows the creation of a cover automatically after the detection of descent in the environmental temperature that could cause damage to crops. So in this way it allows to maintain a suitable temperature inside the cover of the crop for its optimal development despite the external inclemencies.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En la actualidad existen zonas en las que las bajadas de las temperaturas en determinadas epocas del ano no permiten el cultivo de determinadas variedades sobre todo horticolas, ademas de que muchos agricultores pierden cosechas enteras con las heladas que surgen de manera esporadica.At present, there are areas where the decreases in temperatures at certain times of the year do not allow the cultivation of certain varieties, especially horticultural crops, in addition to the fact that many farmers lose whole crops with the frosts that arise sporadically.
La presente invencion ademas de solventar tal problema descrito anteriormente, es capaz de instalarse y desinstalarse automaticamente tras la deteccion de la bajada de la temperatura por medio de una estacion climatologies y asi proteger al cultivo de heladas tras una cubierta o lamina plastica. Dicha cubierta emerge de un foso o cavidad hecho en The present invention in addition to solving such problem described above, is able to be installed and automatically uninstalled after the detection of the temperature drop by means of a climatologies station and thus protect the crop from frost after a plastic cover or sheet. Said cover emerges from a pit or cavity made in el terreno a una determinada profundidad donde se encuentran los sistemas motores y los ejes donde va enrollada la cubierta y el cableado.the ground to a certain depth where the motor systems and the axes where the cover and the wiring are rolled up.
Y asi, en epocas en el que no se necesite de aislamiento termico, la cubierta permanece resguardada del exterior en el habitaculo anteriormente mencionado, aumentando la vida util de los materiales que la forman.And so, in times when thermal insulation is not needed, the roof remains protected from the outside in the aforementioned room, increasing the useful life of the materials that form it.
Por otro lado, una vez que la cubierta este enrollada en el interior del compartimento subterraneo, cabe destacar, que la instalacion de este dispositivo en el cultivo permite que la parcela de terreno pueda ararse, por el distanciamiento entre los railes y sudisposicion longitudinal y a favor del camino de arado.On the other hand, once the cover is rolled inside the underground compartment, it should be noted, that the installation of this device in the crop allows the plot of land to be plowed, by the distance between the rails and longitudinal position and in favor of the plow road.
DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCIONDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invencion se refiere a una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos, la cual es accionada por medio de al menos un motor unido a unos ejes en los que va enrollada la cubierta plastica, en la que tal instalacion va realizada bajo tierra, protegiendo del exterior al dispositivo mecanico motorizado y a los materiales de la cubierta, para su conservacion por mas tiempo.The present invention relates to a plastic cover for automatic winding with underground installation for thermal crop protection, which is driven by means of at least one motor attached to axes in which the plastic cover is rolled, in which such installation It is made underground, protecting from the outside the motorized mechanical device and the materials of the cover, for its conservation for a longer time.
La cubierta plastica esta formada por un conjunto de finas laminas de. plastico que discurren por unos railes dispuestos paralelamente unos de otros a cierta distancia, guiando a dicnas laminas a traves de sus extremos laterales hasta completar el recorrido de los railes, cubriendo de esta manera la parcela de cultivo que se desee proteger. The plastic cover is formed by a set of thin sheets of. plastic that run along rails arranged parallel to each other at a certain distance, guiding the sheets through their lateral ends to complete the path of the rails, covering in this way the plot of crop that you want to protect.
Los railes van instalados sobre unos pilares dispuestos cada cierta distancia unos de otros y clavados en el terreno, que elevan a cada rail a una determinada altura respecto al suelo.The rails are installed on pillars arranged each certain distance from each other and nailed to the ground, which elevate each rail to a certain height with respect to the ground.
Los railes por donde discurre la lamina plastica contienen un sistema de cableado o cuerdas que por un extremo van unidas al sistema motor y por otro lado a las laminas de plastico permitiendo plegado o desplegado de la cubierta.The rails through which the plastic sheet runs contain a wiring system or ropes that are attached at one end to the motor system and on the other side to the plastic sheets allowing folding or unfolding of the cover.
DESCRIPCION DE LAS FIGURASDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Se complements la presente memoria descriptiva, con un juego de figuras, ilustrativas del ejemplo preferente y nunca limitativas de la invencion.The present specification is complemented with a set of figures, illustrative of the preferred and never limiting example of the invention.
La figura nuraero 1- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realizacion preferido de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos apreciandose la cubierta desenrollada y desplegada sobre la parcela de cultivo, mostrando una parte del interior del foso donde se encuentra el conjunto motor.The figure 1- Shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a plastic cover of automatic winding with underground installation for thermal protection of crops appreciating the cover unrolled and deployed on the plot of culture, showing a part of the interior of the pit where is the motor assembly.
La figura numero 2- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realizacion preferido de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos apreciandose la cubierta enrollada y en posicion de espera al accionamiento, ademas de una parte del interior del foso donde se encuentra el conjunto motor. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal protection of crops, the cover being rolled up and in waiting position to the drive, in addition to a part of the interior of the pit where the motor assembly is located.
La figura numero 3- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realizacion preferido de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos apreciandose la cubierta y el sistema de cableado totalmente enrollados en sus respectivos ejes en el interior del foso siendo guardados para la siguiente cosecha, y mostrando ademas la distribucion de los materiales de la cubierta enrollados en los ejes motrices dentro de su habitaculo subterraneo.Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal protection of crops, the cover and wiring system being fully wound on their respective axes inside the pit being stored for the next harvest, and also showing the distribution of the roof materials rolled in the drive axles within its underground room.
La figura numero 4- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realizacion preferido de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos apreciandose en detalle la distribucion del sistema de cableado y guiado de la cubierta al principio de los railes.Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal protection of crops, appreciating in detail the distribution of the cabling system and guidance of the roof at the beginning of the rails. .
La figura numero 5- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realizacion preferido de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos apreciandose en detalle la distribucion del sistema de cableado y guiado de la cubierta al final de los railes.Figure number 5 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a plastic automatic winding cover with underground installation for thermal protection of crops appreciating in detail the distribution of the cabling system and guidance of the roof at the end of the rails .
La figura numero 6— Muestra una vista en seccion de un ejemplo de realizacion preferido de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos apreciandose la seccion en detalle de un rail de la instalacion junto con el conjunto de cableado que contiene a lo largo de su elongacion, ademas de la seccion del dispositivo de arrastre que va instalado al comienzo de cada lamina plastica y que discurre por el interior del rail. Tambien se contempla la seccion de la Figure number 6 shows a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of an automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal protection of crops, appreciating the detail section of a rail of the installation together with the wiring set containing along its elongation, in addition to the section of the device of drag that is installed at the beginning of each plastic sheet and that runs inside the rail. The section of the parte superior del pilar que sustenta al conjunto y la guia del cableado inferior.upper part of the pillar that supports the assembly and the guide of the lower wiring.
La figura numero 7- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realizacionpreferido de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos apreciandose el dispositivo de arrastre instalado al comienzo de cada la lamina plastica junto al conjunto de cableado al que va unido y por el que discurre.Figure 7 shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal protection of crops, the trailing device installed at the beginning of each plastic sheet being appreciated along with the wiring assembly to which it is united and through which it flows.
La figura numero 8- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realizacionpreferido de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos apreciandose uno de los pilares donde van instalados los railes en la parte superior de este por al menos un tornillo, ademas de la union a una placa base a traves de su extremo inferior, la cual va enterrada en el terreno junto a la parte inferior del pilar a modo de sujecion.Figure number 8- Shows a perspective view of an example of a preferred embodiment of an automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal protection of crops. One of the pillars where the rails are installed on the upper part of this by at least one screw, in addition to the union to a base plate through its lower end, which is buried in the ground next to the bottom of the pillar as a fastening.
EXPOSICION DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIONDETAILED EXHIBITION OF THE INVENTION
A la vista de las mencionadas figuras, y de acuerdo con la numeracion adoptada, se puede observar en ellas un ejemplo preferido, pero no limitative, de ejemplo de una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos (1) preconizado, el cual comprende las partes y elementos que se indican y describen en detalle a continuacion.In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numeration adopted, a preferred example can be observed, but not limitative, as an example of a plastic cover for automatic winding with underground installation for thermal protection of crops (1) recommended , which comprises the parts and elements that are indicated and described in detail below.
En las figuras se muestra una cubierta plastica de enrollado automatico con instalacion subterranea para proteccion termica de cultivos (1), se caracteriza porque The figures show a plastic cover of automatic winding with underground installation for thermal protection of crops (1), characterized because comprende un conjunto de accionamiento subterraneo (19) de la cubierta (1), la cual esta compues ta por un conjunto de laminas plasticas flexibles (2) enrolladas en al menos un eje (9) , el cual conecta a traves de un medio de transmision (12) con al menos un motor (4), que por medio de railes (3) repartidos paralelamente por el terreno de cultivo guian las laminas (2) a traves de estos por medio de un sistema de cableado (10) dispuesto en los railes (3), y a traves de la union por uno de los extremos del cableado (10) al eje (9) conectado al motor (4), la cubierta (1) se despliega o se recoge automaticamente con respecto al cambio de giro de los ejes (9) conectados al motor (4).It comprises an underground drive assembly (19) of the cover (1), which is composed of a set of flexible plastic sheets (2) wound on at least one axis (9), which connects through a means of transmission (12) with at least one motor (4), which by means of rails (3) distributed in parallel along the cultivation ground guide the sheets (2) through them by means of a wiring system (10) arranged in the rails (3), and through the connection by one of the ends of the wiring (10) to the shaft (9) connected to the motor (4), the cover (1) is automatically deployed or picked up with respect to the turn change of the shafts (9) connected to the motor (4).
En la figura 1 y en la figura 2 donde se muestran la cubierta plastica (1) desplegada y recogida respectivamente, dicha cubierta (1) junto a los cables o cuerdas de traccion (10) emergen a traves de unos orificios realizados en la compuerta (8) del habitaculo subterraneo (20) en el que se encuentra instalado el dispositivo de accionamiento motor (19) que promueve el movimiento de las laminas (2) que componen la cubierta (1) a lo largo de los railes (3).In Figure 1 and Figure 2 where the plastic cover (1) shown and collected respectively are shown, said cover (1) next to the cables or traction ropes (10) emerge through holes made in the gate ( 8) of the underground room (20) in which the motor drive device (19) is installed, which promotes the movement of the sheets (2) that make up the cover (1) along the rails (3).
Como se observa en la figura 2, los railes (3) van unidos a la parte superior de unos postes o pilares (6) preferiblemente metalicos dotados con una determinada altura, elevando los railes (3) por encima del terreno de cultivo, y al combinar diferentes alturas por cada rail (3) se le da una forma determinada a la cubierta (1), como por ejemplo, a dos aguas como se aprecia en el ejemplo de la figura 1, o incluso mas, dependiendo de la extension de cultivo.As seen in Figure 2, the rails (3) are attached to the top of posts or pillars (6) preferably metal endowed with a certain height, raising the rails (3) above the field of cultivation, and combining different heights for each rail (3) is given a certain shape to the cover (1), such as, for example, gable as shown in the example of figure 1, or even more, depending on the extension of crop .
Como se muestra en la figura 3, el sistema de accionamiento comprende al menos un motor (4) que a traves de As shown in Figure 3, the drive system comprises at least one motor (4) that through un sistema de transmision (12), que en este ejemplo de realizacion, es un conjunto de engranajes (4), transmite el movimiento giratorio a los ejes (9), los cuales, uno de ellos comprende enrolladas a lo largo de su elongacion a las laminas plasticas (2) y el otro eje (9) a los cables o cuerdas de traccion (10) de cada rail (3), por lo que una vez cerrada la compuerta (8) todo queda protegido del exterior en el habitaculo subterraneo (20), aumentando la vida util de los materiales guardados hasta el siguiente uso.A transmission system (12), which in this exemplary embodiment, is a set of gears (4), transmits the rotary movement to the axes (9), which, one of them comprises windings along its elongation to the plastic sheets (2) and the other axis (9) to the cables or traction ropes (10) of each rail (3), so that once the gate (8) is closed, everything is protected from the outside in the underground room (20), increasing the shelf life of the stored materials until the next use.
Como se puede observar en la figura 1, en la figura 2 y en la figura 3, la cubierta (1) comprende al menos una estacion meteorologies (18) a traves de la cual la cubierta (1) es accionada de manera automatica para el despliegue o la recogida de las laminas plasticas (2) segun la variacion de temperatura o de las condiciones climatologicas del entorno.As can be seen in figure 1, in figure 2 and figure 3, the cover (1) comprises at least one meteorological station (18) through which the cover (1) is activated automatically for the deployment or collection of the plastic sheets (2) according to the variation of temperature or the climatic conditions of the environment.
Tal y como se contempla en la figura 4, para una corrects insercion de las laminas plasticas (2) en los railes (3), a ambos extremos del cable de sujecion (16) que se encuentra en el interior de cada rail (3) ; comprende una prclongacion solida (13), redondeada por un extremo y unida a por el otro extremo al cable de sujecion (16), la cual sobresale al principio de cada rail (3) por su parte redondeada, adaptandose a la forma de este y con un mismo dicimetro que el cable de sujecion (16), permitiendo que en el doblez realizado por medio de termo-sellado en cada extremo lateral de las laminas plasticas(2) pueda introducirse el cable de sujecion (16) y a la vez mantener su misma posicion en el interior del rail (3) respecto el avance de dichas laminas (2), puesto que la union por sus extremos con las prolongacior.es solidas (13) impiden al cable de sujecion (16) el desplazamiento en ambos sentidos por la forma que estas As seen in figure 4, for a correct insertion of the plastic sheets (2) in the rails (3), at both ends of the cable (16) that is inside each rail (3) ; comprises a solid prclongacion (13), rounded at one end and joined at the other end to the fastening cable (16), which protrudes at the beginning of each rail (3) rounded on its part, adapting to the shape of this and with the same diameter as the clamping cable (16), allowing the clamping cable (16) to be inserted in the fold made by means of thermo-sealing at each lateral end of the plastic sheets (2) while at the same time maintaining its same position inside the rail (3) with respect to the advancement of said sheets (2), since the connection at their ends with the solid extensions (13) prevent the cable of grip (16) displacement in both directions by the way you are prolongaciones (16) adoptan al comienzo de cada rail (3), manteniendo fijo y en la misma posicion al cable de sujecion (16) en todo el despliegue o la recogida de la cubierta (1), atrapando a la lamina plastica (2) en el interior del rail (3) en todo su recorrido atraves de este por medio de su doblez situado en los extremos laterales de dicha lamina (2).extensions (16) adopt at the beginning of each rail (3), keeping fixed and in the same position to the fastening cable (16) throughout the deployment or collection of the cover (1), trapping the plastic sheet (2) inside the rail (3) throughout its travel through it by means of its fold located at the lateral ends of said sheet (2).
En la figura 2 y mas en detalle en la figura 7, se ve representado el dispositivo de arrastre (7) instalado y unido al principio y a cada lado de las laminas plasticas (2), facilitanao el desplazamiento de estas a traves de los railes (3). Este dispositivo (7) preferentemente de material plastico, se adapta a la forma interior del rail (3) y une a un extremo del cable de traccion (10) a la lamina plastica (2), por lo que al estar dicho cable (10) unido por su otro extremo al eje (9), permite el desplazamiento de la cubierta (1) por los railes (3) con el accionamiento del motor (4), ademas de mantener abierto el doblez lateral de las laminas (2) para introducir y facilitar el deslizamiento de esta a traves del cable de de sujecion(16).In figure 2 and more in detail in figure 7, it is represented the drag device (7) installed and attached to the beginning and to each side of the plastic sheets (2), facilitanao the displacement of these through the rails ( 3). This device (7) preferably made of plastic material, adapts to the interior shape of the rail (3) and joins one end of the traction cable (10) to the plastic sheet (2), so that said cable (10) ) joined by its other end to the shaft (9), allows the displacement of the cover (1) by the rails (3) with the motor drive (4), in addition to keeping open the lateral fold of the sheets (2) for introduce and facilitate the sliding of this through the clamping cable (16).
Tal y como se muestra en la figura 5, se comprende en la parte trasera de cada rail (3) y anclado al terreno por medio de un poste o pilar (6) de poca altura, se localiza al menos un sistema de poleas (5) por el que discurre el cable o cuerda de traccion (10) y que une al eje de rotacion (9) con el dispositivo de arrastre (7), y este a su vez unido a las laminas plasticas (2), lo que permite el desplazamiento de la cubierta(1).As shown in figure 5, it is understood that at the rear part of each rail (3) and anchored to the ground by means of a low post or pillar (6), at least one pulley system is located (5). ) through which runs the rope or traction rope (10) and joins the axis of rotation (9) with the device of drag (7), and this in turn attached to the plastic sheets (2), which allows the displacement of the cover (1).
Tambien como se puede apreciar en la figura 5, las poleas (5) situadas al final de los railes (3) actuan como punto de amarre para los cables de sujecion (16), Also as can be seen in figure 5, the pulleys (5) located at the end of the rails (3) act as a mooring point for the fastening cables (16), manteniendolos tensos y prolongando el avance de la cubierta (1) hasta dichas poleas (5).keeping them tense and prolonging the advance of the cover (1) to said pulleys (5).
Ademas cada poste comprende al menos un guiado de cableado inferior (14) por el que discurre el cable o cuerda de traccion (10) que conecta al eje (9) donde va enrollado por uno de sus extremes, con el sistema de poleas (5) que se situa al final de cada rail (3).In addition, each post comprises at least one lower wiring guide (14) through which the rope or traction cord (10) runs which connects to the shaft (9) where it is wound by one of its ends, with the pulley system (5). ) which is located at the end of each rail (3).
Como se muestra en la figura 8, los postes o pilares (6) comprenden en su extremo inferior la union con una placa (17) perpendicular a estos y preferiblemente metalica, que al ser enterrados los postes (6) para la instalacion de los raiies (3) y de los sistemas de poleas (5) , estos quedan anclados con mayor sujecion al terreno. As shown in Figure 8, the poles or pillars (6) comprise at its lower end the connection with a plate (17) perpendicular to these and preferably metallic, that when the posts (6) are buried for the installation of the rails (3) and the pulley systems (5), these are anchored with greater subject to the ground.
Claims (9)
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ES201700037A ES2674532B1 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal crop protection |
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ES201700037A ES2674532B1 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Automatic winding plastic cover with underground installation for thermal crop protection |
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ES2674532A1 ES2674532A1 (en) | 2018-07-02 |
ES2674532B1 true ES2674532B1 (en) | 2019-04-08 |
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